2010年11月第26卷第11期

2010年11月第26卷第11期

<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20110213569083Title:Condensing evapotranspiration for irrigation based on heat exchange and bionics for collecting liquid water
Authors:Gong, Daozhi (1); Hao, Weiping (1); Mei, Xurong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydro-Science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
Corresponding author:Mei, X.
 (meixr@ieda.org.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:8-12
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the principles of crop evapotranspiration, heat exchange, vapor condensation, bionics for collecting liquid water, and water-saving irrigation, an innovative solution to improving crop water use efficiency: condensing evapotranspiration for irrigation (CEI) was summed up systematically. Low-temperature condition is created to aggregate, condense and harvest evapotranspiration vapor, and then irrigates the soil for root absorption, thus a totally closed water micro-circulation of soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum forms. Condensation and collection efficiency of evapotranspiration vapor, and energy use efficiency are key parameters of the technology. The technology is suitable for a serious water shortage, but energy-rich arid and semi-arid areas. The implementing patterns of this technology are divided into three types, such as condensing vapor by heat exchange between shallow soil and air, conditioner-based dehumidifier in greenhouses and collecting air water by bionics net in open-fields. The key points and directions to be solved in the future are breakthrough of bionics for collecting water, and optimization of system structure and operation process.
Number of references:8
Main heading:Water vapor
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Bionics - Biophysics - Condensation - Crops - Evapotranspiration - Heat exchangers - Humidity control - Irrigation - Liquids - Soils - Structural optimization - Wastewater reclamation - Water absorption - Water conservation - Water recycling - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Air-water - Closed water - Collection efficiency - Crop evapotranspiration - Crop water use - Energy-use efficiency - Heat exchange - Innovative solutions - Key parameters - Keypoints - Liquid water - Low temperatures - Operation process - Root absorption - Semiarid area - Shallow soils - System structures - Vapor condensation - Water recycle ratio - Water shortages - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:701 Electricity and Magnetism - 731.1 Control Systems - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components - 402 Buildings and Towers - 443 Meteorology - 444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20110213569094Title:Variation characteristics and impact factors of pan evaporation in Pearl River Basin, China
Authors:Wang, Zhaoli (1); Qin, Jiexiang (1); Chen, Xiaohong (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (2) Center for Water Resources and Environment Research, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Corresponding author:Chen, X.
 (eescxh@sysu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:73-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:With the data of monthly 20 cm pan evaporation and its impact climatic factors at 65 meteorological stations in Pearl River Basin from 1960 to 2001, spatial-temporal change characteristics of pan evaporation are analyzed by using Mann-Kendall test method, complete correlation methods and geographic information systems. The results showed that there was a significant decreasing trend in the observations on pan evaporation in Pearl River Basin, with an average rate of 2.79 mm/a in the whole basin. In autumn and summer, pan evaporation had no apparent decline trend; but in spring and winter, there existed a significant decreasing trend. The spatial distribution of the change rate showed that the maximum decrease of annual pan evaporation mainly occurs in the south and middle of Pearl River Basin. On the attribution, the paper calculated the complete correlation coefficients of eight climate factors with pan evaporation. And decreases in the sunshine duration, diurnal temperature range and the average wind speed were found to be the main influencing factors leading to the decrease of pan evaporation. These can provide references for study of climate change and hydrologic cycle in Pearl River Basin.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Climate change
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Evaporation - Gems - Geographic information systems - Information systems - Rivers - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Average rate - Characteristics - Climate factors - Climatic factors - Correlation coefficient - Diurnal temperature ranges - Geographic information - Hydrologic cycles - Impact factor - Influencing factor - Mann-Kendall test - Meteorological station - Pan evaporation - Pearl River basin - Spatial distribution - Spatial-temporal changes - Sunshine duration - Variation characteristics - Wind speed
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 903.2 Information Dissemination - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 723.3 Database Systems - 482.2.1 Gems - 451 Air Pollution - 444.1 Surface Water
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20110213569139Title:Numerical simulation and experimental verification of heat transfer for fruits and vegetables during heat treatment
Authors:Yin, Haijiao (1); Yang, Zhao (1); Chen, Aiqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Thermal Energy Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Z.
 (zhaoyang@tju.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:344-348
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the heat transfer mechanism of postharvest fruits and vegetables during heat treatment, a universal heat transfer model suitable for columnar and spherical fruits and vegetables was established. The results showed that the established model could well predict the temperature changes of heat-treated fruits and vegetables, and the relative errors between simulated and measured results were lower than 5%. With the same treatment effect, the heating time of the Elizabeth muskmelon treated by the hot water method was only 35%-50% of the heating time of the Elizabeth muskmelon treated by hot air method. The surface heat transfer coefficients of the muskmelons treated by hot water and hot air were 190-250 and 10-30 W/(m2 &middot °C) respectively. The universal heat transfer model and experimental results can provide guidance for operation and optimization of the heat treatment of postharvest fruits and vegetables.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Water treatment
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Fruits - Heat treatment - Heating - Mathematical models - Numerical analysis - Vegetables - Water
Uncontrolled terms:Experimental verification - Heat transfer mechanism - Heat transfer model - Heating time - Hot air - Hot water - Measured results - Numerical simulation - Postharvest - Relative errors - Surface heat transfer coefficient - Temperature changes - Treatment effects
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 643.1 Space Heating - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 444 Water Resources - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.058
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20110213569122Title:Ecological engineering water recirculating ponds aquaculture system
Authors:Liu, Xingguo (1); Liu, Zhaopu (1); Xu, Hao (2); Gu, Zhaojun (2); Zhu, Hao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Nanjing Agricultural University Marine Biological Key Open Laboratory, Nanjing 210095, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200092, China
Corresponding author:Liu, X.
 (liuxg1223@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:237-244
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the characteristics of traditional freshwater ponds in aquaculture, a system of ecological engineering water recirculation ponds aquaculture was designed to solve the problems of aquatic pollution, waste of water and the safety of aquatic product. The system was composed of an eco-ditch, an eco-pond, constructed underflow wetlands and aquaculture ponds, with the area ratio of 1:5:3:30. In the system, the aquaculture ponds were arranged in series, and water flow facilities were built in the pond diagonal to exchange the upper and lower layer water. An impetus was used to circulate the water in the system. At the fish density of 0.20-0.82 kg/m3 and daily water exchange rate of 10%-15% in the system, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and CODMn were lower than 1.89, 0.20, 1.50, 3.27, 0.59, and 9.0 mg/L, respectively, which were all lower than those of the control pond and satisfied the standards of national aquaculture water quality. The water purification results of ecological engineering facilities showed that, the removal rates of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and CODMn from the aquaculture emissions were above 52%, 39% and 17%, respectively, in the constructed underflow wetlands. The average removal rates of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and CODMn were above 18.35%, 17.39% and 18.18%, respectively, in the ecological ditch. And the average removal rates of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and CODMn were 24.72%, 26.32% and 5.86%, respectively, in the eco-pond. Compared to the traditional pond aquaculture, the ecological engineering water recirculation ponds aquaculture system can save as much as 63.6% water and reduce 81.9% COD emissions, which show significant effects on water saving and pollution emission reducing.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Lakes
Controlled terms:Ecology - Engineering - Environmental management - Fish ponds - Nitrogen - Nitrogen removal - Phosphorus - Water conservation - Water pollution - Water quality - Water supply - Wetlands
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen - Aquaculture systems - Aquatic pollution - Aquatic products - Area ratios - Control ponds - Ecological engineering - Fish density - Freshwater pond - Nitrate nitrogen - Nitrite nitrogen - Pollution emissions - Pond - Recirculating aquaculture system - Removal rate - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Underflows - Water exchange rates - Water flows - Water purification - Water recirculation - Water saving
Classification code:901 Engineering Profession - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 454 Environmental Engineering - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 453 Water Pollution - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20110213569131Title:Suitability evaluation and subarea control and regulation of rural residential land based on niche
Authors:Qu, Yanbo (1); Zhang, Fengrong (1); Jiang, Guanghui (2); Guan, Xiaoke (1); Guo, Lina (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Land Resources Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (3) College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, F.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:290-296
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, with the analysis of ecological niche characteristics of rural residential land, relevant indicators were selected for considering the ecological conditions, production conditions and living conditions. Taking Pinggu district as study area, with the help of niche-fitness model and GIS, single-factor quantitative analysis and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation were used to divide the district into highly suitable, medium suitable, low levels of appropriate and inappropriate for rural residential land use, as well as key development areas, moderate potential areas, restricted expansion areas and priority remediation areas were formed for 275 administrative villages based on the results of suitable evaluation and cluster analysis method. Furthermore the characteristics of the regional land use were concluded and corresponding regulation and control modes were suggested. The results reflect the land use suitability and current trend, accord with local conditions and share a strong guiding significance for the consolidation of rural residential area and rural land-use planning.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Ecology
Controlled terms:Cluster analysis - Land use - Planning - Regional planning - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms:Niche - Pinggu district - Rural residential land - Sub-areas - Suitability evaluation
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 922 Statistical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.050
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20110213569086Title:Optimum angle inversion algorithm of bare soil moisture base on L-band passive microwave remote sensing
Authors:Ma, Hongzhang (1); Liu, Qinhuo (1); Wen, Jianguang (1); Wang, Heshun (1); Du, Hejuan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (2) College of Physics Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Shandong 266555, China
Corresponding author:Ma, H.
 (mahongzhang0448@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:24-29
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The importance of monitoring soil moisture of the cultivated land in the spring is discussed and the current several major inversion methods of soil moisture content is analyzed comparatively in this paper. In order to improve the soil moisture monitoring accuracy of the cultivated land, a new soil moisture content (SMC) inversion algorithm is proposed based on the analysis of soil emissivity database simulated by AIEM model. This new inversion algorithm and coefficient of the parameterized model developed by us can apply to most of the natural terrain. The soil moisture and roughness can be retrieved by using dual-polarized microwave brightness temperature data of 47 observing angle ancillary the soil temperature products retrieved from thermal infrared remote sensing data. Though initial verification, the new algorithm shows high inversion accuracy and the inversion accuracy of SMC and soil roughness are 0.0148 and 0.0461 respectively.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Computer simulation - Electromagnetic wave emission - Land use - Moisture control - Moisture determination - Remote sensing - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:AIEM model - Cultivated lands - Dual-polarized - Emissivity - Inversion accuracy - Inversion algorithm - Inversion methods - L-band passive microwave remote sensing - Microwave brightness temperature - Optimum angle - Parameterized model - Soil moisture content - Soil moisture monitoring - Soil roughness - Soil temperature - Thermal infrared remote sensing
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 641.1 Thermodynamics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20110213569091Title:Event-based dimensionless models for runoff of Chabagou watersheds
Authors:Zhou, Lingwei (1); Lei, Tingwu (1); Wu, Yang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Lei, T.
 (ddragon@public3.bta.net.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:54-60
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to establish the prediction models of the event-based runoff in small watersheds, the observed event-based runoff data of 10 years from 4 Chabagou watersheds were used to analyze the effects of rainfalls and landforms on runoff. It was found that such factors as the maximum rainfalls and intensities in 30 minutes, the gradient of main channels, the areas of watershed, and the ratios of watershed lengths to widths were key factors which affect runoff. Dimensionless parameters and step-wise regression were used to quantify the parameters of the event-based runoff model. The established model used few parameters with simple structure. The featured with clearly defined physical meanings with 70% of prediction accuracy, which could supply a basis for further research of models for watershed runoff prediction.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Runoff
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Landforms - Mathematical models - Models - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Dimensionless - Dimensionless models - Dimensionless parameters - Event-based - Key factors - Physical meanings - Prediction accuracy - Prediction model - Runoff data - Runoff model - Simple structures - Small watersheds - Stepwise regression - Watershed runoff
Classification code:444.1 Surface Water - 481.1 Geology - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.054
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20110213569106Title:Seeding experiments of suction cylinder-seeder with socket-slot
Authors:Zuo, Yanjun (1); Ma, Xu (1); Qi, Long (1); Yu, Dalue (2); Liao, Xinglong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Topsearch Printed Circuits Shenzhen Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China
Corresponding author:Ma, X.
 (maxu1959@scau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:141-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to achieve the nursing seedlings of super hybrid rice for factory production, and assure its working performance, the suction cylinder-seeder with socket-slot for experiment was designed and produced. The super hybrid rice Peizataifeng was selected as experimental object, and the effects of socket radius, slot width, vacuum and cylinder speed on cavity rate, reseeding rate and qualified rate of seeding were studied by the four factors and three-level orthogonal experimental method. Results indicated that the orders affecting cavity rate and qualified rate was socket radius > vacuum > cylinder speed > slot width, and the order affecting reseeding rate was socket radius > cylinder speed > slot width > vacuum. The optimal parameter combination was socket radius with 5.5 mm, vacuum with 4 kPa, cylinder speed with 0.82 rad/s and slot width with 1 mm. The cavity rate, reseeding rate and qualified rate of seeding were 4.88%, 9.78% and 85.34% respectively under condition of the optimal parameters. Although seeding performance should be further improved, the slots are never plugged, which shows that the seeder is a precision seeding device with good application prospect.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Cylinders (shapes) - Experiments - Nursing - Optimization - Vacuum
Uncontrolled terms:Application prospect - Experimental methods - Optimal parameter - Optimal parameter combinations - Seeding for nursing seedling of super hybrid rice - Seeding performance - Slot width - Socket-slot - Suction cylinder - Three-level
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 633 Vacuum Technology - 461.7 Health Care - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20110213569123Title:Life cycle energy conservation and emissions reduction benefits of rural household biogas project
Authors:Wang, Mingxin (1); Xia, Xunfeng (2); Chai, Yuhong (1); Liu, Jianguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (2) China Environmental Science Research Institute, Beijing 100012, China
Corresponding author:Wang, M.
 (wmxcau@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:245-250
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The calculation and evaluation of energy conservation and emissions reduction benefits of the rural household biogas project and its up stream and down stream sectors can provide decision making basis for whole process environmental management of the rural household biogas project and rural renewable energy development. In this paper, life cycle assessment method was established with inventory of a typical 8 m3 rural household biogas project and then the net energy conservation and emission reduction benefits were calculated and evaluated. The results showed that the life cycle reduction potentials of eutrophication, acidification, energy depletion, greenhouse effect, human toxicity and photochemical oxidation impacts of a typical 8 m3 household biogas project accounted for 84.84%, 54.37%, 39.16%, 27.67%, 19.35% and 5.55% of the relevant environmental impact potential per capita in the world in 2000, showing a significant net energy conservation and emissions reduction benefits. Therefore, the development of rural household biogas project plays a significant role in alleviating the fossil energy shortage situation and controlling the agricultural non-point source pollution in rural areas.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Life cycle
Controlled terms:Biogas - Carbon dioxide - Decision making - Emission control - Energy conservation - Environmental impact - Environmental management - Eutrophication - Global warming - Greenhouse effect - Hydraulics - Pulp manufacture - Renewable energy resources - Rural areas
Uncontrolled terms:Down stream - Emission reduction - Emissions reduction - Energy depletion - Fossil energy - Household biogas project - Human toxicity - Inventory analysis - Life-cycle assessments - Non-point source pollution - Per capita - Photochemical oxidation - Renewable energy development - Rural households - Up stream - Whole process
Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 912.2 Management - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 811.1.1 Papermaking Processes - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 632.1 Hydraulics - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 522 Gas Fuels - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 453 Water Pollution - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 451 Air Pollution
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20110213569133Title:Fractal characteristics of vertical landscape of soil erosion in the Yimeng mountainous area
Authors:Wang, Yao (1); Liu, Qianjin (1); Yu, Xingxiu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi 276000, China; (2) Linyi Normal University Experimental Center, Linyi 276000, China; (3) School of Chemistry and Resources Environmentn, Linyi Normal University, Linyi 276000, China
Corresponding author:Yu, X.
 (xxy2000@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:304-309
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Taking the Yimeng mountainous area, one of the most representative area of the Rocky Area of Northern China, as a case study, according to the Standards for Classification and Gradation of Soil Erosion (SL190-2007), supported by the technology of GIS and RS and the data of Landsat TM image and relief map, this study aimed to explore the fractal characteristics of the vertical landscape of soil erosion in the Rocky Area of Northern China. The vertical landscape of soil erosion was divided to 16 belts with the elevation range of 50 m. The perimeter-area fractal dimension (D) was calculated by the software of Fragstats ver 3.3, and the landscape stability index (SI) was obtained form D. The results showed that there was obvious variability of the soil erosion landscape in vertical dimension. In the landscape level, D increased dramatically at first and then slightly, while SI decreased quickly at first and then slowly. In the class level, as to the whole study area, the sequence of D values of the soil erosion intensity types from large to small was that of moderate, slight, intense, very intense, sever and minimal. And the sequence of SI was that of minimal, sever, very intense, moderate, intense and slight. With elevation rising, the D value of the soil erosion intensity type of minimal, intense, very intense and the slight in higher elevation tended to increase and the SI vice versa. As to the D and SI of the slight and sever type, the values inclined to reduced, while to the moderate type on the higher elevation, D and SI tended to increase. These indicated that in the lower elevation areas, the human activities disturbed landscape pattern and stability further than natural factors on the higher (intense and very intense) soil erosion intensity landscape types. While in the higher areas, the pattern and stability of the lower (moderate and slight) soil erosion intensity landscapes were impacted greater by natural factors.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Erosion
Controlled terms:Fractal dimension - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Class level - Fractal characteristics - FRAGSTATS - Human activities - Landsat TM images - Landscape level - Landscape pattern - Landscape type - Mountainous area - Natural factors - Northern China - Soil erosion - Stability indices - Study areas - Vertical dimensions
Classification code:407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.052
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20110213569124Title:Effects comparison on anti-slagging additives of corn straw biomass pellet fuel
Authors:Yuan, Yanwen (1); Zhao, Lixin (1); Meng, Haibo (1); Lin, Cong (2); Tian, Yishui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Tian, Y.
 (yishuit@yahoo.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:251-255
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the slagging problems of the stalks-based biomass pellet fuel, through adding four kinds of additives into corn stalks, the experimental research of the slagging percentage, ash melting and fuel characteristics, together with the validation tests were conducted in this paper. The results showed that 3% of MgCO<inf>3</inf>, CaCO<inf>3</inf> and Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> could change slagging effectively, among which MgCO<inf>3</inf> had the best effects, the slagging rate was approximately zero; CaCO<inf>3</inf> could result in the highest efficiency in anti-slagging. The slagging rate was less than 10%. Adding additives had no apparent influence on the fuel combustion characteristics. The results can provide a basis for solving the slagging problems of the corn stalks-based solid fuel.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Fuels
Controlled terms:Biomass - Pelletizing
Uncontrolled terms:Ash melting - Biomass pellet fuels - Corn stalk - Corn straws - Experimental research - Fuel characteristics - Fuel combustion - Slagging - Solid bio-fuels - Solid fuels - Stalkstraw - Validation test
Classification code:522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 802.3 Chemical Operations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20110213569090Title:Optimal irrigation amount for cotton field considering environmental benefits in Tarim irrigation area
Authors:An, Qiaoxia (1); Sun, Sanmin (1); Ye, Hanchun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
Corresponding author:Ye, H.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:49-53
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide bases for determining the suitable irrigation amount for cotton fields in Tarim irrigation area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, a field experiment was conducted. The relationships between the different irrigation amount (8100, 6600, 5100, 3600 m3/hm2) and cotton yield, the different irrigation amount and soil leakage water amount, the different irrigation amount and total nitrogen (TN) leaching loss amount were studied. The suitable irrigation amount was confirmed considering the economic and environmental benefits according to the analysis of the employing expenses-benefit law. Under this experimental conditions, the results showed that TN leaching loss varied from 3.3 kg/hm2 to 28.4 kg/hm2. The relationship between soil leakage water amount and irrigation amount was linear, soil leakage water amount varied from 672 m3/hm2 to 2243 m3/hm2. There was quadratic regression correlation between cotton yield and irrigation amount, the maximum yield was 1765 kg/hm2 when irrigation amount was 6937 m3/hm2. Therefore, when irrigation amount attained to certain amount, cotton yield decreased while the total nitrogen leaching loss amount increased with the increase of irrigation amount. Optimal irrigation amount of cotton field was 6651 m3/hm2 considering the economic and environmental benefits under this experimental conditions.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Water management
Controlled terms:Cotton - Environmental impact - Environmental impact assessments - Environmental regulations - Irrigation - Isomers - Leaching - Leakage (fluid) - Nitrogen - Optimization - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Cotton yield - Economic and environmental benefits - Environmental benefits - Experimental conditions - Field experiment - Irrigation area - Leaching loss - Quadratic regression - Total nitrogen - Water amount - Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region - Yield
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 446 Waterworks - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20110213569143Title:Air impingement drying characteristics and process optimization of chestnut
Authors:Lou, Zheng (1); Gao, Zhenjiang (1); Xiao, Hongwei (1); Wang, Xiaotuo (1); Li, Wei (1); Sun, Xinchao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Gao, Z.
 (zjgao@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:368-373
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the problems of drying in chestnut depth processing, air impingement drying technology was applied to chestnut drying in this paper. The drying characteristics of chestnut were investigated under different air temperatures (70, 75, 80 and 85°C) and air velocities (10, 12, 14 and 16 m/s). According to results of single factor tests, an orthogonal experiment was designed with the influential factors of air temperatures, air velocities and pretreatment (no blanching, 100°C hot water blanching and 100°C steam blanching). The results showed that the whole drying process belong to in the falling rate period, and the effect of drying temperature and air velocity on the drying rate was significant, while the effect of drying temperature was more significant than air velocity. The order of the parameters of the orthogonal experiment for increasing the L*, the b* and the sensory score of chestnut was air temperature > air velocity > pretreatment, and for decreasing the drying time of chestnut was air temperature > air velocity > pretreatment. The optimum processing parameters after orthogonal optimization were 100°C steam blanching, 80°C and 14 m/s as its pretreatment, drying temperature and air velocity, respectively. This research can provide technical basis for applying the air impingement drying technology of chestnut.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Air - Atmospheric temperature - Blanching - Curing - Experiments - Fruits - Optimization - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Air velocities - Belong to - Drying characteristics - Drying process - Drying rates - Drying technology - Drying temperature - Drying time - Falling-rate period - Hot water - Influential factors - Optimum processing - Orthogonal experiment - Pre-Treatment - Process optimization - Sensory scores
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 901.3 Engineering Research - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 642.1 Process Heating - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.062
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20110213569118Title:Study and application of early warning architecture of animal health culture
Authors:Chen, Changxi (1); Zhang, Hongfu (2); Wang, Zhaoyi (1); Wang, Yiding (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Computer Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China; (2) Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (3) Department of Information Science Technology, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, H.
 (zhanghf6565@vip.sina.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:215-220
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to realize the targets of animal health culture, which including animal health, human being health and environment health, early warning architecture contents of animal health culture was put forward. Taking the pork as an example, pork price early warning system model was established based on BP neural networks and the system platform was designed and implemented by combined programming of C# and MATLAB. Early warning system of chicken products quality and breeding disease was implemented by using Java EE architecture in taking the broiler as an example. Early warning system of natural environment was designed with C# language according to both animal manure excretion and theoretical stocking rate of natural grassland in a certain area. Early warning system of environment parameters in intensive culture was implemented by using of embedded program design. When the fluctuation range of pork price exceeds 15%, daily mortality of broilers and complaint rate of chicken products exceed prescribed threshold, breeding number of animal is more than theoretic capacity of natural environment, breeding environment parameters exceed the set range, the early-warning messages would be sent. Early-warning of animal price and capacity of natural environment can provide the basis for government administrators and guide animal production, the economic loss and environmental damage would be avoidable by reducing price fluctuation and excessive breeding. Early-warning of animal products quality, epidemic and environment parameters of animal culture, from all the aspects of production management, can ensure the safety of animal products and also improve the animal welfare.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Animals
Controlled terms:Architecture - Costs - Health - Industrial management - Manures - Meats - Network architecture - Neural networks - Quality control - Veterinary medicine
Uncontrolled terms:Animal health - Animal manure - Animal production - Animal products - Animal welfare - BP neural networks - Breeding environments - Early warning - Early Warning System - Economic loss - Environmental damage - Health and environment - Human being - Natural environments - Natural grassland - Price fluctuation - Product quality - Production management - Products quality - Program design - Study and applications - System platforms
Classification code:913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 912.2 Management - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 822.3 Food Products - 822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 814 Leather and Tanning - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 402 Buildings and Towers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20110213569085Title:Measurement of soil water content by time domain reflectometry in non-uniformly wetted soils
Authors:Li, Zizhong (1); Zheng, Rumei (1); Gong, Yuanshi (1); Wang, Yiming (2); Yang, Xinming (1); Wang, Kedong (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Li, Z.
 (zizhong@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:19-23
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to evaluate the performance of a newly developed time domain reflectometry (TDR) by measuring soil water content in the non-uniformly wetted soils, soil column was vertically divided into two layers in the laboratory, and the differences of soil water content between upper and lower layers were designed as 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 cm3/cm3, and soil water content was measured under the conditions of different water content gradients, furthermore, the field test was also conducted to study the performance of the reflectometry in the non-uniformly wetted soils. Results showed that the new TDR could be used for measuring soil water content in the non-uniformly wetted soils and the root mean square error (RMSE) was less than 0.028 cm3/cm3. The RMSE increased as the differences of soil water content between upper layer and lower layer increased in the laboratory experiments. In field, when soil water content gradients of wet/dry and dry/wet were 0.011-0.026 and 0.026-0.064 cm3/ cm3, the RMSE was 0.037 and 0.027 cm3/cm3, respectively. The new TDR instrument can be used for measuring water content accurately in the non-uniformly wetted soils.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Water content
Controlled terms:Permittivity measurement - Reflection - Reflectometers - Soil moisture - Time domain analysis - Underwater soils - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Field test - In-field - Laboratory experiments - Nonuniform - Reflectometry - Root mean square errors - Soil column - Soil water content - Time domain - Time Domain Reflectometry - Two layers - Upper layer - Water content gradient - Wetted soils
Classification code:942.2 Electric Variables Measurements - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 921 Mathematics - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20110213569114Title:Matching method of parallel multi-ocular image for corn canopy
Authors:Zhu, Jingfu (1); Li, Minzan (2); Zhang, Yane (2); Zhao, Ruijiao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information Technology, Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (2) Key laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Li, M.
 (limz@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:189-193
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A image matching model of parallel multi-ocular is introduced. The camera is rectangle arranged four channel multi-spectral camera, the four channels is R, G, B and NIR respectively. The corn canopy images in field are captured by the camera, and the distance between the camera and the corn canopy is about 0.5 m. The features of the images are analysed, and a new matching method of images is proposed. One channel image act as source, others as destination, and the edge points of the corn leaf in source image are source feature points, feature vector of each point is composed by 18 directional derivatives. After that, the destination feature point is searched in destination image. In a local area of destination image, if the intersection angle of edges that point and source point located is smaller than one threshold, and the distance between feature vector of the point and source feature vector is minimum among all of them, then the point is matched destination feature point, and the feature points pair set is constructed. Each five non-co-linear feature point's pair in above set can construct one affine transform. Averaging all such affine transforms, the affine transform from destination image to source image is constructed, and the match of two images is finished. This method is suitable for irregular object, complicated background, and the object change a lot in different channel.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Image processing
Controlled terms:Cameras - Feature extraction - Image matching - Imaging techniques
Uncontrolled terms:Affine transform - Complicated backgrounds - Corn canopy - Destination image - Directional derivative - Edge point - Feature point - Feature vectors - Four-channel - In-field - Intersection angles - Irregular objects - Linear feature - Matching methods - Multi-spectral cameras - Ocular images - Ocular imaging - Source features - Source images - Source points
Classification code:716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 742.2 Photographic Equipment - 746 Imaging Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20110213569132Title:Land use change in loess hilly region based on CA-Markov model
Authors:Liu, Shuyan (1); Yu, Xinxiao (1); Li, Qingyun (1); Li, Hongyu (1); Lei, Fengyan (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) River Engineers Development Center, Beijing 100053, China; (3) Green Food Development Center in Tongliao, Tongliao 028000, China
Corresponding author:Yu, X.
 (yuxinxiao@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:297-303
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the law of land use change and driving mechanism in loess hilly region, based on Landsat TM remote sensing images in 1986 and 2001, distributions of land use patterns were analyzed, and distribution of land use spatial patterns in 2016 had been forecast by using the CA-Markov model. The results showed that land use structure was mainly dominated by slope land before 1986, which occupied 59.67% of the total area, secondly was terrace, grassland and forest. The forest land and the terrace had increased obviously from 1986 to 2001, while slope land reduced evidently, and other land uses had no changes. With regard to single land use type dynamic, the land use type that increased markedly in area had high dynamic degree simultaneously, therefore, the dynamic degree of terrace was the biggest, which achieved to 15.09, the second was forest land. By using CA-Markov model, the predictive results indicated that the land use changes during 2001-2016 period were similar to that during 1986-2001, that is, in general slope farmland would continue to reduce in some degree, while forest land and terrace kept increasing, but the slope farmland reduced slowly compared to that from 1986 to 2001. This is mainly because other slope farmland are restricted by a series factors such as site conditions and the special policies, with regard to other land uses, the mutual conversions present a stable dynamic change for their relatively small area. Land use and land cover pattern can be adjusted according to the simulation results, which may serve as a scientific basis for land planning and management.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Cellular automata - Farms - Forestry - Image reconstruction - Landforms - Markov processes - Pattern recognition systems - Planning - Remote sensing - Soil conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Driving mechanism - Dynamic changes - Forest land - High dynamic - Land planning - Land use and land cover - Land use pattern - Land use type - Land-use change - LANDSAT TM - Loess hilly region - Markov model - Region-based - Remote sensing images - Simulation result - Site conditions - Small area - Spatial patterns
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 921 Mathematics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 481.1 Geology - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.051
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20110213569115Title:NDVI variation and coupling analysis with climate change in northwest of China based on GIS and RS
Authors:Wang, Haijun (1); Jin, Xiaohua (2); Li, Hailong (1); Zhang, Bo (3); Dai, Shengpei (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering and Technical College of Chengdu University of Technology, Leshan 614007, China; (2) Key Lab of Marine Remote Sensing Science and Marine Dynamic Information System Technology, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China; (3) College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Corresponding author:Wang, H.
 (wanghaibo.2006@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:194-203
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The paper researched temporal-spatial variation of NDVI and analyzed coupling with climate changes in the northwest of China from 1982 to 2006 years based on the GIS and remote sencing. The results show that the NDVI of alpine meadow and deciduous needle-leaf forests increased with a rate of p=0.21%/10 a, the NDVI was ascending (p=0.27%/10 a) which attributed to the growing season delayed. Air temperature increased in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the south of Tianshan mountains in spring and northern Xinjiang\Hanzhong in autumn, and the range of variation of precipitation was great in boundary of semi-humid and semi-arid. The correlation coefficient was 0.62 between NDVI and temperature in the Yellow River and Yangtze River source regions. There was a great correlations between NDVI and precipitation in Hexi-Alxa\southern Xinjiang with a coefficient of 0.65. NDVI decline was attributed to precipitation too much in the Hanzhong, Qilian, Tianshan mountains in summer and autumn; NDVI of the cold regions was more sensitive to the changes of temperature and the NDVI was not raised sharply until the average monthly temperature reached to 8°C. NDVI began to decline when the temperature was more than 22°C. The NDVI came to the peak with temperature rising (19-20°C) in the non-cold and arid regions. NDVI was linear increment with the rising of precipitation, if the temperature conditions met the needs of vegetation growth in the cold region .The threshold value of monthly precipitation was 60 mm (start) and 220 mm (stop) in the arid region; The changing of NDVI was lag when the air temperature and precipitation changed in North of China.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Climate change
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Atmospheric temperature - Landforms - Remote sensing - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:A-coefficient - Air temperature - Alpine meadow - Cold regions - Correlation coefficient - Coupling analysis - GIS - Growing season - Linear increment - NDVI - Northwest of China - Qinghai Tibet plateau - Semi arid - Source region - Spatial variations - Temperature conditions - Temperature rising - Tianshan - Vegetation growth - Xinjiang - Yangtze River - Yellow river
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 444 Water Resources - 481.1 Geology - 731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20110213569113Title:Predicting grain yield of irrigation-land and dry-land winter wheat based on remote sensing data and meteorological data
Authors:Feng, Meichen (1); Xiao, Lujie (1); Yang, Wude (1); Ding, Guangwei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Agronomy College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (2) Department of Chemistry, Northern State University, Aberdeen, SD 57401, United States
Corresponding author:Yang, W.
 (sxauywd@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:183-188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The relationship between NDVI and grain yield was studied using remote sensing data at the different stages of winter wheat in Yuncheng region, and spectral yield model, meteorological yield model and spectrometeorological yield model were built. The results showed that the correlation between NDVI value of winter wheat in irrigation and dry-land on approximately May 8th and yield in Yuncheng region was the highest and extremely significant, so this period was the optimum period to establish remote sensing model of estimating yields in Yuncheng region. The spectral, meteorology and spectrometeorological yield models passed F test, and there were extremely significant level. Compared with other models, RRMSE and RE of spectrometeorological yield model apparently declined and the declining range was large, revealing better anticipating effect of spectrometeorological yield model compared to the model of spectrum. Remote sensing estimating value of average yield per unit was slightly larger than statistical value, while yield-estimating precision in dry-land was 80.91% and yield-estimating precision in irrigation-land was 87.72%. Estimating values of total yield were slightly higher than statistical values, where yield-estimating precision in dry-land was 99.20% and 80.54% in irrigation-land.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Estimation - Irrigation - Meteorology - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Average yield - Grain yield - Meteorological data - Per unit - Remote sensing data - Remote sensing models - Spectrum - Total yield - Winter wheat - Yield - Yield models
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20110213569120Title:Aspect ratio and spacing optimization of a solar flat-plate collector unit
Authors:Wei, Shengxian (1); Li, Ming (1); Ji, Xu (1); Lin, Wenxian (1); Zheng, Tufeng (3); Li, Guoliang (3); Luo, Xi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunmin 650092, China; (2) College of Physics and Electric Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (3) School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
Corresponding author:Li, M.
 (lmllldy@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:225-230
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To reduce shading-loss by sidewalls of a flat-plate collector unit, the mathematic model of mean effective heat-absorption area coefficient was built by using geometric optics. The variations of annual mean effective area coefficient with aspect ratio (AR), spacing, tilt angle, and latitude were analyzed using this model. The results show that the mean effective area coefficient decreases as the spacing increase; especially for larger AR. It is adverse to improve the mean effective area coefficient when the tilt angle is less than 15° or greater than 75°. For convenient applied in practice, critical spacing values are given with over 0.90 of annual mean effective area coefficient. In view of the reasonable spacing of 4-6 cm for smaller convective heat-loss, the reasonable AR &le 2/1 and the maximum plate spacing of 5.8, 5.4, 4.7 and 4.2 cm are recommended for a collector unit used in 20° N, 30° N, 40° N and 50° N regions. The corresponding annual effective area coefficients are greater than 0.90. In the design stages of the flat-plate collector unit, the convective heat-loss and shading-loss can be minimized based on the results of this work.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Aspect ratio
Controlled terms:Dust collectors - Geometrical optics - Heat convection - Optimization - Solar collectors - Solar heating
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption areas - Annual mean - Convective heat - Critical spacing - Design stage - Effective area - Flat-plate collector - Geometric optics - Mathematic model - Plate spacing - Tilt angle
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 741.1 Light/Optics - 702.3 Solar Cells - 643.1 Space Heating - 641.2 Heat Transfer
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20110213569111Title:Smart water-saving irrigation system in precision agriculture based on wireless sensor network
Authors:Xiao, Kehui (1); Xiao, Deqin (1); Luo, Xiwen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Luo, X.
 (xwluo@scau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:170-175
Language:English
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on investigation and applications in precision agriculture, a self-designed moisture wireless sensor was presented in the paper, a wireless sensor network was established for monitoring moisture content and water height of field soil. The architecture of the wireless sensor network was constructed, and the smart irrigation control system was designed based on the network. The irrigation test was implemented by real-time moisture data and expert data. The system was proved to be applicable and feasible for applying in the rice growth process and to be a good exploration in the field of precision agriculture and sustainable water resources.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Moisture control
Controlled terms:Control theory - Irrigation - Network architecture - Remote control - Sensor networks - Water conservation - Water content - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Field soil - Growth process - Moisture contents - Moisture data - Precision agriculture - Smart irrigation control system - Sustainable water resources - Water-saving irrigation - Wireless sensor
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20110213569137Title:Eggshell crack detection based on information fusion between computer vision and acoustic response
Authors:Pan, Leiqing (1); Tu, Kang (1); Zhan, Ge (1); Liu, Ming (1); Zou, Xiurong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Tu, K.
 (kangtu@njau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:332-337
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to increase the detection accuracy of eggshell crack, information fusion technology of computer vision and acoustic response was introduced for eggshell crack detection. An experimental system including computer vision system and acoustic response system was built up. Firstly, the acoustic response signals were captured and analyzed, then six variables including the dominant response frequency (f<inf>1</inf>, f<inf>2</inf>, f<inf>3</inf>, f<inf>4</inf>), the mean value of coefficient of skewness (CS), and the mean value of coefficient of excess (CE) were extracted after eggs was impacted four times on eggshell equator. With the six variables as inputs, 6-15-1 BP neural network was built to detect eggshell cracks. Secondly, the eggshell images were captured and processed through computer vision system, and five geometrical characteristic parameters of crack and noise regions of eggshell images were extracted. With the five variables including area (A), roundness (R), major axis (Max), minor axis (Min) and the quotient of long path and short path (LS) as inputs, 5-10-1 BP neural network was developed to detect cracks and classify eggs. Finally, the eggshell cracks were evaluated based on the difference of detecting results between computer vision technique and acoustic response technique. The results showed that the detection accuracy of cracked eggs were 92% and 68% respectively by computer vision technique and acoustic response technique. However, the accuracy equaled to 98% by the information infusion of two techniques. The information fusion technology was better than single technique, and the method based on the information fusion of computer vision and acoustic response was applicable for detecting egg cracks.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Computer vision
Controlled terms:Computer networks - Crack detection - Frequency response - Information fusion - Neural networks
Uncontrolled terms:Acoustic response - Artificial Neural Network - BP neural networks - Computer vision system - Computer vision techniques - Detection - Detection accuracy - Eggshell - Experimental system - Geometrical characteristics - Information fusion technology - Long-path - Major axis - Mean values - Minor axis - Noise regions - Response frequency - Short-path
Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 717 Optical Communication
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.056
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20110213569116Title:3D-reconstruction and volume measurement of fruit tree canopy based on ultrasonic sensors
Authors:Yu, Long (1); Hong, Tiansheng (1); Zhao, Zuoxi (1); Huang, Jian (1); Zhang, Lin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, Z.
 (zhao_zuoxi@hotmail.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:204-208
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To suppress the effects on orchard tree canopy measuring of uneven ground and deviation in driving path from the centerline between two rows, RTK-DGPS and AHRS (attitude heading reference system) were used with ultrasonic transducer array to obtain the three-dimension data in terms of the geodetic coordinates of each detected point on the tree canopy through rotations and translations of relevant coordinate system. 3-D reconstruction and volume measuring of fruit tree canopy were conducted on a PC with matlab software. The structure and work theory of the measuring system were introduced in detail. Experiments were conducted in lichee orchard, where 15 trees with different heights and canopy volumes were measured three times using the designed system. Another 56 trees were measured by the system and manual method separately and their results were compared. Experimental results showed that the repeatability of the system was high (R2=0.9341, RMSE=1.22 m3), and the calculated volume results were consistent with manual measurements (R2=0.8972, RMSE=1.766 m3). The effectiveness of this method indicates that the designed system can be used in 3-D reconstruction and the canopy volume measurement of trees in orchard.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Three dimensional
Controlled terms:Fruits - Orchards - Titration - Trees (mathematics) - Ultrasonic sensors - Ultrasonic transducers - Ultrasonics - Volume measurement
Uncontrolled terms:3D reconstruction - AHRS - Centerlines - Co-ordinate system - Different heights - Fruit tree canopy - Fruit trees - Geodetic coordinates - Manual methods - Matlab- software - Measuring systems - Reference systems - Three-dimension - Tree canopy - Ultrasonic transducer array - Work theory
Classification code:921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 753.2 Ultrasonic Devices - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 801 Chemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20110213569097Title:Three-dimensional stochastic simulation and uncertainty assessment on spatial distribution of soil salinity in coastal region
Authors:Yao, Rongjiang (1); Yang, Jingsong (1); Zhao, Xiufang (1); Li, Xiaoming (1); Liu, Meixian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.
 (jsyang@issas.ac.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:91-97
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to illustrate the three-dimensional spatial pattern of soil salinity in coastal zones and provide relevant practical method and technical route, ordinary kriging and stochastic simulation method were applied to the estimation, simulation, comparison and uncertainty analysis of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of coastal soil salinity. The study was performed in typical farmlands of coastal reclamation zone in north Jiangsu Province, China. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of soil salinity generated by ordinary kriging was continuous and smooth, and the spatial variability of the kriging salinity data was reduced with the spatial structure changed, while the spatial distribution of soil salinity generated by the SGS (sequential Gaussian simulation) was discrete and fluctuant. Soil salinity increased with the depth in soil solum across the study area and the risk of secondary-salinization was observed. The probability of soil salinization risk decreased since reclamation, and high probability region of slightly and medium salinized soil was the main area for amelioration and utilization. The study showed that stochastic simulation method revealed the three-dimensional spatial variability of soil attributes more truly than ordinary kriging method, and the research results can provide countermeasures to the management and utilization of salt-affected land in coastal reclamation zone.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Coastal engineering - Coastal zones - Interpolation - Land reclamation - Reclamation - Salinity measurement - Soils - Spatial variables measurement - Stochastic models - Stochastic systems - Three dimensional - Uncertainty analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Coastal regions - Coastal soils - High probability - Jiangsu province - Kriging - Management and utilization - Ordinary kriging - Practical method - Research results - Sequential Gaussian simulation - Soil salinity - Soil salinization - Spatial distribution - Spatial patterns - Spatial structure - Spatial variability - Stochastic simulations - Study areas - Technical route - Uncertainty assessment
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 922.1 Probability Theory - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 407.3 Coastal Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20110213569109Title:Variation characteristic of stalk penetration strength of maize with different density-tolerance varieties
Authors:Gou, Ling (1); Huang, Jianjun (2); Sun, Rui (1); Ding, Zaisong (1); Dong, Zhiqiang (1); Zhao, Ming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, M.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:156-162
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Enhancement of biomechanical stalk strength is a key pathway to improve lodging resistance in modern maize (Zea mays L.) production. Four maize varieties were used to investigate the effects of planting density on stalk penetration strength as well as agronomic traits of maize stalk. The four maize varieties were differing in lodging resistance, i. e. JK 518 and JK 519 (low density-tolerance and lodging resistant), CS 1 (high density-tolerance and lodging resistant) and ND 108 (moderate density-tolerance). Five levels of density treatment were imposed, 3.00, 5.25, 7.50, 9.25, and 12.00 × 104 plants/hm2, respectively). The results indicated that the stalk rind penetration strength (RPS) was enhanced with growing of maize. There was difference of stalk RPS in years, and planting densities, respectively, between maize varieties differing in density-tolerance. With the rising of internodes position, stalk RPS were decreased significantly, which fitted a quadratic function curve (y = a + bx + cx2). Furthermore, the difference of stalk RPS between varieties differing in density-tolerance was present at internodes below ear, particularly at 3rd to 6th, in the tasselling-silking stag. With increasing planting densities, stalk RPS of base internodes decreased linearly significantly. Therefore, in the pre-tasselling stage, developed early and thicken in stalk wall indicates that stalk RPS was higher. In the silking stage, both shorter internodes below ear and well developed stalk base had the benefit for improving the stalk lodging resistance. In conclusion, that the 7 days before tasselling-silking stag and 3rd to 6th of the base internodes can be used as the suitable test time and sensitive internodes of the stalk of rind penetration strength in lodging resistance identification. This method can evaluate the stalk strength objectively and improve the breeding efficiency of selection varieties with lodging resistance.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Biomechanics - Crops - Stress analysis - Walls (structural partitions)
Uncontrolled terms:Agronomic traits - High density - Lodging resistance - Low density - Maize (Zea mays L.) - Maize stalk - Planting density - Puncture strength - Quadratic function - Stalk - Test time - Variation characteristics
Classification code:402 Buildings and Towers - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.1 Mechanics - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20110213569119Title:Fetal movement detection of live chick embryo development based on vibration signals
Authors:Liang, Sen (1); Liang, Lei (2); Mi, Peng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China; (2) Department of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721007, China
Corresponding author:Liang, S.
 (liangsen98@mailst.xjtu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:221-224
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The monitoring of embryo in the period of egg's incubation is very important for the development of poultry industries. A monitoring system was devised, which can extract the heartbeat signals of the chick embryos in the period of incubation. A novel semi-invasive method was developed to measure these signals. With this method, it is needed to make a small hole on the top of the egg's air chamber by a pin in order to amplify the heartbeat signals through the egg's air chamber. And then a piece of thin tinfoil is pasted on the small hole, and the transducer of displacement is employed to measure the vibration of thin tinfoil. So the embryo can be inspected whether alive or not by the signals. Taking advantages of high reliability and simple operation, the system can be used to identify the live bird embryos without affecting the development of embryos. This research can provide a foundation for further exploring the automatic monitoring of the process of embryonic development.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Signal detection
Controlled terms:Monitoring - Signal processing
Uncontrolled terms:Air chambers - Automatic monitoring - Chick embryo - Embryonic development - Fetal movements - Heartbeat signals - High reliability - Identification - Invasive methods - Monitoring system - Poultry industry - Simple operation - Small Hole - Vibration - Vibration signal
Classification code:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20110213569112Title:Selection of optimum phase for yield estimation of three major crops based on HJ-1 satellite images
Authors:Ou, Wenhao (1); Su, Wei (1); Xue, Wenzhen (1); Xia, Xiaolong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Collage of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Su, W.
 (suwei7963@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:176-182
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For precisely estimating crop yield by remote sensing data, selection of the optimum phase is one of the key links. In this study, China HJ-1 satellite CCD images were used for the estimation of three major crops (rice, corn, soybean) in 852 farm of Heilongjiang Province. Through wavelet transform filter and NDVI time series data of auto regressive moving average method, the optimum phase of estimation was established based on smoothed NDVI time series curves of 852 farm. Results showed that the fitting error for rice was -0.003356508, and it was -0.001687117 for corn and -0.002530646 for soybean, respectively. The smoothed NDVI time series curves match the local phenology ideally, and the optimum phase for yield estimation of three major crops can be determined by fitting curves.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Wavelet transforms
Controlled terms:Crops - Curve fitting - Estimation - Metadata - Remote sensing - Time series
Uncontrolled terms:Autoregressive moving average - CCD images - Crop yield - Fitting curves - Fitting error - Key links - NDVI - NDVI time series - Optimum phase - Remote sensing data - Satellite images - Yield - Yield estimation
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20110213569127Title:Corn straw expansion pretreatment to improve enzymolysis reducing sugar yield
Authors:Kou, Wei (1); Zhao, Yong (1); Yan, Changguo (1); Li, Shimi (1); Zhang, Xiaojian (1); Zhang, Dalei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Liaoning Institute of Energy Resource, Yingkou 115003, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.
 (daleizhang@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:265-269
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve fermentable reducing sugar yield of corn straw, corn straw lignocellulose was pretreated by expansion technology. Scanning electron microscope pictures showed that the corn straw fibre bundle was destroyed and the wrapped function of lignin was weaken, so that to improve space effect of cellulase. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that some hemicellulose and small amounts of lignin were hydrolysed. X-ray diffraction showed the crystalline degree of cellulose decreased by 12.68%, respectively. By means of further cellulose enzyme solution experiment, expansion treatment of raw material's enzymolysis time could be reduced 16 h. Without expansion material's reducing sugar productivity was 13.48%, and expanded material's reducing sugar productivity was 24.91%. The results show that the expansion pretreatment technology can obviously increase the corn straw lignocellulose energy-oriented utilization efficiency. The experiment provided a basis for further research on expanded corn straw enzymolysis.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Cellulose
Controlled terms:Expansion - Experiments - Lignin - Productivity - Scanning electron microscopy - Spectroscopy - Spectrum analysis - Sugar (sucrose) - X ray diffraction
Uncontrolled terms:Corn straws - Crystalline degree - Enzyme solutions - Enzymolysis yield - Fibre bundle - Infrared spectrum - Lignocellulose - Pre-Treatment - Pretreatment technology - Reducing sugars - Scanning Electron Microscope - Space effects - Utilization efficiency
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 901.3 Engineering Research - 822.3 Food Products - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 801 Chemistry - 741.1 Light/Optics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20110213569141Title:Design and effect analysis of citrus ventilating storehouse with refrigerating and wetting systems
Authors:Wang, Rikui (1); Zhou, Lian (1); Han, Aihua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University, Beipei 400712, China
Corresponding author:Wang, R.
 (ewrk@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:355-360
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study energy-saving and efficient techniques for citrus storage, the author developed a new type of storehouse- the ventilating storehouse with refrigerating and wetting systems. The system performance test and storage test were conducted. The thermal resistance of the storehouse was 5.07 m2 &middot °C/W, and the energy consumption was 2.27 kW &middot h/100 m2 &middot h which was 50% of the energy consumption in cold storage. In the storehouse, temperature could fall to -5°C below, control accuracy was ± 0.1°C, humidity could rise to 99% and control accuracy was ± 2%. In the ventilating storehouse with refrigerating and wetting systems, the respiration rate of citrus was 4.29 mg/kg &middot h (for Jinchen) and 2.34 mg/kg &middot h (for Ponkan) respectively, which was lower than that in the simple ventilating storehouse, and the decay rate of citrus was less, which was 6.32% (for Jinchen store 150 days) and 5.38% (for Ponkan store 120 days) respectively, and the quality and the flavor were better. After 150 days storage for Jinchen, organic acid was 0.58 g/100 mL, sugar was 8.33 g/100 mL, vitamin C was 41.11 mg/100 mL, after 120 days storage for Ponkan, organic acid was 0.22 g/100 mL, sugar was 6.41 g/100 mL, vitamin C was 15.62 mg/100 mL. The results show that the ventilating storehouse with refrigerating and wetting systems are an energy-saving and good effect storage facility, in which the temperature decrease with nature cold source or refrigerating system, and humidity increase in the storage.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Refrigeration
Controlled terms:Cold storage - Decay (organic) - Energy conservation - Energy utilization - Fruits - Humidity control - Organic acids - Sugar (sucrose) - Ventilation - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Citrus fruit - Control accuracy - Decay rate - Effect analysis - Energy consumption - Energy saving - Performance tests - Refrigerating systems - Respiration rate - Storage - Storage facilities - Storage tests - Temperature decrease - Thermal resistance - Underground ventilating - Ventilating storehouse with refrigerating and wetting systems - Vitamin C
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 694.4 Storage - 644.4 Cryogenics - 643.5 Ventilation - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 402 Buildings and Towers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.060
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20110213569103Title:Analysis and control of abnormal combustion of hydrogen fueled engines based on pressure rise rate
Authors:Yang, Zhenzhong (1); Shi, Sujuan (1); Song, Maojiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Z.
 (yzzho@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:124-129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The mechanism of abnormal combustion of hydrogen fueled engines was discussed in this paper for controlling abnormal combustion of hydrogen fueled engines, and providing references to resolve the contradiction between abnormal combustion and power output. Moreover, the relationship between pre-ignition of hydrogen fueled engine and its pressure rise rate was analyzed, and diagnosed method on the pre-ignition was investigated. The experiment results showed that the time and the severe degree of pre-ignition under different pressure rise rate could be diagnosed by using the wavelet analysis method. Based on the experiment it is found that the most important factors effecting pressure rise rate of hydrogen fueled engines are spark advance and excess air ratio. Finally, the formulae between the pressure rise rate of the engine and spark advance, and between the pressure rise rate of the engine and excess air ratio, were respectively established by data fitting, so that control law about the pressure rise rate of the engine was also formed. This can provide a mensurable method for restraining the abnormal combustion of the engine.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Engines
Controlled terms:Air engines - Electric sparks - Hydrogen - Hydrogen fuels - Ignition - Wavelet analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Abnormal combustion - Control laws - Data fittings - Excess air ratios - Hydrogen-fueled engines - Ignition advance angle - Power out put - Pressure rise - Pressure rise rate - Wavelet analysis method
Classification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 612 Engines - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20110213569098Title:Principal component model and application for technical evaluation index of light and small sprinkler irrigation system
Authors:Zhu, Xingye (1); Yuan, Shouqi (1); Liu, Jianrui (1); Tang, Yue (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, X.
 (xingye488@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:98-102
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To overcome the comprehensive evaluation problems for analysis on light and small sprinkler irrigation system, an idea of principal component analysis (PCA) method was presented, and the mathematical model of comprehensive evaluation was established. Five important single technical indexes, which were used for evaluating its technical characteristic, included irrigated area, irrigated depth, uniformity coefficient and energy consumption. Four light and small sprinkler irrigation systems were evaluated by using the composite model. Results showed the former two principal components contained 98.75% of the information for the five indexes. At last,the composite index rank of the four systems was got by the integrated equation. The mathematical model can be used for comprehensively evaluating the index of light and small sprinkler irrigation system and provide proofs for optimal design of the sprinkler irrigation system.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Mathematical models
Controlled terms:Energy utilization - Principal component analysis - Sprinkler systems (fire fighting) - Sprinkler systems (irrigation)
Uncontrolled terms:Composite index - Composite models - Comprehensive evaluation - Energy consumption - Evaluation index - Integrated equations - Optimal design - Principal component models - Principal Components - Sprinkler irrigation - Sprinkler systems - Technical characteristics - Technical evaluation
Classification code:525.3 Energy Utilization - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 914.2 Fires and Fire Protection - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20110213569110Title:Effects of conservation tillage patterns on content and density of organic carbon of black soil
Authors:Lü, Yizhong (1); Lian, Xiaojuan (2); Zhao, Hong (1); Liu, Wuren (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Resource and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China; (3) Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130124, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, H.
 (zhaohuahua1985@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:163-169
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the long-term (10 years) conservational tillage experiment in Gongzhuling city, the effects of minimal tillage patterns (MTs) and conventional tillage pattern (CT) on soil sequestrated carbon were analyzed. Four tillage patterns were designed as follows: fall moldboard plowing and harrowing ridge (called as CT); fall stubbing ridge (called as MT1); deep loosing tillage (called as MT2); wide-narrow row alternation fallow (called as MT3), the last three minimal tillage patterns were regarded as conservation tillage patterns. Results showed that different tillage patterns had a significant effect on the soil organic carbon for a 10 years tillage experiment. CT and MT1 had the lowest soil organic carbon content in the surface layer (0-20 cm); organic carbon content of MT2 pattern was significantly 13.49%-25.14% lower than that of other tillage patterns in deeper layer (30-50 cm); organic carbon content of MT3 was 0-33.58% higher than that of other tillage patterns. Active and slow organic carbon content of loosing belt of MT3 was 8.06%-48.87% and 0-33.83% higher than that of other patterns, respectively. Soil organic carbon density of MT2 pattern and seeding belt of MT3 pattern was 10.95% lower and 17.13% higher than that of CT; active and slow organic carbon density of seeding belt of MT3 in 20-50 cm was 2.20%-18.85% and 17.00%-29.19% higher than that of other tillage patterns; passive organic carbon density of different tillage patterns had no significant variance. In contrast to CT, different conservation tillage patterns could increase soil organic carbon density or reduce soil organic carbon density. MT3 pattern increases soil organic carbon density through the increasing of soil active and slow organic carbon density, which is the most beneficial tillage pattern for soil organic carbon sequestration and quality improvement of soil organic carbon in northeast region.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Soil conservation - Soil testing - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Active organic carbon - Conservation tillage - Passive organic carbon - Slow organic carbon - Soil organic carbon density
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20110213569130Title:Population control modelling of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee in rice-duck integrated farming system
Authors:Qin, Zhong (1); Zhang, Jiaen (1); Luo, Shiming (1); Zhang, Jin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Ecological Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Key Lab. of Agro-ecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, J.
 (jeanzh@scau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:283-289
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To examine the application prospect of system dynamics approach in pest population optimal management and prediction, population dynamics of the 2nd generation of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee was investigated in this paper. Influences of the dominant predators including spiders and ducks in rice paddy field on Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee were analyzed and a frame model was established. Using the system dynamics method, population dynamics of the Cnaphalocrocis medinali Guenee was simulated and forecasted under different scenarios. Results indicated that with a number of 100 initial eggs and a defined spider density in 12.623 ind/100 hill, the estimated adult Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee population with ducks predation at a constant rate of 60% was 9.129 ind/100 hill. The activities of the ducks reduced the field ovum of 3rd generation by 6.7%. The main conclusion from the model results was that a more effective suppression of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee population could be implemented with optimum combining the function of the spiders and ducks in pest control. The results are expectative to provide worthy informations and scientific guides with rapid and convenient ways.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Population statistics
Controlled terms:Biocontrol - Dynamics - Insect control - Population dynamics - System theory
Uncontrolled terms:Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee - Duck - Population control - Spider - STELLA model
Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics - 961 Systems Science - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.049
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20110213569104Title:Fault diagnosis for engine based on feature fusion
Authors:Xu, Lijia (1); Kang, Zhiliang (1); Huang, Chengti (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Information and Engineering Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; (2) School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Corresponding author:Xu, L.
 (lijiaxu01@sohu.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:130-135
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to achieve higher fault recognition rate of engine, the paper proposed a multi-class feature fusion method which combined B&B algorithm with generalized discriminant analysis (GDA). Firstly, the spectrum feature set and texture feature set were extracted from the vibration signal of engine rotor. Subsequently, B&B algorithm was used to remove the information-lacked features from these feature sets. Finally, the GDA and SVM classifier were used to implement feature fusion and fault recognition. The experiment results indicated that this method can make the fused features contain more category information, and it can reach 98.21% of fault recognition rate for engine rotor fault diagnosis, moreover, it was almost free from the kernel parameter of support vector machine (SVM). While the spectrum features and texture features were directly inputted to SVM classifier, the fault recognition rate can be reached to only 92.86% and 89.29%, respectively. This study provides an effective and useful feature extraction method for engine fault diagnosis.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Feature extraction
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Classifiers - Discriminant analysis - Engines - Plasma diagnostics - Spectrum analysis - Textures
Uncontrolled terms:Fault diagnosis - Fault recognition - Feature extraction methods - Feature fusion - Feature fusion method - Feature sets - Generalized discriminant analysis - Kernel parameter - Multi-class - Rotor fault diagnosis - Spectrum features - SVM classifiers - Texture features - Vibration signal
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 933 Solid State Physics - 932.3 Plasma Physics - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 922 Statistical Methods - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 612 Engines - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20110213569125Title:Effect of micro-aerobic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of organic wastewaters for methane production
Authors:Chen, Wenbin (1); Hu, Qinghao (1); Xu, Guoxiang (1); Ma, Weixin (1); Deng, Yu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical Engineering, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China; (2) Key-Open Laboratory of Microbial Energy and Its Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China
Corresponding author:Hu, Q.
 (huqinghaohhu@sina.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:256-259
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Taking synthetic wastewaters as materials, the effects of micro-aerobic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of organic waste for methane production were investigated in this paper by experiments. The results indicated that micro-aerobic pretreatment before anaerobic digestion could stimulate the activity of the hydrolysis bacteria, thus enhance the acidification of organic substrate and methane fermentation. Methane production was increased by 28% when the wastewater was pretreated for 4 hours under micro-aerobic condition and the maximal methane production rate was also increased by 57.5%. However when the pretreated time was 10 hours, methane production bacteria (MPB) could be poisoned and methane production was greatly decreased. Methane production could not also be increased evidently if the pretreated time was too short. The optimal pretreatment time was 4-6 h. So the micro-aerobic pretreatment process can stimulate the acidification of organic substrate and it may be applied in the anaerobic digestion of complex wastes such as kitchen wastes if the pretreatment time is well controlled.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Bacteriology - Methane - Sewage - Substrates - Wastewater
Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic condition - Aerobic pre-treatment - Kitchen waste - Methane fermentation - Methane production - Organic substrate - Organic wastes - Organic wastewater - Pre-Treatment - Synthetic waste water
Classification code:452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 461.9 Biology - 522 Gas Fuels - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20110213569102Title:Movement mechanism of hydraulic free-piston of engine around bottom dead centre
Authors:Wei, Chao (1); Wu, Wei (1); Jing, Chongbo (1); Yuan, Shihua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Key Laboratory of Vehicular Transmission, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Wu, W.
 (wuweijing@bit.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:119-123
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to accurately control the frequency of single piston hydraulic free-piston engine, it is important to confirm the moving mechanism of hydraulic free-piston around bottom dead centre. Through the establishment of mathematical simulation model and experimental system, the piston motion around bottom dead centre and the influencing factors were investigated. Results indicated that the piston motion around bottom dead centre included a backward acceleration process and a forward deceleration process. The rebound distance was determined by these processes, and the backward accelerative force was applied by the pressures of pump and compression chamber. The controllable pressure for compression chamber is the foundation for accurate operating frequency control, and the pressure is affected by the piston motion and the motion characteristics of the check valve spool.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Engine pistons
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Engines - Hydraulic equipment - Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulics - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Bottom dead centres - Check valves - Compression chambers - Deceleration process - Experimental system - Free piston - Influencing factor - Mathematical simulation model - Motion characteristics - Movement mechanism - Operating frequency - Piston motion
Classification code:612 Engines - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components - 618.2 Pumps - 632.1 Hydraulics - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 723.5 Computer Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20110213569095Title:Effect of syndynamic on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity
Authors:Peng, Shunlei (1); You, Wenhui (1); Shen, Huitao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Environment Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (2) Tiantong National Station of Forest Ecosystem, Chinese National Ecosystem Observation and Research Network, Ningbo 315114, China
Corresponding author:You, W.
 (youwh@yjsy.ecnu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:78-84
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is a critical parameter affecting soil infiltration capacity and water flow, and Ks is sensitive to different land use patterns. To study the effect of vegetation secondary succession on Ks, the experiment was conducted in the evergreen broad-leaved forests with the succession chronosequences of 155 years in Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. Ks was measured by the constant-hydraulic head method along 60 cm soil profiles under the different vegetation succession stages. The results showed that values of Ks reduced quickly with soil depth under different succession stages. There were significant differences of Ks among all the succession stages in the 0-20 cm soil depth. The average Ks in the 60 cm soil profile significantly increased from the bare land, Lithocarpus glaba + Laroptahon chenese shrub, Pinus massonian forest, Schima superba + Pinus massoniana forest, Schima superba forest to Castanopsis fargesii forest. In the shrub stage, the average Ks had showed significant difference to bare land. In the Schima superba forest, the average Ks had increased significantly. When the succession went into the climax stage, the average Ks reached maximum value (3.28 mm/min). Soil bulk density, non-capillary porosity, and silt content were the key factors which affected Ks. Soil organic matter (SOM) was also increased with vegetation succession and positively correlated to Ks. This study suggested that Ks was significantly improved with the forest succession process in Tiantong National Forest Park. High values of Ks could explain that why the overland flow was rarely occurred in this region.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Forestry - Hydraulic conductivity - Land use - Moisture - Organic compounds - Parks - Physical properties - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Chronosequences - Evergreen broad-leaved forests - Overland flow - Saturated hydraulic conductivity - Soil organic matter (SOM)
Classification code:821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 632.1 Hydraulics - 481.2 Geochemistry - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20110213569092Title:Experiments and simulation on infiltration into layered soil column with sand interlayer under ponding condition
Authors:Wang, Chunying (1); Mao, Xiaomin (1); Zhao, Bing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Mao, X.
 (maoxiaomin@tsinghua.org.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:61-67
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Infiltration experiment on soil columns of homogeneous loam and loam with a sand interlayer under ponding conditions were conducted in laboratory. The influence of sand interlayer on infiltration rate, wetting front advancement and the variation of water content along the soil profile was monitored and analyzed. After the wetting front reached the upper interface of the sand interlayer, the infiltration process of the loam with sand interlayer was distinctly different from that of the homogeneous soil, and the infiltration rate varied greatly. Finally a steady infiltration stage reached, and the steady infiltration rate was smaller than that of the homogenous soil. When the wetting front passed the sand interlayer, water content inside this coarse interlayer was less than the saturated water content. According to the observation and analysis, S-Green-Ampt model was established to describe the infiltration process with coarser interlayer. This model can more accurately reflect the mechanism of infiltration into layered soils and better describe the infiltration process of soil with sand interlayer.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Soil mechanics
Controlled terms:Geologic models - Ponding - Sand - Seepage - Soils - Water content - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Green-Ampt model - Homogeneous soil - Infiltration process - Infiltration rate - Layered soils - Saturated water - Soil column - Soil profiles - Steady infiltration rate - Wetting fronts
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 444 Water Resources - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 402 Buildings and Towers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20110213569105Title:Design and experiments of 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder for rapes
Authors:Wu, Mingliang (1); Guan, Chunyun (2); Luo, Haifeng (1); Tang, Chuzhou (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (2) Oilseeds Crops Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
Corresponding author:Wu, M.
 (mingliangwu0218@sohu.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:136-140
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To decrease the influence of high stubble and heavy weed on the growth of rapes at the seedling stage in southern winter rape fields, it is necessary to eliminate weed and stubble by shallow tillage before sowing. 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder for rapes was designed, and the shallow tilling working parts and rotary tillage ditching parts were fixed on the same cutter shaft, and driven wheel was adopted to provide power for seeding and fertilizing. Furthermore, for controlling the seeding and fertilizing quantity, speed changing mechanism which was use for adjusting the rotate speeds of the seeding and fertilizing axes was designed. The 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder could accomplish the teamwork of shallow tilling, weed and stubble eliminating, ditching, seeding and fertilizing. Experiment results showed that the 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder for rapes was safe and reliable, and the stubble eliminating rate was more than 95%, and the balk rate was less than 5%. The 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder can satisfy the rape direct seeding and agriculture requirements for southern winter rapes.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Agricultural machinery
Controlled terms:Experiments - Forestry - Machine design - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural machine - Direct-seeding - Rape - Rotate speed - Seeder - Shallow tilling - Southern winter - Working parts
Classification code:601 Mechanical Design - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20110213569128Title:Synthesis of biodegradable lubricant using palm oil
Authors:Ma, Chuanguo (1); Guo, Ruihua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Grain, Oil and Food, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Corresponding author:Ma, C.
 (mcg@haut.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:270-274
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to get biodegradable lubricant, trimethylolpropane tri-ester was prepared using palm oil as material. Gas chromatographic internal standard method was adopted to analysis the production rate of tri-ester. Optimized by response surface methodology, the production rate of tri-ester was up to 88.75%. Purified by molecular distillation, the purity of the tri-ester was up to 98.6%. The structure of tri-ester was confirmed by FT-IR and MS. Then, the tri-ester was compounded with PB-1300 (polyisobutylene), T803B (poly-α-olefin), BHT (2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and S-80 (sorbitol monoglycerides), to prepare lubricant. The lubricant had good viscosity-temperature performance and outstanding security stability, and it was also non-toxic and biodegradable.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Esterification
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Degradation - Distillation - Esters - Gas chromatography - Microbiology - Olefins - Vegetable oils
Uncontrolled terms:4-methylphenol - Biodegradable lubricants - Internal standard method - Molecular distillation - Monoglycerides - Palm oil - Polyisobutylenes - Production rates - Response Surface Methodology - Trimethylolpropane - Viscosity-temperature
Classification code:461.9.2 Microbiology - 801.2 Biochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.047
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20110213569144Title:Technology of soy protein separation from wastewater by two-stage foam fractionation
Authors:Sun, Ruiping (1); Yin, Hao (1); Lu, Ke (1); Wu, Zhaoliang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Bioengineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
Corresponding author:Wu, Z.
 (zhaoliangwu@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:374-378
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to deal with wastewater with high soy protein effectively, a technology of two-stage foam fractionation, which could increase both enrichment ratio and recovery of soy protein, was developed based on the research of the influences of initial pH value, superficial air flow rate and temperature, specially at higher temperature (60°C) on foam fractionation. When soy protein concentration of the wastewater was 4.0 g/L, enrichment ratio at 60°C was four times higher than that at the normal temperature. When the conditions of the first stage of the two-stage foam fractionation were soy protein concentration of the wastewater as 4.0 g/L, initial pH value of the wastewater as 7.0, superficial air flow rate as 0.133 cm/s and temperature as 60°C, enrichment ratio of soy protein was 7.71, and the residual solution was fed to the second stage as the feed stream. The second stage run at 20°C and 0.133 cm/s for superficial air flow rate, firstly, when no foam stream overflowed from the top of foam fractionation tower, superficial air flow rate was increased to 0.398 cm/s, and enrichment ratio of soy protein reached 2.63, and then the foamate was added to the wastewater as the feed stream of the first stage. The total recovery of the two-stage foam fractionation was 82.75%. Two-stage foam fractionation at different temperatures and superficial air flow rates can be used efficiently for the wastewater treatment and soy protein recovery.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Proteins
Controlled terms:Air - Fractionation - Hydraulics - pH - Recovery - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Air flow-rate - Enrichment ratio - Feed streams - Foam fractionation - Higher temperatures - Initial pH value - Residual solutions - Soy protein - Total recovery - Two stage
Classification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 632.1 Hydraulics - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.063
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20110213569145Title:Rheological properties of potato starch pastes treated by 60Co-γ radiation
Authors:Zhang, Yu (1); Tan, Xinghe (1); Xiong, Xingyao (3); Wang, Keqin (5); Xiao, Senwen (6)
Author affiliation:(1) Food Science and Technology College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (3) Horticultural and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (4) Key Laboratory for Corp Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (5) Hunan Institute of Atomic Energy Application in Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China; (6) Hunan Longshan Jinshan Industrial Co. Ltd, Longshan 416800, China
Corresponding author:Tan, X.
 (xinghetan@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:379-383
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the effects of γ-ray radiation on rheological properties of starch paste, potato starches were treated by 60Co-γ irradiation with different irradiation dose(0-400 kGy) and their pastes were prepared. By adopting rheometer, the rheological properties of the pastes of potato starch after treated with different irradiation dose were investigated. The static rheological properties investigation revealed that the pastes of potato starches after treated with different irradiation dose showed a phenomenon of so-called pseudo-plastic fluid characteristics and this was consistent with power law. The higher the irradiation dose, the lower the apparent viscosity and share-thinning nature, and it gradually performed similar like Newtonian fluids. The determination of dynamic rheological properties indicated that the elastic modulus, the maximum elastic modulus, the temperature in correspondence to the maximum elastic modulus and the elastic modulus at 20°C decreased with the increase of irradiation dose. The research results will provide theoretical data for application of potato starch treated by 60Co-γ irradiation.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Starch
Controlled terms:Elastic moduli - Elasticity - Irradiation - Radiation effects - Rheology - Viscosity
Uncontrolled terms:Apparent viscosity - Dynamic rheology - Irradiation dose - Newtonian fluids - Potato starches - Power law - Pseudoplastic fluid - Ray radiation - Research results - Rheological property - Starch pastes - Static rheology
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931.1 Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 744 Lasers - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.064
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20110213569135Title:Establishment and application of DEM for loess slope land based on GIS
Authors:Zhao, Longshan (1); Zhang, Qingfeng (1); Liang, Xinlan (1); Cao, Weipeng (1); Wu, Faqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Wu, F.
 (wufaqi@263.net)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:317-322
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The paper established a digital elevation model (DEM) of loess slope land under different tillage conditions on the micro-scale, and DEM spatial characteristic was analyzed. The results showed that micro-DEM model established by the method of inverse distance weighted interpolation could correctly reproduce the surface morphology of sloping land. Derived micro-slope and micro-aspect values could be taken as important factors in studying spatial difference of soil erosion. Micro-slope distribution characteristics and tillage measures were closely related. As for artificial hoe and contour measures, grid statistic figures of micro-slope increased at initial then decreased with increasing of micro-slope, while grid statistic figures of micro-slope increased with increasing of micro-slope under the measures of artificial dig. Grid statistic figures of micro-aspect had obviously differences among measures of contour, artificial hoe and artificial dig, and slope had a significant effect on the distribution of micro-aspect. Surface erosion calculated using the micro-DEM could reflect the size of slope surface erosion. This study not only provides data information for the study of soil erosion process under the micro-topographic condition, but also lies the foundation of further study in the mechanism of soil erosion under the micro-topographic condition.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Surveying
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Digital instruments - Erosion - Geomorphology - Information systems - Soils - Surface morphology
Uncontrolled terms:Digital elevation model - Geography information systems - Loess slope-land - Micro-relief - Tillage practices
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 903.2 Information Dissemination - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1.1 Geomorphology - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 405.3 Surveying
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.054
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20110213569088Title:Sensitivity analysis of border irrigation performance using robust design theory
Authors:Wang, Weihan (1); Jiao, Xiyun (2); Peng, Shizhang (2); Chen, Xiaodong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) ZheJiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower College, Hangzhou 310018, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering of Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Corresponding author:Jiao, X.
 (xyjiao@hhu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:37-42
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Because of poor border irrigation performance and its operation management, the author used robust design theory and surface irrigation simulation model SRFR to evaluate the irrigation performance, to simulate the effect of inflow rate and infiltration parameters on irrigation performance, and to determine the contribution rate of influence factors on irrigation performance. The results indicated that irrigation performance was not continuously improved as the inflow rate increased for a given border strip. The irrigation could get a high performance when the inflow rate was 4 to 7 L/(s &middot m). Specifically, irrigation uniformity was more sensitive to infiltration parameters than irrigation efficiency, irrigation performance was more sensitive to infiltration index than to infiltration coefficient, and increasing the inflow rate could reduce the influence of infiltration parameters on irrigation performance. The most important influence factors on border irrigation performance (contribution rate) were inflow rate (23.81%), infiltration coefficient (20.74%) and infiltration index (13.91%). Therefore, inflow rate and infiltration parameters should be given full attention in surface irrigation design and management.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Design - Seepage - Sensitivity analysis - Soil mechanics - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Border irrigation - Contribution rate - Infiltration parameters - Inflow rate - Influence factors - Irrigation efficiency - Irrigation performance - Irrigation uniformity - Operation management - Robust designs - Simulation model - Surface irrigation
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 723.5 Computer Applications - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 408 Structural Design - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20110213569129Title:Effects of windbreaks on wind-decrease, temperature-increase and moisture content of tea leaves in tea garden
Authors:Yang, Shuyun (1); Jiang, Changjun (2); Zhang, Qingguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Resources and Environment College of Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (2) College of Tea Food Science and Technology of Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Corresponding author:Jiang, C.
 (jiangcj@ahau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:275-282
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the freezing of tea farm in winter, a field experiment was conducted in the experimental tea garden at Anhui Agricultural University in January 2008. The windbreaks which were 2.0 meters height and 20 meters long, plastic films were established in the tea garden, and the wind, air temperature and moisture content of tea leaf were measured. The wind speeds in three height levels, 2.8, 2.0 (windbreaks height), and 1.2 m (tea tree canopy height), were measured according to a 5 × 7 grid. And the surface temperature, moisture content of tea leaves canopy were measured according to a 4 × 4 grid. The collected data were used to analyze the effects of windbreaks. Results indicated that windbreaks blocking airflow and causing wind velocity had a large change in difference positions. The top of windbreak was faster than environment air velocity. The growth rate of wind velocity on the height of 2.8 m was about 30%. The effect of wind load in the leeward reduced with rising of wind velocity. The leeward area, 7 m distance to the windbreaks, had the slowest wind velocity. Wind velocity of medial axis reduced 13.5% when air velocity reached to 2.6 m/s, and the amplitude decreased to 40% when the air velocity was 1.0 m/s. The wind velocity recovery distance was about 15 m. At the wind barrier height (2.0 m), the most effective area to reduce wind speed was between 7 and 10 m downwind to the wind barrier. There was a para-calm region about double height of the windbreaks on the crown of tea (1.2 m height). The windbreaks sphere action on 1.2 m height was about 7.5 times of the windbreaks height. The windbreaks warming was controlled by the solar power. The warming effect was obviously in sunny day, but it was faint at night and cloudy. Moisture contents of tea leaves were decreased because of the gale and the rates of descent which was pertaining with the wind speed, the greater wind speeds, the faster moisture content decreased. The moisture contents of tea leaves declined smaller in the protected areas of the windbreaks, but the recovery was rapidly. The plastic film windbreaks have an effective for reduce the harm by winter wind and low temperature.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Velocity
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Moisture - Moisture determination - Plastic films - Protective coatings - Solar energy - Spheres - Wind effects
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural universities - Air temperature - Air velocities - Effective area - Field experiment - Low temperatures - Medial axis - Moisture contents - Protected areas - Solar power - Surface temperatures - Tea farm - Tea garden - Tea leaves - Tree canopy height - Wind barriers - Wind load - Wind speed - Wind velocities - Windbreaks
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 931.1 Mechanics - 817.1 Polymer Products - 813.2 Coating Materials - 631 Fluid Flow - 615.2 Solar Power - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.048
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20110213569142Title:Explosion puffing technology optimization for sweet potato chips
Authors:Jiang, Ning (1); Liu, Chunquan (1); Li, Dajing (1); Jin, Bangquan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Processing Agriculture Product, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (2) Jingling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China; (3) The East China (Jiangsu) Innovation Center of National Agricultural Science and Technology, The Engineering Technology Center of Processing Agriculture Product, Nanjing 210014, China
Corresponding author:Liu, C.
 (liuchunquan2009@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:361-367
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to optimize the technology for explosion puffing of sweet potato chips, on the basis of single-factor experiments, a three factors quadratic regression rotation combination design was adopted. The effects of the puffing temperature, vacuum drying temperature and vacuum drying time on the hardness, crispness and color indexes of the sweet potato chips prepared by explosion puffing drying was studied, and variables were analyzed with response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that puffing temperature, vacuum drying temperature and vacuum drying time have significant effects on the quality indexes of the sweet potato chips. The optimum explosion puffing conditions were obtained as follows: the puffing temperature is 91°C, vacuum drying temperature is 75°C and vacuum drying time is 47 minutes. The results can provide reference for industrial production of air puffing sweet potato chips.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Color - Curing - Explosions - Explosives - Hardness - Optimization - Technology - Vacuum - Vacuum technology
Uncontrolled terms:Combination design - Industrial production - Quadratic regression - Quality indices - Response Surface Methodology - Sweet potato - Technology optimization - Vacuum drying
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 901 Engineering Profession - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 951 Materials Science - 741.1 Light/Optics - 633 Vacuum Technology - 502.1 Mine and Quarry Operations - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 642.1 Process Heating
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.061
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20110213569117Title:Storage, management and sharing of farmland information based on metadata
Authors:Ma, Xinming (1); Xu, Xin (1); Xi, Lei (1); Zhang, Hao (1); Xiong, Shuping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Corresponding author:Ma, X.
 (xinmingma@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:209-214
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to storage, manage and sharing of farmland information, hierarchical storage and management model of farmland information was founded with spatial database technology based on building farmland information metadata. Shared services and interoperate model of the farmland information was also established with metadata service and component technology on the platform of Super Map GIS, and these were the basement for fulfilling the metadata-based integrating storage, management and sharing of farmland information. By extracting and packaging the data in "WebGIS-based decision-making system of wheat precision fertilization" and "GIS-based evaluation system of crop potential output in Henan Province", the lossless data sharing was achieved. Results showed that the metadata and metadata service technology are feasible and effective to solve problems on the integrating storage, management and sharing of farmland information based on the establishment of standard farmland information metadata.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Metadata
Controlled terms:Data handling - Decision making - Farms - Information dissemination - Information use
Uncontrolled terms:Component technologies - Decision-making systems - Evaluation system - Farmland - GIS - Henan Province - Hierarchical storage - Lossless data - Management Model - Metadata services - Shared service - Spatial database - Web-GIS
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 903.2 Information Dissemination - 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use - 912.2 Management
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20110213569138Title:Online detection of soluble solids content and size of crystal pear based on LEDs light source-detector
Authors:Liu, Yande (1); Peng, Yanying (1); Gao, Rongjie (1); Sun, Xudong (1); Hao, Yong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Optics-Mechanics-Electronics Technology and Application (OMETA), East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.
 (jxliuyd@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:338-343
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Online detection method of soluble solids content (SSC) and size of crystal pear using LEDs light source-detector based on near infrared spectroscopy was studied. LEDs light source-detector with wavelengths of 850 nm, 880 nm and 940 nm were used to irradiate crystal pear in this experiment. The crystal pear was homogeneously arranged on conveyor line at the speed of 5 pears per second. Spectra was measured in near infrared diffuse reflectance mode. Three pre-processing methods including average smoothing, first and second derivatives were applied to improve the predictive ability of the models. Partial least squares (PLS) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) were used to develop calibration models. The prediction set was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the models. The results showed that the best model was obtained by PLS with the pre-processing method of average smoothing. The correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) was (0.86, 0.58%) and (0.90, 1.93 mm) for soluble solids content and size, respectively. The results showed that online detection of soluble solids content and size of crystal pear based on near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy combined with LEDs light source-detector was feasible.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Detectors
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Fruits - Infrared devices - Light sources - Near infrared spectroscopy - Processing - Reflection - Size distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Best model - Calibration model - Conveyor lines - Correlation coefficient - Least squares support vector machines - Near Infrared - Near infrared diffuse reflectance - On-line detection - On-line detection method - Partial least squares - Pre-processing method - Predictive abilities - Root-mean-square error of predictions - Second derivatives - Soluble solids content
Classification code:914 Safety Engineering - 913.4 Manufacturing - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.057
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20110213569134Title:Influence of land use change on land surface temperature in arid desert region
Authors:Qi, Pengcheng (1); Zhao, Chuanyan (2); Feng, Zhaodong (3); Wang, Xiaoping (5)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (3) School of Resource and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (4) Department of Geology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, United States; (5) Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China
Corresponding author:Qi, P.
 (qipengchengsd@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:310-316
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Spatial distribution of land surface temperature (LST) was demonstrated to be likely influenced by land use changes. This paper aimed to analyze the influence of land use change on LST in Shapotou District, Zhongwei. Using two images of Landsat TM, the information of land use of Sapotou in 1992 and 2007 were retrieved and LST of corresponding periods was calculated based on the mono-windows algorithm. The results revealed that there was obvious difference among LST of each land types. Shifting sandy land had the highest LST, and water area the lowest. The conversions of steppe desert to cropland and shifting sandy land to artificial vegetation-stabilized sand land were the major patterns of land use change. The conversions of steppe desert to irrigable cropland resulted in LST declining obviously, and the conversions of steppe desert to pebble-covered cropland resulted in LST rising slightly. The conversions of cropland to rural-urban construction land resulted in obvious LST rise.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Atmospheric temperature - Landforms - Surface measurement - Surface properties - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Arid desert - Land surface temperature - Land use change - LANDSAT TM - Mono-window algorithm
Classification code:943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 921 Mathematics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 951 Materials Science - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.053
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20110213569096Title:Effect of topsoil thickness on soil organic carbon in high-yield and irrigated farmland in North China
Authors:Shi, Yanqin (1); Gao, Wangsheng (1); Chen, Yuanquan (1); Sui, Peng (1); Yang, Bin (1); Wang, Hongjiao (1); Nie, Zijin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Gao, W.
 (wshgao@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:85-90
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Reduced tillage and conservation tillage probably lead to the problem of shallow topsoil and compactible topsoil in the long run. In order to solve the problem above, the experiment of different artificial topsoil thicknesses was designed. And soil organic carbon contents (0-50 cm) were determined for looking over the effect of different topsoil thickness in this experiment. There were four kinds of artificial topsoil thickness (10, 20, 30, 40 cm) in the experiment, respectively. A two-year field experiment was conducted to study the variation of soil organic carbon by using the methods of the equivalent soil mass and stratification ratio. The total results indicated that different topsoil thicknesses had a significant effect on soil organic carbon content. Compared with the initial trial in 2007, soil organic carbon content decreased by 22%-48%. Using the methods of the equivalent soil mass, it was showed that the highest soil organic carbon storage occurred in the 20 cm topsoil thickness and that the thickness too high or too low is not conducive to increase the storage of soil organic carbon. The research suggested that the stratification ratio of 20 cm topsoil thickness was higher than that of other treatments over time, and it was of good soil quality. It was concluded that different thicknesses of topsoil had different effects on organic carbon content. In the short term the topsoil thickness of 20 cm had the highest soil organic carbon content and storage. The thickness too high or too low is not conducive to increase the soil organic carbon storage. The long-term effectiveness still need to be observed.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Experiments - Soil conservation - Soil testing - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Conservation tillage - Different effects - Field experiment - North China - Organic carbon contents - Reduced tillage - Short term - Soil mass - Soil organic carbon - Soil organic carbon content - Soil organic carbon storage - Soil organic carbon storages - Soil quality - Stratification ratio - Topsoil thickness
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20110213569121Title:Nitrification of biofilters packed with four different substrates for treating mariculture wastewater
Authors:Song, Benben (1); Liu, Ying (1); Shi, Fangyong (3); Fu, Songzhe (3); Liu, Zhipei (4); Zhang, Yanqing (4); Ni, Qi (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (2) Fishery Mechanical and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China; (3) Environment Engineering School, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China; (4) Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.
 (yinliuiocas@gmail.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:231-236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore mariculture wastewater removal capacity by biofliter and to acquire the parameters of nitrification kinetics in biofilter for promoting RAS applied study and extensive application, Bamboo Ring, Maifan Stone, Ceramic Pellet and Plastic Ball (PE) substrates were packed into different biofilters. The physical chemistry characters of substrates, COD and ammonia nitrogen removal capacity were investigated and evaluated by simulated mariculture wastewater under five C/T ratio (COD/TA N=0, 0.8, 2, 6, 12). The results showed that 1) COD and TAN removal capacities of biofilter packed with Maifan Stone substrate were the highest under low C/T (< 6), with the highest rate of 850 and 21 g/(m3 &middot d) (C/T = 0.8) respectively. The second was the Bamboo Ring substrate, with the highest rate of 750 and 23 g/(m3 &middot d) (C/T = 6) respectively. As carbon concentration improving, the TAN removal rate decreased and COD removal rate increased. 2) Under the condition of 15-22°C and HRT 0.5 h, nitrobacteria number for different substrates reached a plateau and matured in 40-50 d, Bamboo Ring in 50 d, others in 40 d. Choosing different substrate can impact the running stability of biofilter. Substrate is closely related with biofilm maturation duration and nitrification process, and affects nitrifying capacity obviously. Bamboo Ring substrate can remove TAN with the highest rate under higher C/T (> 6) ratio condition and has a potential in RAS production.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Substrates
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Bacteriology - Bamboo - Biofilters - Biofiltration - Denitrification - Marine biology - Nitrification - Nitrogen removal - Oxidation - Physical chemistry - Tanning - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia nitrogen removal - Carbon concentrations - Ceramic pellets - COD removal rate - Different substrates - Nitrification kinetics - Nitrification process - Recirculations - Removal capacity - Removal rate - Running stability
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802 Chemical Apparatus and Plants; Unit Operations; Unit Processes - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 801 Chemistry - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20110213569140Title:Numerical simulation of coupled heat and moisture transfer process in ultrasonic pre-dehydration of carrot
Authors:Zhao, Fang (1); Chen, Zhenqian (1); Shi, Mingheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Z.
 (zqchen@seu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:349-354
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For further understanding the effect of ultrasonic on moisture transfer process in wet porous material, the experiment on pre-dehydration process of carrot slice under ultrasonic irradiation was performed, the coupled heat and moisture transfer model for ultrasonic pre-dehydration process of carrot slice was also established. In this model, the effective moisture diffusion coefficient under ultrasonic irradiation was derived considering the influences of ultrasonic cavitations and mechanical vibration on removal rate of water molecule. The effects of ultrasonic intensity on dehydration rate and temperature variation of carrot were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that ultrasonic irradiation accelerates the moisture transfer process in carrot slice, both the effective moisture diffusion coefficient and dehydration rate of carrot slice increased gradually with intensifying of ultrasonic intensity. Compared with the dehydration process of sample untreated with ultrasonic vibration, the dehydration rate increased by 3.9 times at ultrasound intensity of 1.5 W/cm2. The temperature rising at the center of sample induced by the thermal effect of ultrasound was lower than 4°C at ultrasound intensity of 1.0 W/cm2 after 5 400 s. The ultrasonic irradiation could be an effective method for enhancing the moisture transfer in wet porous material with non-thermal factor.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Ultrasonics
Controlled terms:Cavitation - Computer simulation - Dehydration - Dewatering - Diffusion - Irradiation - Moisture control - Porous materials - Vibrations (mechanical)
Uncontrolled terms:Carrot slice - Coupled heat and moisture transfer - Dehydration process - Dehydration rates - Diffusion coefficient - Mechanical vibrations - Moisture diffusion coefficient - Moisture transfer - Non-thermal factors - Numerical simulation - Removal rate - Temperature rising - Temperature variation - Ultrasonic cavitation - Ultrasonic intensity - Ultrasonic irradiation - Ultrasonic vibration - Ultrasound intensity - Water molecule
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 931.1 Mechanics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 723.5 Computer Applications - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.059
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20110213569093Title:Comparison of methods for calculating reference crop evapotranspiration in Haihe River basin of China
Authors:Sun, Qingyu (1); Tong, Ling (1); Zhang, Baozhong (2); Tang, Bo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China
Corresponding author:Tong, L.
 (tongling2001@tom.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:68-72
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:There are a lot of estimation methods for reference crop evapotranspiration (ET<inf>0</inf>), however, different parameters are required. Therefore, it is particularly important to find accurate alternative methods. Based on the data of ten weather stations in Haihe River basin for 30 years, ET<inf>0</inf> was estimated with six methods, such as FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM), Hargreaves and Irmark-Allen etc. taking PM equation as the standard, the other methods were evaluated. The results showed that for stations except Wutaishan station in Haihe River basin, the estimated ET<inf>0</inf> by the Hargreaves and the FAO-24 Radiation equations were closer to the values of ET<inf>0</inf> estimated by the PM method than. by other methods. Therefore, it is concluded that Hargreaves methods can replace the PM method at these stations which are short of radiation and wind speed data; whereas, in Wutaishan Mountain area, the empirical parameters of the Hargreaves equations should be changed before being used in given local stations.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Evapotranspiration
Controlled terms:Crops - Evaporation - Rivers - Water supply - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Alternative methods - Comparison of methods - Empirical parameters - Estimation methods - Haihe River basin - Hargreaves - Hargreaves equations - Penman-Monteith - Penman-Monteith method - Reference crop evapotranspirations - Weather stations - Wind speed data
Classification code:444.1 Surface Water - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20110213569126Title:Gasification characteristics and kinetics of corncob char with CO<inf>2</inf> by using isothermal thermogravimetry
Authors:Yan, Guihuan (1); Xu, Min (1); Li, Xiaoxia (1); Guan, Haibin (1); Jiang, Jianguo (1); Zhang, Weijie (2); Sun, Rongfeng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Energy Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan 250014, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province, Ji'nan 250014, China
Corresponding author:Yan, G.
 (yanguihuan@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:260-264
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to research gasification characteristics of corncob char with CO<inf>2</inf>, the reactivity and kinetics were investigated by isothermal thermogravimetry (TG) at 800-1000°C with pyrolysis heating rates of 5, 40, 100°C /min. The results showed that the char reaction activity increased and the whole reaction time was relatively shortened with raising the heating rate. On the other hand, the reaction temperature had a remarkable effect on the corncob char gasification. With increasing the gasification temperature, the reaction rate speeded up distinctly and the reaction time became short evidently. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the corncob char structure. The results indicated that the faster the pyrolysis heating rate was, the bigger the hole on the char would be, and also the more abundant the pore structure was. It can be concluded that the reaction temperature has a greater influence on the gasification process than the pyrolysis heating rate. Finally, the mixed reaction model was used to calculate kinetic parameters, so the average activation energy of isothermal gasification of corncob char with CO<inf>2</inf> was 98.7 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor was 519176 min-1. The study can help to understand the reaction mechanism of biomass gaisification and provide reference for the design of gasification equipment.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Gasification
Controlled terms:Activation energy - Heating - Heating rate - Pyrolysis - Reaction rates - Scanning electron microscopy - Thermogravimetric analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Char - Char gasification - Char reaction - Char structure - Corncob - Gasification characteristics - Gasification process - Gasification temperatures - Isothermal thermogravimetry - Preexponential factor - Reaction mechanism - Reaction model - Reaction temperature - Reaction time - SEM - Sothermal TG
Classification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 801 Chemistry - 741.1 Light/Optics - 643.1 Space Heating - 641.2 Heat Transfer
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20110213569100Title:Turbulence analysis and experiments of low-specific-speed centrifugal pump
Authors:Zhang, Desheng (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Chen, Bin (1); Cao, Weidong (1); Tian, Fei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.
 (zds@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:108-113
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the flow field characteristics of low-specific-speed centrifugal pump under multi-conditions, ten different design cases were simulated and their performances were predicted, and the impact of key geometric parameters of impeller and volute on performance and flow field were discussed. The comparative experiments on location of splitter blades and volute throat area were carried out. The investigation results showed that the head increased by 5.5 m and the efficiency increased by 3.23% in the optimal case D by adding splitter blades. Through increasing the area of volute flow and throat, the head in all of the five cases improved by 10 m approximately, efficiency improved by about 5%, which could expand the high-efficiency scope and improve maximum efficiency. The investigation can provide certain scientific basis for the performance optimization of low-specific-speed centrifugal pump.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Experiments
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Flow fields - Hydraulic machinery - Optimization - Pumping plants - Well pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Comparative experiments - Design case - Flow field characteristics - Geometric parameter - High efficiency - Maximum Efficiency - Performance optimizations - Performance prediction - Splitter blade - Throat areas
Classification code:446 Waterworks - 618.2 Pumps - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20110213569108Title:Wind tunnel simulation of impact of gravel coverage on soil erosion in arid farmland
Authors:Sun, Yuechao (1); Ma, Shuoshi (2); Chen, Zhi (2); Zhao, Yonglai (1); Su, Jie (1); Dong, Mei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Vocational and Technical College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Baotou 014109, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Z.
 (chz6653@sohu.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:151-155
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In view of the serious impact of wind erosion for arid farmland in the northen foot of Yinshan Mountain of China, wind erosion simulation was made in arid farmland surface by laying gravel in different coverage and particle size. In order to providing technical basis for taking reasonable wind erosion preventing measures, it was explored for the effect on inhibition of gravel coverage and particle size on farmland soil wind erosion. Arid farmland soil erosion test was made in the 6 kinds of net wind and sand-driving wind with different gravel size and coverage. Whether net wind or sand-driving wind, it is showed that the anti-wind erosion efficiency of arid farmland will be improved by increasing gravel coverage. When the gravel coverage is exceeding 28%, it will have less effect on anti-wind erosion to increase coverage. In the same coverage, when the gravel size is increased, sediment discharge and anti-wind erosion efficiency will change slightly. Tillage farmland laid gravel can obtain good effect on not only preventing erosion, but also farming. The method is low-cost, simple and feasible. And this method is suitable for northern foot of Yinshan Mountain region climate characteristic, and is an effective way for arid farmland soil erosion prevention.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Erosion
Controlled terms:Aerodynamics - Arid regions - Farms - Gravel - Landforms - Soils - Wind tunnels
Uncontrolled terms:Anti-wind erosion efficiency - Climate characteristics - Farmland soils - Mountain regions - Sediment discharge - Soil erosion - Wind erosions - Wind-tunnel simulation
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 651.2 Wind Tunnels - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 444 Water Resources - 443 Meteorology - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20110213569087Title:Comparison of border irrigation practices in different morphologic fields
Authors:Chen, Bo (1); Ouyang, Zhu (1); Liu, Enmin (2); Zhang, Yanling (4); Chen, Junxu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (3) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (4) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
Corresponding author:Ouyang, Z.
 (ouyz@igsnrr.ac.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:30-36
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To evaluate the effect of field morphologic change on irrigation performance, the field soil characteristics and irrigation performance of 4 types of irrigation fields i.e. border-strip irrigation (BSI), rill irrigation (RI), shallow-furrow-border irrigation (SFBI) and border-furrow irrigation (BFI) were calculated and simulated with WinSRFR3.1 model. The differences induced by the change of field morphologic between these irrigation patterns were compared, and reasonable border lengths for different morphologics were suggested. It was concluded that soil infiltration characteristics and field roughness were quite diverse in different morphologic fields, characterized with the highest roughness in BFI while lowest in BSI, and the rapidest infiltration rate in BSI while slowest in SFBI. For long border, the performance is in order of SFBI > BFI > RI > BSI. Under a feasible inflow rate of 4.5 L/(m &middot s), to obtain above 80% application efficiency, the optimum border length should be 200-220 m, 170-190 m, 150-170 m, and 150-170 m for SFBI, BFI, RI, and BSI, respectively. Field morphologic playes an important role in surface irrigation performance, and it is necessary to be considered in the futher study and practice of surface irrigation.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Geologic models - Moisture determination - Seepage - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Surface properties - Surface roughness
Uncontrolled terms:Border irrigation - Field morphologic - Field soil - Furrow irrigation - Infiltration rate - Inflow rate - Irrigation patterns - Irrigation performance - Morpho-logics - Morphologic changes - Soil infiltration - Surface irrigation
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 723.5 Computer Applications - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20110213569089Title:Effects of liquid film mulching on dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency of maize with sprinkler irrigation
Authors:Zhou, Xinguo (1); Li, Caixia (1); Qiang, Xiaoman (1); Guo, Dongdong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, X.
 (zhouxg01@tom.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:43-48
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore regulation effects of sprinkler irrigation and liquid film mulching of maize production, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three low limits of soil moisture on maize growth process by liquid film mulching with sprinkler irrigation. The influence of liquid film mulching on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) was studied contrast to the control treatment (CK). The results showed that the biomass accumulation with high, medium and low soil moisture treatments (with irrigation quota 51.8, 35.0, 31.4 mm separately) amounted to 16 699.99, 14 216.38 and 13 239.14 kg/hm2 separately, the high-water treatment was beneficial to dry matter accumulation of maize, and the growth curve of dry matter showed "slow-fast-slow" trend. Under liquid film mulching, 100-seed weight could be improved significantly. Maize yield of high, medium and low soil moisture treatments with liquid film mulching increased by 3.48%, 1.48% and 3.79% separately, and WUE of high, medium and low soil moisture treatments with liquid film mulching increased by 6.59%, 7.30% and 9.17% respectively compared with the control. The study indicates that liquid film mulching is an effective measure of water saving and yield increasing with sprinkler irrigation.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Sprinkler systems (irrigation)
Controlled terms:Crops - Ecology - Film growth - Liquid films - Moisture determination - Soil moisture - Sprinkler systems (fire fighting) - Water conservation - Water supply - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Dry matters - Maize - Sprinkler irrigation - Sprinkler systems - Water use efficiency (WUE) - Yield
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 914.2 Fires and Fire Protection - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 712.1 Semiconducting Materials - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20110213569099Title:Sliver elements elimination for mesh generation of centrifugal pumps
Authors:Liu, Houlin (1); Dong, Liang (1); Tan, Minggao (1); Wang, Yong (1); Wang, Kai (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Technical and Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Dong, L.
 (edongliang@yahoo.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:103-107
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The Sliver elements have serious influences on the quality of mesh generation of centrifugal pump. The position where the Sliver elements may appear in the mesh of centrifugal pump was discussed. The present two main methods to eliminate the Sliver elements were introduced and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The algorithm principle of mesh refinement for eliminating the Sliver elements was analyzed in detail. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the existing refinement algorithms could not completely eliminate the Sliver elements. A relatively good mesh refinement method was improved, and the rule for judging the Sliver elements was modified and optimized. The new method can eliminate the Sliver elements completely and improve the overall mesh quality significantly. The practical applications indicate that the improved algorithm is strict, effective and easy to implement.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Mesh generation
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Centrifugal pumps - Computational fluid dynamics - Fluid dynamics - Hydraulic machinery - Pumping plants - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Computational fluid - Improved algorithm - Mesh quality - Mesh refinement - Refinement algorithms - Sliver element elimination
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 921 Mathematics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 618.2 Pumps - 446 Waterworks
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20110213569101Title:Variable universe adaptive fuzzy PID control of spray flow valve
Authors:Song, Lepeng (1); Dong, Zhiming (1); Xiang, Lijuan (2); Xing, Siyuan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; (2) Library, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Corresponding author:Dong, Z.
 (zhmdong@yahoo.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:114-118
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the control problem of micro-flow or low flow on real-time mixing of pesticides in the course of variable rate spraying, an electromechanical flow control valve was developed with a miniature pin valve, a direct current (DC) motor, and a gear set. Mathematical model of Electromechanical flow control valve was constructed, and variable universe adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm was designed. The simulations with software MATLAB for the variable universe adaptive fuzzy PID controller and a PID controller of the electromechanical flow control valve were carried out. Results showed that the response time of PID control was 3.5 s, the maximum overshoot was about 39.0%, and the response time of variable universe adaptive fuzzy PID was 0.93 s, and the maximum overshoot didn't exceed 2.9%. The system is of good stability, accuracy and rapidity and able to satisfy the agriculture technical requirements.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Three term control systems
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Computational methods - Computer simulation - Controllers - Electric control equipment - Flow control - Fuzzy control - Mathematical models - Proportional control systems - Real variables - Safety valves - Two term control systems
Uncontrolled terms:Adaptive fuzzy - Control problems - Direct current - Flow control valves - Gear set - Good stability - Low flow - Maximum overshoot - Micro-flow - PID control - PID controllers - Response time - Software MATLAB - Spray flow - Technical requirement - Valves - Variable rate spraying - Variable universe
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 732.1 Control Equipment - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20110213569082Title:Problem and strategies on development of agricultural water management
Authors:Xu, Di (1); Gong, Shihong (1); Li, Yinong (1); Liu, Yu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China
Corresponding author:Xu, D.
 (xudi@iwhr.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:1-7
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The problems and challenges for agricultural water management are markedly different from 50 years ago. To meet the increasing global demand for food, new challenges have been coming: increasing farmers' income, boosting rural economy, reducing poverty, adapting climate change and protecting the ecological environment, under the conditions of the scare water resources. Therefore, the improvement of strategies and countermeasures relevant to the development of agricultural water management is nessary starting from the thinking of interdisciplinary and various sectors. The strategies include that developing water-saving agriculture, maintaining the service functions of the ecological system, increasing investment in irrigation, promoting rain-fed agriculture, improving and increasing water productivity, reducing poor population, preventing and alleviating the degradation of land and water environmental quality, reducing the risk in waste water irrigation, and strengthening policy and institution building. The efforts in improving agricultural water management and increasing agricultural productivity depend on the rational selection of the above strategies and the benefit tradeoffs.
Number of references:42
Main heading:Industrial management
Controlled terms:Climate change - Economics - Ecosystems - Investments - Irrigation - Planning - Productivity - Sewage - Wastewater - Water conservation - Water management
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productivity - Agricultural water management - Ecological environments - Ecological systems - Environmental quality - Global demand - Institution building - Problems and challenges - Rain fed agriculture - Rural economy - Service functions - Strategy - Water productivity - Water-saving
Classification code:912.2 Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 913.1 Production Engineering - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 451 Air Pollution - 446 Waterworks - 444 Water Resources - 452.1 Sewage
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20110213569136Title:Spatial pattern of cultivated land productivity in rapid economic development region
Authors:Li, Ziliang (1); Wang, Shutao (1); Zhang, Li (1); Men, Mingxin (1); Xu, Hao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Land and Resources College, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
Corresponding author:Wang, S.
 (wangst@hebau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:323-331
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the spatial pattern of cultivated land productivity in a certain region, a model for evaluating such productivity was established by analyzing the relationship between the cultivated land quality ranks and the standard crop yield per hector through sampling investigation data on the basis of agricultural land classification. With this model, spatial patterns of theoretical, accessible and actual productivities in Tangshan were assessed. The region with higher theoretical and accessible productivity was centered from Tangshan city, while the region with higher actual productivity was located at the south and northeast area of Tangshan. The hilly areas including Qian'xi and Qian'an were characterized with relatively low productivity for all three levels. The west, east and southeast areas in Tangshan were associated with relatively high total productivity but hilly area in north Tangshan with relatively low total productivity. The results based on the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) spatial autocorrelation indicated: the accumulation order of three levels productivity was theoretical productivity per unit > accessible productivity per unit > current productivity per unit; in addition, the total area in H-H (high spatial autocorrelations) and L-L (low spatial autocorrelations) type accounted for over 50% of Tangshan city. It also indicated that there are good spatial correlations among accessible productivity, GDP per capita and net income of rural people as well as good spatial correlations between actual productivity and farming production. This is very useful for the sustainable use of cultivated land and development of local economy by understanding spatial pattern of regional cultivated land productivity and its relationships with the development of regional economy.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Productivity
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Autocorrelation - Economics - Land use - Regional planning
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural land - Crop yield - Cultivated lands - Economic development - Exploratory spatial data analysis - Hilly areas - Local economy - Net incomes - Per capita - Per unit - Regional economy - Rural people - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatial correlations - Spatial patterns - Sustainable use - Tangshan City
Classification code:971 Social Sciences - 922 Statistical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.055
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20110213569107Title:Evaluation of the oxygen transfer rate of oxygenator based on intermittent non-steady state method
Authors:Zhang, Yulei (1); Ni, Qi (1); Liu, Huang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China; (2) Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200092, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.
 (Zhangyl121@hotmail.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:145-150
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the shortcomings of general method such as nonstandard operation and big test errors, a testing method based on intermittent non-steady state method was put forward to evaluate the standard oxygen transfer rate of the oxygenator. The paper introduced the facilities needed for the test, the testing step and the calculation method in detail. Using this method, DP18-Y, a multi-stage trickling oxygenator was tested. With two different G/L ratios 1:100 and 1.5:100, after about 130 min and 220 min running period separately, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in the testing pool had reached 17 mg/L, standard deviations at three DO probe positions were less than ± 0.78. To verify the repeatability of the method, the test was repeated three times with the two G/L ratios, and the standard oxygen transfer rate calculated as a result was (206.1 ± 5.7) kg/h and (248.5 ± 11.3) kg/h, respectively. Calculated by different ranges, it was found that the calculation result would be more precision with the start point closer to 0 mg/L and the end point over 70% of theoretical DO saturation concentration. The results show that the method has good stability and repeatability and is feasible to evaluate the oxygen transfer rate of any oxygenator.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Oxygen supply
Controlled terms:Dissolved oxygen - Lakes - Mass transfer - Oxygenation - Oxygenators - Salinity measurement - Standards
Uncontrolled terms:Calculation methods - Dissolved oxygen concentrations - End points - General method - Good stability - Multi-stage - Oxygen mass transfer coefficient - Oxygen transfer rate - Probe position - Saturation concentration - Standard deviation - Start point - Steady-state method - Test errors - Testing method
Classification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 462.2 Hospitals, Equipment and Supplies - 444 Water Resources - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 445 Water Treatment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20110213569084Title:Development of wireless soil moisture sensor base on solar energy
Authors:Li, Xiaodong (1); Wu, Yongfeng (1); Li, Guanglin (1); Zeng, Qingxin (1); Wang, Shiji (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
Corresponding author:Li, G.
 (liguanglin@swu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:26
Issue:11
Issue date:November 2010
Publication year:2010
Pages:13-18
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to measure soil moisture automatically and realize wireless transmitting for the results, electric field method was used to detect the water content in soil, and wireless sensor network was built with Zigbee technology. With solar cell, solar energy was collected and stored in Li-ion battery to provide power supply for the system. Through reasonable charge-discharge management, the life of Li-ion battery could be prolonged. Experiment results showed that only soil moisture range from 0 to 30% could be detected, and the relative error was less than 10%. With Zigbee module and MiWi (TM) protocol stack, a star topologic wireless sensor network was built, and the results could be transmitted via wireless network. When the transmitting power of sensor node was set to 1mW and there was no barrier between sink node and sensor node, the valid transmission distance was 30 miters, if there were crops between sink node and sensor node, the distance was 10 miters. If datas were acquired and transmitted once an hour and the weather was normal, the system could work continuously. Even if the weather was overcast or rainy for a period, the equipment could work normally for 7 to 20 days.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Wireless sensor networks
Controlled terms:Electric field measurement - Electric fields - Electric power systems - Energy management - Ions - Moisture control - Moisture determination - Moisture meters - Network protocols - Sensor networks - Sensor nodes - Soil moisture - Solar cells - Solar energy - Solar radiation - Telecommunication equipment - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Battery - Power managements - Snesors - Wireless sensor - Wireless soil moisture sensor Li-ion
Classification code:717 Optical Communication - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements - 944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments - 732 Control Devices - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 706.1 Electric Power Systems - 444 Water Resources - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 525 Energy Management and Conversion - 615.2 Solar Power - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2010.11.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

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