1.  Accession number: 20095012535508

Title: Selection of optimal band for detecting foreign fibers in lint cotton using spectroscopic analysis

Authors: Yang, Wenzhu (1); Li, Daoliang (1); Wei, Xinhua (3); Kang, Yuguo (4); Li, Futang (4)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (3) Provincial Key Laboratory Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (4) China Cotton Machinery and Equipment Co., Ltd, China Cotton Industries Ltd, Beijing 100089, China

Corresponding author: Li, D.   (dliangl@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:186-192

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: Image acquisition is the key technique in a computer vision-based system for the inspection of foreign fibers in lint cotton and the measurement of their contents. To construct an efficient image acquisition system for the detection and classification of those foreign fibers, spectroscopic analysis of cotton fiber and foreign fibers was performed. To detect the foreign fibers effectively, a method for selecting optimal detection bands was proposed based on the extrema distribution of reflectance differences between cotton fiber and foreign fibers. An optimal distinguishing band selection method was presented in terms of the spectrum distinguishable degree. The results indicate that the ultraviolet band is the optimal band to detect the fluorescent foreign fibers, the visible light band is the optimal one to detect color foreign fibers, and the infrared band is fit for inspecting those foreign fibers such as polypropylene and polyethylene materials, candy wrappers, hairs and feathers. The infrared band of 780-1800 nm is optimal for distinguishing these foreign fibers.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Fibers

Controlled terms: Computer vision - Cotton - Cotton fibers - Image acquisition - Optimization - Spectroscopic analysis - Thermoplastics

Uncontrolled terms: Band selection - Candy wrapper - Foreign fiber - Image acquisition systems - Infrared bands - Key techniques - Optimal detection - Optimal detection band - Reflectance differences - Ultraviolet bands  - Visible light bands

Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 816.1 Processing of Plastics and Other Polymers - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 817.1 Polymer Products - 819.1 Natural Fibers - 819.4 Fiber Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 801 Chemistry - 741.2 Vision - 731.6 Robot Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.034

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

2.  Accession number: 20095012535529

Title: Effect of two-stage chilling on eating quality of beef

Authors: Gao, Shujuan (1); Mao, Yanwei (1); Wang, Xiujiang (1); Hu, Tiejun (2); Luo, Xin (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) College of Agriculture, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China

Corresponding author: Luo, X.            (luoxin@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 10

Issue date: October 2009

Publication year: 2009

Pages: 312-317

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: The objective was to study the effect of two-stage chilling on eating quality of beef. Twenty crossbred cattle were selected (Yanbian cattle×Simmental cattle) to study the effect of two-stage chilling (TC -13--15°C for 2 h, air velocity of 3 m/s, then changed into conventional chilling till 24 h) and conventional chilling (CC 0-4°C for 24 h) on eating quality value of beef. The test results showed: Two-stage chilling increased the rate of the carcass temperature drop, decreased the rate of pH value drop, decreased evaporative loss of carcasses, helped to improve the color of beef, and increased shear stress, but had no significant effect on water holding capacity of beef. In the cattle slaughter process, the separate two-stage chilling treatment could decrease the tenderness of meat. With the increase of aging time, shear stress value would decrease. Electrical stimulation treatment should be combined with two-stage chilling to improve the eating quality of meat.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Quality control

Controlled terms: Cooling - Meats - pH effects - Quality assurance - Quality function deployment - Shear stress - Strength of materials - Total quality management

Uncontrolled terms:Aging time - Air velocities - Beef - Chilling treatments - Eating quality - Electrical stimulations - Evaporative loss - pH value - Sarcomere length - Temperature drops  - Test results - Two stage - Water holding capacity

Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 912.2 Management - 822.3 Food Products - 951 Materials Science - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 801.1 Chemistry, General

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.056

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

3.  Accession number: 20095012535499

Title: Corner extraction algorithm for high-resolution imagery of agricultural land

Authors: Sun, Xiaodan (1); Xu, Hanqiu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (2) Fuzhou Vocational and Technical College, Fuzhou 350108, China

Corresponding author: Sun, X.            (sxdan@yahoo.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:135-141

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: Based on the characteristics that the farmlands and ponds have significant corners in high-resolution image, the extraction of farmlands and ponds is achieved accurately in this paper. During the corner extraction procedure, according to the sensitivity of the corner direction change, traditional algorithm was improved with bidirectional analysis technology and more robust bidirectional TK (Tomasi-Kanade) corner detector was proposed. COVPEX (Corner validation based on corner property extraction) was used to validate result of corner detection. Authors found not only the pseudo-corners which were almost useless for image analysis but also the corner-clusters were presented in the validation result. The pseudo-corners reduce rationality of the results, and the corner-clusters destroy the uniqueness of corner. To solve the problems, COVPEX algorithm was improved by associating with multi-scale analysis technology, multi-scale COVPEX algorithm and the "removal corner-cluster" operation were proposed. The results showed that the accuracy and rationality of corner extraction were significantly improved.

Number of references:19

Main heading: Clustering algorithms

Controlled terms: Image analysis - Image recognition - Information analysis - Remote sensing

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural land - Bi-directional analysis - Corner detection - Corner detector - Corner property extraction - Corner validation - Direction change - Extraction algorithms - Extraction procedure - High resolution image  - High resolution imagery - Information Extraction - Multi scale analysis - Multiscales - Validation results

Classification code:903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 751.1 Acoustic Waves - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.025

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

4.  Accession number: 20095012535536

Title: Nondestructive examination of total sugar in tomatoes with near infrared spectroscopy based on wavelet transform

Authors: Ma, Lan (1); Xia, Junfang (1); Zhang, Zhanfeng (1); Wang, Zhishan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China

Corresponding author: Xia, J.

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:350-354

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: The noise of the near infrared spectrum of tomato was eliminated respectively in 11 kinds of spectral preprocessing methods of the wavelet denoising (WD), the constant offset (COE) and so on, WD was examined to be the optimal spectrum preprocessing method by comparing the prediction of the partial least squares (PLS) calibration model, And by optimizing several wavelength ranges of WD NIR spectra, the best wavelength ranges of 11998.9-6097.8 cm^-1 and 4601.3-4246.5 cm^-1 was obtained, in this spectral region, PLS model with WD spectrum was established, which gave a correlation coefficient (R) between prediction and actual of 0.930, a root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) of 0.466%, and a standard error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.469%, as well as a standard error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.260%. The results showed that the FT-NIR model treated by WD is feasible to detect total sugar content of tomatoes rapidly and nondestructively.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Infrared spectroscopy

Controlled terms: Calibration - Fruits - Infrared devices - Near infrared spectroscopy - Nondestructive examination - Sugar (sucrose) - Sugars - Wavelet transforms

Uncontrolled terms:Calibration model - Correlation coefficient - Cross validation - Near infrared spectra - NIR spectrum - Partial least squares - PLS models - Pre-processing method - Root mean square errors - Spectral preprocessing  - Spectral region - Standard error of calibrations - Standard error of prediction - Sugar content - Tomato - Wavelength ranges - Wavelet denoising

Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 822.3 Food Products - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422.2 Test Methods - 423.2 Test Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.063

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

5.  Accession number: 20095012536135

Title: Simulation analysis on fuel collection, processing, storage and transportation used in straw power plant

Authors: Yu, Xiaodong (1); Fan, Fengming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) National Bio Energy Technology Consulting Company Limited, Beijing 100027, China

Corresponding author:Yu, X.        (yuxiaodong@nbe.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:215-219

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: At present, the analysis on the theoretical model of the cost of fuel collection, processing, storage and transportation of domestic straw power plant is blank in the national area. In order to effectively control such cost and comprehend the changing tendency of the cost of raw straw and straw bale with different transportation distances, this paper established a model of the cost of fuel collection, processing, storage and transportation of domestic straw power plant, which was based on the data of the existing domestic power plants. By analyzing the changing tendency of the cost under different models and the fuel purchase of straw power plant with diverse purchase amount and radii, the paper proposed a superior model, which was meaningful and constructive in directing the construction of reasonable fuel collection, processing, storage and transportation model for different straw power plants as well as effectively reducing the cost of fuel.

Number of references: 18

Main heading: Fuel storage

Controlled terms: Cost benefit analysis - Cost reduction - Fuels - Power plants - Purchasing - Simulators - Transportation

Uncontrolled terms: Collection - Fuels processing - Simulation analysis - Straw bales - Theoretical models - Transportation distance - Transportation model

Classification code: 912.2 Management - 655.2 Satellites - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 662.1 Automobiles - 671 Naval Architecture - 694.4 Storage - 706 Electric Transmission and Distribution - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 431 Air Transportation - 432 Highway Transportation - 433 Railroad Transportation - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 434 Waterway Transportation - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.039

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

6.  Accession number: 20095012535487

Title: Effect evaluation of spatial allocation of water and soil conservation measures in Zhangjiakou area

Authors: He, Jijun (1); Cai, Qiangguo (2); Fang, Haiyan (2); Chen, Xiaoan (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Elementary Educational College, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100080, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author: Cai, Q.     (caiqg@igsnrr.ac.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:69-75

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: Based on the measured data of soil and water loss in the monitoring stations in different relief areas in Zhangjiakou, the spatial suitabilities of water and soil conservation measures were researched. The results showed that, in different relief sections of the sloping lands, the benefits of water and soil conservation for level terrace was the highest, which was larger than 90%, and that for the planted grass was the lowest, while that for the economy forestry was the median. For the waste land, the benefits of vegetation measure combined with level trench and/ or fish-scale pits, over 75%, was the best, those of natural restoration and planted grass measures occupied the median level with large spatial and temporal differences, and the main reasons could be attributed to the diversities of vegetation quality and soil properties. During the initial period of closure measure to controling soil and water loss, eco-recovery must depend on engineering measures to provide growing environment to vegetation.

Number of references: 18

Main heading: Soil conservation

Controlled terms: Agriculture - Cements - Erosion - Restoration - Sedimentology - Soils - Vegetation - Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Effect evaluation - Measured data - Monitoring stations - Natural restoration - Sloping land - Soil and water loss - Soil property - Spatial allocation - Temporal differences

Classification code:483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 539.1 Metals Corrosion - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.5 Maintenance - 481.1 Geology - 402 Buildings and Towers - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 409 Civil Engineering, General - 412.1 Cement - 444 Water Resources - 461.9 Biology

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.012

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

7.  Accession number: 20095012535490

Title: Modeling and simulation of shifting process in hydraulic machinery stepless transmission based on AMESim

Authors: Guo, Zhanzheng (1); Yuan, Shihua (1); Jing, Chongbo (1); Wei, Chao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Z.            (guozhanzheng@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:86-91

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: Mathematical models of hydraulic transmission and mechanical subsystem were built through studying the shifting process of hydraulic machinery stepless transmission. Simulation model of hydraulic machinery stepless transmission was established based on AMESim. Simulation model of hydraulic transmission was constructed in Matlab/Simulink, joint simulation was employed. From the analysis results, it is concluded that shifting process was influenced by the main parameters of hydraulic machinery stepless transmission. The research provides suggestions for better shifting qualities and making contol strategy.

Number of references:15

Main heading: Mathematical models

Controlled terms: Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulics - Metal analysis - Simulators

Uncontrolled terms: AMESim - Analysis results - Joint simulation - Main parameters - MATLAB /simulink - Mechanical sub-systems - Modeling and simulation - Shifting process - Simulation model

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 801 Chemistry - 671 Naval Architecture - 662.1 Automobiles - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 655.2 Satellites - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 632.1 Hydraulics - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.015

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

8.  Accession number: 20095012535498

Title: Optimization and reliability sensitivity analysis for cutter shaft of whole rice straw returning machine

Authors: Ge, Yiyuan (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Corresponding author: Wang, J.           (jinwuw@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:131-134

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to rationalize the design of the straw-mulching cutter shaft of the whole straw-returning machine (Model: 1ZT-210), fuzzy factors in the design were fully considered, and the wall thickness of the cutter shaft was obtained by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; and the reliability sensitivity matrix of the random variables effecting the cutter shaft's function was established. The design information of the reliability sensitivity of the cutter shaft was obtained by the computer programming. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis, extract reliability design parameters were selected, then the cross-sectional area of the cutter shaft was reduced by 39.17% compared with conventional design. A numerical example demonstrates that the result of presented method is accord with the qualitative analysis; the proposed method is efficient and accurate. The results of the field experiment manifest that the reliability sensitivity design makes the life of cutter shaft increase 560 hours, and the pass rate of weed buried raises to 95%.

Number of references:16

Main heading: Sensitivity analysis

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Computer programming - Machine design - Mining - Quality assurance - Quality control - Random processes - Random variables - Reliability analysis

Uncontrolled terms:Conventional design - Cross sectional area - Cutter shaft - Design information - Field experiment - Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation - Fuzzy factors - Numerical example - Pass rate - Qualitative analysis  - Reliability design - Reliability sensitivity - Rice straws - Wall thickness

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 922.1 Probability Theory - 731.1 Control Systems - 601 Mechanical Design - 502.1 Mine and Quarry Operations - 422.2 Test Methods - 723.1 Computer Programming

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.024

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

9.  Accession number: 20095012535494

Title: Dynamic characteristics of hydraulic pipelines of steering system of articulated vehicles

Authors:Hou, Youshan (1); Shi, Boqiang (1); Xiao, Chengyong (1); Wang, Hui (1); Guo, Pengyan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Corresponding author:Hou, Y.

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:112-116

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: For articulated vehicles steering system, the pipelines characteristics have great effects on the steering system performance, the impacts can not be ignored. Based on power bond graph-block diagram method and SIMULINK software, the general mathematical model of the hydraulic pipelines to the load of the articulated vehicles steering system was established. The dynamic characteristics of hydraulic pipelines of the articulated vehicles and the influence of the pipelines parameters on the articulated vehicles steering system were analyzed quantitatively. The study results show that for smaller diameter pipelines, the fluid resistance and fluid sense get larger, the fluid capacity gets smaller instead. The system oscillation amplitude is smaller and the dynamic response is faster; with an increase in the length of pipelines, the fluid sense, fluid resistance and fluid capacity are all increasing gradually, the system oscillation frequency reduces gradually, the oscillation amplitude also gradually decreases, but the dynamic response is getting slower. Increasing the oil volume elastic modulus of the system is conducive to improve the dynamic response speed and stability.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Steering

Controlled terms: Automobile steering equipment - Dynamic response - Fluids - Graph theory - Hydraulic equipment - Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulics - Mathematical models - Pipelines - Simulators

Uncontrolled terms: Articulated vehicle - Block diagram method - Bond graph - Dynamic characteristics - Fluid resistance - Oscillation amplitude - Simulink software - Steering systems - System oscillation

Classification code:932.2 Nuclear Physics - 662.1 Automobiles - 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 671 Naval Architecture - 671.2 Ship Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 931.1 Mechanics - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 408.1 Structural Design, General - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 655.2 Satellites - 631 Fluid Flow - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 632.1 Hydraulics

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.020

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

10.  Accession number: 20095012535483

Title: Real-time forecasting model of reference crop evapotranspiration based on support vector regression machines

Authors: Peng, Shizhang (1); Wei, Zheng (1); Xu, Junzeng (1); Jiao, Xiyun (1); Li, Panpan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Corresponding author: Peng, S.           (szpeng@hhu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:45-49

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: A support vector regression machines model for real-time forecasting of reference evapotranspiration was developed, based on the ideas of structural risk minimization of support vector machines, as well as the global optimum capacity via the nonlinear mapping to the high-dimensional space of the kernel function. The model input included maximum, minimum and average daily temperatures, weather index and wind scale. The observation data during the period from 2003 to 2005 at Nanjing, Jiangsu Province were used as training and validating data set. A support vector regression model and an add noised support vector regression model by noise were presented, and were compared with a BP neural network model. The results showed that the proposed model had high accuracy (effectiveness index is 87.93%, the average error is 0.2609, the passing rate is 87.4%), compared with the BP neural model (effectiveness index was 78.91%, the average error was 0.2609, the passing rate was 76.8%), it has superior generalization capacity, the generalization ability will not reduce by noise, it has a strong adaptability and portability parameters.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Regression analysis

Controlled terms: Evapotranspiration - Forecasting - Learning algorithms - Learning systems - Neural networks - Vectors - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:Average errors - BP neural network model - By noise - Crop evapotranspiration - Daily temperatures - Data sets - Generalization ability - Generalization capacity - Global optimum - High dimensional spaces  - Jiangsu province - Kernel function - Model inputs - Nanjing - Neural models - Nonlinear mappings - Observation data - Real-time forecasting - Reference evapotranspiration - Structural risk minimization  - Support vector regression machines - Support vector regression models - Weather index

Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.1 Algebra - 921 Mathematics - 912.2 Management - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 731.5 Robotics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.1 Surface Water

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.008

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

11.  Accession number: 20095012535476

Title: Effects of different irrigation patterns on root growth and water use efficiency of maize

Authors: Zhang, Suiqi (1); Zhou, Xiaoping (1); Mu, Zixin (1); Shan, Lun (1); Liu, Xiaofang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming of the Loess Plateau, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, S.         (sqzhang@ms.iswc.ac.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 10

Issue date: October 2009

Publication year: 2009

Pages:1-6

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation patterns on root growth and water use efficiency of maize and the differences among genotypes, the field and rain-out shelter experiment with different genotypes of maize (hybrid Hudan 4 and its parents 803 and Tian 4) were carried out. The result showed that hybrid maize Hudan 4 existed marked heterosis in root growth, root profile distribution and water use efficiency. The root length density of hybrid maize Hudan 4 was higher than that of its parents at shallow soil layer under full irrigation condition, but the root length density of Hudan 4 was markedly higher than that of its parents at whole soil profile under water stress conditions. Meanwhile, the root system distribution of same maize genotypes were different under different irrigation patterns. Compared with fully irrigation, no irrigation at jointing stage resulted in the more root distribution at deeper soil layer, which ensured the uptake and use of deeper soil layer water for maize. Root growth produced obvious compensation effect irrigated at later stage (head and filling stage), decline rate of root growth was alleviated at shallow soil layer. Water use efficiency of maize was markedly increased with no irrigation at jointing stage and rewatering at head and filling stage. Therefore, optimizing root profile distribution by rational irrigation is reliable approaches to raise water use efficiency of maize under drought conditions.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Irrigation

Controlled terms: Biochemical oxygen demand - Crops - Drought - Plants (botany) - Soils - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:Compensation effect - Compensation effects - Root length density - Water use efficiency - Water-water

Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology - 453 Water Pollution - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 443.3 Precipitation - 452.2 Sewage Treatment

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.001

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

12.  Accession number: 20095012535528

Title: Effect of modified atmosphere package with varying oxygen concentrations combined with controlled freezing-point storage on pork fresh-keeping

Authors: Xie, Jing (1); Li, Jianxiong (1); Pan, Yingjie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Corresponding author: Xie, J.       (jxie@shou.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 25

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:307-311

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Effect of modified atmosphere packaging with varying oxygen concentrations combined controlled freezing-point storage on pork fresh-keeping was studied. By determining physicochemical parameters such as total plate count, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), drip loss, water holding capacity and color, the qualities of pork under controlled freezing-point storage, chill storage, vacuum package+controlled freezing-point storage, 20%CO<inf>2</inf>+80%O<inf>2</inf> (high oxygen)+controlled freezing-point storage, 20%CO<inf>2</inf>+20%O<inf>2</inf>+60%N<inf>2</inf> (low oxygen)+controlled freezing-point storage and 20%CO<inf>2</inf>+80%N<inf>2</inf>(no oxygen)+controlled freezing-point storage were compared. It showed that total plate count under high oxygen and low oxygen did not exceed the hygiene standard of pork after twenty-four days, and there was no significant difference between them(P&gt;0.05). High oxygen modified atmosphere package(MAP) and low oxygen MAP maintained the color better. The drip losses of high oxygen MAP and low oxygen MAP after eight days were significantly higher than that of controlled freezing-point storage (P&lt;0.05) and no oxygen MAP, and the drip loss of high oxygen MAP was significantly higher than that of low oxygen MAP after twelve days (P&lt;0.05), in addition, the water holding capacity of high oxygen MAP was significantly higher than that of low oxygen MAP after eight days (P&lt;0.05). Both high oxygen MAP and low oxygen MAP combined controlled freezing-point storage could maintain the favorable color long time and inhibit microorganism reproduce, however, each of them has advantages either in drip loss water or holding capacity.

Number of references:20

Main heading:Quality control

Controlled terms:Color - Food processing - Freezing - Meats - Oxygen - Packaging - Parameter estimation

Uncontrolled terms:Controlled freezing-point - Drip loss - Freezing point - Holding capacity - Low oxygen - Modified atmosphere - Modified atmosphere package - Modified atmosphere packaging - Oxygen concentrations - Physicochemical parameters  - Total plate count - Vacuum package - Water holding capacity

Classification code:913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 822.3 Food Products - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 741.1 Light/Optics - 731.1 Control Systems - 694.1 Packaging - 644.1 Refrigeration Methods

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.055

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

13.  Accession number:20095012535537

Title:Effects of microwave extraction on characteristics of polysaccharides from cherry, kiwi and wolfberry

Authors:Fan, Huiping (1); Fu, Feng (2); Mazza, Giuseppe (3); Hu, Xiaosong (1); Liao, Xiaojun (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Henan Station for Supervision and Inspection of Grain, Oil and Feed Product Quality, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (3) Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada

Corresponding author:Liao, X.            (liaoxjun@hotmail.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:355-360

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is a rapidly developing new technology for extracting natural compounds. The effects of MAE on the yield, structure and bioactivity of polysaccharides from cherry, kiwi and wolfberry fruits were investigated. Water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) from those fruits were extracted by a boiling water procedure (BW) and MAE. The MAE was performed at microwave power of 1000 W and heating temperature of 140&deg;C. The extraction time was 5, 10 and 20 min, respectively. Results showed that the yield, relative molecular weight and antioxidant activities of WSP extracted by MAE were lower than those extracted by BW. The molecular weight of WSP was decreasing with the increase of microwave extraction time, however, the yield and antioxidant activities of WSP had no significant change when the microwave extraction time increased from 5 min to 20 min. The sugar composition of WSP by MAE was different from that by BW. The results provide usefully references for the extraction of fruit polysaccharides by microwave technique and the polysaccharides quality control during extraction.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Solvent extraction

Controlled terms:Biopolymers - Fruits - Microwave devices - Microwaves - Molecular weight - Polysaccharides - Quality function deployment - Sugar (sucrose) - Sugars - Total quality management  - Waterworks

Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant activities - Antioxidant activity - Boiling water - Extraction time - Heating temperatures - Microwave extraction - Microwave power - Microwave technique - Microwave-assisted extraction - Natural compounds  - New technologies - Sugar composition - Water-soluble polysaccharides

Classification code:815.1 Polymeric Materials - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 822.3 Food Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 912.2 Management - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 446 Waterworks - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 801 Chemistry

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.064

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

14.  Accession number:20095012535506

Title:Improved 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm and its application to cucumber target segmentation

Authors:Sun, Jun (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) School of Electrical and Information Engineering of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Corresponding author:Sun, J.       (sun2000jun@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:176-181

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to improve the wide adaptability and the real-time processing property of image threshold segmentation algorithm, a 2D maximum between-cluster variance image segmentation algorithm was brought forward. On the base of 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm, the impact of the size of the neighborhood template on the best threshold value was studied, and not only the gray level information of each pixel and its spatial correlation information within the neighborhood, but also the dimension of neighborhood domain were encoded by genetic factors. The small range of the optimal threshold was gotten based on genetic algorithm, and in the small range, the global optimal threshold was found based on the second genetic algorithm computing. The improved algorithm was applied into cucumber computer vision system. The experiment results showed that, the consuming time of computing between-cluster variance of 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm based on two level genetic algorithm was 0.18% more than that of 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm, and was 46.87% more than that of Otsu algorithm. At the same time, the consuming time of computing between-cluster variance of 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm spent shorter time on running and had better segmentation effect than that of the traditional algorithms such as 2D maximum between-cluster variance algorithm and Otsu algorithm. The improved segmentation algorithm provides a new real-time image segmentation method for the object recognition field, so it has a certain promotion value.

Number of references:15

Main heading:Clustering algorithms

Controlled terms:Computation theory - Computer vision - Digital image storage - Genetic algorithms - Image segmentation - Object recognition - Threshold logic

Uncontrolled terms:2 dimensional - Algorithm threshold - Computer vision system - Genetic factors - Gray levels - Image threshold - Improved algorithm - Optimal threshold - Otsu algorithm - Real time image segmentation  - Realtime processing - Segmentation algorithms - Spatial correlations - Target segmentation - Variance images

Classification code:731.6 Robot Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.2 Vision - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 921 Mathematics - 751.1 Acoustic Waves - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 721.2 Logic Elements - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 721.3 Computer Circuits - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.032

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

15.  Accession number:20095012535480

Title:Influence of herbaceous plants on runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation on terrene roads

Authors:Tian, Fengxia (1); Liu, Gang (1); Zheng, Shiqing (1); Ma, Chunyan (1); Zhang, Qiong (2)

Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Corresponding author:Zheng, S.          (Zheng-shiqing@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:25-29

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Indoor rainfall simulation was employed to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of runoff, and runoff generation and sediment generation processes on terrene roads with different coverage degrees of herbaceous plants. The study indicated that on the roads the Froude numbers and Reynolds numbers of runoff fell into the category of supercritical flow of laminar flow. Their unit energies were consistent with the runoff velocity and water-carrying section, which were decreased with the increasing of the coverage degrees of herbaceous plants. The Manning roughness coefficients and the Darcy-weisbach friction coefficients increased as the coverage degrees increased. On the terrene roads with different coverage degrees, the amounts of runoff initially increased sharply and then stabilized with runoff-lasting time. Both the amounts of runoff and the runoff-lasting time were following an offset hyperbola, whereas the sediment yield rates initially increased and then declined. With the increasing of coverage degrees, the infiltration rates of water into the terrene roads gradually increased and the amounts of runoff, sediment yield rates and sediment concentration all gradually decreased. The study revealed that on terrene roads herbaceous plants could play a favorable role in soil and water conservation and provided a theoretical basis for understanding the relations between herbaceous plants and soil erosion.

Number of references:22

Main heading:Runoff

Controlled terms:Buoyancy - Cloud seeding - Erosion - Fluid dynamics - Friction - Hydraulics - Hydrodynamics - Infiltration - Laminar flow - Reynolds number  - Roads and streets - Sedimentology - Soil conservation - Soils - Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms:Coverage degree - Friction coefficients - Generation process - Herbaceous plants - Hydraulic characteristic - Infiltration rate - Lasting time - Manning Roughness Coefficient - Rainfall simulations - Runoff generation  - Runoff velocity - Sediment concentration - Sediment reduction - Sediment yields - Soil and water conservation - Soil erosion - Supercritical flow - Terrene road - Theoretical basis

Classification code:631 Fluid Flow - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 631.2 Hydrodynamics - 539.1 Metals Corrosion - 632.1 Hydraulics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 442.1 Flood Control - 443.3 Precipitation - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 444 Water Resources - 452.1 Sewage - 481.1 Geology - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 444.1 Surface Water

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.005

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

16.  Accession number:20095012535516

Title:Performance of mixed salt solution in solar dehumidification system

Authors:Ding, Tao (1); Huang, Zhidong (1); Wang, Pingzhi (1); Zhao, Weijin (3); Li, Baoming (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Zhejiang Tianxi Group Company, Lishui 321400, China

Corresponding author:Li, B.         (libm@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:236-240

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The technology of liquid desiccant and solar regeneration, is the key technical problems of evaporative cooling in high temperature and humidity region. Through the experimental measurement, the relationship between the density and the different quality percentage of calcium chloride (CaCl<inf>2</inf>) and chloride lithium (LiCl) mixture liquid (molar ratio of 1:1) was studied. Also the relationships between the import of air temperature, humidity, air flow, salt solution flow, the solution quality concentration, water vapor pressure difference and the dehumidification were studied. The conclusion is that density of the mixture is very approximate to that of the solution component (CaCl<inf>2</inf>), and the important effect element of dehumidification is the differential pressure between the heat and mass transfer process in the air and solution. According to the experimental research of Ertas, the author got the vapor pressure calculation formula of the mixture calcium chloride (CaCl<inf>2</inf>) and chloride lithium (LiCl) with quality percentage of 20%-40%, and the formula of the differential vapor pressure and the dehumidification. This research provides a new thinking for dehumidifying technology of greenhouse facilities and livestock and poultry houses.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Water vapor

Controlled terms:Agriculture - Calcium - Calcium alloys - Calcium chloride - Cooling - Evaporative cooling systems - High temperature operations - Humidity control - Hydrostatic pressure - Liquids  - Lithium - Mass transfer - Mixtures - Moisture - Pressure effects - Solar energy - Solar radiation - Vapor pressure

Uncontrolled terms:Air flow - Air temperature - Density - Differential pressures - Differential water vapor pressure - Evaporative cooling - Experimental measurements - Experimental research - Heat and mass transfer - High temperature  - Liquid desiccant - Mixed salts - Molar ratio - Poultry house - Salt solution - Solar dehumidification system - Solar regeneration - Solution components - Solution quality - Technical problem

Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 643.3 Air Conditioning - 643.4 Air Conditioning Equipment and Components - 644.3 Refrigeration Equipment and Components - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 931.1 Mechanics - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 402 Buildings and Towers - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 542.4 Lithium and Alloys - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 615.2 Solar Power

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.043

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

17.  Accession number:20095012535535

Title:Simplification of model for tea caffeine detection by near infrared spectroscopy

Authors:Geng, Xiang (1); Chen, Bin (1); Ye, Jing (1); Yan, Hui (1); Hu, Yongguang (2)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Corresponding author:Chen, B.            (ncp@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:345-349

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Wavelet packet analysis-moving window partial least square(WPA-MWPLS) data processing method was utilized to rapidly detect the caffeine content in tea by near-infrared spectroscopy. Fine multi-level decomposition function of wavelet packet was used to subtract background and noise. At the same time, MWPLS was used to select wavelength ranges that had good relevance with caffeine content in the tea. And then, an adjusted model was established with partial least square. Compared with the model built with the pretreatment of Savitzky-Golay smooth, the prediction correlation coefficient of the model with WPA-MWPLS increased from 0.9170 to 0.9625 and the root mean squared error was reduced from 0.3071 to 0.2463. This method has such advantages as simple pretreatment, few parameters to optimize, and a small number of variables, thus it greatly simplifies the modeling process and enhances the efficiency in building and analyzing the models.

Number of references:19

Main heading:Infrared spectroscopy

Controlled terms:Data processing - Infrared devices - Near infrared spectroscopy - Spectrum analysis - Wavelet analysis - Wavelet decomposition - Windows

Uncontrolled terms:Caffeine contents - Correlation coefficient - Data processing methods - In-buildings - Modeling process - Moving window - Multi-level - Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) - Partial least squares - Pre-Treatment  - Root mean squared errors - Savitzky-Golay - Wavelength ranges - Wavelet Packet - Wavelet Packet Analysis

Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 703.2.1 Electric Filter Analysis - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 741.1 Light/Optics - 402 Buildings and Towers - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 812.3 Glass - 921 Mathematics - 801 Chemistry

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.062

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

18.  Accession number:20095012535533

Title:Optimization of explosion puffing drying for pineapple at variable temperature and pressure difference

Authors:Bi, Jinfeng (1); Fang, Lei (2); Ding, Yuanyuan (1); Wang, Pei (1); Bai, Shasha (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agriculture Product Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Processing, Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China

Corresponding author:Bi, J.         (bijinfeng2010@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:334-339

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:A three-factor quadratic regression rotation combination design was adopted to optimize the technical conditions of explosion puffing drying for pineapple at variable temperature and pressure difference based on the single factor experiment. The effects of puffing temperature(X<inf>1</inf>), puffing pressure(X<inf>2</inf>), vacuum drying time(X<inf>3</inf>) and the interaction of the three factors on water content(Y<inf>1</inf>), color(Y<inf>2</inf>), hardness(Y<inf>3</inf>) and crispness(Y<inf>4</inf>) of product were analyzed. Based on the experimental data, the quadratic regression models of four indexes were deduced, then variables were analyzed with response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized technical conditions of explosion puffing drying for pineapple at variable temperature and pressure difference were obtained. The results indicated the four indexes were affected evidently by the three factors, and the interaction of the three factors. The optimal technical conditions were obtained as follows: puffing temperature of 115-123&deg;C, puffing pressure of 0.04-0.08 MPa, vacuum drying time of 2-3 h.

Number of references:22

Main heading:Drying

Controlled terms:Curing - Dewatering - Explosions - Fruits - Optimization - Regression analysis - Surface properties - Vacuum - Water content

Uncontrolled terms:Combination design - Experimental data - Pineapple - Pressure differences - Pressure response - Quadratic regression - Response surface methodology - Technical conditions - Vacuum drying - Variable temperature

Classification code:951 Materials Science - 818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 642.1 Process Heating - 633 Vacuum Technology - 502.1 Mine and Quarry Operations - 444 Water Resources - 802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.060

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

19.  Accession number:20095012535526

Title:Design and key techniques on U-shaped tunnel-drying room for aquatic products

Authors:Wang, Jihuan (1); Liu, Qijue (2)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (2) School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China

Corresponding author:Wang, J.            (wangjihuan@whpu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:296-301

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In the process of aquatic products drying, there are problems of dewatering too fast on the surface and water spread passage blocking, which cause high moisture unevenness and affect the product quality after drying. For solving the problems, authors designed a U-shaped tunnel-drying room for aquatic products. Some key techniques were analyzed and studied, which contains cross flow drying, switching forward and reverse airflow, on-line controlling of temperature and humidity of drying medium and circulating use of heat energy etc.. Compared with single as well as double passageway drying room, evenness of hotting air temperature in U model tunnel was improved, utilization ratio of heat energy was increased, drying time was cut down, and the output of unit volume was increased. The spot experiment of drying grass carp stated that moisture content of products were well distributed after drying, heat energy can be saved about 30% and drying time can be cut down approximate to 30%.

Number of references:12

Main heading:Drying

Controlled terms:Curing - Dewatering - Heat losses - Humidity control - Moisture - Temperature control - Tunnels - Wind tunnels

Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Aquatic products - Cross flows - Drying medium - Drying time - Grass carp - Heat energy - High moisture - Key techniques - Moisture contents  - Product quality - Spot experiments - U-model - U-shaped - Unit volume - Utilization ratios

Classification code:818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing - 651.2 Wind Tunnels - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 643.3 Air Conditioning - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 422.1 Test Equipment - 402 Buildings and Towers - 401.2 Tunnels and Tunneling - 642.1 Process Heating

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.053

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

20.  Accession number:20095012535491

Title:Design of 4YQK-2 combine harvester for corn and straw ensilage

Authors:Cong, Hongbin (1); Li, Mingli (1); Li, Ruxin (1); Wang, Keheng (2); He, Weining (3); Zhao, He (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China; (2) Shandong Juming (Group) Machinery Co., Ltd, Zibo 256400, China; (3) Tai'an Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Tai'an 271000, China

Corresponding author:Li, R.         (rxli@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:96-100

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to improve straw ensilage efficiency, reduce straw ensilage working links and manual consumption, authors developed 4YQK-2 combine harvester for corn and straw ensilage by optimizing the combination and improving the design of the working units based on existing corn harvest and straw ensilage mechanization technologies. The combine harvester was mainly composed of harvest header for corn and straw, straw blower, baling unit and automatic control system on feed stock and rope-send. It was able to harvest corn ear, meanwhile, the stems were collected, shredded, conveyed and baled, so the aim of function integration and phase coupling were achieved. Harvester for corn and straw utilized vertical cutters to shred stems and throw straw which could be transported by two-stage screw conveyors. Its structure was simple. Automatic control system on feed stock and rope-send adopted electromechanical integration technology to actualize the process control of feeding straw and sending rope. Experiments showed that the combine harvester was able to work safely and reliably, and had perfect effect of shredding, breaking and bundling for stems. It can meet the technical requirements of straw ensilage.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Harvesters

Controlled terms:Automation - Combines - Control - Design - Harvesting - Machinery - Mechanization - Process control - Rope

Uncontrolled terms:Automatic control systems - Combine harvesters - Corn - Function integration - Integration technologies - Phase coupling - Technical requirement - Two stage

Classification code:902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 819.4 Fiber Products - 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 601 Mechanical Design - 535 Rolling, Forging and Forming - 408 Structural Design

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.017

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

21.  Accession number:20095012535525

Title:Concept and method for type division of land development and consolidation project

Authors:Cai, Haisheng (1); Chen, Meiqiu (1); Zhao, Jianning (2); Zeng, Heng (2); Zhang, Xueling (3)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (2) Jiangxi Province Land Development Reorganization Center, Nanchang 330002, China; (3) College of Vocation Education and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Corresponding author:Zhang, X.          (ok-zhangxl@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:290-295

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The types division of land development and consolidation project is the main part of land consolidation project construction standard. Based on previous studies, the basic concept, divide arrangement, principal characteristic, and the theory basis of division of land development and consolidation project was discussed. The research method, basic frame, technology route and research trend of types division of land development and consolidation project were put forward. As a result, the index of types division of land development and consolidation project should include landform, climate, soil type, the limiting factor of land use, and so on to realized interspace arrange and direction of subarea by the types division. The tend of types division of land development and consolidation project included standardization of project mode, landscape eco-planning of farmland, and communication management of land development and consolidation project, and so on. It is significant for establishment standard, types division and management of land development and consolidation project.

Number of references:17

Main heading:Standardization

Controlled terms:Land use - Planning

Uncontrolled terms:Basic concepts - Communication management - Concept - Consolidation projects - Land development - Limiting factors - research methods - Research trends - Soil types

Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 912.2 Management

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.052

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

22.  Accession number:20095012535507

Title:Slanting degree calculation of storage grain insect's image based on Zernike moment

Authors:Tan, Zuojun (1); Li, Jun (2); Xie, Jing (1); Hou, Dejia (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Basic Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) School of Electronic Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China

Corresponding author:Li, J.          (laserjungle@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:182-185

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Automatic recognition for storage grain insects outside grain kernels has been a hotspot of research interests in the field of storage grain insects. Because some dimensionless characteristics in image of storage grain insects lost rotation invariance, the slanting degree of the storage grain insect's image must be computed in order to construct the optimal knowledge base suitable for classification. The theory of computing slanting degree of image based on Zernike moment has been analyzed. Because Zernike moment is rotationally invariant, the method based on Zernike moment was introduced, which computes the slanting degree of the stored-grain insect's image that does not have obvious linear characteristic. The experiment shows that the method can measure the slanting degree of the storage grain Insects image well with high accuracy. The method is insensitive to noise owing to Zernike moment's good anti-noise interference capability. The method is also applied in others image which does not have linear characteristic.

Number of references:14

Main heading:Method of moments

Controlled terms:Computation theory - Knowledge based systems - Pattern recognition

Uncontrolled terms:Anti-noise interference - Automatic recognition - Grain kernels - Hot spot - Image wells - Image-based - Knowledge base - Linear characteristics - Rotation invariance - Skew detection  - Storage grain insects - Zernike moments

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 751.1 Acoustic Waves - 741.1 Light/Optics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.4.1 Expert Systems - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.033

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

23.  Accession number:20095012535513

Title:Effects of household biogas pond construction on energy-saving, emission-reducing and increase in farmers' income

Authors:Shen, Lianfeng (1); Wang, Qian (1); Xuan, Zhan (2); Ma, Qiaoli (2); Zhao, Qiuyi (2); Zhang, Quanguo (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Monitoring Station of Agricultural Environmental Protection of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Corresponding author:Zhang, Q.          (wangqianhau@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:220-225

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Referring to the environmental impact assessment work of the rural energy ecological construction project using Asain Bank loans in Henan province, the author selected different ecological patterns in proportion from nine countrysides in nine counties, and from start to end, the project spent two years to investigate more than 80 indexes which included the farmers' energy consumption, energy consumption costs, agricultural production investment and output, and so on in biogas using farmers and non-biogas using farmers. Biogas construction's promotion of the planting and breeding and the pollution gas emission-reducing were also quantitatively analysed. The analysis results showed that biogas construction greatly reduced the consumption of traditional energy, saved energy consumption costs, reduced gas emissions and significantly increased economical income of the planting and breeding. Clearly, household biogas pond construction has obvious energy efficiency, economic, environmental and social benefits.

Number of references:20

Main heading:Investments

Controlled terms:Agriculture - Biogas - Construction industry - Cost benefit analysis - Cost reduction - Energy efficiency - Environmental impact - Environmental impact assessments - Gas emissions - Leakage (fluid)

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Analysis results - Bank loans - Biogas energy - Ecological construction - Energy consumption - Energy saving - Henan Province - Pond construction - Rural energy  - Social benefits

Classification code:912.2 Management - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 522 Gas Fuels - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 452.1 Sewage - 451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 405 Construction Equipment and Methods; Surveying - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.040

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

24.  Accession number:20095012535496

Title:Flexible end-effector based on flexible pneumatic actuator and its grasping model

Authors:Bao, Guanjun (1); Gao, Feng (1); Xun, Yi (1); Du, Mingyu (1); Yang, Qinghua (1)

Author affiliation:(1) The MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacture and Automation, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China

Corresponding author:Yang, Q.           (robot@zjut.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:121-126

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Taking into account the disadvantages of rigid grasping end-effectors for agricultural fruits, such as low complaisance and easy to hurt the grasping object, authors designed a type of flexible end-effector, which took three pneumatic flexible bending joints as its fingers and one flexible pneumatic torsion joint as its wrist. The mathematical models for fingers and wrist of the end-effector were presented. According to the shapes of grasping objects, the end-effector's gripping model for grasping columniform objects and holding model for grasping spheroidal objects were analyzed in detail. Simulation and experiments were conducted to study the impact of weight and radius of the grasping object to the air pressure inside the end-effector. The results showed that the mathematical models can represent the essential characteristics of the end-effector. The flexible end-effector can be applied in agricultural fruits picking task.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Mathematical models

Controlled terms:Atmospheric pressure - End effectors - Flexible manipulators - Fruits - Pneumatics - Simulators

Uncontrolled terms:Air pressures - Essential characteristic - Flexible joint model - Flexible pneumatic actuator - Flexible pneumatic torsion joints - Grasping objects - Picking robot

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 731.6 Robot Applications - 731.5 Robotics - 691.1 Materials Handling Equipment - 671 Naval Architecture - 662.1 Automobiles - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 655.2 Satellites - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 632.3 Pneumatics - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.022

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

25.  Accession number:20095012535531

Title:Respiration model for lotus root slices under ozone fresh-keeping conditions

Authors:Hao, Yulong (1); Xu, Weiming (1)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China

Corresponding author:Hao, Y.       (haoyulong888@yahoo.com.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:324-327

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to study the theory of ozone preservation, according to the relationship between the respiration of fruits and vegetables and the permeability of film, the respiration model was established in pack which used ozone as the fresh atmosphere. Package bag with composite film PA/PE containing lotus root slices was taken as example, and the model parameters were identified by genetic algorithm (GA). In addition, the changes of gaseous concentration in package bag at different temperatures were simulated. The results show that the simulative value and actual value can be well matched, thus the simulative value can provide academic guidance for the design of fresh-keeping and package for fruits and vegetables based on ozone.

Number of references:13

Main heading:Ozone

Controlled terms:Composite films - Fruits - Genetic algorithms - Identification (control systems)

Uncontrolled terms:Lotus root slice - Model parameters - Parameter identification

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 712.1 Semiconducting Materials

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.058

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

26.  Accession number:20095012535484

Title:Prediction of reference crop evapotranspiration with grey model in Xinjiang region

Authors:Zhao, Xu (1); Li, Yi (1); Liu, Junmin (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Northwest Agriculture and Foresty University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Bincheng District Authority of Agricultural Machinery, Binzhou 256600, China

Corresponding author:Li, Y.         (liyikitty@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:50-56

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Based on daily meteorological observation data of six stations in Xinjiang region, Penman-Monteith equation was used to calculate daily reference crop evapotranspiration(ET<inf>0</inf>). The rescaled range analysis method was applied to analyze future tendency of annual ET<inf>0</inf>. Grey relational theory was used to calculate the correlation degree and order between meteorological factors and annual ET<inf>0</inf> for each station. Based on that, grey information renewal GM(1, h) model of unequal dimensions which was established by the grey systematic theory was used to simulate and predict annual ET<inf>0</inf> of the six stations, and GM(1, h) model was compared with it. The results showed that the tendency of month ET<inf>0</inf> was parabola, and the sequence of ET<inf>0</inf> variation with month was Ruoqiang &gt; Tulufan &gt; Hami &gt; Kashi &gt; Hetian &gt; Yining, respectively. From April to September, the Hurst indice of annual ET<inf>0</inf> in six stations were all larger than 0.5, the future tend of stations were still volatility decreasing which were positively related to their history. In general, the annual ET<inf>0</inf> values of various stations were mostly affected by average temperature, sunshine hours, saturated pressure difference. The relative error limits for the predictions using grey information renewal GM(1, h) model of unequal dimensions ranged from 0 to 7.31%, with obviously high accuracy of prediction than GM(1, 1) model. This study shows that accuracy of predicting reference crop evapotranspiration in Xinjiang region is relatively good.

Number of references:24

Main heading:Granular materials

Controlled terms:Crops - Evapotranspiration - Statistics - Water supply - Weather forecasting

Uncontrolled terms:1) model - Average temperature - Correlation degree - Crop evapotranspiration - GM (1 , 1) model - Grey Model - Grey relation - Grey-relational theory - Information renewal of unequal dimensions - Meteorological factors  - Meteorological observation - Penman-Monteith equations - Pressure differences - Relative errors - Rescaled range analysis - Sunshine Hour - Xinjiang

Classification code:951 Materials Science - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.1 Surface Water - 443 Meteorology

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.009

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

27.  Accession number:20095012535495

Title:Effects of alfalfa powder on friction and wear behavior of 45# steel

Authors:Zhang, Wei (1); Wu, Jianmin (1); Wu, Jinfeng (1); Zhao, Wuyun (1); Huang, Xiaopeng (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Corresponding author:Zhang, W.         (zhangw@gsau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:117-120

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The influence of the abrasive size, rotation speed and load on the wear properties of 45# steel was investigated on grinding abrasion testing machine by using quadratic orthogonal rotational regression method with alfalfa powder, and the best conditions of the wear test was determined. Under this condition, authors made a further study on the soft abrasive wear behavior of alfalfa powder to 45# steel and observed the worn surface morphology of the metals by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the influence factors of the wear properties were rotation speed, the abrasive size and load in the order of importance, and the wear properties of 45# steel was better in subcritical quenching than in annealing; The wear of 45# steel was caused by the hard and soft abrasive formed by alfalfa powder.The soft abrasive wear of annealing 45# steel was dominated by the fatigue wear, while the wear of quenching 45# steel was dominated by the micro-cutting wear.

Number of references:11

Main heading:Metal analysis

Controlled terms:Abrasion - Abrasive cutting - Abrasives - Annealing - Load testing - Powder metals - Quenching - Regression analysis - Rotation - Scanning electron microscopy  - Steel testing

Uncontrolled terms:45 steel - Abrasion testing - Abrasive size - Abrasive wear behavior - Abrasive wears - Alfalfa powder - Fatigue wear - Friction and wear behaviors - Influence factors - Micro-cutting  - Powder annealing - Regression method - Rotation speed - Scanning electron microscopes - Steel wear - Subcritical quenching - Wear properties - Wear test - Worn surface morphology

Classification code:606.2 Abrasive Devices and Processes - 741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 606.1 Abrasive Materials - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials Science - 931.1 Mechanics - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 422.2 Test Methods - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 536 Powder Metallurgy - 545.3 Steel - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.021

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

28.  Accession number:20095012535501

Title:Application of BEPS model in estimating winter wheat yield in North China Plain

Authors:Wang, Peijuan (1); Xie, Donghui (3); Zhang, Jiahua (1); Sun, Rui (3); Chen, Shenghai (4); Zhu, Qijiang (3)

Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, China; (3) Beijing Normal University School of Geography, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities, Beijing 100875, China; (4) Institute of Changjiang, East China Institute of Technology, NanChang 330013, China

Corresponding author:Wang, P.            (wangpj@cams.cma.gov.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:148-153

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Food is the foundation for any production and subsistence. It is important for making national grain policy to estimate yield of winter wheat accurately. In this paper, with the character of BEPS (boreal ecosystem productivity simulator) in simulating vegetation net primary productivity, its applicability and limitation were analyzed in estimating yield of winter wheat. According to the characteristics of winter wheat and forest canopy, a hypothesis about horizontal homogeneous, vertical layered was made. Based on the radiative transfer equation, two-big-leaf model in BEPS model is modified into multilayer-two-big-leaf model. Meanwhile, net primary productivity of winter wheat was converted into yield using harvest index. So the modified BEPS was applied to estimate yield of winter wheat in North China Plain. The simulated yield agrees well with observations from agro-meteorological stations and the R2 reaches to 0.817. This study demonstrates that modified BEPS can be used to estimate yield of winter wheat in North China Plain if remotely sensed imageries are available.

Number of references:27

Main heading:Simulators

Controlled terms:Ecosystems - Forestry - Photosynthesis - Phytoplankton - Productivity - Remote sensing

Uncontrolled terms:Boreal ecosystem productivity simulator (BEPS) - Boreal ecosystems - Ecosystem model - Forest canopies - Harvest index - Meteorological station - Net primary productivity - North China Plain - Radiative transfer equations - Remotely sensed imagery  - Winter wheat

Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 662.1 Automobiles - 671 Naval Architecture - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461.9 Biology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 655.2 Satellites

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.027

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

29.  Accession number:20095012535486

Title:Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity changes in Jiangxi province over more than 50 years

Authors:Ma, Liang (1); Jiang, Guanghui (1); Zuo, Changqing (3); Qiu, Guoyu (1); Huo, Huige (1)

Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing 100875, China; (2) College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (3) Research Center on Soil and Water Conservation of the Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100044, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment of Shandong Province, Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan 250013, China

Corresponding author:Jiang, G.           (macrophage@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:61-68

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The study of spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity changes is of great significance to discover the formation mechanism and evolution process of soil water erosion. On the basis of precipitation database from 1957 to 2008 collected by 16 meteorological stations in Jiangxi province, the temporal changes of long time series and its spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity were analyzed , which could be the foundation in the study of the consequences of climatic change on soil erosion. Methods of Mann-Kendall test and interpolation of radial basis functions were employed. The results showed that mean annual rainfall erosivity was in an increasing trend and the growth was mainly put in position in relation to other things occurred in summer, especially July and August. Local spatial variation of erosivity was very distinct in Jiangxi province. There were three distinct erosivity- increasing centers (northwest, Zhangshu city and southwest of Jiangxi province) and three distinct decreasing centers (East, West and southeast of Jiangxi province). These regions such as northwest, southwest of Jiangxi province where the rainfall erosivity increased consistently in the past 52 years, should be the priority areas to control soil and water erosion especially.

Number of references:23

Main heading:Soil surveys

Controlled terms:Erosion - Radial basis function networks - Rain - Soil moisture - Time series - Time series analysis - Underwater soils

Uncontrolled terms:Annual rainfall - Climatic changes - Erosivity - Evolution process - Formation mechanism - Jiangxi Province - Long time series - Mann-Kendall - Mann-Kendall test - Meteorological station  - Radial basis functions - Rainfall erosivity - Series analysis - Soil and water - Soil erosion - Spatial and temporal distribution - Spatial characteristics - Spatial distribution - Spatial variations - Temporal change  - Test

Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 539.1 Metals Corrosion - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 471.1 Oceanography, General - 443.3 Precipitation - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 406.2 Roads and Streets

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.011

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

30.  Accession number:20095012535534

Title:Experiment on automatic shape identification of hatching eggs based on improved genetic algorithm neural network

Authors:Yu, Zhihong (1); Wang, Shuanqiao (1); Zhang, Ping (1); Jia, Chao (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Corresponding author:Yu, Z.        (yzhyq@sohu.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:340-344

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Shape inspection of hatching eggs is an important and hard work in farms, manual inspection lacks the objectivity and is time-consuming. In order to solve problems mentioned above, an automatic shape identification method was proposed based on machine vision, moment technique and improved genentic algorithm-neural network (GA-NN) algorithm. Egg shape index and radius differences were extracted as eggs shape feature parameters. An improved immune genentic algorithm was put forward to optimize topology structure of levenberg-marquardt back progagation-neural network (LMBP-NN). After egg shape index was identified , radius differences were used as inputs of LMBP-NN and its outputs were used to determine the hatching egg shape normal or not. The results indicated that the classification accuracy of this method reached 97.1% for longer eggs, 95.59% for shorter eggs, 94.87% for abnormal eggs and 95.75% for normal eggs' respectively. It is significant for shape identification of hatching eggs automatically, which can improve detection accuracy and efficiency. The neural network system for shape identification of hatching eggs has high accuracy and generalization ability, and the algorithm is feasible and robust.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Neural networks

Controlled terms:Computer vision - Genetic algorithms - Method of moments

Uncontrolled terms:Classification accuracy - Detection accuracy - Generalization ability - Hard work - Hatching egg - Identification method - Identification neural networks - Improved genetic algorithms - Levenberg-Marquardt - Manual inspection  - Moment technique - Neural network systems - On-machines - Shape features - Shape indices - Topology structure

Classification code:921 Mathematics - 741.2 Vision - 731.6 Robot Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.061

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

31.  Accession number:20095012535522

Title:Effect of reclamation on soil properties of zonal and intrazonal grasslands in agro-pastoral ecotone

Authors:Liu, Honglai (1); Zhang, Weihua (2); Wang, Kun (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (3) National Grassland Field Station, Guyuan County Hebei province 076550, China

Corresponding author:Wang, K.           (wangkcau@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:272-277

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:A paired-site design was adopted to quantitatively evaluate and compare the changes of soil properties between reclaimed lands from zonal and intrazonal grasslands, which would be applied to develop scientific strategies and programs for land use in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. The results showed that the soil texture became coarse after reclamation, accordingly, soil bulk density increased and soil water holding capacity reduced; The contents of soil organic carbon, dissoluble organic carbon, available phosphorus, available kalium and soil available trace elements decreased. The reclamation of zonal grassland led to the shortage of available Fe and Mn in the soil. It would make a strong impact on growth of crop. Based on the analysis and comparison of soil properties changes of reclamation land in the zonal and intrazonal grasslands, it was concluded that the farmers should reserve high crop residue in the farmland, postpone properly the ploughing time for the sake of reducing wind erosion, and improve soil quality through returning straw to field and applying organic fertilizer. Meanwhile it would be important measures to stop reclaiming zonal grassland, to return the crop field into grassland and scientifically use the intrazonal grassland in agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China.

Number of references:30

Main heading:Erosion

Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Crops - Fertilizers - Land reclamation - Land use - Manganese - Manganese compounds - Organic carbon - Phosphorus - Soil moisture  - Trace elements - Underwater soils - Wastewater reclamation - Zoning

Uncontrolled terms:Available microelement - Available phosphorus - Crop fields - Crop residue - Microelements - Northern China - Organic fertilizers - Reclaimed land - Soil bulk density - Soil organic carbon  - Soil property - Soil quality - Soil textures - Soil water holdings - Wind erosions

Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 539.1 Metals Corrosion - 543.2 Manganese and Alloys - 801 Chemistry - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.2 Geochemistry - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 471.1 Oceanography, General

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.049

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

32.  Accession number:20095012535517

Title:Model for simulation of growth and yield of greenhouse sweet pepper

Authors:Diao, Ming (1); Dai, Jianfeng (1); Luo, Weihong (1); Yuan, Changmei (1); Bu, Chongxing (3); Xian, Kaimei (2); Zhang, Shengfei (1); Xu, Rui (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture, Xinjiang Group Company of Production and Construction, Shihezi 832003, China; (3) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai 201106, China

Corresponding author:Luo, W.     (lwh@njau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:241-246

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Crop growth simulation models are useful tools in optimizing greenhouse crop and climate management. In order to quantify the effects of radiation and temperature on greenhouse sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growth and yield, experiments with 2 cultivars and different sowing dates were conducted in a multi-span Venlo-type plastic greenhouse located in Shanghai and a Chinese traditional solar greenhouse located in Shi He Zi, Xingqiang, China. The product of thermal effectiveness and PAR (TEP) was used as the predicting index, and the effects of radiation and temperature on dry matter partitioning and fruit harvest index were quantified based on the experimental data. And the relationship between dry weight and fresh weight of the fruits was derived according to the experimental data. A model for greenhouse sweet pepper growth and yield simulation was developed by integrating those quantitative relationships with a general photosynthesis driven biomass production model. Independent experimental data were used to validate the model. The results show that the model developed in this study gives satisfactory predictions of the growth and yield of sweet pepper grown in both the multi-span Venlo-type greenhouse and the solar greenhouse. The model developed in this study can be used for light and temperature management for greenhouse sweet pepper production.

Number of references:21

Main heading:Greenhouses

Controlled terms:Biomass - Crops - Ecology - Forestry - Fruits - Helium - Offshore pipelines - Photosynthesis - Radiation effects - Simulators  - Solar heating

Uncontrolled terms:Biomass productions - Capsicum annuum - Climate management - Crop growth - Dry matter partitioning - Dry weight - Experimental data - Fresh weight - Greenhouse crops - Growth and yield  - Growth models - Harvest index - Multi-spans - Plastic greenhouse - Satisfactory predictions - Solar greenhouse - Sowing date - Sweet pepper - Temperature management - Thermal effectiveness

Classification code:662.1 Automobiles - 671 Naval Architecture - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 741.1 Light/Optics - 744 Lasers - 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 655.2 Satellites - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 511.2 Oil Field Equipment - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 622.2 Radiation Effects - 642.1 Process Heating - 643.1 Space Heating - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.044

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

33.  Accession number:20095012535488

Title:Experiment on fast-measurement of soil moisture based on additional resistance method

Authors:Wang, Xiaolei (1); Hu, Jiandong (1); Jiang, Min (3); Zhao, Xiangyang (4); Hu, Jingfang (1); Zhao, Yuanyuan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (3) College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (4) Henan Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Xinxiang 453002, China

Corresponding author:Hu, J.        (jiandonghu@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:76-81

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to eliminate the influence of conductance in measuring the capacitance soil moisture content, the high frequency capacitance soil moisture measurement technique based on the additional resistance was proposed. By analyzing the principle of the soil moisture sensor modulated with a high frequency, the mathematical model of soil water content using a high frequency based on the additional resistors was established. The measurement errors from this conductance were eliminated by solving the equations of capacitance factor from the soil moisture. A parallel board capacitive sensor detection circuit with additional resistors was designed, and the experiment of soil moisture measurement was conducted. The experimental result shows that the soil capacitance value from soil moisture is linear with the soil gravimetric moisture content by 1%-22%, and the soil moisture content value based on additional resistance can be measured below 2% error range of gravimetric moisture content.

Number of references:23

Main heading:Water content

Controlled terms:Capacitance - Geologic models - Groundwater - Mathematical models - Measurement errors - Moisture control - Moisture determination - Moisture meters - Permittivity - Resistors  - Sensors - Soil moisture - Soil surveys - Underwater soils

Uncontrolled terms:Capacitance values - Capacitive sensor - Detection circuits - Error range - High frequency - High frequency capacitance - Moisture contents - Parallel boards - Soil moisture content - Soil moisture measurement  - Soil moisture sensors - Soil water content

Classification code:706 Electric Transmission and Distribution - 708.1 Dielectric Materials - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 732.2 Control Instrumentation - 921 Mathematics - 922 Statistical Methods - 944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments - 801 Chemistry - 704 Electric Components and Equipment - 703.1 Electric Networks - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 444 Water Resources - 444.2 Groundwater - 471.1 Oceanography, General - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.013

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

34.  Accession number:20095012535481

Title:Path analysis of yield components and water production function of watermelon in greenhouse

Authors:Zheng, Jian (1); Cai, Huanjie (1); Wang, Jian (1); Wang, Yan (2)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

Corresponding author:Cai, H.       (caihj@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:30-34

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:With irrigation water amount controlled by E601 type evaporator, the authors studied the effects of different water supply conditions in different growth stages on water production function of mini-watermelon, and calculation directly path coefficient and indirectly path coefficient among plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index (LAI), shoot dry weight, root dry weight and yield by path analysis method. The experiments included four levers of water supply at different growing stages of mini-watermelon. The results indicated that the relationship between total yield and the total amount of water consumption was quadratic parabola, and the optimal irrigation amount was 107 mm. Water sensitivity index went down successively from fruit spreading growth stage, blossoming and bearing fruits stage, fruit maturing stage and seeding stage. The correlation coefficient between stem diameter and yield, LAI and root dry weight reached significant level and extremely significant level. The stem diameter and root dry weight can be used as evaluation indexes.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Water analysis

Controlled terms:Biochemical oxygen demand - Forestry - Fruits - Greenhouses - Irrigation - Regression analysis - Water supply - Water supply systems

Uncontrolled terms:Correlation coefficient - Dry weight - Evaluation index - Growth stages - Irrigation waters - Leaf area index - Path analysis - Plant height - Root dry weight - Stem diameter  - Total yield - Water consumption - Water production - Water production function - Water sensitivity - Water use efficiency - Yield components

Classification code:821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 801 Chemistry - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 453 Water Pollution - 452.2 Sewage Treatment - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 445.2 Water Analysis - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.006

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

35.  Accession number:20095012535497

Title:Experiments of cooling EGR temperature influence on emission of diesel engines of vehicles

Authors:Zhang, Kun (1); Guo, Xinmin (1); Fu, Shouyu (1); Ding, Kai (1); Li, Aijuan (2)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Energy and Power Engineering College, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

Corresponding author:Guo, X.     (tianin@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:127-130

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The influences of cooling EGR temperature on the emission of Nitrogen Oxide, Hydrocarbon, Carbon Oxide, smoke intensity and fuel consumption rate through the test of procedure were studied, in order to get the influence on emission performance of the diesel engines by cooling EGR. Based on the above, the best EGR temperature under various operating modes of diesel engines was obtained. The experiment indicated that compared with hot EGR, the cooling EGR could reduce the emission of Nitrogen Oxide and smoke intensity obviously, and also can reduce the fuel consumption rate and improve the efficiency of diesel engines, and the effect obtained is better.

Number of references:15

Main heading:Diesel engines

Controlled terms:Automobile engines - Cooling - Emission control - Engines - Fuels - Hydrocarbons - Nitric oxide - Nitrogen oxides - Steel metallurgy

Uncontrolled terms:Carbon oxide - EGR temperature - Emission performance - Fuel consumption rates - Operating modes - Smoke intensity - Temperature influence

Classification code:612.2 Diesel Engines - 617.3 Steam Engines - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 654.2 Rocket Engines - 661.1 Automotive Engines - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 612 Engines - 451 Air Pollution - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 461.9 Biology - 461.9.1 Immunology - 522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 531.1 Metallurgy - 545.3 Steel

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.023

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

36.  Accession number:20095012535520

Title:Spatial distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals in vegetable growing area based on GIS in Shouguang city, Shandong province

Authors:Liu, Qing (1); Du, Zhiyong (2); Shi, Yanxi (2); Pang, Xugui (3)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China; (2) College of Resources and Environment of Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 265200, China; (3) Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, Ji'nan 250013, China

Corresponding author:Shi, Y.

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:258-263

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Through the mathematical statistics and geo-statistical spatial analysis method, the soil heavy metal content and its characteristics of spatial distribution in vegetable growing area in Shouguang city were researched, and the spatial distribution map of heavy metals based on the geography information system (GIS) was plotted. The results showed that the average contents of the heavy metals in surface soil in Shouguang city were lower than those in farmland environmental quality evaluation standards for edible agricultural products (HJ332-2006). Five heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Nr) followed a positively skewed distribution, except for Zn, Pb and As, and the vertexes of all heavy metals in frequency plots exceeded those of the normal distribution plots. The results of spatial analysis showed that there were middle relations of all eight heavy metals in surface soil in Shouguang city. The distribution of heavy metals was higher in middle, south and east-south soil but lower in north, east-north and west-south soil in Shouguang city. The heavy metal content in the surface soil in Shouguang city was affected by the natural and artificial factors.

Number of references:19

Main heading:Soil surveys

Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Cadmium - Chromium - Conformal mapping - Geographic information systems - Information systems - Lead - Mercury (metal) - Metals - Normal distribution  - Quality control - Size distribution - Soils - Statistics - Zinc

Uncontrolled terms:Area-based - Environmental quality - Heavy metal contents - Mathematical statistics - Shandong province - Skewed distribution - Spatial analysis - Spatial distribution - Spatial distribution map - Surface soil

Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 903.2 Information Dissemination - 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 921 Mathematics - 922.1 Probability Theory - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 723.3 Database Systems - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 531.2 Metallography - 543.1 Chromium and Alloys - 546.1 Lead and Alloys - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 549.3 Others, including Bismuth, Boron, Cadmium, Cobalt, Mercury, Niobium, Selenium, Silicon, Tellurium and Zirconium

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.047

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

37.  Accession number:20095012535479

Title:Experiments on hydraulic characteristics of runoff in slope-gully systems in Loess Plateau

Authors:Wei, Xia (1); Li, Xungui (1); Li, Zhanbin (2); Shen, Bing (2)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (2) Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China

Corresponding author:Wei, X.     (weix@lzu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:19-24

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to study the relationship between erosion and sediment yield in slope and gully, the hydraulic characteristics of runoff in slope-gully systems were studied in this paper by dual slope segment combination model, through the indoor scouring test, combined with REE tracer technique. The results showed that the changes of runoff Reynolds number (Re) in the slope-gully systems was located between 342.3 and 858.8, and the magnitude of changes increased with the increasing of erosion lasted time in the range of experimental flow. The changes of Froude number (Fr) in the slope-gully systems was varied between 1.36 and 8.92, and it had a spatial and temporal variation characteristic in the range of experimental flow. The runoff velocity of slope in slope-gully systems first increased then decreased under the condition of the same flow. The flow velocity reached a minimum value when runoff transition from slope to gully. It began to increase again after flow into gully. Darcy-Weisbach drag coefficient and Manning roughness coefficient firstly decreased, then increased and then decreased with test section from top to bottom in the same flow. The study can provide a theoretical basis for foundation of erosion and sediment yield model of slope-gully systems in Loess Plateau.

Number of references:24

Main heading:Runoff

Controlled terms:Buoyancy - Drag - Fluid dynamics - Hydraulics - Hydrodynamics - Reynolds number - Sedimentology

Uncontrolled terms:After-flow - Combination models - Dual slope - Hydraulic characteristic - Loess Plateau - Manning Roughness Coefficient - Minimum value - Runoff velocity - Sediment yields - Spatial and temporal variation  - Test sections - Theoretical basis - Tracer technique

Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 671.1 Ship Design - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 632.1 Hydraulics - 631.2 Hydrodynamics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 631 Fluid Flow - 481.1 Geology - 444.1 Surface Water - 442.1 Flood Control - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.004

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

38.  Accession number:20095012536134

Title:Design of air-suction rice precision nursing equipment with seed fixed by paper band

Authors:Han, Bao (1); Shen, Jianying (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Corresponding author:Han, B.     (hanbao2004@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:92-95

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The agronomy experimental results indicate that sowing quantity and seedling quality are the main restricting factors for good quality and high yield of rice. An important measure for increasing rice yield is to apply the advanced precision seeding technology to cultivate high quality rice seedlings. To solve the problem of rice nursing seedlings in greenhouse, such as high investment at a time, and difficulty in getting vegetation soil for seedling tray as well as too much details in raising seedlings etc., after having analyzed the existing technology and equipment for rice precision seeding of tray nursing seedlings both at home and abroad, authors put forward a method of raising seedlings fitting for no tray precision seeding based on the agronomic requirements. The seeds were hold, positioned and enclosed in paper. The suction precision seeding device for nursing rice seedling was developed, in which the seeds were positioned and fixed with paper precisely. The experimental results indicate that the rate of single-seed each hole was more than 80%, and the qualified index (1-2 seeds each hole) is over 95%. The rate of multiple-seed(&ge;3 seeds each hole) was less than 4%. The qualified seed-space was over 90%, and the enclosing performance of the paper band for fixing seed is reliable, and seedlings are stocky and have strong rooting ability after being transplanted.

Number of references:13

Main heading:Seed

Controlled terms:Agronomy - Equipment - Forestry - Machine design - Nursing

Uncontrolled terms:High quality - High yield - Nursing equipments - Restricting factors - Rice nursing seedlings equipment - Rice seedlings - Rice yield - Rooting ability - Seeding technology - Seedling quality

Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 601 Mechanical Design - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901 Engineering Profession

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.016

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

39.  Accession number:20095012535514

Title:Enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob residues of furfural manufacture and optimum conditions for cellulose conversion

Authors:Zhang, Lei (1); Li, Tao (2); Wang, Lei (3); Li, Shizhong (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (3) College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Corresponding author:Li, S.         (szli@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:226-230

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Saccharification of lignocellulose is a key cost center in the overall bioconversion process. Enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob residues of furfural manufacture(CRFM) was investigated to study the feasibility of mass production of ethanol. Compositional analysis results showed that 3.1% of hemicellulose and 31.6% of cellulose existed in CRFM, which demonstrated that the furfural production process could be regarded as pretreatment of lignocellulose for consequent bioconversion. Parameter optimization of hydrolysis was performed and optimal conditions were as follows: 6.7 FPU of enzymes loading per gram substrate, solid-liquid ratio of 1:6, pH5.2, shaking at 80 r/min. The addition of Tween 80 had more positive effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of CRFM with comparatively low enzyme loading (6.7 FPU/g) than the higher one (10 FPU/g). Cellulose conversion of CRFM hydrolysis was promoted up to 78% under the optimal conditions mentioned above. So co-production of ethanol with CRFM may be a potential way for the industrialized production of ethanol.

Number of references:17

Main heading:Enzymatic hydrolysis

Controlled terms:Aldehydes - Cellulose - Cost accounting - Enzymes - Ethanol - Furfural - Lignin - Manufacture - Production engineering - Saccharification  - Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms:Bioconversion process - Cellulose conversion - Co-production - Compositional analysis - Corncob residues of furfural manufacture - Enzyme loading - Industrialized production - Mass production - Optimal conditions - Optimum conditions  - Parameter optimization - Positive effects - Pre-Treatment - Production process - Solid-liquid ratio - Tween 80

Classification code:913.4 Manufacturing - 913.1 Production Engineering - 911.1 Cost Accounting - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 801.2 Biochemistry - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 523 Liquid Fuels - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 802.2 Chemical Reactions

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.041

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

40.  Accession number:20095012535485

Title:Establishment of chaotic forecasting model and its application in forecasting water consumption of agricultural irrigation

Authors:Huang, Xianfeng (1); Shao, Dongguo (2); Gu, Wenquan (2); Dai, Tao (3)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (3) Changjiang Institute of Survey Design and Research, Wuhan 430010, China

Corresponding author:Huang, X.         (hxfhuang2005@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:57-60

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Based on the analysis of research status and in order to solve the problem of the low precision of irrigation water consumption forecasting, chaotic forecasting model was put forward. The evolvement regulation was resumed in high dimension space with state space reconstruction of irrigation water consumption serials, and the chaotic evolvement characteristic was distinguished. The chaotic forecasting model was established with the maximal Lyapunov index. The model was applied to forecast irrigation water consumption of Jushui River basin in Hubei Province. The comparison of forecasting results which calculated by using chaotic forecasting model with witch calculated by using other methods demonstrated that the proposed model had better forecasting effect, and it could be regard as an effective forecasting method for agricultural irrigation water consumption forecasting.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Forecasting

Controlled terms:Chaotic systems - Irrigation - Repair - State space methods - Water analysis - Water supply - Water supply systems

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural irrigation - Agricultural irrigation water - Forecasting methods - Forecasting models - High dimensions - Hubei Province - Irrigation waters - Lyapunov index - Reconstruction - River basins  - State space reconstruction - Water consumption

Classification code:931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 913.5 Maintenance - 912.2 Management - 961 Systems Science - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 731.1 Control Systems - 703.1 Electric Networks - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 445.2 Water Analysis - 801 Chemistry

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.010

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

41.  Accession number:20095012535509

Title:Short-term load forecasting of countryside distribution network based on improved gene expression programming

Authors:Huo, Limin (1); Yin, Jinliang (2); Fan, Yunfei (3); Xie, Yunfang (1); Fan, Xinqiao (2); Zhu, Yongli (2)

Author affiliation:(1) Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (2) School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (3) Academic Affairs Office, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China

Corresponding author:Huo, L.     (huolimin@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:193-197

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Gene expression programming (GEP) was improved to overcome the shortcomings that the initial population was generated randomly. There were no standards to measure the gene, mutation rate could not be adjusted by itself and evolution result got before could not be utilized. The method that excessive multiplication, environmental factor selecting, using pheromones to measure gene, self-adaptive mutation rate and adopting mathematical model got before was proposed. The improved gene expression programming (IGEP) was applied to countryside distribution network short-term load forecasting. Firstly, the load series of the same time but different days were chosen as the training samples. Secondly, the load samples were filtered and processed generally. And finally, the short-term load was forecasted by weekday and weekend after eliminating the pseudo-data. After comparison with the results forecasted by means of genetic programming (GP) and GEP, it proves that the method of IGEP in countryside distribution network short-term load forecasting is better.

Number of references:23

Main heading:Electric load forecasting

Controlled terms:Bioactivity - Distributed parameter networks - Electric power transmission networks - Gene expression - Genetic programming - Mathematical models

Uncontrolled terms:Countryside distribution network - Distribution network - Improved gene expression programming - Power systems - Short term load forecasting

Classification code:723.1 Computer Programming - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 706.1 Electric Power Systems - 921 Mathematics - 703.1 Electric Networks - 461.8.1 Genetic Engineering - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 461.9 Biology

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.035

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

42.  Accession number:20095012535510

Title:Multi-objective optimization of agricultural structure in Taihu Lake basin

Authors:Li, Pingping (1); Liu, Jizhan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Corresponding author:Li, P.          (lipingping@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:198-203

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:A linear programming model was applied to optimize agricultural structure in Taihu lake Basin, not only agricultural economy development, but also agricultural non-point source pollution(ANPSP) and grain and food supply security were taken into consideration. In this model, 72 variables of 6 partitions were set. In this study, optimal scheme of agricultural structure in Taihu lake Basin and its partitions were concluded, which assured an ANPSP reduction rate of 35.1% on the premise of food security guarantee and agricultural output value unchanged. According to the study result, it is suggested that large area of dry land cultivation should be changed into protected cultivation and paddy field and a large amount of pig and poultry breeding should be reduced, while 2/3 or more of freshwater culture should be kept. According to the study results, it is suggested that large area of dry land cultivation should be changed into protected cultivation and paddy field and a large amount of pig and poultry breeding should be reduced, while 2/3 or more of freshwater culture should be kept. At last, different adjusting advices to different partitions are put forward.

Number of references:19

Main heading:Cultivation

Controlled terms:Food supply - Forestry - Grain (agricultural product) - Lakes - Linear programming - Linearization - Multiobjective optimization - Network security - Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural economy - Agricultural non-point source pollution - Agricultural output - Dry land - Food security - Grain and food supply security - Linear programming models - Non-point source pollution - Optimal scheme - Paddy fields  - Reduction rate - Taihu Lake basin

Classification code:922 Statistical Methods - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.1 Computer Programming - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 444.1 Surface Water - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 404.2 Civil Defense

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.036

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

43.  Accession number:20095012535527

Title:Effects of blanching on water distribution and water status in sweet corn investigated by using MRI and NMR

Authors:Shao, Xiaolong (1); Li, Yunfei (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (2) Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, School of Power and Energy Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (3) Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Corresponding author:Li, Y.         (yfli@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:302-306

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:To investigate the reason for weight loss and the change of thermal property after blanching, low-field magnetic resonance imaging (LF-MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were applied to determine the water distribution and water status of sweet corn, respectively. After blanching, T2 weighted imaging showed that a new part of water signal area appeared, and percentages of two components with T21 (450-750 ms) and T23 (50-70 ms) changed distinctly which was due to starch gelatinization. All these indicated that blanching changed the water distribution and water status in corn kernel. NMR shows the change of water status in sweet corn, and it can provide an effective method to study physicochemical properties during food processing.

Number of references:24

Main heading:Resonance

Controlled terms:Biomaterials - Food processing - Gelation - Magnetic materials - Magnetic resonance imaging - Magnetism - Nuclear magnetic resonance - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Thermodynamic properties - Water distribution systems  - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:Blanching - MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) - NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) - Sweet corns - Weight loss

Classification code:746 Imaging Techniques - 751.1 Acoustic Waves - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 932.2 Nuclear Physics - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 931.1 Mechanics - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 708.4 Magnetic Materials - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 462.5 Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.054

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

44.  Accession number:20095012535519

Title:Decomposition of corn stalk in cropland with different fertility

Authors:Wang, Xudong (1); Chen, Xianni (1); Wang, Caixia (1); Tian, Xiaohong (1); Wu, Faqi (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agriculture Resource and Ecosystem Remediation of Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China

Corresponding author:Wang, X.           (wangxudong01@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:252-257

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to discuss the effect of soil fertility on composition transformation and energy change of corn stalk during decomposition, carborundum tube was used to study the decomposition of corn stalk buried in different soils with high, medium and low fertility for 480 days. The decomposition rate and change of energy states of corn stalk were revealed. The results showed that the fractions of alcohol-benzene soluble and water soluble decreased with the process of decomposition. The concentration of semicellulose and cellulose increased firstly and then decreased. However, the concentration of lignin increased. The change of energy states of corn stalk throughout the whole process could be divided into three stages such as fluctuating stage, decreasing stage and stable stage. Totally, the humification was a process of energy release. For 480 days of decomposition, the decomposition rate was highest in soil with medium fertility and lowest in soil with low fertility among three type of fertility. The decomposition of water soluble factions and lignin were promoted in medium fertility soil. However, alcohol-benzene soluble fraction, and semi-cellulose and cellulose fraction were decayed acceleratedly in soil with high fertility. Furthermore, more humic substance was formed and energy states of decayed corn stalk was highest in soil with high fertility.

Number of references:21

Main heading:Soils

Controlled terms:Benzene - Cellulose - Crops - Fertilizers - Lignin - Silicon carbide

Uncontrolled terms:Benzene-soluble fraction - Cellulose fraction - Concentration of - Corn stalk - Decomposition energy - Decomposition rate - Energy changes - Energy release - Energy state - Energy states  - High fertilities - Humic substances - Humification - Soil fertility - Three stages - Watersoluble - Whole process

Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 812.2 Refractories - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.046

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

45.  Accession number:20095012535482

Title:Reduction of yield risk of winter wheat by appropriate irrigation based on APSIM model

Authors:Li, Yan (1); Xue, Changying (2); Yang, Xiaoguang (1); Wang, Jing (1); Liu, Yuan (1); Wang, Enli (4)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Henan Institute of Meteorological Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (3) China Meteorological Administration Huafeng Group of Meteorological Audio and Video Information, Beijing 100081, China; (4) CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Clunies Ross ST, Canberra ACT, Australia

Corresponding author:Yang, X.           (yangxg@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:35-44

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The North China Plain (NCP) is the main winter wheat production area in China. However, grain yield of winter wheat is often threatened by drought, leading to a high risk of yield. Assessment on yield risk and study on how to reduce yield risk by appropriate irrigations could provide suitable instructions for irrigation management and increasing yield. By using the simulation model APSIM, taking Beijing and Yucheng as case study areas, yield risk of winter wheat in those two areas were evaluated firstly. Then irrigation schemes were designed and their contributions to reduce yield risk in different rainfall years were analyzed. Results indicated that in most years, rainfall could not meet the requirement of wheat, and in 30% of years water shortage reached serious degree. In serious drought years, yields of winter wheat were only 2445 and 2466 kg/hm² in Beijing and Yucheng, respectively. After irrigation, yield risk was reduced greatly, while the appropriate irrigation schemes were varied in different rainfall year types. Synthetically considering reducing yield risk and increasing water use efficiency, three irrigations are appropriate to be given in serious and medium drought years at the stage of before sowing, jointing and flowering. For light drought years, two irrigations at the stage of before sowing and jointing, respectively, are sufficient to reduce yield risk as low as possible.

Number of references:17

Main heading:Risk analysis

Controlled terms:Crops - Drought - Irrigation - Risk assessment - Safety factor - Simulators - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:APSIM - Grain yield - Irrigation management - Irrigation schemes - North China Plain - Simulation model - Study areas - Water shortages - Water use efficiency - Winter wheat

Classification code:671 Naval Architecture - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 914 Safety Engineering - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 922 Statistical Methods - 922.1 Probability Theory - 662.1 Automobiles - 408.1 Structural Design, General - 443.3 Precipitation - 444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 652.1 Aircraft, General - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 655.2 Satellites - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.007

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

46.  Accession number:20095012535532

Title:Drying characteristics of ginger puree with refractance window drying method

Authors:Wang, Dongfeng (1); Hu, Zhuoyan (1); Yu, Kai (1); Cui, Shanshan (1); Yu, Xiaolin (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Tropical and Subtropical Food Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Corresponding author:Hu, Z.        (zyhu@scau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:328-333

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:To evaluate the adaptability of a thin-layer drying processing for liquid materials which cannot be dried with spray drying or that are heat sensitive, drying characteristics of ginger puree with refractance window method were investigated in the present study. The results showed that the temperature of ginger puree dried with refractance window at the range of 75 to 95&deg;C rapidly reached 60-70&deg;C at the initial drying period. Then it kept a slow changing trend at the later stage. But the temperature of the product was always lower than that the heated water, with a temperature range of 15 to 25&deg;C. The temperature curve of ginger puree with 1-3 mm of thickness showed a similar trend at the same drying temperature and air velocity. The temperature of the product could be decreased through increasing the air velocity. The constant drying strength was not found when dried with higher temperature. The drying strength went up and the final moisture content of the product decreased respectively with thinner thickness of ginger puree, higher temperature or higher air velocity. The current findings show the potential of refractance window method for drying of liquid or puree materials.

Number of references:13

Main heading:Curing

Controlled terms:Dewatering - Food additives - Liquids - Moisture - Moisture determination - Spray drying - Temperature - Windows

Uncontrolled terms:Air velocities - Changing trends - Drying characteristics - Drying methods - Drying temperature - Final moisture content - Heat sensitive - Higher temperatures - Liquid materials - Moisture contents  - Refractance windows - Temperature curves - Temperature range - Thin layer drying

Classification code:813.1 Coating Techniques - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing - 812.3 Glass - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 822.3 Food Products - 812.1 Ceramics - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 402 Buildings and Towers - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.059

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

47.  Accession number:20095012535502

Title:Distributed simulation for regional evapotranspiration and verification by using remote sensing

Authors:Cai, Xitian (1); Xu, Zongxue (1); Su, Baolin (1); Yu, Weidong (2)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (2) Zhangweinan River Administration Bureau, Hai River Water Resources Commission, Dezhou 253009, China

Corresponding author:Su, B.        (subl@bnu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:154-160

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Regional evapotranspiration (ET) in river basins, one of the most important hydrological processes, was usually unable to be estimated efficiently due to the lack of reliable observed data. Recently, with the development of remote sensing (RS) technology and hydrological model integration, it becomes possible to estimate ET at regional scale. Remote sensing derived ET (1 km-resolution), which was derived from MODIS satellite data by the institute of remote sensing and application (IRSA) of CAS, was applied to validate the monthly ET simulated by using soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) in the Zhangweinan River basin. Agricultural management practices and parameters for crop growth were then calibrated and analyzed. The calibrated and validated results showed that ET was sensitive to both crop parameters and the soil evaporation compensation coefficient (ESCO, its value was suggested to range from 0.8 to 1.0 for the crop land of winter wheat-summer corn). Simulation had been improved greatly by using remote sensing derived ET. The coefficient of determination R2 reached 0.93, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient reached 0.92. Regional ET simulation and then the hydrological modeling were greatly improved by using remote sensing derived ET.

Number of references:23

Main heading:Remote sensing

Controlled terms:Crops - Evapotranspiration - Geologic models - Hydraulic models - Plant life extension - Simulators - Soils - Water supply - Watersheds

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural management practice - Coefficient of determination - Compensation coefficients - Crop growth - Distributed simulations - Efficiency coefficient - Hydrological modeling - Hydrological models - Hydrological process - Observed data  - Plant growth - Regional evapotranspiration - Regional scale - River basins - Satellite data - Soil and water assessment tool - Soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model - Validated results - Winter wheat

Classification code:655.2 Satellites - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 662.1 Automobiles - 912.1 Industrial Engineering - 671 Naval Architecture - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 731.1 Control Systems - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles - 632.1 Hydraulics - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 444.1 Surface Water - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 621 Nuclear Reactors

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.028

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

48.  Accession number:20095012535524

Title:Response of land economic benefit to land use pattern and land management practice

Authors:Wang, Cheng (1); Zhao, Wanmin (2); Tan, Shaohua (2)

Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (2) College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China

Corresponding author:Zhao, W.           (zwm65126371@sina.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:284-289

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Land use pattern and difference of land management practice are representations as farmer's investment in land use element. It is a response to physical, social, economical conditions and land policy from farmers, and is a direct external cause influencing land quality at the scale level. Taking Juxian study area in Wanzhou County, Chongqin as an example, the paper chose five land use patterns, adopted different management practices, and gathered 576 samples of surface soil from 0 to 20 cm. This paper studied the effect of different land use patterns on soil characteristics, and the response of land economical benefit to soil characteristics. The results indicated that the situation of soil fertility rose constantly from 2003 to 2005. But there was a difference in land use patterns. The order was CEV (cereals, economical plant, and vegetable) &gt;VEV (vegetable, economical plant, and vegetable) &gt;FCV (fruit, cereals, and vegetable) &gt;CBC (cereals, bean, and cereals) &gt;MONO (mono-cropping). Meanwhile, influence of different land use patterns on changes of soil nutrient was diversities. Accordingly, the land economical coefficient correlated closely with soil fertility. Finally, VEV (vegetable, economical plant, and vegetable) is the optimal land use pattern in the study area.

Number of references:24

Main heading:Land use

Controlled terms:Economics - Fertilizers - Forestry - Management - Soil surveys - Soils - Wastewater treatment

Uncontrolled terms:Economic benefits - Economical benefits - External cause - Land management practices - Land quality - Land use pattern - Land-use management - Management practices - Soil characteristics - Soil fertility  - Soil nutrients - Study areas - Surface soil

Classification code:971 Social Sciences - 912.2 Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.051

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

49.  Accession number:20095012535505

Title:Spatio-temporal analysis of planthoppers population based on GIS

Authors:Wang, Changwei (1); Hu, Yueming (1); Xie, Jianwen (1); Zhou, Shoufa (2); Huang, Dechao (2)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Plant Protection Station of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510500, China

Corresponding author:Hu, Y.        (ymhu@scau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:171-175

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Planthoppers, as one of the most widespread and destructive rice pests, greatly affect the rice yield. Although various control measures have been taken, the overall effect in predicting the outbreak pattern and minimizing the damage is not significant. To improve the level of forecast, it is necessary to have a good understanding of spatio-temporal change of planthoppers. The multi-factor spatial interpolation model based on Geographic information system (GIS) was used to make the thematic map of spatial planthoppers distributions in Guangdong province according to the monitoring data in 2008. Comparing the thematic maps in different time periods, it is clear that the population of planthoppers has a spatio-temporal characteristic, which is not only related to space location, but also has a certain direction when spreading. The result reported here offers help to prevention and control of planthoppers in Guangdong province, as well as to provide a good reference for studies of other pests.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Geographic information systems

Controlled terms:Information systems - Insect control - Maps

Uncontrolled terms:Control measures - Guangdong Province - Model-based - Multi-factor - Planthoppers - Rice pests - Rice yield - Space location - Spatial interpolation - Spatio-temporal changes  - Spatiotemporal analysis - Spatiotemporal characteristics - Thematic maps - Time periods

Classification code:903.3 Information Retrieval and Use - 903.2 Information Dissemination - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 723.3 Database Systems - 461.7 Health Care - 405.3 Surveying

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.031

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

50.  Accession number:20095012535515

Title:Leaching remediation of heavy metal contaminated fluvio-aquatic soil with tea-saponin

Authors:Li, Guangde (1); Zhang, Zhongwen (1); Jing, Pei (1); Zhou, Nannan (1); Lin, Li (1); Yuan, Yufei (1); Yu, Miao (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Corresponding author:Li, G.         (lguangde@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:231-235

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:For the purpose of investigating the possibility of tea-saponin on leaching remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the effect of tea-saponin on the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil were analyzed by oscillation and soil leaching methods. The results showed that the concentrations of tea-saponin and the soil pH value had obvious effects on the removal efficiency of heavy metals. In the soil leaching experiment, 7% tea-saponin solution was used as flushing agents, the optimum conditions were as follows: pH value was 5.0&plusmn;0.1, the ratio of soil to solution was 1:4. Then the removal efficiency could reach 6.74%, 42.38%, 13.07% and 8.75% for Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu, respectively. The removal efficiency of heavy metals was in a sequence of Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Cu&gt;Pb. After soil leaching by tea-saponin, heavy metals in acid-soluble fraction and oxide fraction were effectively removed, and the environment risk of heavy metals was decreased. It also shows that tea-saponin has great potentiality in leaching remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

Number of references:17

Main heading:Soil pollution

Controlled terms:Biomolecules - Cadmium - Contamination - Leaching - Lead - Metal recovery - Metals - pH effects - Remediation - Removal  - Soil pollution control - Soils - Surface active agents - Zinc

Uncontrolled terms:Acid-soluble fractions - Biosurfactant - Contaminated soils - Flushing agents - Heavy metal contaminated soils - Optimum conditions - Oxide fractions - pH value - Removal efficiencies - Soil leaching  - Soil pH

Classification code:801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 549.3 Others, including Bismuth, Boron, Cadmium, Cobalt, Mercury, Niobium, Selenium, Silicon, Tellurium and Zirconium - 461.7 Health Care - 461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.1 Lead and Alloys - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 533.1 Ore Treatment

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.042

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

51.  Accession number:20095012535521

Title:Division of key cultivated land regions based on calculation of comprehensive productivity in Hebei province

Authors:Men, Mingxin (1); Zhang, Junmei (1); Liu, Yu (1); Li, Xinwang (1); Xu, Hao (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (2) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academic of Science, Beijing 100101, China; (3) Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Corresponding author:Xu, H.       (xuhao22003@yahoo.com.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:264-271

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The essential of protecting the cultivated land was to protect the comprehensive production capacity. It was the fundamental measure for ensuring resources security and sustaining productivity stability of the cultivated land to divide the cultivated land into different ranks according to the production capacity. The theoretical production capacity of cultivated land was obtained from the linear regression model which was established with the relationship of the natural quality ranks and the standard crop yield per unit from theoretical sampling investigation data on the basis of agricultural land classification. And the practical production capacity of cultivated land was obtained from the linear regression model established with the relationship of the land use quality ranks and the standard crop yield per unit from practical sampling investigation data. Then the scale advantage index and the aggregated advantage index of cultivated land were put forward to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of comprehensive productivity. Combing with the future potential productivity, current productivity and the input and output status, cultivated land in Hebei province was divided into four protective classes. The first class was the state-level protection region. The area was 2.02 &times;10⁶ hm² which accounted for 32.1% of the total area. The second class was the provincial-level protection region and the area was 2.98&times;10⁶ hm². The third-level protection region was the municipal-level protection region which accounted for 30.1% of the total cultivated land in Hebei province. The rest was classified as the fourth-level which accounted for 9.7% of the total area. By the division of protected regions and definition of the protective duties of different subjects, it was of great realistic meanings to stabilize agricultural production and to ensure food security.

Number of references:20

Main heading:Essential oils

Controlled terms:Crops - Land use - Linear regression - Network security - Productivity - Zoning

Uncontrolled terms:Aggregated advantage index - Agricultural land - Agricultural productions - Crop yield - Cultivated lands - Food security - Hebei Province - Input and outputs - Key protected region of cultivated land - Linear regression models  - Per unit - Potential productivity - Practical production - Production capacity - Productivity stability - Resources security - Spatial distribution patterns

Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2 Land Reclamation

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.048

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

52.  Accession number:20095012535492

Title:Variantional design of small agricultural machinery based on templates reconfiguration

Authors:Lu, Changming (1); Zhang, Libin (1); Jiang, Jiandong (1); Zhang, Xian (1); Xu, Fang (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacture and Automation, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (2) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou 310053, China

Corresponding author:Zhang, L.

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:101-106

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:As a typical small batch and multi-varieties product, variantional design of small agricultural machinery was an effective approach to reduce cost and shorten developing cycle. Aiming at the problem that the partial variation to meet customer requirements could lead to conflict of constraints, variantional design approach based on constraints reconfiguration of templates was proposed. On the basis of existing templates, the attributes of objects and the constraints among objects of template were represented by hypergraph. New rules database was created through re-grouping template objects and reconfiguring rules of constraint so as to configure concrete product structure on the basis of new templates. Applying the approach to variantional design of small agricultural machinery demonstrates the feasibility of the results.

Number of references:12

Main heading:Machine design

Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Concrete products - Constraint theory - Cost reduction

Uncontrolled terms:Customer requirements - Design approaches - Design templates - Hypergraph - Multi-varieties

Classification code:912.2 Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 961 Systems Science - 731.1 Control Systems - 601 Mechanical Design - 412 Concrete - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.018

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

53.  Accession number:20095012535530

Title:Experiment on egg preservation by high voltage electrostatic field

Authors:Sun, Guibao (1); Wang, Xinxin (1); Pei, Guodong (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Department of Food Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China

Corresponding author:Sun, G.     (sunguibao22@tjau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:318-323

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In this paper, in order to discuss the effect of high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on storage preservation of eggs, eggs were treated under high voltage electrostatic field at 30, 60 and 90 kV/m, respectively, and the pretreatment time was 30 and 60min, respectively. Then the eggs were stored at 13&deg;C. Different preservation performance indexes like egg white Haugh unit, yolk index, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) and sensory changes were determined regularly. The results showed that moisture content of eggs was maintained, change rates of egg white Haugh unit, yolk index and TVBN were effectively inhibited under HVEF. The preservation effects of eggs under HVEF were better than those of the control group. The best preservation performance is obtained when the dose is at 30 kV/m for 60 min or at 60 kV/m for 30 min.

Number of references:17

Main heading:Electrostatic devices

Controlled terms:Electrostatics - Experiments - Fluorine containing polymers

Uncontrolled terms:Basic nitrogen - Control groups - Egg - Egg white - High voltage electrostatic field - Moisture contents - Performance indices - Pre-Treatment

Classification code:701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 704 Electric Components and Equipment - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 901.3 Engineering Research

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.057

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

54.  Accession number:20095012535477

Title:Estimation of relative potential of three agricultural water-saving measures in Minqin Oasis

Authors:Zhang, Cuifang (1); Niu, Haishan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author:Niu, H.     (niuhs@gucas.ac.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:7-12

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Irrigation water requirements for Minqin county under several planting scenarios were calculated with the FAO-56 recommended method, to make an assessment of the water-saving potential of three measures which were proposed by Shiyang River Rehabilitation Plan under comparable conditions. The results indicated that with the same climatic conditions and traditional surface irrigation, the four main crops in Minqin County in 2006 required more irrigation water than in 1973 by 2.2&times;10⁷m³. Both adjustment of planting structure and expansion of planting area contributed positively to the water increase, while the former contributed more than 60%. If drip irrigation was adopted to corn and cotton in 2006, 5.5 &times; 10⁷m³ of water would be saved. The objectives of the rehabilitation plan were also evaluated in the paper. It is difficult to achieve the goal of saving water only by reducing farmland area. In contrast, water-saving irrigation technology has great potential in reducing irrigation water requirements.

Number of references:21

Main heading:Irrigation

Controlled terms:Crops - Farms - Patient rehabilitation - Water conservation - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural water - Climatic conditions - Drip irrigation - Irrigation water requirements - Irrigation waters - Minqin oasis - Planting scenarios - River rehabilitation - Saving potentials - Surface irrigation  - Water requirements - Water-saving irrigation

Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 461.5 Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.002

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

55.  Accession number:20095012535503

Title:Remote sensing analysis of spatial-temporal changes of desertification land in Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Authors:Zhang, Jiansheng (1); Yan, Zhenglong (2); Wang, Xiaoguo (2); Huang, Qiang (1); Gao, Fan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; (2) Shaanxi Geomatics Center of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China, Xi'an 710054, China

Corresponding author:Yan, Z.

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:161-165

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The respective data of TM, ETM+ and ASTER in1999, 2002 and 2004 and together with the basic geographic data in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River were monitored, collected and analyzed in qualitative and quantitative way before and after the emergent water project in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River. Classifying the desertification land, modeling the target information extraction and establishing the dynamic change patterns, the spatial-temporal changing trend of desertification land in the study area showed that the none and weak desertification area increased from 14 768.33, 153 261.03 hm² in 1999 to 19 994.23, 159 953.76 hm² in 2004, respectively. The moderate desertification area decreased by 2 981.58 hm² on average annual, and the severe desertification area went up only by 1.07 hm². During the period of research, some desertification lands were evidently reversed and in turn the continuing trend of land degeneration was partly stopped and alleviated. The ecological environment far away from the river bed, however, was still bad and severe, and the entire ecological environment of the river basin was less optimistic because of the limited water inflow coming from the emergency water project as well as the linear water delivery.

Number of references:20

Main heading:Weathering

Controlled terms:Climatology - Remote sensing - River basin projects - Rivers - Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:Before and after - Changing trends - Dynamic changes - Ecological environments - Emergent water transportation - Geographic data - Land degeneration - Remote sensing analysis - River basins - River bed  - Spatial temporals - Spatial-temporal changes - Study areas - Target information - Tarim river - Water delivery - Water inflows - Water projects - Water transportation

Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.1 Surface Water - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 443 Meteorology - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 407.2 Waterways - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.029

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

56.  Accession number:20095012535504

Title:Spatial heterogeneity of soil line parameters of black soil zone in Northeast China

Authors:Liu, Huanjun (1); Yu, Wantai (1); Zhang, Xinle (2); Shen, Shanmin (1); Ma, Qiang (1); Zhou, Hua (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (2) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Corresponding author:Liu, H.       (hjliu@iae.ac.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:166-170

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Accurate soil line parameters are significant for monitoring vegetation or crop and analyzing soil properties with remote sensing images. Soil line parameters of different areas in black soil zone, Northeast China were calculated with MODIS reflectance products to analyze the spatial distribution of soil line parameters; then the vegetation indices relating to soil line were established, and the correlation coefficients between vegetation indices and crop leaf area index, the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation were analyzed. The results were as follows: the overall distribution of soil line slope in black soil zone was that from north to south, the value increased and reached maximum at south Hailun city and central Wangkui County (47&deg;N-47.7&deg;N), then decreased, the minimum value lay at south Dehui City and central Jiutai City. The correlation coefficients between vegetation indices relating to soil line and crop leaf area index, the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation were significantly greater than that between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and crop physiological parameters; the most sensitive vegetation index to soil line parameters was Adjusted Transformed Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index, and the vegetation indices calculated with soil line parameters in different zones showed more significant correlation with leaf area index and the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation than that calculated with single soil line parameter. With the introduction of soil line parameters, the precision of crop physiological parameters predicted with vegetation indices is much better.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Vegetation

Controlled terms:Crops - Forestry - Image reconstruction - Physiological models - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Size distribution - Soils - Spectrometers

Uncontrolled terms:Black soil - Correlation coefficient - Fraction of photosynthetically active radiations - Leaf area index - Minimum value - Normalized difference vegetation index - Northeast China - Physiological parameters - Remote sensing images - Soil line  - Soil property - Spatial distribution - Spatial heterogeneity - Vegetation index

Classification code:801 Chemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 933.1 Crystalline Solids - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 531.2 Metallography - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 731.1 Control Systems - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.030

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

57.  Accession number:20095012535512

Title:Experiment on microwave pyrolysis of crop straw bale

Authors:Zhao, Xiqiang (1); Song, Zhanlong (1); Liu, Hongzhen (1); Wang, Tao (1); Li, Longzhi (1); Ma, Chunyuan (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Engineering Research Center of Environment and Thermal Process, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Corresponding author:Ma, C.       (chym@sdu.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:210-214

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The characteristics of microwave pyrolysis of straw bale were studied using a microwave furnace and the composition of pyrolytic products and energy consumption analysis were also carried out. The results state that temperature distribution inside the bale is uniform and temperature rises quickly after microwave heating. Microwave input power is a key factor for microwave heating process, but heat and mass transfer inside straw bale have important influences on temperature distribution. Pyrolysis can be initiated by microwave heating, and the gaseous products are mainly composed of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, carbon dioxide, etc. Analysis of solid products was also carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N<inf>2</inf> absorption method and the specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter were obtained. Energy consumption of microwave pyrolysis is large, which can be improved by selecting suitable microwave power and the size of straw bale. Those results obtained from microwave pyrolysis provide foundational data for the new utilization of crop straw resources.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Microwaves

Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Carbon monoxide - Crops - Heating - Mass transfer - Methane - Microwave heating - Pyrolysis - Scanning electron microscopy - Temperature distribution  - Thermogravimetric analysis

Uncontrolled terms:Energy consumption - Energy consumption analysis - Gaseous products - Heat and mass transfer - Input power - Key factors - Microwave furnace - Microwave power - Microwave pyrolysis - Pore diameters  - Pore volume - Pyrolytic products - SEM - Solid products - Straw bales - Temperature rise

Classification code:741.1 Light/Optics - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 522 Gas Fuels - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 642.1 Process Heating - 643.1 Space Heating - 644.2 Refrigerants - 711 Electromagnetic Waves

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.038

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

58.  Accession number:20095012535500

Title:Tomato target matching based on multi-sensors machine vision information fusion

Authors:Mao, Hanping (1); Li, Mingxi (2)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu 212013, China; (2) Department of Equipment, Huangshi Institute of Technology, Huangshi 435003, China

Corresponding author:Mao, H.            (maohp@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:142-147

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:There is the uncertainty problem of characteristic match in the two dimensional images process of tomato acquired by robot binocular vision in natural growth condition. With the biological information of near-infrared spectrum and visible spectrum, the tomato's effective centric spots of multi-sensors image fusion are obtained in the binocular matching search, and the epipolar constraint and the unique constraint are adopted to do the regional bi-directional matching.. The results indicated that the match method may realize the only match of the target and had the high accuracy rate.

Number of references:16

Main heading:Image fusion

Controlled terms:Binocular vision - Binoculars - Computer vision - Fruits - Image matching - Infrared spectroscopy - Optical instruments - Sensors

Uncontrolled terms:Accuracy rate - Bi-directional - Binocular matching - Biological information - Epipolar constraints - Growth conditions - Machine vision - Multi sensor - Near infrared spectra - Target matching  - Two dimensional images - Uncertainty problems - Visible spectra

Classification code:941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 801 Chemistry - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 741.2 Vision - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 732.2 Control Instrumentation - 731.6 Robot Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.026

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

59.  Accession number:20095012535518

Title:Effect of less tillage and no-tillage patterns on decomposition of returned maize straw in wheat/maize system

Authors:Jiang, Xiaodong (1); Chi, Shuyun (3); Wang, Yun (2); Ning, Tangyuan (2); Li, Zengjia (2)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Applied Meteorology College, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Corresponding author:Li, Z.         (lizj@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:247-251

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:In order to research the effects of soil tillage patterns on decomposition of returning crops straw in wheat/maize farmlands of the irrigated high-yield farmland, four tillage patterns were adopted in Longkou city, Shandong Province, China for a whole year including winter wheat and maize growth seasons. Four tillage patterns were as follows: conventional tillage with straw returned (CS), rotary tillage with straw returned (RS), disk harrow tillage with straw returned (HS), no-tillage with straw covered (NC). Decomposition rate, decomposition speed and cellulose content of the returned straw were investigated. Results showed that the decomposition speed of the returned straw and soil temperature had a significant correlation; there was no significant difference between the decomposition rate of returned straw of RS, HS and CS, and it was the same case with decomposition speed of returned straw. Those phenomena showed that the two minimum tillage patterns (RS and HS) had not reduced straw decomposition because of reduced tillage compared with conventional tillage (CS). While decomposition rate and decomposition speed of returned straw of NC were significantly lower than those of CS, RS and HS. After the wheat growth season and maize growth season, 37.78% of the returned straw whose cellulose content was 20.69% was still remained, which may affect the emergence of wheat in the next year.

Number of references:12

Main heading:Agricultural machinery

Controlled terms:Agriculture - Cellulose - Hydraulic structures - Rapid solidification - Soils - Speed

Uncontrolled terms:Cellulose content - Cellulose decomposition - Conventional tillage - Decomposition rate - Disk harrow - Growth season - Maize straw - Minimum tillage - No tillage - Reduced tillage  - Shandong province - Soil temperature - Soil tillage - Winter wheat

Classification code:933 Solid State Physics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 931.1 Mechanics - 611 Hydroelectric and Tidal Power Plants - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.2 Related Hydraulic Structures - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 407.2 Waterways - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.045

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

60.  Accession number:20095012535489

Title:Comprehensive evaluation of effect of variable rate fertilization on spatial variability of soil nutrients

Authors:Wang, Guowei (1); Yan, Li (1); Chen, Guifen (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Technology Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (2) College of Computer Science Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China

Corresponding author:Chen, G.           (guifchen@163.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:82-85

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:Variable rate fertilization is very important part of precision agriculture. Its core idea is based on that according nutrient content in soil to determine fertilizer amount, so as to achieve balance of soil nutrients. Now the conventional method for evaluating the soil nutrients is based on inspecting variations of each kind of soil nutrient separately, and this method can not comprehensive analysis. Therefore, the soil nutrients spatial difference after the variable rate fertilization was comprehensive evaluated by using a weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm. In 3rd field of 13th village in Gongpeng Town of YuShu city, comprehensive comparing of the soil nutrients of the field with no variable rate fertilization, with continuous variable fertilization for two years or five years was conducted. Result showed that the soil nutrients spatial difference was reduced obviously after continuous variable rate fertilization.

Number of references:20

Main heading:Nutrients

Controlled terms:Clustering algorithms - Fuzzy clustering - Fuzzy systems - Soils

Uncontrolled terms:Comprehensive analysis - Comprehensive evaluation - Continuous variables - Conventional methods - Nutrient contents - Precision Agriculture - Soil nutrients - Spatial differences - Spatial variability - Variable rate fertilization  - Weighted fuzzy clustering

Classification code:921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 822.3 Food Products - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 731.1 Control Systems - 961 Systems Science - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.014

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

61.  Accession number:20095012535523

Title:Mechanical mechanism of soil-reinforcement for different plant communities in ecological restoration region

Authors:Wan, Li (1); Wang, Zhenhong (2); Yang, Chengbo (2)

Author affiliation:(1) River and Coastal Environment Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (2) College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Corresponding author:Wang, Z.           (w_zhenhong@126.com)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:278-283

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The mechanical mechanism of soil-reinforcement by roots had been studied by the tests for the pull-resistance of roots of vegetation which were in different recovery stages in Xinping ecological restoration region. Results showed that this improved method was an effective method which was able to conduct the experiment on the slope of mountainous area and study the root's mechanics function of plant communities which were composed of different species. The relationship between load and displacement in the process of root's level pull-resistance was obtained quantitatively, and the F-S curve was drawn. The F-S curves showed that all kinds of roots for different plant quadrats had different tensile properties, but they all passed through the elastic deformation stage, the plastic deformation stage and the strengthened stage. These roots played an important part in soil-reinforcement. Besides, with the development of ecological restoration process, the ecosystem's soil-reinforcement ability was enhanced.

Number of references:21

Main heading:Reinforcement

Controlled terms:Deformation - Ecosystems - Restoration - Soil testing - Soils - Tensile strength

Uncontrolled terms:Ecological restoration - Elastic deformation stage - Improved methods - Mechanical mechanisms - Mountainous area - Plant communities - Recovery stages - Root system - S Curve

Classification code:951 Materials Science - 913.5 Maintenance - 816.1 Processing of Plastics and Other Polymers - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 415 Metals, Plastics, Wood and Other Structural Materials - 412.2 Concrete Reinforcements - 409 Civil Engineering, General - 402 Buildings and Towers

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.050

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

62.  Accession number:20095012535511

Title:Compositional analysis of bio-oil pyrolysed from corn stalk and emulsification of bio-oil in diesel oil

Authors:Wang, Lihong (1); Wu, Juan (3); Yi, Weiming (2); Li, Yongjun (2); Bai, Xueyuan (2)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Agricultural Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China; (2) Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255091, China; (3) Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Vocational College of Shandong, Zibo 256414, China

Corresponding author:Yi, W.        (yiweiming@sdut.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:204-209

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:With the aim of studying chemical compounds and application of complicated bio-oil pyrolysed from corn stalk, bio-oil was analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the physical characteristics of emulsified fuel (EF) made by water-soluble bio-oil and diesel oil were determined. Bio-oil was comprised of two fractions: water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions. The major chemical compounds in water-soluble bio-oil occupied 80% of the total weight were water, acetic acid, 2-propanone-1-hydroxy, cyclopentenone, furfural and phenol, etc. After water-soluble bio-oil was extracted by dichloromethane (CH<inf>2</inf>Cl<inf>2</inf>), some compounds were detected, such as the derivatives of cyclopentenone, furfural and phenol. Water-insoluble fraction was so complicated that it was difficult to confirm compositions directly. Experiments were also conducted to study the stabilization of EF made by water-soluble bio-oil, diesel oil and emulsifier which was made by Span-80 and Tween-20 according to a certain proportion, and it was concluded that long reaction time, higher concentration of diesel oil and emulsifier or lower concentration of water-soluble bio-oil could lead to good stability. The heat value of EF was much higher than that of water-soluble bio-oil, but the pH value of EF did not change much better than that of water-soluble bio-oil. Some methods must be taken to reduce acidity of EF in order to apply in diesel engine.

Number of references:18

Main heading:Emulsification

Controlled terms:Acetone - Aldehydes - Biomass - Chemical compounds - Chemicals - Chromatographic analysis - Dichloromethane - Diesel engines - Diesel fuels - Emulsions  - Furfural - Lead - pH effects - Phenols - Pyrolysis - Spectrometry - Stabilization

Uncontrolled terms:Bio-oil - Compositional analysis - Concentration of - Corn stalk - Cyclopentenones - Diesel oil - Emulsified fuel - Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry - Good stability - Heat value  - pH value - Physical characteristics - Propanone - Reaction time - Tween-20

Classification code:951 Materials Science - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 523 Liquid Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 546.1 Lead and Alloys - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 801 Chemistry - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.037

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

63.  Accession number:20095012535493

Title:Design of synchronization flexible belt protecting device for metering device

Authors:Wang, Chong (1); Song, Jiannong (1); Wang, Jicheng (1); Wu, Guangwei (1); Liu, Cailing (1)

Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

Corresponding author:Song, J.            (songjn@cau.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:107-111

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:To resolve the problems of damage seed, complex machining and difficult exchange for traditional fixed board(belt) protecting seed device of metering device, the new protecting seed device was proposed. The structure and working principle were introduced, synchronization theory and maximum support force of protecting seed device was analyzed, critical condition of synchronizations was exported, and factors that impact on synchronization were obtained, maximum support force of protecting seed device was much smaller than seed compression failure force. The experiment results showed that the new protecting seed device decreased above 0.5% of rate of damage seed, and it was good at saving seeds and raised the germination rate of seeds.

Number of references:15

Main heading:Seed

Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Synchronization

Uncontrolled terms:Complex machining - Compression failure - Critical condition - Germination rates - Metering device - Metering devices - Protecting seed device - Rate of damage - Support forces - Working principles

Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 961 Systems Science

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.019

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.

64.  Accession number:20095012535478

Title:Physical simulation experiments of effects of macropores on soil water infiltration characteristics

Authors:Wu, Jiqiang (1); Zhang, Jianfeng (1); Gao, Rui (1)

Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources and Environmental Ecology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China

Corresponding author:Zhang, J.           (jfzhang@mail.xaut.edu.cn)

Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:25

Issue:10

Issue date:October 2009

Publication year:2009

Pages:13-18

Language:Chinese

ISSN:10026819

CODEN:NGOXEO

Document type:Journal article (JA)

Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:The different size sands and macropores' mold were used to simulate the same macropores' depth and different effective surface macropores, and a novel soil column was designed to observe the 3D infiltration of macropore flow under the condition of ponding water. The results showed that there was high correlation between the time when the wetting front turned to flush and stable and the effective surface macropore. The cumulative infiltration was in line with the Kostiakov model while its parameters were associated with the effective surface macropores. Under certain conditions, macropores connectivity played the dominant role for the preferential infiltration in soil. The presence of macropores could lead to typical change of the center profile's wet area. In the end, the study gave a quantitative concept for the center profile's wet area increment and its mathematical model with the effective surface macropores. The accuracy of the model verified by experiments can meet the requirments.

Number of references:14

Main heading:Hydraulic models

Controlled terms:Experiments - Mathematical models - Seepage - Simulators - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Three dimensional - Underwater soils

Uncontrolled terms:Different sizes - In-line - Macropore flow - Macropores - Physical simulation experiment - Soil column - Soil water - Wetting fronts

Classification code:657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 662.1 Automobiles - 671 Naval Architecture - 723.5 Computer Applications - 901.3 Engineering Research - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics - 655.2 Satellites - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 471.1 Oceanography, General - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 621 Nuclear Reactors - 632.1 Hydraulics - 654.1 Rockets and Missiles

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.10.003

Database:Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc.