1.   Accession number:  20094512421249

Title:  Profit and loss analysis on ecosystem services value based on land use change in Yellow River Delta

Authors:  Wu, Daqian1 ; Liu, Jian2 ; He, Tongli1 ; Wang, Shujun1 ; Wang, Renqing1, 2 

Author affiliation:  1  Colleague of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

2  Institute of Environment Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding author:  Wang, R. (wrq@sdu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  256-261

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  With the aim to investigate variations in ecosystem services in response to land use changes, techniques of remote sensing and geographic information system were integrated into the evaluation model to calculate the ecosystem services value in the Yellow River Delta from 1992 to 2005. The results indicated that the total ecosystem services value in 1992, 1996, 2001 and 2005 were 48.75×108, 49.75×108, 58.18×108 and 49.22×108 yuan, respectively. Tide land, shrub and grass land, and water body were the land use types that made the greatest contributions to the total ecosystem services value of the study region. The accumulative ecosystem services value of three land use types accounted for over 80% of the total value in the Yellow River Delta, indicating that these land use categories played important and remarkable roles in ecosystem services in the study region. The land use pattern of the Yellow River Delta in 2010 was predicted using the Markov model. The predicted total ecosystem services value in 2010 would reach 47.77×108 yuan. The total ecosystem services value might decrease further if the encroachment of coastline was taken into account.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Ecosystems

Controlled terms:  Geographic information systems  -  Land use  -  Markov processes  -  Optical losses  -  Profitability  -  Remote sensing  -  Rivers

Uncontrolled terms:  Ecosystem services  -  Ecosystem services value  -  Environment engineering  -  Evaluation models  -  Land use pattern  -  Land use type  -  Land-use change  -  Markov model  -  Profit and loss  -  Total values   -  Waterbodies  -  Yellow River Delta

Classification code:  922.1 Probability Theory  -  911.2 Industrial Economics  -  903.3 Information Retrieval and Use  -  741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  723.3 Database Systems  -  454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  442.2 Land Reclamation  -  407.2 Waterways  -  403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.046

Database:  Compendex

2.   Accession number:  20094512421250

Title:  Farmland classification based on data mining classification method

Authors:  Wang, Lu1, 2 ; Tian, Jian3 ; Liu, Jianmin3 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

2  Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Guangzhou 510640, China

3  School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China

Corresponding author:  Wang, L. (selinapple@163.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  262-267

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Decision tree, BP neural network, and logistic model were used to explored farmland classification of Longchuan Country. The effectiveness of results was analyzed. Confusion matrix was adapted to probe into accuracy of the classification. The results showed that the influences of the number of samples were different to three models. With more training samples, BP neural network and decision tree had heavier influence and higher accuracy in comparison with logistic model. Besides of three models, BP neural network had the highest accuracy and needed a longer time to train model with poor interpretation; decision tree had higher accurate and good interpretation; Logistic model performed worst, Therefore, decision tree might be the best model for farmland classification in Longchuan Country. So data mining classification is an effective and exact method for farmland evaluation, which will enhance the precision and accuracy of land evaluation, and is of significance for the optimization of farmland classification method.

Number of references:  19

Main heading:  Classification (of information)

Controlled terms:  Decision trees  -  Developing countries  -  Farms  -  Neural networks  -  Speech recognition

Uncontrolled terms:  Best model  -  BP  -  BP neural networks  -  Classification  -  Classification methods  -  Confusion matrices  -  Exact methods  -  Farmland classification  -  Land evaluation  -  Logistic models   -  Number of samples  -  Three models  -  Train model  -  Training sample

Classification code:  922 Statistical Methods  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  912.1 Industrial Engineering  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  901.4 Impact of Technology on Society  -  961 Systems Science  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  461.1 Biomedical Engineering  -  751.5 Speech

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.047

Database:  Compendex

3.   Accession number:  20094512421207

Title:  Soil moisture detection based on data fusion between near-infrared spectroscopy and machine vision

Authors:  Xiao, Wu1 ; Li, Xiaoyu1 ; Li, Peiwu2 ; Feng, Yaoze1 ; Wang, Wei1 ; Zhang, Jun1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Engineering and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

2  Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author:  Li, X. (lixiaoyu@mail.hzau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  14-17

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The aim was to find out a way to accurately, rapidly and stably measure soil moisture and extend the model adaptation. Data fusion technology of machine vision (MV) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was introduced to analyze soil moisture. Three kinds of soils (paddy soil, yellow brown soil and tidal soil) were collected from Hubei province to construct soil moisture analysis model based on NIRS; Soil surface image characteristics technique was used to build soil moisture analysis models using those three kinds of soils. NIRS was found to be influenced by sample state, so fusion technology of MV and NIRS was used. The results showed that soil moisture analysis model based on NIRS was quite accurate, but the model error of analysis of loess soil samples which were not included in the modeling sample set, was greater than 4%; Image parameters such as H, S and V were taken as input for the home network optimal prediction model, and decision coefficient R2 was obtained as high as 0.9849, but comparatively large error occurred when the model was applied to water-saturated samples (soil moisture>20%); However, the problem was successfully solved by implementing BP fusion neural network model with R2=0.9961 and validation analysis error of water samples was less than that produced either by MV or NIRS.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Geologic models

Controlled terms:  Computer vision  -  Data fusion  -  Groundwater  -  Information fusion  -  Infrared devices  -  Infrared spectroscopy  -  Infrared transmission  -  Mathematical models  -  Moisture determination  -  Near infrared spectroscopy   -  Neural networks  -  Permittivity  -  Personal communication systems  -  Soil moisture  -  Soil surveys  -  Spectroscopic analysis  -  Spectrum analysis  -  Textiles  -  Water analysis

Uncontrolled terms:  BP neural network  -  Brown soil  -  Fusion technology  -  Home networks  -  Hubei Province  -  Image parameters  -  Loess soils  -  Machine vision  -  Model Adaptation  -  Model errors   -  Neural network model  -  Paddy soils  -  Prediction model  -  Sample sets  -  Soil moisture analysis  -  Soil surfaces  -  Validation analysis  -  Water samples

Classification code:  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  921 Mathematics  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  819 Synthetic and Natural Fibers; Textile Technology  -  801 Chemistry  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems  -  741.2 Vision  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  944.2 Moisture Measurements  -  944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments  -  943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments  -  942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments  -  941.4 Optical Variables Measurements  -  941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments  -  931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics  -  741.1 Light/Optics  -  701 Electricity and Magnetism  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  481.1 Geology  -  461.1 Biomedical Engineering  -  445.2 Water Analysis  -  444.2 Groundwater  -  406.2 Roads and Streets  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials  -  731.6 Robot Applications  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing  -  718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications  -  717 Optical Communication  -  716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.003

Database:  Compendex

4.   Accession number:  20094512421213

Title:  Soil moisture consumption and ecological effects in alfalfa grasslands in longdong area of loess plateau

Authors:  Hu, Shoulin1 ; Jia, Zhikuan2 ; Wan, Sumei1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China

2  Research Center of Dryland Farming in Arid and Semi-arid Area, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

Corresponding author:  Jia, Z. (jiazhk@126.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  48-53

Language:  English

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Soil desiccation is the most serious problem, which leads to widespread land degradation in the Loess Plateau of China. Hence, it has important theoretical significance to study the consumption patterns of soil moisture in alfalfa grasslands so as to realize sustainable agricultural development and ecological environment rehabilitation in the entire Loess Plateau. Changes of soil moisture characteristics in 0-1000 cm soil and the effects on ecological environment of soil moisture in alfalfa grasslands were investigated. The results showed that: (1) In 0-1000 cm soil, the grasslands with alfalfa growing for four years, six years had the best soil moisture conditions, while the grasslands with alfalfa growing for twelve years, eighteen years and twenty-six years had the poorest soil moisture conditions. (2) In the Loess Plateau, emerging regional and extent of dry soil layer differed in alfalfa grasslands. (3) The grasslands with alfalfa growing for four years, six years and eight years did not produced unfavorable impacts on ecological environments of soil moisture, but the grasslands with alfalfa growing for twelve years, eighteen years and twenty six years had a profound negative impact on ecological environments of soil moisture. The study considered that in Longdong Loess Plateau, grass-crop rotation should be practiced to recover soil moisture so as continue to raise land productivity, after alfalfa grew for more than six years.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Soil moisture

Controlled terms:  Agriculture  -  Ecology  -  Groundwater  -  Moisture determination  -  Permittivity

Uncontrolled terms:  Alfalfa  -  Consumption patterns  -  Crop rotation  -  Dry soil layer  -  Ecological effect  -  Ecological environments  -  Grasslands  -  Land degradation  -  Loess Plateau  -  Negative impacts   -  Sustainable agricultural development

Classification code:  944.2 Moisture Measurements  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials  -  701 Electricity and Magnetism  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems  -  444.2 Groundwater

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.009

Database:  Compendex

5.   Accession number:  20094512421240

Title:  Rheological properties of several kinds of feedstocks for anaerobic fermentation and their influencing factors

Authors:  Liu, Yi1 ; Deng, Liangwei1 ; Wang, Zhiyong1 

Author affiliation:  1  Biogas Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China

Corresponding author:  Deng, L. (dlwbrtc@yahoo.com.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  204-209

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to provide a theoretical basis for selecting apparatus and designing processes of anaerobic fermentation, rheological properties of six kinds of feedstock were investigated, and rheological parameters were evaluated at different total solid concentrations, temperatures and fermentation time. The experimental results showed that the six kinds of manures behaved like pseudoplastic fluid and followed the power law model, and the flow behavior index decreased with the increase of concentration. The viscosities of duck manure, cattle manure and chicken manure decreased linearly with the increase of temperature, and the flow behavior index increased. The viscosities of pig manure, sheep manure and rabbit manure reduced at first, and then increased. The calculated activation energy of duck manure, cattle manure and chicken manure were 8.018, 11.337 and 8.285 kJ/mol, respectively. With the processes of fermentation, the viscosity of duck manure declined in the basic trends and showed similar changes with total solids. The viscosities of pig, sheep and cattle manures showed an upward trend, and the change trends of chicken and rabbit viscosities were not obvious.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Manures

Controlled terms:  Activation energy  -  Agriculture  -  Feedstocks  -  Fermentation  -  Fertilizers  -  Flow fields  -  Fluid dynamics  -  Meats  -  Rheology  -  Viscometers   -  Viscosity  -  Wool

Uncontrolled terms:  Anaerobic fermentation  -  Cattle manures  -  Chicken manure  -  Designing process  -  Duck manure  -  Flow behavior index  -  Influencing factor  -  Livestock manures  -  Pig manures  -  Power law model   -  Pseudoplastic fluid  -  Rheological parameter  -  Rheological properties  -  Rheological property  -  Sheep manure  -  Theoretical basis  -  Total solid concentrations  -  Total solids  -  Upward trend

Classification code:  819.1 Natural Fibers  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.2 Agricultural Chemicals  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  943.3 Special Purpose Instruments  -  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  931.1 Mechanics  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics  -  822.3 Food Products  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  452.3 Industrial Wastes  -  461.8 Biotechnology  -  513.3 Petroleum Products  -  631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  801.4 Physical Chemistry  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.037

Database:  Compendex

6.   Accession number:  20094512421239

Title:  Evaluation and analysis of net emergy yield of two bio-energy stations in Beijing suburb

Authors:  Hu, Yanxia1 ; Zhou, Liandi1 ; Li, Hong1 ; Wang, Ailing1 ; Shi, Dianlin2 ; Wang, Yu2 ; Yan, Maochao3 

Author affiliation:  1  Institute of Integrated Development of Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China

2  Rural Energy Sources and Environment Department, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, Beijing 100029, China

3  Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Research, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China

Corresponding author:  Zhou, L. (liandizhou@126.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  200-203

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on emergy method, the paper evaluated emergy input and output of middle straw gasification stations and biogas stations in Beijing suburb. The results showed that the net emergy yield ratio of straw gasification was higher than that of biogas station, and they were both lower than 1, which indicated that they both had a lower efficiency and no stronger economic competitiveness. So the development mode of two kinds of energy was uneconomical and unreasonable due to technical restriction. We should have a better understanding of the development mode of biomass energy, especially the development mode of the big or middle biogas stations. It should be constructed suitably according to the local conditions and lay emphasis upon the enhancement in research, meanwhile, it should also lay emphasis upon the commonweal characteristic of the bio-energy and exploit adequately the potential of biomass resources in Beijing suburb.

Number of references:  15

Main heading:  Biomass

Controlled terms:  Biogas  -  Competition  -  Gas generators  -  Gasification  -  Structural panels

Uncontrolled terms:  Bio-energy  -  Bio-mass energy  -  Biomass resources  -  Economic competitiveness  -  Emergy method  -  Emergy yield ratio  -  Input and outputs  -  Local conditions  -  Net energy yield ratio

Classification code:  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  911.2 Industrial Economics  -  802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment  -  522 Gas Fuels  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.036

Database:  Compendex

7.   Accession number:  20094512421217

Title:  Characteristics of side-sway joint based on flexible pneumatic actuator

Authors:  Zhang, Libin1 ; Wang, Zhiheng1 ; Bao, Guanjun1 ; Qian, Shaoming1 ; Yang, Qinghua1 

Author affiliation:  1  Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Edu., Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China

Corresponding author:  Zhang, L.

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  71-77

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on flexible pneumatic actuator (FPA), a new kind of flexible pneumatic side-sway joint was proposed. The side-sway joint is used for designing agricultural dexterous robot multi-fingered hand. The side-sway joint is basically composed of two FPAs. When the two FPAs were inflated with different compressed air pressure, the side-sway joint could realize left and right movement. The force equilibrium equation of the FPA free end was established. The static model of the side-sway joint was obtained, and the static model was also simplified. Experiments were carried out to verify the static model. Experimental results show that the experimental curve matched well with the simulated curve, and there was certain error between them (maximal static error is 0.035 rad). The error cause was analyzed. Then the experiments were carried out to measure the dynamic performances of the side-sway joint. Experimental results show that the step response time of the joint was about 2 s (steady value''s tolerance zone Δ=5%) respected to different expected angle step signals. The side-sway joint can significantly increase the workspace and further improve the adaptability and dexterity of the agricultural dexterous robot hand.

Number of references:  21

Main heading:  Robotic arms

Controlled terms:  Actuators  -  Atmospheric pressure  -  Cold storage  -  Compressed air  -  Experiments  -  Fits and tolerances  -  Focal plane arrays  -  Pneumatic equipment  -  Pneumatics

Uncontrolled terms:  Dexterous robot hand  -  Dexterous robots  -  Dynamic performance  -  Experimental curves  -  Flexible pneumatic actuator  -  Force equilibrium equations  -  Free end  -  Joints  -  Multifingered hands  -  Static error   -  Static model  -  Step signal  -  Tolerance zones

Classification code:  731.5 Robotics  -  731.6 Robot Applications  -  732.1 Control Equipment  -  731.2 Control System Applications  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  902.2 Codes and Standards  -  941.4 Optical Variables Measurements  -  901.3 Engineering Research  -  694.4 Storage  -  601 Mechanical Design  -  602.1 Mechanical Drives  -  632 Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Related Equipment, and Fluidics  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  632.3 Pneumatics  -  644.3 Refrigeration Equipment and Components  -  657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena  -  632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.013

Database:  Compendex

8.   Accession number:  20094512421238

Title:  Effect of household biogas project development on farmland nutrient flow

Authors:  Tang, Yunchuan1 ; Zhang, Weifeng1 ; Zhang, Fusuo1 ; Ma, Wenqi2 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

2  College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China

Corresponding author:  Tang, Y. (wfzhang@126.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  192-199

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The method of nutrient flow was adopted to compare farmers' nutrient management behaviors in 2007 between biogas and non-biogas farmer's household in 13 investigated sites which included Sichuan, Guangxi, Heibei, et al. provinces. The results showed the total amount of nutrient for putting was only 781.62 kg/hm2 in biogas household, which was significantly lower than 850.82 kg/hm2 that put into no-biogas farmers' household. The two groups' farmers had no significant difference in fertilizer and straw nutrient for putting to field per hectare; the amount of straws used as fuel for household was significantly decreasing, while the percentage which was burned in field was increasing in some investigated regions. But the percentage of manure putting into field in no-biogas farmers' household was 96%, and that was only 39% in biogas farmers' household. A great deal of manures put into biogas plants was not recycled into crop field. The percent of nutrient in biogas residue was only 9% of the total amount of nutrient returning to field. From a nutrient recycling view, the nutrient cycling efficiency of biogas farmers was 45%, which was only 64% of that in no-biogas farmers. Therefore, the booming development of biogas system in farmers household did not reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer, and did not improve the recycling of organic nutrient. Although biogas system in farmers household eliminate nutrient loss from manure in somewhere, the farmers should be trained to use their crop residue properly, to understand the function of biogas residue as fertilizer and to use it reasonably. By this way, biogas system can be really used to improve nutrient problem in China.

Number of references:  38

Main heading:  Nutrients

Controlled terms:  Biogas  -  Crops  -  Fertilizers  -  Manures  -  Recycling

Uncontrolled terms:  Biogas plants  -  Chemical fertilizers  -  Crop fields  -  Crop residue  -  Farmers' behavior  -  Guangxi  -  In-field  -  Nutrient cycling  -  Nutrient flows  -  Nutrient loss   -  Nutrient management  -  Nutrient recycling  -  Organic nutrients  -  Project development  -  Recycle use  -  Sichuan

Classification code:  822.3 Food Products  -  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  821.2 Agricultural Chemicals  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  522 Gas Fuels  -  461.9 Biology  -  454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems  -  452.3 Industrial Wastes

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.035

Database:  Compendex

9.   Accession number:  20094512421225

Title:  Restraint effectiveness of two-point seat belts in rollover accidents of engineering vehicles

Authors:  Wei, Xiuling1, 2 ; Wang, Guoqiang1 ; Hao, Wanjun1 ; Zhang, Yingshuang1 ; Zhang, Xianyu2 ; Wang, Jixin1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China

2  Department of Aeronautic Mechanical Engineering, Aviation University of Air Force, Changchun 130022, China

Corresponding author:  Wang, J. (jxwang@jlu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  119-123

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  A simulation model for a certain engineering vehicle was established to analyze the dynamic response of the operator in the accident of 90° lateral rollover. The motions of 50th percentile and 95th percentile human body model were simulated under these conditions: with and without wearing lap belt; with and without armrests. The restraint effectiveness of lap belt for different human sizes and the relationship between it and armrests were simulated by the established model. The results show that wearing a lap belt can reduce the likelihood of serious injury caused by operator ejection from the vehicle; the head and upper torso excursion for the larger operator model greatly increase the risk of interaction with hazardous features in the cab. When wearing a lap belt, the armrests tend to reduce the amount of head excursion and the severity of the head impact with the internal features of the cab, so the restraint effectiveness is better.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Simulators

Controlled terms:  Accidents  -  Dynamic response  -  Vehicles

Uncontrolled terms:  Engineering vehicle  -  Lap belt  -  Restraint effectiveness  -  Rollover  -  Simulation

Classification code:  914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention  -  671 Naval Architecture  -  662.1 Automobiles  -  657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena  -  655.2 Satellites  -  654.1 Rockets and Missiles  -  621 Nuclear Reactors  -  432 Highway Transportation  -  408.1 Structural Design, General

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.022

Database:  Compendex

10.   Accession number:  20094512421248

Title:  Characteristic analysis of spatio-temporal pattern evolution of land use in Harbin region of Songhuajiang watershed

Authors:  Gong, Wenfeng1 ; Kong, Da1 ; Fan, Wenyi2 ; Wang, Xiaofeng1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150086, China

2  College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Corresponding author:  Fan, W. (fanwy@163.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  249-255

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on the data of Landsat TM/ETM+ and field data in 1996 and 2005, land use changes were analyzed by ArcGIS, and the spatio-temporal changes of the land use pattern in Harbin region of Songhuajiang watershed were investigated. The results showed that: the spatial position conversion area of the land use was less than its quantitative change. The area order of land use changes was forestland>cultivated land>grassland>water body>unused land>construction land. The dynamic conversion process of land use was dominated by cultivated land-forestland, grassland-forestland and unused land-forestland, where the interconversion of cultivated land-forestland was at high frequency. The forestland, water area and construction land had high retention rates, and the grassland, unused land and cultivated land had high conversion rates. The forestland-cultivated land and grassland-cultivated land were main land conversion types in the area of 300-600 m above sea level, where the slope is greater than 25°, and overuse grassland and deforestation also existed. Because the research area was the main area of crop for food in Heilongjiang province, the dynamics of the spatio-temporal pattern of land use is helpful to reinforce the protection of land resource and to enforce the agro-forestry policies of reusing farmland for forestland and grassland and forestland. This research is also important in releasing the conflict between human and the fields, and it is meaningful to the sustainable development of land resources in order to keep the ecological balance of the studied region.

Number of references:  27

Main heading:  Land use

Controlled terms:  Agriculture  -  Deforestation  -  Landforms  -  Oceanography  -  Remote sensing  -  Strategic planning  -  Surface waters  -  Watersheds

Uncontrolled terms:  Agroforestry  -  Characteristic analysis  -  Construction land  -  Conversion process  -  Conversion rates  -  Cultivated lands  -  Ecological balance  -  Field data  -  Forest land  -  High frequency   -  Interconversions  -  Land conversion  -  Land resources  -  Land use pattern  -  Land-use change  -  Landsat TM/ETM+  -  Quantitative changes  -  Research areas  -  Retention rate  -  Spatial pattern   -  Spatial positions  -  Spatio-temporal changes  -  Spatiotemporal patterns  -  Water areas  -  Waterbodies

Classification code:  912.2 Management  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  481.1 Geology  -  471.1 Oceanography, General  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  442.2 Land Reclamation  -  403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.045

Database:  Compendex

11.   Accession number:  20094512421255

Title:  Application of complex preservative on prawn anti-melanosis and preservation

Authors:  Cao, Rong1, 2 ; Xue, Changhu1 ; Xu, Limin1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Food Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

2  Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

Corresponding author:  Xue, C. (xuech@mail.ouc.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  294-298

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In view of prawn melanosis, sulfite abuse and short shelf-life, a complex preservative (a mixture of chitosan and anti-melanosis material) without sulfite was developed. The effects of Trachypenaeus curvirostris preservation and anti-melanosis were verified. According to the results of orthogonal experiment L9(34), the optimum composition of chitosan 0.5 g/L, phytic acid 0.5 g/L, EDTA 0.5 g/L and 4-HR 0.01 g/L was determined. Results showed that complex preservative treatment slowed down the increase of aerobic plate count (APC) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) of Trachypenaeus curvirostris significantly, and melanosis was inhibited effectively during storage at (5±1)°C. Shelf-life of Trachypenaeus curvirostris treated by the complex preservative doubled almost. The complex preservative has great application prospects, and the cost of processing one kilogram prawns was only 0.22 Yuan.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Chitin

Controlled terms:  Chemical plants  -  Chitosan

Uncontrolled terms:  Anti-melanosis  -  Fresh-keeping  -  Shelf-life  -  Storage  -  Trachypenaeus curvirostris

Classification code:  402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings  -  802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment  -  804.1 Organic Compounds

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.052

Database:  Compendex

12.   Accession number:  20094512421251

Title:  Enzymatic hydrolysis extraction and optimization of spray drying technology in processing instant longan powder

Authors:  Su, Dongxiao1, 2 ; Zhang, Mingwei1, 2 ; Hou, Fangli1, 2 ; Tang, Xiaojun1 ; Wei, Zhencheng1 ; Zhang, Ruifen1 ; Chi, Jianwei1 ; Zhang, Yan1 ; Deng, Yuanyuan1 

Author affiliation:  1  Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Bio-Technol. Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sci., Guangzhou 510610, China

2  College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author:  Zhang, M. (mwzhh@163.net) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  268-274

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to establish the processing technology of instant longan powder, the uniform design was used to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis extraction conditions for the total soluble solids (TSS) in dried longan pulp, and the response surface methodology was used to optimize the spray drying parameters. The results showed that using dried longan pulp (13.62% moisture content) as the material, extracted with pectinase and cellulose enzyme, pH3.1, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 52°C, enzymatic hydrolysis time 160 min, pectinase addition 0.6‰, cellulose addition 0.15‰, the extraction rate of total soluble solids could reach up to 85.26%. When the content of total soluble solids reached 25%, maltodextrin (MD) was chosen as filler (MD:TSS, 0.8:1). Spray drying was conducted at hot air temperature of 185°C, hot air flow rate of 26.47 m3·h-1 and feeding rate of 0.20 L·h-1, and the yield of instant longan powder of 48.58% was obtained, with the moisture content of the instant longan powder below 5%. The longan powder had good color, flavor and solubility. Thus it can be concluded that it is possible to produce instant longan powder efficiently with the technologies of enzymatic hydrolysis extraction and spray drying.

Number of references:  14

Main heading:  Enzymatic hydrolysis

Controlled terms:  Cellulose  -  Curing  -  Dewatering  -  Extraction  -  Flavors  -  Moisture  -  Moisture determination  -  Optimization  -  Powders  -  Spray drying   -  Technology

Uncontrolled terms:  Extraction conditions  -  Extraction rate  -  Feeding rate  -  Hot air temperature  -  Hot airflow  -  Instant longan powder  -  Maltodextrins  -  Moisture contents  -  Pectinases  -  Processing technologies   -  Response Surface Methodology  -  Spray drying technology  -  Total soluble solids  -  Uniform Design

Classification code:  813.1 Coating Techniques  -  815.1 Polymeric Materials  -  815.1.1 Organic Polymers  -  818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing  -  822.2 Food Processing Operations  -  822.3 Food Products  -  901 Engineering Profession  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques  -  944.2 Moisture Measurements  -  812.1 Ceramics  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  536 Powder Metallurgy  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  801.4 Physical Chemistry  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.048

Database:  Compendex

13.   Accession number:  20094512421208

Title:  Comparison and application of several drought monitoring models in Ningxia, China

Authors:  Zhang, Xueyi1, 2 ; Li, Jianping2 ; Qin, Qiming3 ; Han, Yingjuan2 ; Zhang, Xiaoyu2 ; Wang, Lianxi1 ; Guan, Jingde2 

Author affiliation:  1  Nanjing Information Engineering University, Nanjing 210044, China

2  Ningxia Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan 750002, China

3  Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Corresponding author:  Zhang, X. (yifei_lzu@sohu.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  18-23

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Land surface temperature (LST) was obtained by MODIS data and observation data from automatic weather station on the ground. Modify temperature-vegetation dryness index (MTVDI) was studied by LST combined with MODIS-EVI. Modified energy index (MEI) was studied by channel 2 data and LST test. Vegetation coverage was introduced, and modify perpendicular drought index (MPDI) was studied by channel 1 and channel 2 data. Combined with the soil moisture data from the agro-meteorological regular observation business, statistical functions of the indexes and soil moisture were established, which were all pass the 0.01 significance test. The models had been applied to Ningxia drought monitoring business, the results showed that the monitoring effects of MTVDI and MPDI were significant in crop growing season, and MEI, PDI were effective on bare ground or sparse vegetation. Each model has its own advantage and disadvantage, and the comprehensive application of the models could achieve the best results during the actual monitoring. The accuracy could reach to 90%.

Number of references:  13

Main heading:  Monitoring

Controlled terms:  Atmospheric temperature  -  Atmospherics  -  Cultivation  -  Drought  -  Groundwater  -  Moisture determination  -  Permittivity  -  Radiometers  -  Soil moisture  -  Space time adaptive processing   -  Spectrometers  -  Vegetation  -  Weather information services

Uncontrolled terms:  Automatic weather stations  -  Bare grounds  -  Comparative application  -  Drought indices  -  Drought monitoring  -  Energy indexes  -  Growing season  -  Land surface temperature  -  Monitoring effect  -  Ningxia   -  Observation data  -  Significance test  -  Statistical functions  -  Temperature-vegetation dryness indices  -  Vegetation coverage

Classification code:  716.4 Television Systems and Equipment  -  718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems  -  801 Chemistry  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments  -  941.3 Optical Instruments  -  942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments  -  943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments  -  944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments  -  944.2 Moisture Measurements  -  944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments  -  716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment  -  443 Meteorology  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  443.3 Precipitation  -  444 Water Resources  -  444.2 Groundwater  -  461.9 Biology  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  701 Electricity and Magnetism  -  701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.004

Database:  Compendex

14.   Accession number:  20094512421254

Title:  Drying characteristics of blackcurrant pulp by microwave-assisted foam mat drying

Authors:  Zheng, Xianzhe1 ; Liu, Chenghai1 ; Zhou, He1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Corresponding author:  Zheng, X. (zhengxz2006@yahoo.com.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  288-293

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to study the feasibility of microwave-assisted foam mat drying method for the dehydration blackcurrant pulp, a reasonable foaming additive formula was determined and the microwave-assisted foam mat drying characteristics of blackcurrant pulp were analyzed. The concentration of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and soy protein isolated (SPI) with food grade, selected as the foaming additive, had obvious effects on the foaming properties of blackcurrant pulp. A reasonable foaming additive formula for the blackcurrant pulp with optimum expansion and high stability was developed that the 6% GMS and 3% g SPI as foam inducers and the 10 mL carboxylic methyl cellulose (CMC) with concentration of 0.5% as foam stabilizer, accompanying with the stirring time of 6 min. The experimental results of microwave assisted foam mat drying method showed that the drying intensity of foamed blackcurrant pulp increase with the increase of initial microwave intensity and the decrease of thickness of material layer. Contrasting the microwave with conventional hot air as the heat source for the foam mat drying of blackcurrant pulp, the qualities of dried blackcurrant product in terms of drying rate, color and appearance dried by microwave method are superior to that dried by the hot air. The parameters including the initial microwave intensity of 14.0 W/g and thickness of material layer of 5 mm are recommended for the continuous microwave belt dryer to dry the foamed blackcurrant pulp. Therefore, microwave assisted foam mat drying is suitable for the dehydration processing of blackcurrant pulp.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Drying

Controlled terms:  Color  -  Curing  -  Dehydration  -  Dewatering  -  Interchanges  -  Microwave devices  -  Microwaves

Uncontrolled terms:  Belt dryer  -  Blackcurrant pulp  -  Color evaluation  -  Concentration of  -  Drying characteristics  -  Drying intensity  -  Drying methods  -  Drying rates  -  Foaming additives  -  Foaming properties   -  Food grade  -  Glyceryl monostearate  -  Heat sources  -  High stability  -  Hot air  -  Material layers  -  Methyl cellulose  -  Microwave intensity  -  Microwave methods  -  Microwave-assisted   -  Soy protein  -  Stabilizers

Classification code:  815.1 Polymeric Materials  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  741.1 Light/Optics  -  818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing  -  715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial  -  711 Electromagnetic Waves  -  642.1 Process Heating  -  406.1 Highway Systems  -  714 Electronic Components and Tubes

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.051

Database:  Compendex

15.   Accession number:  20094512421206

Title:  Measurement of soil water content for different soil types by using time domain transmission technology

Authors:  Zheng, Rumei1 ; Li, Zizhong1 ; Gong, Yuanshi1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Corresponding author:  Li, Z. (zizhong@cau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  8-13

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  According to the disadvantages of time domain reflectometry (TDR) on measuring water content for saline soils, high organic matter soils and red soils, a laboratory experiment was conducted to study the applicability of time domain transmission (TDT) instrument for measuring soil water content for different soil types. The results showed that there was a good linear relationship between soil volumetric water content and TDT voltage output for aeolian soils, cinnamon soils and fluvo-aquic soils. An uniform calibration relationship could be established for above soil types with a standard error of estimate of 0.026 cm3·cm-3; The linear relationship between soil volumetric water content and TDT voltage output was still hold for saline soils (EC value of 11.12 dS·m-1, salinity content of 59.5 g·kg-1) with a standard error of estimate of 0.025 cm3·cm-3; For chestnut soils (organic matter content of 67.95 g·kg-1) and red soils, the relationships between soil volumetric water contents and TDT voltage outputs were the cubic polynomials, with the standard errors of estimate of 0.028 cm3·cm-3 and 0.015 cm3·cm-3, respectively. Therefore, TDT instrument can be used to measure soil water content for many types of soils, and presents more superior performance for saline soils, high organic matter soils and red soils comparing with TDR.

Number of references:  20

Main heading:  Soil testing

Controlled terms:  Biogeochemistry  -  Biological materials  -  Organic compounds  -  Saline water  -  Soil moisture  -  Standards  -  Textures  -  Time domain analysis  -  Underwater soils  -  Water content

Uncontrolled terms:  Aeolian soil  -  Cinnamon soil  -  Cubic polynomials  -  High organic  -  Laboratory experiments  -  Linear relationships  -  Organic matter content  -  Red soils  -  Saline soil  -  Soil types   -  Soil water content  -  Standard errors  -  Time Domain Reflectometry  -  Time domain transmission  -  Voltage output  -  Volumetric water content

Classification code:  921 Mathematics  -  902.2 Codes and Standards  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  933 Solid State Physics  -  703.1.1 Electric Network Analysis  -  481.2 Geochemistry  -  471.1 Oceanography, General  -  461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering  -  444 Water Resources  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.002

Database:  Compendex

16.   Accession number:  20094512421226

Title:  Crop planting structure extraction in irrigated areas from multi-sensor and multi-temporal remote sensing data

Authors:  Cai, Xueliang1, 2 ; Cui, Yuanlai1 

Author affiliation:  1  State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower, Wuhan 430072, China

2  International Water Management Institute, Colombo 20075, Sri Lanka

Corresponding author:  Cui, Y. (Cuiyuanlai@263.net) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  124-130

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Crop planting structure extraction in irrigated areas includes a range of dynamic parameters which require proper spatial and temporal resolution remotely sensed data. The paper seeks to extract crop planting structure by employing multi-temporal images from multi-sensors. Landsat enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) images and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) monthly data were res-merged to produce a mega data tube, which was then classified using ISO cluster algorithm. Spectral signature of each class was extracted and identified using spectral matching technique taking crop coefficient curve as reference. In the way Zhanghe Irrigation system in southern China was classified into four classes: rice-rapeseed rotation, rice-wheat rotation, single summer crops, and double economic crops. Accuracy assessment suggests good agreement with statistical data and 91% classification accuracy when using IKONOS high resolution images as Ground Truth data. The application demonstrates the method a cost-efficient and robust approach to extract crop planting structure at irrigation system scale.

Number of references:  28

Main heading:  Image matching

Controlled terms:  Atmospherics  -  Crops  -  Image processing  -  Irrigation  -  Radiometers  -  Remote sensing  -  Rotation  -  Satellite imagery  -  Spectrometers  -  Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms:  Accuracy assessment  -  Classification accuracy  -  Cluster algorithms  -  Cost-efficient  -  Crop coefficient curves  -  Dynamic parameters  -  ETM+  -  Ground truth data  -  High resolution image  -  Irrigation systems   -  Landsat enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image  -  Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer  -  MODIS  -  Multi sensor  -  Multi-temporal image  -  Multi-temporal remote sensing  -  Normalized difference vegetation index  -  Planting structure  -  Remotely sensed data  -  Southern China   -  Spectral matching technique  -  Spectral matchings  -  Spectral signature  -  Statistical datas  -  Structure extraction  -  Temporal resolution

Classification code:  741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems  -  801 Chemistry  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  931.1 Mechanics  -  941.3 Optical Instruments  -  944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  443 Meteorology  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  461.9 Biology  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  601.1 Mechanical Devices  -  655.2 Satellites  -  656.2 Space Research  -  701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.023

Database:  Compendex

17.   Accession number:  20094512421241

Title:  Effect of metal-modified catalyst on liquefaction of pine sawdust

Authors:  Cheng, Mingyang1 ; Yuan, Xingzhong1 ; Zeng, Guangming1 ; Tong, Jingyi1 ; Wang, Lihua1 ; Li, Hui1 ; Ding, Yanmin1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Corresponding author:  Yuan, X. (yxz@hnu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  210-214

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Thermal chemical liquefaction of pin sawdust was carried out in a 1 L autoclave. Solid and liquid products were recovered with three solvents, and four kinds of different oil was obtained. The influence of reaction temperature and catalysts on production rate and composition of the bio-oil was investigated. The results showed that the highest conversion rate of pin sawdust was obtained under the temperature of 320°C without catalyst. Four different catalysts were used under the temperature of 300°C, the highest conversion rate of pin sawdust was gained with the catalyst of Fe3+-exchanged HZSM-5 zeolite, the production rate was 42.8%, rose by 9.7% as compared to no catalyst conditions, meanwhile, the production rate of residue was reduced by 5.8%. components of bio-oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the results showed that compared with no catalyst, the catalyst of Fe3+-exchanged HZSM-5 could make the proportion of the long chain compounds obviously diminish, and the proportion of the main compound butylated hydroxy toluene increased markedly reaching more than 50%. Adding metal-modified catalysts can increase the production rate of bio-oil, and provides a new way for producing high added value chemical product via biomass.

Number of references:  15

Main heading:  Catalysts

Controlled terms:  Biomass  -  Catalysis  -  Chromatographic analysis  -  Gas chromatography  -  Liquefaction  -  Mass spectrometry  -  Metal recovery  -  Metals  -  Toluene  -  Zeolites

Uncontrolled terms:  Added-value chemicals  -  Bio oil  -  Conversion rates  -  Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry  -  H-ZSM-5  -  HZSM-5 zeolites  -  Liquefaction effect  -  Liquid products  -  Long chains  -  Metal catalyst   -  Pine sawdust  -  Production rates  -  Reaction temperature

Classification code:  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  943.3 Special Purpose Instruments  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  801 Chemistry  -  531 Metallurgy and Metallography  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.038

Database:  Compendex

18.   Accession number:  20094512421222

Title:  Design and experiment of control system of variable pesticide application machine hauled by tractor

Authors:  Zhai, Changyuan1 ; Zhu, Ruixiang1 ; Sui, Shuntao1 ; Xue, Shaoping1 ; Shangguan, Zhouping2 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

2  Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

Corresponding author:  Zhu, R. (zrxjdxy2006@sohu.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  105-109

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Pesticide application control is the key technology to improve operation quality, reduce chemical pollution, and cut down costs of production. A control system of variable pesticide application machine hauled by tractor was designed based on AT89C52 using hysteresis control method. The system can automatically change spraying volume according to the speed of the tractor in order to stabilize pesticide application volume. Experiments show that: when the acceleration of the tractor is less than 0.4 m/s2, the error between the actual application pesticide volume and the pesticide application volume set does not exceed 8%. The highly efficient system has good atomization effect. It not only can reduce pesticide residues and environmental pollution, but also can meet the needs of agricultural production.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Pesticides

Controlled terms:  Agriculture  -  Computers  -  Control theory  -  Machine design  -  Machinery  -  Microcomputers  -  Pollution control  -  Tractors (agricultural)  -  Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms:  Agricultural productions  -  Application-control  -  AT89C52  -  Chemical pollution  -  Efficient systems  -  Environmental pollutions  -  Hysteresis control  -  Key technologies  -  Operation quality  -  Pesticide residue   -  Variable pesticide application

Classification code:  821.2 Agricultural Chemicals  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications  -  722.4 Digital Computers and Systems  -  722 Computer Systems and Equipment  -  663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles  -  601 Mechanical Design  -  454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.019

Database:  Compendex

19.   Accession number:  20094512421232

Title:  Soil erosion assessment of small watershed in Loess Plateau based on GIS and RUSLE

Authors:  Qin, Wei1, 2 ; Zhu, Qingke2 ; Zhang, Yan2 

Author affiliation:  1  Department of Sedimentation, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China

2  Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Corresponding author:  Zhu, Q. (xiangmb@bjfu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  157-163

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The algorithm of slope length factor based on up-slop runoff area was mended and new algorithm of slope length factor considering the effect of land use/cover for up-slop runoff was produced. By using geographic information system (GIS) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), the soil erosion intensity and its relationship with environmental factors in the Simianyaogou watershed, located at Loess Plateau were studied. The results showed that the average annual soil erosion intensity in the watershed was 4 399.79 t/(km2·a), which was in the category of moderate degree erosion. Both soil erosion intensity and amount increased significantly with the increasing of the slop gradient. 80.59% of the total soil loss occurred in the region with a gradient more than 25 degree, of which the area was 59.06% of the total watershed area. Soil erosion intensity varied with slope aspects in a trend of sunny slope>half-sunny slope>half-shady slope>shady slope. The area of sunny slope occupyed 45.07% of the total watershed area, but the erosion amount of which occupyed 56.50% of the total erosion amount. In different land use types, the grassland occupyed 57.07% of the total watershede area, but the erosion amount of which occupyed 96.37% of the total erosion amount. So, grassland had became the major erosion and sediment source in the watershed. The study provides technical basis for applying RUSLE to assess soil erosion on Loess Plateau and offers useful references for water and soil resource utilization in the region.

Number of references:  30

Main heading:  Erosion

Controlled terms:  Geographic information systems  -  Information systems  -  Land use  -  Landforms  -  Runoff  -  Sediment transport  -  Soils  -  Watersheds

Uncontrolled terms:  Different land use types  -  Environmental factors  -  Land use/cover  -  Loess plateau  -  Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)  -  Revised universal soil loss equations  -  Sediment sources  -  Slope aspect  -  Slope length  -  Small watersheds   -  Soil erosion  -  Soil loss  -  Soil resources  -  Watershed areas

Classification code:  903.3 Information Retrieval and Use  -  903.2 Information Dissemination  -  723.3 Database Systems  -  631.3 Flow of Fluid-Like Materials  -  539.1 Metals Corrosion  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations  -  481.1 Geology  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  442.2 Land Reclamation  -  442.1 Flood Control  -  407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways  -  403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.029

Database:  Compendex

20.   Accession number:  20094512421212

Title:  Effects of ridge width and planting density on corn yields in rainwater-harvesting system with plastic film mulching on ridge

Authors:  Wang, Xiaoling1 ; Chen, Mingcan1 ; Yi, Xianfeng1 ; Fu, Guozhan1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China

Corresponding author:  Wang, X. (xlwang1975@163.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  40-47

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Field experiment was carried out to study effects of ridge width and planting density on corn yields and water use efficiency in a plastic film mulching on ridge for rainwater-harvesting system. The system was designed by two widths of ridges of 30 cm and 60 cm that had three planting densities of high, middle and low. The results showed that soil water content and microbial biomass carbon content were increasing in the system. Corn height and biomass per plant decreased gradually but biomass per unit area increased gradually in the system with the increase of corn density under the same wide ridges. The rainwater- harvesting system with the ridge width of 60 cm could significantly increase chlorophyll content during a period of less precipitation, but significantly decreased the chlorophyll content in high corn density. The rainwater-harvesting system with the 30 cm wide ridge would make grain yield decrease due to the decreasing proportion of organic matter allocation to grain caused by intensive intraspecific competition. The rainwater- harvesting system with the ridge width of 60 cm and the high planting density had the highest yields and water use efficiency among the treatments.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Water content

Controlled terms:  Biochemical oxygen demand  -  Biomass  -  Chlorophyll  -  Forestry  -  Harvesting  -  Plastic films  -  Porphyrins  -  Protective coatings  -  Soil moisture  -  Underwater soils   -  Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:  Corn  -  Density  -  Mulching  -  Rainwater harvesting of ridge and furrow  -  Ridge width  -  Yield

Classification code:  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  813.2 Coating Materials  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  817.1 Polymer Products  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  539.2.2 Protecting Materials  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems  -  452.2 Sewage Treatment  -  452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal  -  444 Water Resources  -  453 Water Pollution  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  471.1 Oceanography, General

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.008

Database:  Compendex

21.   Accession number:  20094512421210

Title:  Analysis of spatio-temporal characteristic on seasonal drought of spring maize based on crop water deficit index

Authors:  Huang, Wanhua1, 2 ; Yang, Xiaoguang1 ; Qu, Huihui1 ; Feng, Liping1 ; Huang, Binxiang1 ; Wang, Jing1 ; Shi, Shengjin1 ; Wu, Yongfeng3 ; Zhang, Xiaoyu1 ; Xiao, Xiaoping4 ; Yang, Guangli4 ; Li, Maosong3 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

2  Hunan Meteorological Research Institute, Changsha 410007, China

3  Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

4  Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

Corresponding author:  Yang, X. (yangxg@cau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  28-34

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Seasonal drought is the most prominent meteorological disaster which affects spring maize production in Hunan Province. Therefore, analyzing its temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and occurring rules are important to provide technical supports for the development and reasonable layout of maize production in Hunan Province. Weather data of 96 stations from 1961 to 2007 were used to calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) and crop water requirement (ETc) of maize by the method of Penman-Monteith formula commended by FAO(1998). In this paper, effects of surplus water on crop water deficit index (CWDI) were considered, and the calculating method of CWDI was modified. The frequencies of different classes of drought were calculated and their temporal and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed by the modified method of CWDI subsequently. Typical stations in different regions were selected to analyze the inter-decade variations of modified CWDI. Results indicated there were significant seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics. Drought occurred in high frequency at the stage of tasselling to silking and thereafter. Drought frequency obviously increased with backwards shift of growth stage. Light drought happened in higher frequency than medium and severe drought. In space, drought occurred with the highest frequency in Hengyang and its surrounding area in mid-south part of Hunan, followed with the east and north part, and low frequency region located in west part. Drought was more serious in 1980s, and became light in 1990s.

Number of references:  21

Main heading:  Water resources

Controlled terms:  Crops  -  Drought  -  Profilometry  -  Size distribution  -  Water analysis  -  Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:  Calculating methods  -  Crop evapotranspiration  -  Crop water requirement  -  Crop water requirements  -  Growth stages  -  High frequency  -  Higher frequencies  -  Hunan province  -  Low frequency regions  -  Maize production   -  Penman-Monteith formula  -  Spatial distribution  -  Spatio-temporal characteristic  -  Spatiotemporal characteristics  -  Spring maize  -  Technical support  -  Temporal and spatial distribution  -  Water deficit index  -  Weather data

Classification code:  933.1 Crystalline Solids  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  801 Chemistry  -  943.3 Special Purpose Instruments  -  531.2 Metallography  -  445.2 Water Analysis  -  444 Water Resources  -  443.3 Precipitation  -  423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.006

Database:  Compendex

22.   Accession number:  20094512421236

Title:  Optimization of earth wall thickness and thermal insulation property of solar greenhouse in Northwest China

Authors:  Yang, Jianjun1 ; Zou, Zhirong1 ; Zhang, Zhi1 ; Wang, Yunbing1 ; Zhang, Zhixin1 ; Yan, Fei1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, Yangling 712100, China

Corresponding author:  Zou, Z. (zouzhirong2005@163.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  180-185

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  More than 95% Solar Greenhouse walls were built with earth in Northwest China, the thickness of the earth walls changed with areas. In order to find out the optimal earth wall thicknesses of Solar Greenhouse in the Northwest China, the study chose some earth wall of solar greenhouses used widely in the Northwest China from Tacheng City in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, Yangling Region in Shanxi Province, Baiyin City in Gansu Province and Yinchuan City in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The environmental indexes of the regions were compared and analyzed, and the heat release at night and heat transfer characteristics were researched The results showed that the optimal thickness was 1.0 m in Yangling Region, 1.3 m in Baiyin City, 1.5 m in Yinchuan City and 1.4 m in Tacheng City, mainly based on the cost of construction and land utilization rate considered comprehensive. These thicknesses can meet the requirements of the local insulation property. It is not significant to increase the thermal insulation effect with again increasing the thickness when reached the optimization.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Greenhouses

Controlled terms:  Optimization  -  Solar heating  -  Thermal insulation  -  Walls (structural partitions)

Uncontrolled terms:  Earth wall  -  Heat release  -  Northwest China  -  Solar greenhouse  -  Thickness optimization

Classification code:  921.5 Optimization Techniques  -  821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures  -  657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena  -  643.1 Space Heating  -  642.1 Process Heating  -  413.2 Heat Insulating Materials  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings  -  402 Buildings and Towers

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.033

Database:  Compendex

23.   Accession number:  20094512421219

Title:  Experiment on the best structure parameters of root-cutting shovel for winter wheat

Authors:  Lü, Zhaoqin1 ; Li, Ruxin1 ; Yin, Kerong1 ; Zhao, Ran1 

Author affiliation:  1  Mechanical-Electronic College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Corresponding author:  Lü, Z. (lzqsdau2003@126.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  83-87

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Mechanical root-cutting technology is an important high-yield cultivation measure of winter wheat sowing. Root-cutting shovel is the key working components of mechanical root-cutting of wheat, and whether the design of the working parameters is reasonable, determines the mechanical root-cutting effect of wheat and the operating quality of root-cutting. Through the test parameters and analysis of root-cutting shovel, root-cutting mechanisms were proposed,root-cutting effect and the operating quality with different structure parameters were trially studied, and the best parameters to meet the demand for wheat root cutting were attained. The results showed: with the increase of the wing-open angle 2γ of root-cutting shovel, the role of sliding-cutting was reduced, and winding and blocked weed was increased; the smaller the soil-cutting angle β0 was, the better root-cutting capacity would be; soil-smashing angle β had an assistant effect for wheat root-cutting; the bigger soil-entering angle and root-cutting shovel's breadth B were, the more quantity of roots would be cut,while the more serious digging-up the soil, wheat seedings injured and irregular earth surface were. The reasonable working parameters of root-cutting shovel were: γ=45°, β=12°, β0=18°, α=8.5°, B=8 cm. The results provide a basis for the design of wheat root-cutting machine.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Mechanisms

Controlled terms:  Machine design  -  Shovels  -  Soils

Uncontrolled terms:  Cutting angles  -  Cutting capacity  -  Cutting effect  -  Cutting machines  -  Cutting mechanisms  -  Cutting technology  -  Different structure  -  Earth surface  -  Mechanical root-cutting  -  Structure   -  Structure parameter  -  Test parameters  -  Wheat  -  Wheat roots  -  Winter wheat  -  Working parameters

Classification code:  405.1 Construction Equipment  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  601 Mechanical Design  -  601.3 Mechanisms  -  605.2 Small Tools, Unpowered

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.015

Database:  Compendex

24.   Accession number:  20094512421256

Title:  Preservation effect of eggs by coating with plant antibacterial oil emulsion

Authors:  Xie, Jing1 ; Ma, Meihu2 ; Gao, Jin1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

2  College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author:  Ma, M. (mameihuhn@yahoo.com.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  299-304

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to prolong the storage period of eggs, the coating preservation experiments were carried out using antibacterial emulsions compounded from four extracted oils, such as origanum vulgare oil, garlic oil, ginger oil and clove oil respectively. The results showed that, after storage of five weeks, through analyzing sensory characteristics and internal quality index of eggs, the preservation effects of all treated groups with compound plant antibacterial oil were better than the control group, especially the origanum vulgare oil group and the clove oil group were the best. With the compound plant antibacterial oil of origanum and clove, all of the eggs were still fresh with weight loss rate of 2.824% and 2.656%, yolk index of 0.1965 and 0.2129, and the Haugh unit of 40.311 and 41.312, respectively after 5-week storage at 30°C and relative humidity of 80%-90%.

Number of references:  15

Main heading:  Group technology

Controlled terms:  Agricultural products  -  Atmospheric humidity  -  Coatings  -  Emulsification  -  Emulsions  -  Food preservation

Uncontrolled terms:  Antistaling agents  -  Chiken eggs  -  Clove oil  -  Control groups  -  Garlic oil  -  Internal quality  -  Oil emulsions  -  Origanum vulgare  -  Preservation with film  -  Relative humidities   -  Sensory characteristics  -  Storage  -  Storage periods  -  Weight loss rates

Classification code:  913.1 Production Engineering  -  822.2 Food Processing Operations  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  813.2 Coating Materials  -  913.2 Production Control  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  801.3 Colloid Chemistry  -  539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.053

Database:  Compendex

25.   Accession number:  20094512421211

Title:  Ammonia volatilization and its influence factors of paddy field under water-saving irrigation

Authors:  Peng, Shizhang1, 2 ; Yang, Shihong1, 2 ; Xu, Junzeng1 

Author affiliation:  1  State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

2  Institute of Water-Saving Irrigation, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Corresponding author:  Peng, S. (szpeng@hhu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  35-39

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to study the characteristics of ammonia volatilization from paddy field under water-saving irrigation, ammonia volatilization under different irrigation techniques were measured through field experiment. Variations of ammonia volatilization rate and volatilization amount of paddy field during rice growing season were analyzed, as well as the relationships between ammonia volatilization rate and its influence factors. The results showed that the ammonia volatilization rate during rice growing season under controlled irrigation varied with the same pattern as that under flooding irrigation, and was lower than that under flooding irrigation in the most time after reaching the peak value of ammonia volatilization induced by tiller fertilizer. Volatilization amount during rice growing season was 125.27 kg/hm2 under controlled irrigation, and it was 145.64 kg/hm2 under flooding irrigation, account for 32.06% and 36.11% of the applied N respectively. In addition to fertilization, the ammonia volatilization from paddy field had close relationship with NH4+-N concentration in surface water or surface soil water, air temperature, wind speed, day light hours and the air humidity. Compared with flooding irrigation technique, controlled irrigation can reduce ammonia volatilization.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Irrigation

Controlled terms:  Ammonia  -  Ammonium compounds  -  Soil moisture  -  Underwater soils  -  Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms:  Air humidity  -  Air temperature  -  Ammonia volatilization  -  Field experiment  -  Growing season  -  Influence factors  -  Paddy field  -  Paddy fields  -  Peak values  -  Surface soil   -  Under water  -  Volatilization  -  Wind speed

Classification code:  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  471.1 Oceanography, General  -  444 Water Resources  -  403.1 Urban Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.007

Database:  Compendex

26.   Accession number:  20094512421247

Title:  Effect of land consolidation history on soil quality of purple hilly region

Authors:  Xu, Chang1 ; Gao, Ming1 ; Xie, Deti1 ; Jiang, Tao1 ; Li, Sha2 ; Wei, Chaofu1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

2  Agriculture Technology and Popularization Center, Chongqing 402773, China

Corresponding author:  Gao, M. (gaoming@swu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  242-248

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to study the cumulative effect of land consolidation on soil quality of purple hilly region, field sampling and laboratory analysis were combined to explore the variation rule of soil quality on different slope positions with different land consolidation history (1, 3 and 5 a), based on the basic evaluation factors of soil physical-chemical and biological properties. The results showed that a trend of reducing first and increasing afterwards with increasing consolidation history could be found in the content of soil organic matter and available N on three types of slope position (2°-6°, >6°-15°, >15°-25°) within five years. The content of available P and K both decreased appreciably after the accomplishment of land consolidation for one year, and then, the former showed the trend of returning rapidly, while the latter showed no increase-back. Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased after land consolidation, and the increase amplitude was between 19.44% and 24.04%. There was no notable regular change existing in biological properties of soil on different types of slope position within five years after land consolidation, only the activity of acid phosphatase was enhanced with increasing consolidation history, and the difference was significant (P>0.05). One year after the accomplishment of land consolidation, the change of soil quality which was characterized by the physical-chemical and biological properties was the most uneven, but it was improved after the accomplishment of land consolidation for three and five years to a certain extent. Consequently, the situation of soil physical-chemical and biological properties can be promoted by the implementation of land consolidation in purple hilly region, and also the comprehensive quality of soil. This positive role to soil quality will be more and more obvious with the increasing land consolidation history.

Number of references:  25

Main heading:  Soils

Controlled terms:  Chemical properties  -  Enzyme activity  -  Enzymes  -  Land use  -  Organic compounds

Uncontrolled terms:  Acid phosphatase  -  Available P and K  -  Biological properties  -  Cation exchange capacities  -  Comprehensive qualities  -  Cumulative effects  -  Different slopes  -  Evaluation factor  -  Field sampling  -  Laboratory analysis   -  Physical-chemical properties  -  Purple hilly area  -  Slope positions  -  Soil organic matters  -  Soil quality

Classification code:  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  801 Chemistry  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  461.9 Biology  -  461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering  -  442.2 Land Reclamation  -  423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials  -  403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.044

Database:  Compendex

27.   Accession number:  20094512421237

Title:  Effect of organic, low-input and conventional production model on soil quality in solar greenhouse vegetable growing system

Authors:  Liang, Lina1 ; Li, Ji1 ; Yang, Hefa2 ; Xie, Yongli1 ; Xu, Zhi1 ; Zhang, Longli1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

2  Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, Quzhou 057250, China

Corresponding author:  Li, J. (liji@cau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  186-191

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  There has been increased scientific interest in the organic framing system which is one alternative to conventional agriculture. A long-term greenhouse soil of organic, low-input and conventional farming systems was studied, contrast analyses of the effects of organic farming system on soil nutrients, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil enzyme activities were made. The results showed after six-year experiments, the application of organic farming system could significantly increase soil total carbon and nitrogen content, and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content. The soil enzyme activities were improved. The performance indicators were organic system > low-input system > conventional system. The application of organic farming system could significantly improve soil quality and be conductive to the sustainable use of soil. The order of the yields of summer tomatoes was organic system > low-input system > conventional system. The autumn crop yields of organic system increased with planting years.

Number of references:  28

Main heading:  Geologic models

Controlled terms:  Agriculture  -  Benchmarking  -  Biomass  -  Enzymes  -  Greenhouse effect  -  Greenhouses  -  Nitrogen  -  Soils

Uncontrolled terms:  Conventional systems  -  Crop yield  -  Farming system  -  Framing system  -  Greenhouse soil  -  Input systems  -  Low-input farming system  -  Organic farming system  -  Organic systems  -  Performance indicators   -  Production models  -  Quality  -  Soil enzyme activity  -  Soil microbial biomass  -  Soil nutrients  -  Soil quality  -  Solar greenhouse  -  Sustainable use  -  Total carbon

Classification code:  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures  -  912 Industrial Engineering and Management  -  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  451 Air Pollution  -  461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering  -  481.1 Geology  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.034

Database:  Compendex

28.   Accession number:  20094512421215

Title:  Design and implementation of automatic control system for sectional type subsurface drip irrigation in greenhouse

Authors:  Ren, Wentao1 ; Yang, Yi1 ; Zhang, Benhua1 ; Cui, Hongguang1 ; Huang, Yi2 ; Zhang, Yulong2 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China

2  College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China

Corresponding author:  Ren, W. (renwentao1958@yahoo.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  59-63

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to fully draw out the potential of water saving and benefit increasing of the subsurface drip irrigation technology in greenhouse production, the authors developed an irrigation control system with the method of fuzzy controlling. In the design process of the system, the authors considered the climate characteristic of cold and drought in the northeast of China, and the greenhouse production scale and financial situation of the local farmers specially. The developed system consists of a controller, a magnetic valve, a soil humidity transducer, a water tank and a sectional sub irrigation ductwork. An 89S51 type chip microprocessor has been used as the controller, and the type of the A/D converter is ADC0804. An LCM display module is adopted as the indicator, and a 24c02 type chip as the external memory. The keyboard of the system consists of four spring type keys. There are two input signals to the two-dimension controller which are the errors of soil moisture and the change rate of the above error. There are also two output signals from the controller which are the open time of magnetic valve and the continuous open period of the above valve. Experiment results showed that the governing time needed 30-40 min to raise soil moisture by 10%, the control error was &le3%, and the operation of the system was steady. The accuracy and rapidity of the system were able to satisfy the agriculture technical requirements.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Controllers

Controlled terms:  Analog to digital conversion  -  Automation  -  Control  -  Drought  -  Fuzzy control  -  Greenhouses  -  Groundwater  -  Humidity control  -  Moisture determination  -  Permittivity   -  Predictive control systems  -  Programmable logic controllers  -  Programmed control systems  -  Soil moisture  -  Subirrigation  -  Water conservation  -  Water tanks

Uncontrolled terms:  A/D converter  -  Automatic control systems  -  Climate characteristics  -  Control errors  -  Design process  -  Ductworks  -  External memory  -  Greenhouse production  -  Input signal  -  Output signal   -  Soil humidity  -  Subsurface drip irrigation  -  Technical requirement  -  Two-dimension  -  Water saving

Classification code:  722.4 Digital Computers and Systems  -  722.5 Analog and Hybrid Computers  -  723.1 Computer Programming  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence  -  731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications  -  944.2 Moisture Measurements  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  732.1 Control Equipment  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures  -  921 Mathematics  -  732 Control Devices  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials  -  701 Electricity and Magnetism  -  402 Buildings and Towers  -  402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings  -  403.1 Urban Planning and Development  -  443.3 Precipitation  -  444 Water Resources  -  444.2 Groundwater  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  619.2 Tanks  -  643.3 Air Conditioning

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.011

Database:  Compendex

29.   Accession number:  20094512421245

Title:  Effects of crop stubble combined with biological fences on reducing soil wind erosion

Authors:  Zhao, Peiyi1, 2 ; Li, Huanchun2 ; Tuo, Debao2 ; Pan, Xuebiao3 ; Yan, Wei1 ; Duan, Yu2 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

2  Key Observation Station of Ecologic Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Nutrition and Analysis, Inner-Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China

3  College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China

Corresponding author:  Zhao, P. (zhpy@263.net) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  231-235

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to explore protective effects of crop stubble combined with biological fence on bare intercropping autumn-ploughed farmland in spring and winter in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, the methods of wind erosion ring and field movable wind tunnel instrument were adapted to monitor soil wind erosion with PC-3 automatic weather station used for measurement of wind speed in study region. The results showed that wind velocity near land surface was decreased and land surface roughness was increased by sunflower stalk as biological fence. It was found that the effect of reducing wind erosion of the millet stubble was better than that of biological fence, the reducing rate of wind erosion showed a shape of letter "V", and the amount of wind erosion reached the maximum when the distance from biological fence or millet stubble was about 4 m. The wind deposit appeared at 5 m distance of the millet stubble in the bare field due to the protective effects of biological fence or millet stubble. The amount of wind erosion in the bare field was increased with the wind speed increased by movable wind tunnel, and the reducing rate of wind erosion was 5.03%-20.53% with the wind speed of 5 m/s to 15 m/s due to protection of biological fences. Therefore, sunflower stalk as biological fence can control the wind erosion and will play more efficient roles in holding soil if combining with crop stubble.

Number of references:  20

Main heading:  Erosion

Controlled terms:  Aerodynamics  -  Crops  -  Fences  -  Soils  -  Surface measurement  -  Surface roughness  -  Tunnels  -  Weather information services  -  Wind effects  -  Wind tunnels

Uncontrolled terms:  Animal husbandry  -  Automatic weather stations  -  Biological fence  -  Land surface  -  Movable wind tunnel  -  Protective effects  -  Soil wind erosion  -  Sunflower stalks  -  Wind erosion  -  Wind erosion ring   -  Wind erosions  -  Wind speed  -  Wind velocities

Classification code:  539.1 Metals Corrosion  -  651.1 Aerodynamics, General  -  651.2 Wind Tunnels  -  716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment  -  716.4 Television Systems and Equipment  -  718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  401.2 Tunnels and Tunneling  -  402 Buildings and Towers  -  407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways  -  408.1 Structural Design, General  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  422.1 Test Equipment  -  443 Meteorology  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.042

Database:  Compendex

30.   Accession number:  20094512421230

Title:  Remote sensing measurement of corn planting area based on field-data

Authors:  Ma, Li1, 2 ; Gu, Xiaohe1 ; Xu, Xingang1 ; Huang, Wenjiang1 ; Jia, Jianhua2 

Author affiliation:  1  National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China

2  Department of Survey Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China

Corresponding author:  Gu, X. (guxh@nercita.org.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  147-151

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Stating the cultivation area of cereal crops in administrative unit and the spatial distribution information of cereal crops are not only the basis to estimate the food production, but also the important basis to constitute the food policy and adjust the planting structures. The spatial information technology represented by RS, GIS and GPS is the key technical support to state the cultivation area of cereal crops, and it is also the important part to achieve from conventional statistics to spatial statistics step by step. In order to obtain the planting area of corn by remote sensing measurement, this study chose Yuanyang county of Henan province where was the agricultural region with complex planting structure as experimental area and established field background database by high-resolution image. After the data was pretreated, the pre-classification was carried by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital number (DN) according to the multi-temporal thematic mapper (TM) images, and the planting range was preliminarily obtained. Then we integrated the classification results and vector field boundary, taking the area proportion of corn in the field as the delamination symbol to establish the delamination model, then we went out to investigate the real area proportion of corn in the selected field by the combination of remoting sensing images and vehicular GPS. By the GPS points, the corn pre-classification results were corrected using decision tree. At last, we used the investigated results as standard to judge the classification results, the position precision was 81.8%, and the gross precision was 91.1%. It shows that the position precision and gross precision of multi-temporal TM images can be improved by the database of field boundary.

Number of references:  21

Main heading:  Remote sensing

Controlled terms:  Crops  -  Cultivation  -  Decision trees  -  Global positioning system  -  Steel sheet  -  Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms:  Area-based  -  Cereal crop  -  Classification  -  Classification results  -  Corn planting  -  Digital numbers  -  Field boundaries  -  Food policies  -  Food production  -  Henan Province   -  High resolution image  -  Multi-temporal  -  NDVI  -  Normalized difference vegetation index  -  Spatial distribution  -  Spatial informations  -  Spatial statistics  -  Step-by-step  -  Technical support  -  The area of corn   -  Thematic mapper images  -  TM  -  TM image  -  Vector fields

Classification code:  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  912.1 Industrial Engineering  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  922 Statistical Methods  -  943.3 Special Purpose Instruments  -  961 Systems Science  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  461.9 Biology  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  535.1 Metal Rolling  -  545.3 Steel  -  655.2.1 Communication Satellites  -  716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment  -  731.1 Control Systems

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.027

Database:  Compendex

31.   Accession number:  20094512421233

Title:  Design of network information system of 3D insect specimen

Authors:  Liu, Guiyang1 ; Qi, Ying2 ; Lin, Zhiwei3 ; Ding, Guochao1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Information Technology, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing 163319, China

2  Academic Affairs Office, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing 163319, China

3  College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing 163319, China

Corresponding author:  Liu, G. (guiyangliu@126.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  164-168

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  In order to inspect insect specimen in multi-angle on the internet, the authors introduced a method of 3-D insect specimen demonstration. Using self-developed shooting device and image processing technology, automatic modeling and virtual demonstrate method of 3D insect specimen image model were implemented. Based on those, the 3-D insect specimen network information system was built. In the system, the insect specimen could be modeled automatically, showed panoramically and reserved timelessly, which provided the data support for insect learning and researching.

Number of references:  7

Main heading:  Three dimensional

Controlled terms:  Image processing  -  Information systems  -  Insect control  -  Visualization  -  World Wide Web

Uncontrolled terms:  Automatic modeling  -  Data support  -  Image processing technology  -  Multi-angle  -  Network information systems  -  Specimen images

Classification code:  903.3 Information Retrieval and Use  -  741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds  -  821.2 Agricultural Chemicals  -  902.1 Engineering Graphics  -  903.2 Information Dissemination  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications  -  718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications  -  717 Optical Communication  -  716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television  -  461.7 Health Care  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.030

Database:  Compendex

32.   Accession number:  20094512421214

Title:  Evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of potted pakchoi under different surface coverage degrees

Authors:  Li, Xia1, 2 ; Wang, Guodong1 ; Xue, Xuzhang2 ; Xie, Yingge1 ; Chen, Fei2 ; Li, Shao2 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Science, Northwestern Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

2  National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China

Corresponding author:  Xue, X. (xuexz@nercita.org.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  54-58

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Through pot experiment, dynamic changes of temperature and humity in micro-environment at growth period of pakechoi, and water consumption rules of crop transpiration and planting substrate evaporation were studied under different coverage degrees. The results showed that the air temperature and humidity increased with the coverage degrees increasing at growth point. During day and night, evapotranspiration decreased with increasing of coverage degrees. The variation of daytime evapotranspiration was significant, the order of evapotranspiration was the no-coverage treatment >1/2 coverage treatment >15/16 circle coverage. The total water consumptions tended to decrease with coverage degrees increasing during pakchoi growth period. Water consumption of 1/2 circle coverage, 3/4 circle coverage, and 15/16 circle coverage were 91.34%, 69.03% and 40.74% of the none coverage treatment, respectively. To none coverage, 1/2 circle coverage, 3/4 circle, and 15/16 circle, and their corresponding average dry weights of the aerial parts were 5.551, 6.536, 5.143, 3.345 g, and their corresponding water use efficiency were 1.53, 1.97, 2.05, 2.25 kg/m3. The above results indicated that the water use efficiency of pakchoi increased with the increasing of coverage degrees, the maximum value of water use effiieny appeared at 15/16 circle coverage treatment.

Number of references:  17

Main heading:  Water absorption

Controlled terms:  Biochemical oxygen demand  -  Crops  -  Evapotranspiration  -  Forestry  -  Transpiration  -  Water recycling  -  Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:  Average light intensity  -  Coverage degree  -  Eapotranspiration  -  Pakchoi  -  Water use efficiency (WUE)

Classification code:  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  453.2 Water Pollution Control  -  461.9 Biology  -  641.2 Heat Transfer  -  643 Space Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  453 Water Pollution  -  452.2 Sewage Treatment  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems  -  445.1 Water Treatment Techniques  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  444 Water Resources  -  452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.010

Database:  Compendex

33.   Accession number:  20094512421234

Title:  Analysis of influence factors about space sampling efficiency of winter wheat planting area

Authors:  Zhang, Jinshui1 ; Pan, Yaozhong1 ; Hu, Tan'gao1 ; Chen, Lianqun1 ; Dong, Yansheng1 

Author affiliation:  1  State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Corresponding author:  Zhang, J. (zhangjsh@ires.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  169-173

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on the sample space of farming area measurement method combining the advantages of remote sensing and sampling theory, spatial sample method has been widely applied for crop planting area. In the paper, a stratfied sampling method based on grid was introduced for such purposes. Firstly, with the 0-1 image, the effects of the factors of grid size, strata layer number on sampling accuracy, sampling variance and sampling ratio were analyzed. Secondly, binary image classification defining as result for crop area, random mix error was adopted for different kinds of abundance (10%, 20% &mellip;&mellip;, 100%) of winter wheat. The effects of the factors of grid size, strata layer number and classification error on sampling accuracy, sample ratio were analyzed. Finally, the layer number defined as six was brought up, and under classification error lower 40% was good for crop area estimation with spatial sample method. In a word, the research has developed a good method for optimizing spatial sampling.

Number of references:  22

Main heading:  Crops

Controlled terms:  Binary images  -  Errors  -  Image analysis  -  Image classification  -  Remote sensing

Uncontrolled terms:  Area estimation  -  Area measurement  -  Classification errors  -  Grid size  -  Influence factors  -  Layer number  -  Sample space  -  Sampling method  -  Sampling ratios  -  Sampling theory   -  Space sampling  -  Spatial sampling  -  Winter wheat

Classification code:  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  921 Mathematics  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing  -  716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.031

Database:  Compendex

34.   Accession number:  20094512421228

Title:  ARIS-based requirement analysis of agricultural information collection system

Authors:  Xu, Gang1 ; Chen, Tianen1 ; Chen, Liping1 ; Wang, Yanji1 ; Gao, Yunbing1 

Author affiliation:  1  National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China

Corresponding author:  Chen, T. (chente@nercita.org.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  136-140

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Requirement analysis is important for information system engineering, and the requirement definition and analysis of agricultural information system engineering were increasingly being focused with the development of the agricultural informationization. This paper used the ARIS-based requirement analysis and modeling method in the design of the agricultural information collection platform to solve the inaccurate description problem of the requirement in the agricultural software system. The application of the five views of ARIS in the agricultural information system was studied by using the EPC (Event-Driven Process Chains) method to model the requirement in the agricultural information collection platform. Finally, the practical implementation of the software shows the advantages of ARIS modeling method for the agricultural research and development.

Number of references:  15

Main heading:  Models

Controlled terms:  Computer software  -  Information systems  -  Systems engineering

Uncontrolled terms:  Agricultural information collection  -  Agricultural information engineering  -  Agricultural information systems  -  Agricultural research  -  ARIS  -  Event driven process chain  -  Information collections  -  Informationization  -  Modeling method  -  Practical implementation   -  Requirement analysis  -  Software systems

Classification code:  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications  -  902.1 Engineering Graphics  -  903.2 Information Dissemination  -  903.3 Information Retrieval and Use  -  912 Industrial Engineering and Management  -  961 Systems Science

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.025

Database:  Compendex

35.   Accession number:  20094512421243

Title:  Pyrolysis characteristics and dynamics of different components of cotton stalk

Authors:  Zhou, Ling1, 2 ; Zhou, Fujun2, 3 ; Jiang, Enchen2 ; Wang, Mingfeng2 

Author affiliation:  1  School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

2  Institute of Biomass Energy Research, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China

3  College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150041, China

Corresponding author:  Jiang, E. (ecjiang@scau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  220-225

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The pyrolysis characteristics of stalk, bark, xylem, and pith of cotton were studied by means of STA449c thermo gravimetric apparatus. The process was carried out with heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30°C/min and final temperature of 600°C under the atmosphere of nitrogen. TG-DTG curves for these four samples showed that their properties agreed with similar laws of pyrolysis. The pyrolysis of the samples was divided into 4 stages: extraction of water, pre-heating, main pyrolysis and charring. As the ash content of cotton bark was the highest among the different components of cotton, it produced more residues after the pyrolysis process. Xylem and pith of cotton, which were more volatile components, had a larger rate of weight loss. The optimized mechanism and the corresponding function G(α), f(α) were derived from the regression of Stava and Achar. The results showed that when α was 10%-80%, the activation energy of the four substances were relatively stable. However, the activation energies for cotton bark were found relatively higher than the others. The kinetic mechanism of the four substances could be best described by Avrami-Erofeev equations, which belonged to the random nucleation and subsequent growth mechanism. The reaction orders of samples were different according to the experimental results. The study provides a good reference for cotton stalk waste recycling and biomass pyrolysis device design, as well as process parameters optimization.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Thermogravimetric analysis

Controlled terms:  Activation energy  -  Biomass  -  Cotton  -  Heating  -  Pyrolysis  -  Solvent extraction

Uncontrolled terms:  Ash contents  -  Biomass pyrolysis  -  Cotton stalk  -  Device design  -  Gravimetric apparatus  -  Growth mechanisms  -  Kinetic mechanism  -  Process parameters  -  Pyrolysis process  -  Random nucleation   -  Reaction orders  -  Volatile components  -  Waste recycling  -  Weight loss

Classification code:  821.5 Agricultural Wastes  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  819.1 Natural Fibers  -  805.1.1 Biochemical Engineering  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  801 Chemistry  -  643.1 Space Heating  -  642.1 Process Heating  -  525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues  -  801.4 Physical Chemistry

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.040

Database:  Compendex

36.   Accession number:  20094512421205

Title:  Scale effect research framework of irrigation water use efficiency indices in well-canal combined irrigation area

Authors:  Chen, Haorui1 ; Huang, Jiesheng1 ; Wu, Jingwei1 ; Yang, Jinzhong1 

Author affiliation:  1  State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Corresponding author:  Chen, H. (chr_1984@yahoo.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  1-7

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The current research of scale effect of irrigation water use efficiency was mainly focused at irrigation schemes with surface water resources, and less involved with groundwater irrigation. Based on the water accounting method developed by International Water Management Institute (IWMI), a general framework for analyzing variability of irrigation water use efficiency indices across scales in well-canal combined irrigation were proposed with return water utilization index, taking Shijin irrigation scheme in Hebei province as an example. In the framework, assessment indices developed by IWMI were explored to access irrigation water use efficiency, and five scales, namely irrigation scheme, main canal, branch main canal, branch canal and field scale, were selected according to the management mode of most irrigation areas in China. Data required for water accounting at those scales were mainly obtained from Shijing irrigation area scheme management agency as well as observation experimentation. Generally speaking, five key aspects of scale effect research of irrigation water use efficiency assessment indices, including assessment indices selection, scale division, water accounting, data collection and return water analyzing, were presented in the research, which could provide some references and experiences to the study on the scale effect of water saving in well-canal combined irrigation area in North China.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Irrigation canals

Controlled terms:  Biochemical oxygen demand  -  Forestry  -  Groundwater  -  Groundwater resources  -  Hydraulic structures  -  Hydrogeology  -  Irrigation  -  Research  -  Surface water resources  -  Water conservation   -  Water management  -  Water supply

Uncontrolled terms:  Accounting methods  -  Assessment index  -  Data collection  -  Field scale  -  Groundwater irrigation  -  Hebei Province  -  International waters  -  Irrigation area  -  Irrigation schemes  -  Irrigation water use efficiency   -  North China  -  Return water  -  Scale effects  -  Water use efficiency

Classification code:  452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal  -  453 Water Pollution  -  481.1 Geology  -  452.2 Sewage Treatment  -  611 Hydroelectric and Tidal Power Plants  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  901.3 Engineering Research  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  446.2 Related Hydraulic Structures  -  407.2 Waterways  -  441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development  -  444 Water Resources  -  403.1 Urban Planning and Development  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  446 Waterworks  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems  -  444.2 Groundwater

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.001

 Database:  Compendex

37.   Accession number:  20094512421252

Title:  Effects of different fixation methods on the quality of green tea

Authors:  Zhu, Dewen1, 2 ; Yue, Pengxiang1 ; Yuan, Dishun3 

Author affiliation:  1  Science and Technology College of Tea and Food, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

2  Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China

3  College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Corresponding author:  Zhu, D. (zdwww7009@sina.com) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  275-279

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Fixation work is critical process to improve the green tea processing quality. The authors used the microwave fixation technology, hot-air fixation technology, steam fixation technology, the pan firing fixation technology and the combination fixation technology by the steam-hot air in the green tea processing. The sensory quality and characteristics of chemical components of processed green tea were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the tea contour luster, Tang Se, the phyllotaxis exhibited preferably while the fragrance and the tea taste exhibited unsatisfactory. The caffeine, the tea polyphenols, Vitamin C and the chlorophyll preserving content were the highest in tea, and they were 2.70%, 34.40%, 33.35×10-2 mg/g and 2.24 mg/g respectively in conditions of microwave output 10 kW, the fixation time 2.5 min, the temperature of fixation leaf 75°C. The fixation time by microwave fixation technology was 1/4-1/3 of that of traditional heating fixation, and the energy consumption cost was 1/3 of that of traditional heating fixation. The tea fragrance was the best, the amino acid preserving content reached 3.48%, and the total score of sensory quality amounted to 90.75 points by the steam-hot air combination fixation technology in condition of the fixation time of 3 min (steam)+3 min (hot air), the fixation leaf temperature of 80°C.

Number of references:  18

Main heading:  Quality control

Controlled terms:  Amines  -  Amino acids  -  Chlorophyll  -  Firing (of materials)  -  Heating  -  Microwaves  -  Organic acids  -  Phenols  -  Porphyrins  -  Quality assurance   -  Quality function deployment  -  Sensory perception  -  Steam  -  Technology  -  Total quality management

Uncontrolled terms:  Chemical component  -  Different fixation methods  -  Energy consumption  -  Green tea  -  Hot air  -  Leaf temperature  -  Microwave fixation  -  Processing quality  -  Sensory qualities  -  Tea polyphenols   -  Traditional heating  -  Vitamin C

Classification code:  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  711 Electromagnetic Waves  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  812.1 Ceramics  -  812.2 Refractories  -  901 Engineering Profession  -  912.2 Management  -  913.3 Quality Assurance and Control  -  643.1 Space Heating  -  414.1 Brickmaking  -  461 Bioengineering and Biology  -  461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering  -  642.1 Process Heating  -  614 Steam Power Plants  -  617.3 Steam Engines  -  641.1 Thermodynamics  -  617.2 Steam Turbines

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.049

Database:  Compendex

38.   Accession number:  20094512421227

Title:  Method for rapid discrimination of varieties of rice using visible NIR spectroscopy

Authors:  Zhou, Zili1, 3 ; Zhang, Yu2 ; He, Yong3 ; Li, Xiaoli3 ; Shao, Yongni3 

Author affiliation:  1  Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou 310053, China

2  Zhejiang Technology Institute of Economy, Hangzhou 310018, China

3  College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China

Corresponding author:  He, Y. (yhe@zju.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  131-135

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on the visible-near infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) technology, a new method to discriminate varieties of rice was proposed. First, the clustering of varieties of rice was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Second, characteristics information of spectra were extracted by wavelet transform (WT), which as input sets for artificial neural network (ANN) to discriminate rice varieties of rice. And then a total of 180 (60 in each category) samples of three categories were adopted in this study, with 150 (50 in each category) for training sets and the remaining 30 (10 for each category) for prediction sets. The experimental results show that the identification rate reached 99.3%, which proves that the new method proposed in this study is capable to discriminate the varieties of rice with high accuracy. In addition, it might provide a new method to discriminate rice varieties.

Number of references:  16

Main heading:  Principal component analysis

Controlled terms:  Backpropagation  -  Infrared devices  -  Infrared spectroscopy  -  Infrared transmission  -  Near infrared spectroscopy  -  Neural networks  -  Spectroscopic analysis  -  Wavelet transforms

Uncontrolled terms:  Artificial neural network  -  Identification rates  -  Input set  -  NIR spectroscopy  -  Rice  -  Training sets  -  Vis-NIRS  -  Visible-near infrared spectroscopy

Classification code:  931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  921.3 Mathematical Transformations  -  941.4 Optical Variables Measurements  -  801 Chemistry  -  741.1 Light/Optics  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence  -  461.1 Biomedical Engineering  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.024

Database:  Compendex

39.   Accession number:  20094512421246

Title:  Effect of land use change on ecosystem services value of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River

Authors:  Wu, Xing1 ; Shen, Zhenyao1 ; Liu, Ruimin1 ; Gong, Yongwei1 

Author affiliation:  1  State Key Laboratory of Environ Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Corresponding author:  Shen, Z. (zyshen@bnu.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  236-241

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Based on dynamic data of land use in 1980, 1990 and 2000, and by the table of Chinese ecosystem service value per unit area of different ecosystem types and ecological sensitivity analysis, a typical ecological fragile zones of the upper reach of Yangtze River was selected to explore land use changes and their effects on the ecosystem services value. Results showed that area of forest, grassland and wetland had the varying degree growth, and ecosystem service values showed an upward trend in the study region from 1980 to 1990. However, due to a dramatic increase in the area of construction land, farmland and unused land from 1990 to 2000, which were mainly transferred from forest and grass land, all kinds of ecosystem functions declined in different extents during the whole study period. The total ecosystem service values of the study region reduced from 11 119.16×108 Yuan in 1980 to 11077.85×108 Yuan in 2000, with the net decline of 41.31×108 Yuan. The rapid urbanization and development mode aimed at economic interests have brought significant harm to the local ecosystem service functions and sustainable development.

Number of references:  20

Main heading:  Ecosystems

Controlled terms:  Environmental engineering  -  Land use  -  Rivers  -  Sensitivity analysis  -  Strategic planning

Uncontrolled terms:  Construction land  -  Ecological sensitivity  -  Ecological values  -  Economic interests  -  Ecosystem functions  -  Ecosystem services  -  Ecosystem services value  -  Land-use change  -  ON dynamics  -  Per unit   -  Significant harm  -  Upper reaches of Yangtze River  -  Upward trend  -  Yangtze River

Classification code:  921 Mathematics  -  912.2 Management  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems  -  454 Environmental Engineering  -  444.1 Surface Water  -  442.2 Land Reclamation  -  407.2 Waterways  -  403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.043

Database:  Compendex

40.   Accession number:  20094512421223

Title:  Threshing principle of flexible pole-teeth roller for paddy rice

Authors:  Xie, Fangping1 ; Luo, Xiwen2 ; Lu, Xiangyang3 ; Sun, Songlin3 ; Ren, Shuguang1 ; Tang, Chuzhou1 

Author affiliation:  1  College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

2  College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

3  College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Corresponding author:  Luo, X. (xwluo@scau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  110-113

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  Because of the much bigger beaten force, the paddy seeds were often broken or even interiorly damaged, and its germination rate or integral rice rate was reduced by the method of traditional rigidity thresher. In order to reduce the damages of the paddy seeds, a flexible threshing roller in parallelism of principle with rigidity pole-teeth roller was designed. Based on the study and analysis of the beating threshing processing and its principle of reducing beating forces, according to the threshing dynamics analysis, it could increase the contacting time and reduce impacting force when the flexible threshing teeth was used at a stable-roller speed; the beating force of the flexible teeth was less than that of the rigidty pole-teeth. Contrastive studies on threshing by using rigidity pole-teeth and flexible pole-teeth were made. The conclusion indicated that it could be used for threshing paddy rice when its diameter was less than that of the rigidty pole-teeth, and the indexes of threshing such as the unthreshed rate, purity, threshed rate and fringle-broken rate were similar with those of the rigidity pole teeth, and broken rate of grain threshing was prominent less than that of the rigidity pole-teeth.

Number of references:  14

Main heading:  Dentistry

Controlled terms:  Agricultural machinery  -  Agriculture  -  Cylinders (shapes)  -  Poles  -  Rigidity  -  Rollers (machine components)

Uncontrolled terms:  Dynamics analysis  -  Flexible threshing  -  Germination rates  -  Paddy rice  -  Roller speed

Classification code:  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  601.2 Machine Components  -  951 Materials Science  -  462.3 Dental Equipment and Supplies  -  461.1 Biomedical Engineering  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.020

Database:  Compendex

41.   Accession number:  20094512421244

Title:  Kinetic analysis and pyrolysis characteristics of coconut shells at different heating rates

Authors:  Yang, Kunbin1, 2 ; Peng, Jinhui1, 2 ; Zhang, Libo1, 2 ; Guo, Shenghui1, 2 ; Xia, Hongying1, 2 

Author affiliation:  1  Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

2  Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Corresponding author:  Peng, J. (yangkunbin@yahoo.com.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  226-230

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of coconut shells were investigated via thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates (5, 20, 40°C/min), and the pyrolysis mechanism was explored. The distributed activation energy model (DAEM) was used to study the pyrolysis kinetics. The experimental results reveal that the pyrolysis process includes three stages: dehydration, rapid pyrolysis and slow weight-loss. When heating rate increases, the maximum rates of mass losses increase clearly and yield of chars decreases. N2 adsorption isotherms of chars prapared under different pyrolysis temperatures show that the higher pyrolysis temperature is, the more developed chars' microporosity is. When the weight loss rate attains between 0.1 and 0.8, the activation energies of samples are between 146-444 kJ/mol, whose curves are not monotonously increasing, but show "N" shape, The distribution function of activation energy reveals changes of the reaction properties of mass in different stages of pyrolysis, which helps to investigate the pyrolysis mechanism of coconut shells.

Number of references:  27

Main heading:  Thermogravimetric analysis

Controlled terms:  Activation energy  -  Adsorption  -  Adsorption isotherms  -  Atmospheric temperature  -  Distribution functions  -  Heating  -  Heating rate  -  Pore structure  -  Pyrolysis  -  Shells (structures)

Uncontrolled terms:  Coconut shells  -  Distributed activation energy model  -  Kinetic analysis  -  Mass loss  -  Pyrolysis kinetics  -  Pyrolysis mechanism  -  Pyrolysis process  -  Pyrolysis temperature  -  Rapid pyrolysis  -  Reaction property   -  Three stages  -  Weight loss  -  Weight loss rates

Classification code:  931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  922.1 Probability Theory  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions  -  801.4 Physical Chemistry  -  801 Chemistry  -  643.1 Space Heating  -  642.1 Process Heating  -  641.2 Heat Transfer  -  641.1 Thermodynamics  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes

DOI:  10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2009.08.041

Database:  Compendex

42.   Accession number:  20094512421257

Title:  Effect of high pressure processing on refrigerated shelf-life of sliced smoked cooked ham

Authors:  Han, Yanqing1 ; Zhang, Qiuqin1 ; Xu, Xinglian1 ; Zhou, Guanghong1 ; Xu, Baocai2 ; Liu, Junchang2 

Author affiliation:  1  Key Lab. of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China

2  Technology Development Department, Yurun Food Group Company Limited, Nanjing 210041, China

Corresponding author:  Xu, X. (xlxu@njau.edu.cn) 

Source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title:  Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume:  25

Issue:  8

Issue date:  August 2009

Publication year:  2009

Pages:  305-311

Language:  Chinese

ISSN:  10026819

CODEN:  NGOXEO

Document type:  Journal article (JA)

Publisher:  Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China

Abstract:  The objective of this study is to evaluate the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory properties of sliced vacuum-packaged smoked cooked ham after high pressure treatment and determine if high pressure processing (HPP) is a valid preservation method to reduce the growth of spoilage microorganisms without modification of its quality properties. Slices of cooked vacuum-packaged ham were submitted to high pressure treatments at 400 and 600 MPa for 10 min at 12°C and then stored at 4°C. Counts of aerobic mesophiles, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteria and psychrotrophs were determined 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 weeks after treatment, respectively. In addition, TBA, colour, Aw as well as sensory analysis were performed at the same time on the treated and non-treated (NT) slices. It was found that HPP caused a degree of microbiological inactivation, which increased with pressure level. The NT samples proved to be spoiled by lactic acid bacteria (around 106 cfu/g) after 2 weeks of refrigerated storage, while the shelf-life of those submitted to HPP of 400 and 600 MPa could prolonged to 8 and 10 weeks, respectively. High pressure treatment inactivated lactic acid bacteria at a rather low level (<104 cfu/g) for a long period, Enterobacteriaceae were detected below the detection limit during the whole storage period (102 cfu/g), and the initial competition abilities of Psychrotrophs and Enterobacteriaceae were lost after HPP. the pH values of the sliced cooked hams were significantly increased after HPP. The firmness of pressurized hams was decreased a little, no other changes were found in sensory parameters after HPP and during refrigerated storage. The application of HPP on meat products after final packaging is an efficient method for delaying the growth of spoilage microorganisms in sliced smoked cooked ham and extending the shelf life of the pasteurized cooked meat products.

Number of references:  33

Main heading:  Bacteria

Controlled terms:  Bacteriology  -  Body fluids  -  Chemical modification  -  Food preservation  -  Lactic acid  -  Meats  -  Organic acids  -  Pressure effects  -  Vacuum

Uncontrolled terms:  After-treatment  -  Competition ability  -  Cooked ham  -  Cooked meat  -  Detection limits  -  Effect of high pressure  -  Efficient method  -  Enterobacteria  -  Enterobacteriaceae  -  High pressure processing   -  High pressure treatments  -  Lactic acid bacteria  -  Low level  -  Meat products  -  Mesophiles  -  pH value  -  Physical/chemical properties  -  Physico-chemicals  -  Pressure level  -  Psychrotrophs   -  Quality properties  -  Refrigerated storages  -  Sensory analysis  -  Sensory properties  -  Shelf-life  -  Sliced cooked ham  -  Spoilage microorganisms  -  Storage periods  -  Ultra high pressure processing