<RECORD 1>
Accession number:20201608479773
Title:Comparison of biogas production and microbial species of corn straw in solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) and liquid anaerobic digestion (L-AD)
Title of translation:玉米秸秆固态和液态厌氧发酵产气性能与微生物种类比较研究
Authors:Jiang, Tao (1); Wei, Xiuli (1); Xiao, Lu (1); Liu, Ke (2); Zhang, Kai (2); Li, Ping (1); Wang, Bing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing; 401329, China; (2) Southern Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing; 401329, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Bing(565202729@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:227-235
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important method to dispose agricultural waste in the process of green agriculture development in China. It not only solve the problem of fuel shortages in rural areas, but also realize the harmless treatment and multi-level resource utilization of waste. Based on the total solids (TS) content of the feedstock, AD has been developed as liquid anaerobic digestion (TS<15%) and solid-state anaerobic digestion (TS≥15%) technologies. In this paper, the gas production performance and micro-ecological succession law of corn straw in liquid and solid biogas fermentation were compared. The result showed that: The peak period of SS-AD biogas production was about 4 days later than that of L-AD, and the CH<inf>4</inf> volume fraction of the SS-AD was lower than that of the L-AD in stable biogas production period. The biogas production rate of TS and methane conversion rate in SS-AD system were slightly lower than that of L-AD. After the fermentation, the contents of N, P and C in the SS-AD biogas slurry were lower than that of the L-AD. Acetic acid is the main component of VFAs in the two digestion systems, accounting for more than 70% of the total VFAs. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the bacteria in the two disgestion systems were mainly composed of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Cloacimonetes, Synergistetes and Verrucomicrobia, which accounted for more than 80% of the total number of clones. Bacteroidetes is the largest class of bacteria, and its relative abundance is stable throughout the digestive stage, but the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were decreased gradually after the start of fermentation, and eventually stabilized around 10%. The relative abundance of Cloacimonetes increases with digestion time, and the maximum value can reach 20.1% in SS-AD systems. The sum of the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Synergistetes increases with the anaerobic digestion process. Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum, Methanocorpusculum and Methanoculleus are the dominant archaea in the two fermentation systems. These four types of archaea accounted for 24.4%-39.6% of the total number of clones in SS-AD system and 27.9%-48.0% in L-AD system. With the progress of the digestion, the archaea community showed a trend of transition from acetic acid nutrition to hydrogen nutrition. After fermentation, the proportion of these two types of archaea in the community wasin balance. The results of cluster analysis on microbial diversity showed that the difference between the bacteria and archaea community structure of the two systems gradually became obvious after the 4th and 8th day of fermentation. Further analysis showed that the main environmental factor affecting the L-AD micro-ecological structure of corn straw is acetic acid, and the hydrolysis of straw cellulose may be the key process to limit the conversion rate of raw materials. Phosphorus is the most important environmental factor affecting the micro-ecological structure of SS-AD systems, and how to increase the biomass of methanogenic archaea is the key to raise the biogas production rate of raw materials. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for regulating the anaerobic digestion process of corn straw and improving its bio-degradation efficiency.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Agricultural robots - Agricultural wastes - Agriculture - Bacteria - Biogas - Cloning - Cluster analysis - Degradation - Fermentation - Liquids - Nutrition - pH - Volatile fatty acids
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic digestion process - Biogas production rates - Ecological structure - Ecological successions - Environmental factors - High-throughput sequencing - Resource utilizations - Solid-state anaerobic digestions
Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 461.8.1 Genetic Engineering - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.10e-02yr, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 2.01e+01%, Percentage 2.44e+01% to 3.96e+01%, Percentage 2.79e+01% to 4.80e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 2>
Accession number:20201608479814
Title:Numerical simulation and experimental verification of temperature and humidity in centralized ventilated delivery pigsty
Title of translation:集中通风式分娩母猪舍温湿度数值模拟与试验验证
Authors:Zeng, Zhixiong (1); Wei, Xinyu (1); Lü, Enli (1); Liu, Yanhua (2); Yi, Ziqi (1); Guo, Jiaming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Engineering Fundamental Teaching and Training Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author:Guo, Jiaming(jmguo@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:210-217
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:High requirements for the environment are needed for pigs in the delivery house. This paper aimed to study the distribution of temperature and humidity in a centralized ventilated delivery house by numerical simulation. Tetrahedral non-structural meshes were used for mesh division, and the RNG k-Ε turbulence model with high precision was used for steady-state simulation. The results showed that the maximum difference between the simulated temperature and the measured temperature was less than 4℃, and the relative error was 0.44% to 17.04%, while the average relative error was 6.5%. The maximum difference between simulated humidity and measured humidity is less than 10%, and the relative error was 0 to 13.9%, while the average relative error was 7.3%. The simulated value of temperature was smaller compared with the measured value, while the simulated value of relative humidity was larger than the tested value. It could be seen from the Z cross-section that in the horizontal position of each section, the temperature gradually increased with the increase of height, and the median line of the aisle was taken as the axis of symmetry. The temperature distribution of each longitudinal section presented an obvious symmetry, indicating that the temperature distribution in the dormitory was consistent on both sides of the aisle. The relative humidity of each section decreases gradually with the increase of height. The relative humidity of the air inlet area at the bottom was above 90%. The closer it was to the middle passage, the relative humidity tends to decrease, but the decrease was not obvious. The relative humidity in the passage was above 80%. The wind speed of the longitudinal section in the shed could meet the requirements of the national standards. Even in the position of the inlet with high wind speed, the wind speed was maintained below 0.4 m/s. According to the airflow distribution of the horizontal section and the longitudinal section, there was no airflow dead zone below the height of the pigs in the shed. At the same time, the closer the pig was to the fan, the greater the longitudinal airflow, but the speed of the airflow was below the national standard. In the plane (X cross-section) on both sides of the aisle, the temperature had an obvious distribution gradient in the horizontal height, while in the plane of the aisle, the temperature was evenly distributed in the horizontal height, mainly maintained at 23-24℃, and the air outlet temperature was about 24℃. Contrary to the temperature distribution law in the X cross-section, the relative humidity in each section gradually decreased with the increase of height, and the distribution range was mainly between 80% and 100%. From the cross-sections on both sides of the corridor, it could be found that there was a small jet beside the pigs, and the jet direction pointed to the fan bearing, indicating that the effect of negative pressure ventilation was significant, which played a strong drag role on the airflow direction in the shed. On the far side of the fan, the influence range of negative pressure exhaust was greater than that on the near side of the fan. Simulated values had a great agreement with experimental values. The study revealed the temperature and humidity distribution of the delivery house and provided a better reference for the optimization of the temperature and humidity distribution of the delivery house.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Wind
Controlled terms:Errors - Houses - Mammals - Numerical models - Temperature distribution - Turbulence models - Ventilation
Uncontrolled terms:Airflow distribution - Average relative error - Distribution of temperature - Longitudinal section - Measured temperatures - Simulation and experimental verifications - Steady-state simulations - Temperature and humidities
Classification code:402.3 Residences - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 643.5 Ventilation - 921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 0.00e+00% to 1.39e+01%, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 4.40e-01% to 1.70e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+00%, Percentage 7.30e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+01% to 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Velocity 4.00e-01m/s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 3>
Accession number:20201608479728
Title:Optimization of pumping station group operation based on optimized parameters using hybrid wolf pack algorithm
Title of translation:基于混合狼群算法参数优选的泵站群运行优化
Authors:Feng, Xiaoli (1); Wang, Yongxing (1); Qiu, Baoyun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225127, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:30-36
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:For solving the optimization operation model of parallel pumping stations, wolf pack algorithm (WPA) has some problems such as poor convergence and robustness. In order to improve these problems, taking a typical parallel pumping station group as an example, aiming at the lowest energy consumption of the main unit of the pumping station system, and considering the constraints of flow rate, blade angle and number of running units, a mathematical model for optimal operation of parallel pumping stations was established in this paper. Simulated annealing algorithm (SA) was introduced into WPA, named as hybrid wolf pack algorithm (HWPA), which was proposed to solve the established optimization model. Minimum value, average value and standard deviation of energy consumption were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and WPA, the minimum value of energy consumption based on HWPA was decreased by 15.60 kW and 10.23 kW on average of energy consumption, the average value of energy consumption was decreased by 36.94 kW and 14.30 kW on average respectively, and the standard deviation was decreased by an average of 84.82% and 72.90% respectively. On the basis of the HWPA, four parameters of walking step, running step, minimum and maximum of siege step in the algorithm were analyzed by single factor simulation. At the same time, the min-max standardization method was used to standardize the minimum value, average value and standard deviation of energy consumption. The standardized value was further weighted to get the comprehensive evaluation index(E) of the algorithm evaluation. Then, according to the trend of E, the reasonable range of the above four parameters was determined. According to the results of single factor analysis, the four parameters mentioned above were selected as independent variables, and latin hypercube sampling was used to design simulation. Considering the minimum value, average value and standard deviation of energy consumption, the optimal combination of parameters was determined to be 0.33, 1.53, 0.672 and 4.8×10<sup>5</sup>, and then the improved hybrid wolf swarm algorithm (IHWPA) was proposed. Compared with HWPA, the minimum and average value of energy consumption based on IHWPA were reduced by 4.66 and 13.26 kW on average, and the standard deviation was reduced by an average of 94.02%. IHWPA was used to determine six optimization schemes of typical parallel pump stations under different operation conditions. The results showed that the global convergence and calculation robustness of the algorithm were improved by introducing SA algorithm and optimizing the parameters of WPA. The optimal scheme reduces the energy consumption by 9.80% on average compared with the actual operation scheme, and the energy saving effect was significant. When the total pumping flow rate was small, the optimization effect of the optimization scheme was more significant, conversely, the difference between the two schemes became smaller, but the energy consumption of the optimization scheme was still lower than that of the actual scheme. It can be concluded that IHWPA is suitable for solving optimal models for this kind of pumping stations, which can provide a reasonable and effective operation scheme for pumping station engineering and reduce the operation energy consumption.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Parameter estimation
Controlled terms:Energy conservation - Energy utilization - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Pumping plants - Pumps - Simulated annealing - Statistics
Uncontrolled terms:Algorithm evaluation - Comprehensive evaluation index - Energy-saving effect - Independent variables - Latin hypercube sampling - Optimization modeling - Optimization operation - Simulated annealing algorithms
Classification code:446 Waterworks - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 618.2 Pumps - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.29e+01%, Percentage 8.48e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+00%, Power 1.02e+04W, Power 1.33e+04W, Power 1.43e+04W, Power 1.56e+04W, Power 3.69e+04W, Power 4.66e+03W
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 4>
Accession number:20201608479808
Title:Vegetation information recognition in visible band based on UAV images
Title of translation:基于无人机影像的可见光波段植被信息识别
Authors:Gao, Yonggang (1, 2, 3); Lin, Yuehuan (1); Wen, Xiaole (1); Jian, Wenbin (1, 2); Gong, Yingshuang (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350116, China; (2) Fujian Provincial Universities Engineering Research Center of Geological Engineering, Fuzhou; 350116, China; (3) The Academy of Digital China, Fuzhou; Fujian; 350108, China
Corresponding author:Wen, Xiaole(wenxl@fzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:178-189
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Nowadays, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) remote sensing has been widely used in various research fields, due to its incomparable advantages over traditional satellite remote sensing, such as lower cost, fast image access, and high spatial resolution, and so on. But most of the vegetation indices are constructed based on visible bands and near-infrared bands of satellite remote sensing images, and few of them are constructed only based on visible-light bands. Thus, it is necessary to construct a universal vegetation index that is suitable for the visible-light bands of UAV images. According to the analysis of the spectral characteristics of 6 kinds of typical features based on regions of interest in visible-light images from UAV images, this paper proposed a new vegetation index based on red, green and blue bands, named Excess green-red-blue difference index (EGRBDI). The formula of EGRBDI was that the sum value between the square of 2 times green band and the product of red and blue bands divided the difference value of them. The value range of EGRBDI was the interval [-1, 1]. To determine the accuracy and reliability of EGRBDI, 18 kinds of vegetation indices had been studied in this paper, such as CIVE GLI, ExG, and so on. The overlap between different object types was obtained by calculating the mean value and 1-fold standard deviation of vegetation indices. The results showed that EGRBDI, GLI, ExG, g, CIVE, RGBVI, and V-MSAVI had no overlap between vegetation and non-vegetation information, while other vegetation indices appeared the different degree of overlap. Moreover, EGRBDI effectively enlarged the identification range of vegetation information and reduced the identification range of non-vegetation information. When the grey histogram of vegetation index existed distinct bimodal peaks, the corresponding discrimination performance of ground features was relatively strong. Therefore, the quantized interval of gray histograms should be normalized to the interval [0, 255] for the comparative analysis between the indices. Results of the analysis concluded that EGRBDI, GLI, ExG, g, CIVE, RGBVI, and V-MSAVI had distinct bimodal-peak characteristics and scarcely appeared thorn peaks in the histogram, but the others had either no obvious bimodal peaks or obvious thorn peaks. To determine the thresholds of vegetation information identification, the bimodal histogram method and the maximum entropy method were used to determine the threshold of each vegetation index and got the optimal threshold of each vegetation index by the precision comparison method. The accuracy evaluation results revealed that GBRI and ExB obtained higher classification accuracy by the maximum entropy method than the bimodal histogram method. WI and VEG had the same accuracy between the two methods, and the other 15 indices did better on the bimodal histogram method. Therefore, the maximum entropy method was used to determine the thresholds of GBRI and ExB, while the other indices used the bimodal histogram method to determine their thresholds in this paper. Through the comparative analysis of the experimental results, it could be found that EGRBDI was generally better than the other 18 algorithms and had a great advantage in the case of the low vegetation coverage, which had a total accuracy of 97.67% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.9415. Another 3 UAV images had been used to extract vegetation information of top 5 higher precision indices to further verify the suitability in the area of various ground subjects and used 400 random points to evaluate the vegetation extraction accuracy. The accuracy of the vegetation and non-vegetation information was not less than 90%. The total accuracy in the 3 study areas was higher than 93%. Additionally, the Kappa coefficient was greater than 0.85. The results showed that EGRBDI had been less affected by ground subjects and shadows, and it had better applicability, reliability, and accuracy of vegetation extraction.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Maximum entropy methods
Controlled terms:Antennas - Extraction - Graphic methods - Infrared devices - Light - Remote sensing - Space optics - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Classification accuracy - High spatial resolution - Information identifications - Information recognition - Satellite remote sensing - Spectral characteristics - UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) - Vegetation extractions
Classification code:652.1 Aircraft, General - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.3 Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Percentage 9.77e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 5>
Accession number:20201608479794
Title:Response of soil hydraulic property to sodium salt solution concentration in subtropical zone
Title of translation:亚热带土壤导水特征对钠盐溶液浓度的响应
Authors:Hu, Chuanwang (1); Wang, Hui (1); Lu, Jiayu (1); Tan, Shuai (1); Wu, Yun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Hui(wanghuisb@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:86-91
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The effect of high concentration sodium salt solution infiltration in reclaimed water on soil hydraulic characteristics is one of the key problems of soil ecological environment degradation caused by long-term low-quality water irrigation. In this paper, the hydrodynamic parameters of 5 kinds of subtropical soil, such as clay fluvo aquic soil, sandy fluvo aquic soil, red soil, paddy soil and purple soil, were measured by constant head penetration method and one-dimensional horizontal soil column imbibition method. The influence of sodium salt solution concentration on the hydraulic properties of soil was investigated, and the mechanism of the physical and chemical properties of soil affecting the hydraulic conductivity was analyzed. The results showed sodium slat solution infiltration could enhance soil wet front migration rate of clay fluvo aquic soil, sandy fluvo aquic soil and paddy soil maximally by 33.0%, 32.5% and 93.5%, lower that of red soil maximally by 34.8%. The soil clay content, exchangeable iron and aluminum content mainly inhibited soil water movement, while silt content, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content promoted soil water movement. Sodium salt accelerated water movement in clay fluvo aquic soil, sandy fluvo aquic soil and paddy soil. Relative soil water diffusivity increased by 22.0%, 37.3% and 39.7% respectively. Sodium salt inhibited the water diffusion of red soil and purple soil. The higher salt concentration could result in the smaller relative soil water diffusivity. At 15 g/L salt concentration, the soil water diffusivity decreased by 30.5% for red soil and 42.1% for purple soil, respectively. Relative soil water diffusivity of clay fluvo aquic soil, sandy fluvo aquic soil, red soil and purple soil fluctuated with the increase of soil water content, while the relative soil water diffusivity of paddy soil decreased with the increase of soil water content. Relative soil water diffusivity of paddy soils showed a good parabolic relationship with salt concentration (R<sup>2</sup>=0.987), while red soils and purple soils showed a good linear relationship with salt concentration (R<sup>2</sup>>0.933). The saturated hydraulic conductivity of clay fluvo aquic soil treated with sodium salt solution increased most obviously, with a maximum increase of 77.3%, followed by paddy soil, with a maximum increase of 25.1%. With the increase of salt solution concentration, the relative saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil decreased first and then increased. In the range of 1-10 g/L salt concentration, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil had a good parabolic relationship with the sodium salt concentration (R<sup>2</sup> was not less than 0.807), and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil was the smallest when the concentration of each extreme point of soil was about 5 g/L. Therefore, the salt concentration of reclaimed water should be moderately controlled to a level lower than the extreme point concentration.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Soil quality
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Diffusion in liquids - Hydraulic conductivity - Infiltration - Salts - Sodium - Soil moisture - Tropics
Uncontrolled terms:Calcium and magnesiums - Ecological environments - Hydrodynamic parameters - Physical and chemical properties - Saturated hydraulic conductivity - Sodium salt concentration - Soil hydraulic properties - Solution infiltration
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 632.1 Hydraulics
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e+00kg/m3 to 1.00e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e+00kg/m3, Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 2.51e+01%, Percentage 3.05e+01%, Percentage 3.25e+01%, Percentage 3.30e+01%, Percentage 3.48e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+01%, Percentage 3.97e+01%, Percentage 4.21e+01%, Percentage 7.73e+01%, Percentage 9.35e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 6>
Accession number:20201608479799
Title:Establishment of swirling-flow fishway and analysis of its hydraulic characteristics
Title of translation:旋流式鱼道的构建与水力特性分析
Authors:Qie, Zhihong (1); Liu, Hui (1); Wu, Xinmiao (1); Ran, Yanli (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Urban and Rural Construction, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; 071001, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:119-125
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The structure and flow pattern of traditional fishway are relatively simple, which is usually suitable for specific fish to pass through. However, there are many types of fish to be protected in rivers. Near natural fishway simulates natural form of fish and is expected to improve fish passing efficiency. Therefore, in order to enhance the meandering and naturalness of fish passing facilities, a swirling fishway structure with curved sidewall and diversion bank was proposed in this paper. The side wall of the swirl fishway adopted circular curve, and the contraction area between the chambers was smoothly connected by the reverse circular arc, which made the water flow close to the natural sinuous channel. The swirling fishway was obtained by improving Taiji fishway. Compared to Taiji fishway, it omitted the Taiji disc and was cheaper. At the same time, the water flow in the pond could be rapid and slow, or deep and shallow, highlighting the effect of Yin and Yang and enriching the flow pattern. Through the combination of numerical simulation and physical model test, the hydraulic characteristics of swirling fishway under different working conditions were explored. First of all, through physical model test, the water depth along the wall and the flow pattern distribution of the two sides of the fishway under different working conditions were obtained, and the effect of fish passing was observed. The accuracy and rationality of the numerical calculation were verified by comparing the water depth data obtained from the physical model test and the numerical calculation results. The CFD numerical calculation method was applied to simulate distribution of surface velocity field and internal velocity field that were difficult to be measured by physical model. The free surface flow velocity, the velocity near the bottom slope and the velocity distribution in key cross section of the swirl fishway were further analyzed. According to the design guidelines of fishway, the basic points of hydraulic design and the gravity similarity criteria, the physical test model was established. After the establishment of the physical model, the water flow test under different conditions was carried out, and the water depth of the measuring point was measured by the water level probe. The results showed that the swirling flow in the fishway was zigzag and the flow pattern was rich. The maximum relative error of simulated and measured water depth was 14.2%, less than the allowable value of 15%. The variation trend of the measured and numerical water depth along the wall was approximately the same. It indicated that the simulated method was reliable. The velocity in the main flow area of the fish passage was not higher than 0.84 m/s, meeting the requirements of fish passage. The fish passage object could be traced smoothly in the fish passage. The slow flow or return area on both sides of the main flow could be used for fish rest, which showed the rationality of the fish passage shape. The depth of the shallowest water increased from 1 cm without diversion sill to 2.4 cm with diversion sill. After scarification, although the upper water flow could still overflow the diversion scarp and enter the pool chamber, the shallowest water depth on the left side of the pool chamber was about 0.5 cm higher than that on the right side, and the water depth growth was smaller. The fishway proposed in this paper enriches the form of fishway and can guide design and construction of similar fishways.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Fishways
Controlled terms:Buoyancy - Computational fluid dynamics - Fish - Fisheries - Flow of water - Flow patterns - Flow velocity - Hydraulics - Numerical methods - Numerical models - Structural design - Swirling flow - Testing - Velocity - Velocity distribution - Water levels
Uncontrolled terms:Design and construction - Free-surface flow - Hydraulic characteristic - Maximum relative errors - Numerical calculation - Numerical calculation methods - Physical model test - Similarity criteria
Classification code:408.1 Structural Design, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 632.1 Hydraulics - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.42e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 2.40e-02m, Size 5.00e-03m, Velocity 8.40e-01m/s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 7>
Accession number:20201608479844
Title:Failure and fatigue analysis of floating structure of offshore cage
Title of translation:深水网箱浮架结构的失效及疲劳性能分析
Authors:Liu, Haiyang (1, 2); Hu, Yu (1, 2); Huang, Xiaohua (1, 2); Yuan, Taiping (1, 2); Wang, Shaomin (1, 2); Chen, Mingqiang (1, 2); Guo, Genxi (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Guangdong Cage Engineering Research Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou; 510300, China; (2) Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya; 572018, China
Corresponding author:Huang, Xiaohua(huangx-hua@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:46-54
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In order to reduce the structural failure risk of extremely high sea conditions with the strong typhoon impacts, to analyze the yielded phenomenon under excessive wave and mooring loads, and to further study the fatigue problem on the key components of the floating collar caused by long-term bearing of the wave alternating loads, In this paper, the processing method of the floating collar sample is developed, and the performance parameters of the floating collar pipe are measured, and the equivalent load finite element simulation, full scene finite element simulation and mechanical test are carried out, and the failure and fatigue of the floating collar are analyzed by combining the finite element structure simulation in this research. The results show that the fatigue S-N curve of floating collar can be described by S=-1.022ln(N)+22.201, the working stress should be not more than 3.38 MPa if the fatigue life is not less than 10<sup>8</sup> stress cycles. The mechanical properties of welding joints are lower than that of the respective raw pipe. The minimum tested fatigue life of the dumbbell-shaped specimen is 1.436×10<sup>5</sup> stress cycles under the load of amplitude 0-1 kN and frequency 10 Hz, while the FEM simulation fatigue life of dumbbell type is 1.505×10<sup>5</sup> stress cycles. When bending load stress (0-13.465 MPa) is greater than tensile load stress (0-13.129 MPa), whereas bending load life (1×10<sup>6</sup>) is greater than tensile load life (1.884×10<sup>5</sup>), the high-cycle fatigue damage of float under tensile load is larger than that of bending load. The flexural modulus is 513.71 MPa, elastic modulus is 692.69 MPa, the tortuosity is 93.47%, the elongation at break is 340.18%, indicating that, compared to the tensile load, the low-cycle fatigue damage and static damage of bending load is larger. That is, both the tensile and bending loads should be considered at the same time to evaluate the failure of floating collar. During the elastic deformation to plastic deformation, the tensile strength is 22.12 MPa and bending strength is 30.58 MPa, which should be function as the evaluative criterion. During the plastic deformation to failure state, the HDPE pipe will not be destroyed immediately after it reaches yield, the plastic zone will continue to expand to the outer surface and the structural fracture will occur when the elongation at break exceeds 340.18%. The nonlinear behavior of the FEM model of floating collar is mainly caused by geometrical changes in some key areas, and the minimum values of life span and safety factor of hexagon-triangle cage float are mainly in the connection area of the inner hexagon to the outer triangle far away from the mooring point. As the uniform load is 40 kN, the equivalent stress of single point mooring (SPM) and 8 points mooring of C60 floating collart are 38.57 and 3.62 MPa, respectively. More specifically, the stress of 8 points mooring is less than the 1/10 of single point mooring, which shows that increasing the mooring points can effectively improve the safety performance of floating collar. The maximum stress of C60 type floating collar under the condition of SPM and 40 kN uniform load is 38.57 MPa, which is greater than 24.08 MPa of hexagon-triangle type floating collar, under this condition, the minimum number of fatigue stress cycles of hexagon-triangle type floating collar is 734, and its mechanical properties are better than that of circular floating collar structure. The key points of the stress concentration are mainly at the floating collar's welding points, mooring points and at the edge areas of the braces. Increasing the number of mooring points and braces and reducing the standard size ratio(SDR) of main pipes' connection areas can improve the ultimate bearing capacity and fatigue reliability of floating collar for the long-term wave and mooring conditions. The results can provide the principle guidelines for the structural optimization design of floating collar under the long-term or extreme environment.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Failure (mechanical)
Controlled terms:Bearings (machine parts) - Bending (deformation) - Bending strength - Fatigue damage - Finite element method - Fracture mechanics - Offshore oil well production - Plastic deformation - Plastic pipe - Risk assessment - Safety factor - Single point mooring - Structural design - Structural optimization - Tensile strength - Tensile stress - Welding
Uncontrolled terms:Fatigue stress cycles - Finite element simulations - High cycle fatigue damages - Performance parameters - Structural fracture - Structural optimization design - Structure simulations - Ultimate bearing capacity
Classification code:408.1 Structural Design, General - 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations - 538.2 Welding - 601.2 Machine Components - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 674 Small Craft and Other Marine Craft - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931.1 Mechanics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Force 0.00e+00N to 1.00e+03N, Force 4.00e+04N, Frequency 1.00e+01Hz, Percentage 3.40e+02%, Percentage 9.35e+01%, Pressure 0.00e+00Pa to 1.31e+07Pa, Pressure 0.00e+00Pa to 1.35e+07Pa, Pressure 2.21e+07Pa, Pressure 2.41e+07Pa, Pressure 3.06e+07Pa, Pressure 3.38e+06Pa, Pressure 3.62e+06Pa, Pressure 3.86e+07Pa, Pressure 5.14e+08Pa, Pressure 6.93e+08Pa
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 8>
Accession number:20201608479787
Title:Effects of elevated CO<inf>2</inf> concentration on transpiration and root-water-uptake of wheat
Title of translation:大气CO<inf>2</inf>浓度升高对小麦蒸腾耗水与根系吸水的影响
Authors:Fan, Jinjie (1); Yu, Yangliu (1); Zuo, Qiang (1); Fan, Yuchuan (1); Wu, Xun (1); Shi, Jianchu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China
Corresponding author:Shi, Jianchu(shijianchu@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:92-98
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Since global atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentration is increasing and the gap between water supply and demand is becoming more and more prominent, it is very important to explore the effects of elevated CO<inf>2</inf> concentration on water absorption and utilization of crops for meeting climate change. In this study, the effects of elevated CO<inf>2</inf> concentration on transpiration and root-water-uptake of wheat were investigated by setting an indoor hydroponic experiment, where wheat seedlings were cultured in half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution and under three CO<inf>2</inf> concentrations ((400±50), (625±50), (850±50) µmol/mol). During the experimental period, the dynamics of leaf stomata conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, leaf area, biomass, root length was monitored every 8 days, and plant transpiration was measured daily by weighing the culture pots. Based on the measured data, plant growth, water uptake and consumption, water use efficiency and the capacity of root water uptake were evaluated under each CO<inf>2</inf> concentration condition. The experiment results indicate that, with increasing CO<inf>2</inf> concentration (from 400 to 625, 850 µmol/mol), leaf stomata are partially closed, transpiration rates at both leaf and canopy scales are significantly limited during a short period (about 3 days), and photosynthesis rate is significantly enhanced, resulting in a significant increase in water use efficiency (P<0.05). Compared to the CO<inf>2</inf> concentration of 400 μmol/mol, the plant transpiration averaged during this short period reduced by 14% and 24% under the CO<inf>2</inf> concentration treatment of 625 and 850 μmol/mol, respectively. With the prolonging of time under elevated CO<inf>2</inf> condition, the effects on leaf stomata conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis are weakened, namely CO<inf>2</inf> acclimation, but wheat growth is still significantly promoted. During this period, the positive effect of increased leaf area is almost offset by the reverse effect of stomatal closure, and thus plant transpiration was not impacted significantly, resulting in higher water use efficiency. Compared to the CO<inf>2</inf> concentration of 400 μmol/mol, plant transpiration averaged during this long period decreased by only 3% and 4%, while plant water use efficiency increased by 59% and 89% under 625 and 850 μmol/mol, respectively. Under the situation of elevated CO<inf>2</inf> concentration, the limitation of transpiration and the promotion of root growth lead to a significant decrease in root-water-uptake function evaluated on root length (the potential water uptake coefficient per unit root length). Compared to the CO<inf>2</inf> concentration of 400 μmol/mol, the potential water uptake coefficient per unit root length decreased by average 13% and 31% under 625 and 850 μmol/mol, respectively. Under all the CO<inf>2</inf> conditions, the change trends of the potential water absorption coefficient per unit root length and the nitrogen content per unit root length are very similar, and a linear function between them is found. The results supply evidences to improve root-water-uptake and crop growth models and further understand soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC), then, to help us to deal with climate change and improve water use efficiency.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Water absorption
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Climate change - Climate models - Crops - Economics - Efficiency - Photosynthesis - Plant shutdowns - Plants (botany) - Transpiration - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Hydroponic experiments - Photosynthesis rate - Plant transpiration - Stomata conductances - Transpiration rates - Water absorption coefficient - Water supply and demands - Water use efficiency
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 461.9 Biology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921 Mathematics - 971 Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.19e-02yr, Age 8.22e-03yr, Percentage 1.30e+01%, Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 3.10e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+00%, Percentage 5.90e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 9>
Accession number:20201608479840
Title:Early growing stage crop species identification in southern China based on sentinel-1A time series imagery and one-dimensional CNN
Title of translation:基于Sentinel-1A影像和一维CNN的中国南方生长季早期作物种类识别
Authors:Zhao, Hongwei (1, 2); Chen, Zhongxin (1, 2, 3); Jiang, Hao (4, 5, 6); Liu, Jia (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Information Technology Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome; 00153, Italy; (4) Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangzhou; 510070, China; (5) Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou; 510070, China; (6) Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangzhou; 510070, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Zhongxin(chenzhongxin@caas.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:169-177
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Timely and accurate estimation of the area and distribution of crops is vital for food security. In previous research, the main challenges of early crop identification in southern China were: 1) cloudy days are frequent; 2) most parcels are small and crop types are variant; 3) high spatial and temporal resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is lack. The European Space Agency Sentinel-1A (S1A) satellite, which recently became operational, is a satellite system providing global coverage of SAR with 12-days revisit period at high spatial resolution at 10 m. This provides a new opportunity for early crop identification in southern China. Compared with classical machine learning methods, deep learning has many advantages, such as end-to-end training, mobility, it provides a new chance for using high spatio-temporal data efficiently. One-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) have been shown to be effective deep learning methods for extracting temporal features for classification tasks. However, the parameters (but not hyper-parameters) of RNN are determined by the length of the time series. Compared with RNN, 1D CNN has the advantages of simple structure and few parameters, but very few studies have applied 1D CNN to time series data for early stage crop's identification at present. In this study, we proposed to combine 1D CNN hyper-parameters training with an incremental time series training method to attain a classification model for each time point in the growth season. Firstly, we trained the 1D CNN hyper-parameters using the full time series data during the growth season, and refer to the 1D CNN with hyper-parameters as a classifier. Then, starting at the first time point, the incremental training process was carried out, at the acquisition time point of each S1A image, input all data in the growing season before (including) the point to train other parameters of the classifier at that point, and then obtained a classification model with all parameter values (including the previous hyper-parameters) at each time point. Finally, test accuracies of each time point were assessed for each crop type to determine the optimal time series length. A case study was conducted in Zhanjiang City, China. To verify the effectiveness of this method, a comparative experiment with the classical random forest (RF) method was carried out. In order to evaluate different polarizations mode (VV, VH, VH+VV) of S1A data for crop classification in the study area, we performed the above training process for each polarization time series data. The results were as follows: 1) the classification accuracies of VH+VV, VH, and VV decrease in order, based on the VH+VV backscatter coefficient time series, the maximum Kappa coefficient values of 1D CNN and RF model were 0.924 and 0.916 respectively, illustrating that S1A time series data was valid for crop classification task in the study area; 2) in the early growing season of 2017 of the study area, F-measures of 1D CNN and RF model were above 0.85, which indicated that 1D CNN in this work was effective for early crop classification. All results indicated that the proposed training method of 1D CNN was valid for early stage crop's classification. At the same time, 33 optical images of sentinel-2 in the study area of 2017 growth season were downloaded, of which only 6 were not hindered by clouds. Therefore, S1A SAR with 12 days revisit period can not only obtain data under any weather conditions, but also track crop growth accurately. This method provides a new perspective for the application of deep learning in early stage crop's classification tasks. In addition, all parameters of 1D CNN can be trained by using time series data from different years. Although the performances of 1D CNN almost similar to those of the RF, deep learning models have advantages that other methods do not have. Therefore, we believe that deep learning methods will play an important role in early crop identification in the near future.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:45
Main heading:Classification (of information)
Controlled terms:Binary alloys - Convolutional neural networks - Crops - Decision trees - Food supply - Geometrical optics - Learning systems - Polarization - Radar imaging - Recurrent neural networks - Space flight - Space-based radar - Synthetic aperture radar - Time series
Uncontrolled terms:Backscatter coefficients - Classification accuracy - Comparative experiments - High spatial resolution - Machine learning methods - Recurrent neural network (RNN) - Spatial and temporal resolutions - Species identification
Classification code:656.1 Space Flight - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.3 Food Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 961 Systems Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.29e-02yr, Size 1.00e+01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 10>
Accession number:20201608479810
Title:Coupling model for moisture and nitrogen transport on unsaturated slope and its application
Title of translation:非饱和坡面水分与氮素迁移耦合模型与应用
Authors:Zhu, Yan (1, 2); Liu, Kun (3); Liu, Zhao (1); Mao, Wei (2); Yang, Jinzhong (2); Wu, Jingwei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang; 330029, China; (2) The State Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China; (3) Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute, Wuhan; 430064, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Zhao(zhaoliu1989@foxmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:126-134
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The major methods to describe the nitrogen loss caused by slope runoff were based on the analytical method, which failed to describe the difference in moisture and nitrogen transport processes at different points of the slope. Moreover, the previous researchers kept the focus on the nitrogen loss by the slope runoff and focused less on the nitrogen along with the infiltration. To overcome the disadvantages, a slope scale numerical model was developed to describe the slope rainfall-runoff-infiltration processes and the nitrogen transport processes in this study. For the water movement module, the one-dimensional kinematic wave equation described the slope runoff process, while the Green-Ampt equation described the infiltration process. The Preissmann weighted implicit four-point scheme solved the water movement governing equations numerically. For the solute transport module, the study region was divided into a series of sub-regions and the mass balance equations developed for each sub-region based on the mixing layer theory. Both the mass balance equations for NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N was formed and the nitration process, denitrification process, loss caused by slope runoff and infiltration was considered for NH+ 4-N, while only the nitration process, loss caused by slope runoff and infiltration was considered for NO- 3-N. Two published experiments were used to evaluate the performance of the developed model. The results demonstrated that the developed model had a satisfactory calculation accuracy and kept an excellent mass balance budget. Moreover, two indoor soil tank modeling experiments with the unsaturated initial conditions were carried out. The two indoor soil tanks had different slope angles, one was 8.85° and the other was 7.55°. Both the experimental results and the numerical calculation results analyzed the water movement and the nitrogen transport processes. The RMSE value and ARE value of the slope runoff for the first soil tank were 5.3×10<sup>-7</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s and 11.6%, while the RMSE value and ARE value of the slope runoff for the second soil tank were 8.6×10<sup>-7</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s and 15.0%. The mass balance error of the water balance module for the first soil tank and the second soil tank were 1.87×10<sup>-2</sup> % and 7.22×10<sup>-3</sup> %, respectively. The results indicated that the satisfactory performance of the water movement module. The RMSE value and ARE value of the concentration of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N in runoff for the first soil tank were 0.016 mg/L and 5.5%, and 1.41 mg/L and 31.9%, while the RMSE value and ARE value of the concentration of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N in runoff for the second soil tank were 0.010 mg/L and 3.5%, and 0.23 mg/L and 10.6%. The mass balance error of the NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N for the first soil tank were 4.99×10<sup>-4</sup> % and 4.53×10<sup>-4</sup>%, while the mass balance error of the NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N for the second soil tank were 4.55×10<sup>-4</sup> % and 1.25×10<sup>-3</sup>%. The results indicated that the nitrogen transport module also had satisfactory performance. Besides, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity had a great influence on the infiltration quantity. Moreover, the NH+ 4-N had a strong adsorption capacity, which led to an increase of the concentration of NH+ 4-N in the mixing layer, while the NO- 3-N had a weak adsorption capacity and the concentration of NO- 3-N in the mixing layer decreased obviously under the effect of runoff and infiltration processes.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Infiltration
Controlled terms:Budget control - Errors - Mixing - Moisture - Nitration - Nitrogen - Runoff - Soils - Solute transport - Tanks (containers)
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capacities - Calculation accuracy - Denitrification process - Green-Ampt equations - Kinematic wave equation - Mass balance equations - Numerical calculation - Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity
Classification code:442.1 Flood Control - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 619.2 Tanks - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.00e-05kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.41e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.60e-05kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.30e-04kg/m3, Percentage 1.06e+01%, Percentage 1.16e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 3.19e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+00%, Percentage 5.50e+00%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 11>
Accession number:20201608479792
Title:Pressure drop characteristics of irregular hexagonal channel diesel particulate filter
Title of translation:柴油机颗粒捕集器不规则六边形孔道结构压降特性研究
Authors:Li, Xiaohua (1); Cheng, Jingfeng (1); Yue, Guangzhao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:63-70
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Diesel engines are widely used because of their high thermal efficiency and reasonable fuel economy. However, excessive particulate emissions (PM) of diesel engines have caused huge pollution to the environment. The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is the most efficient post-treatment device for reducing PM emissions. However, during the use of DPF, the increased soot loading or increased ash deposition after frequent regeneration might cause problems such as excessive exhaust back pressure. Therefore, reducing the DPF pressure drop and increasing the soot loading capacity under high ash ratio is important. In order to improve the DPF overall pressure drop characteristics and increase the soot loading capacity, this study proposed an irregular hexagonal channel diesel particulate filter (DPF) and established the mathematical model of DPF pressure drop. And the 3D computational models of irregular hexagonal channel DPF and quadrilateral channel DPF were built by AVL-Fire software. First, the DPF pressure-drop characteristic simulation test and bench test were carried out under different working conditions. The accuracy and effectiveness of the model were verified by comparing the experimental data. The diesel engine used in this study was a six-cylinder, turbocharged intercooled diesel engine equipped with a cordierite diesel particulate filter. The DPF used in the test had an outer diameter of 260 mm, a length of 270 mm, cells per single inch of 200, and a volume of 14.3 L. Then, different numerically analyzed tests were carried out to study the influence of exhaust flow rate, exhaust gas temperature, soot loading, and ash deposition on the pressure drop. At the same time, the results of the irregular hexagonal channel DPF were compared to those of quadrilateral channel DPF. The results showed that under different exhaust flow rate, the relative error between the simulated value and the experimental value was between 2.54% and 5.69%. The difference between the simulated value and the experimental value was small, and the change trend was consistent. The pressure drop of both channel structures increased with the increase of exhaust flow rate and exhaust gas temperature. Under the same exhaust flow rate and exhaust gas temperature conditions the irregular hexagonal channel DPF had lower pressure-drop value and smaller pressure drop rise rate, and the overall pressure-drop characteristics were better than the quadrilateral channel DPF. The irregular hexagonal channel structure DPF had a steeper soot filtration efficiency curve than quadrilateral channel during soot loading. The time taken for the soot filtration efficiency to reach 90% was shorter than that of the quadrilateral channel DPF. Different soot loading modes affected the DPF pressure-drop characteristics. The pressure drop of decreasing distribution was the highest, and the pressure drop of the incremental distribution was the lowest, the pressure drop of the uniform distribution was between the above two. Besides the irregular hexagonal channel DPF had a lower pressure drop in different distribution modes, which means it has a better soot loading mode adaptability. The ash deposited on inlet channel walls had a great influence on the pressure drop, and that deposited on the channel ends had less influence on the pressure drop. The irregular hexagonal channel DPF had a lower pressure drop curve under different ash distribution modes, which can effectively improve the soot and ash loading capacity. When the ash deposition was 10 g/L<sup>-1</sup> and the ash distribution factor was 0, 0.5, 1, the maximum pressure drop of the irregular hexagonal channel structure DPF were all decreased. Under the regeneration pressure threshold the soot loading capacity increased by 36%, 59% and 100%. When the ash deposition gradually increased, the pressure drop of DPF of both structures increased linearly. In a word, the proposed irregular hexagonal channel structure DPF significantly reduced the DPF pressure drop and increased the soot loading capacity, thus improving the DPF working efficiency, reducing the regeneration frequency and prolonging the DPF service life.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Pressure drop
Controlled terms:Deposition - Diesel engines - Drops - Dust - Efficiency - Flow rate - Fuel economy - Fuel filters - Gases - Particles (particulate matter) - Particulate emissions - Silicate minerals - Soot
Uncontrolled terms:Diesel particulate filters - Different distributions - Exhaust gas temperatures - Filtration efficiency - Maximum pressure drops - Pressure drop characteristic - Regeneration frequency - Turbocharged inter-cooled diesel engine
Classification code:451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 482.2 Minerals - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 631 Fluid Flow - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 913.1 Production Engineering - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 2.54e+00% to 5.69e+00%, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 5.90e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Size 2.60e-01m, Size 2.70e-01m, Volume 1.43e-02m3
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 12>
Accession number:20201608479817
Title:Heat and mass transfer and deformation parameter model of minced Antarctic krill during microwave drying
Title of translation:微波干燥过程中南极磷虾肉糜的传热传质及形变参数模型
Authors:Cheng, Yudong (1, 2, 3); Yi, Zhengkai (1, 2, 3); Jin, Yinzhe (1, 2, 3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Food Thermal-processing Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (3) National Food Science and Engineering Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China
Corresponding author:Jin, Yinzhe(yzjin@shou.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:302-312
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Microwave drying is a technology for rapid dehydration of materials, which is widely used in the food industry. Compared with traditional convection drying, microwave drying for food has been found to result in improving the drying rate and final quality. However, microwave drying lead to a non-uniform temperature distribution in some instances, which can over-dry and even destroy food and its texture. Intermittent microwave drying can overcome these adverse effects and improve product quality. Although there are many experimental studies on microwave drying, there is no complete model of heat, mass transfer and shrinkage for microwave drying of Antarctic krill mince available in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, the simulation model was studied based on electromagnetics, multiphase transport and deformation using minced Antarctic krill as media. Microwave drying was carried out in a household microwave oven with a power of 100 W (rated power of 1 000 W). The results of the simulation were obtained by solving electromagnetic equation, energy and momentum conservation and deformation equation by COMSOL Multiphysics. The model included multiphysics of Maxwell's electromagnetic heating, energy conservation, Darcy's velocity, solid mechanics, mass conservations of water and gas, and phase change of melting and evaporation of water 6 s as one cycle was adopted in the simulation. The strategy for each cycle was that the first step was to calculate the electromagnetic field; the second step was to calculate the temperature, pressure, moisture concentration and vapor concentration by using the heat source term; the third step was to calculate the solid mechanics module based on the moisture concentration. After each cycle, the last calculation result was taken as the initial condition of the next calculation, and the dielectric property, thermophysical property, porosity and material size were updated for the next cycle (30 cycles in total). It could save calculation time by using the method to separation and circulation. Infrared thermal imager was used to photograph temperature distribution on the surface of the sample, and optical fiber sensor was used to measure the instantaneous temperature in the point of the sample. The spatial temperature distribution, transient temperature curve, moisture content and volume ratio were in good agreement with the experimental values during intermittent microwave drying for 180 s, and the RMSE of temperature and moisture content without considering shrinkage model are 9.42℃ and 0.08, respectively. Microwave simulation of microwave drying was feasible. In addition, the temperature and moisture content of minced shrimp treated as deformable material were significantly different from that of rigid material during microwave drying simulation, and the former was closer to the experimental value. Water loss was the main factor of material deformation. Intermittent microwave drying allowed the distribution of moisture, pressure and temperature within the material uniform. The sensitivity analysis of the input parameters including intrinsic permeability of water and gas (±50%) and water absorption expansion coefficient (±50%) showed that the water content was more sensitive to the intrinsic permeability of liquid water (RMSE=0.089), less sensitive to the intrinsic permeability of gas (RMSE=0.023), and the volume ratio was very sensitive to the water absorption expansion coefficient.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Chemical contamination - Deformation - Dielectric properties - Electromagnetic fields - Gas permeability - Mass transfer - Microwave heating - Microwaves - Moisture - Moisture determination - Optical fibers - Sensitivity analysis - Shrinkage - Temperature distribution - Textures - Water absorption
Uncontrolled terms:Electromagnetic equations - Electromagnetic heating - Expansion coefficients - Heat and mass transfer - Infrared thermal imager - Momentum conservations - Pressure and temperature - Spatial temperature distribution
Classification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 741.1.2 Fiber Optics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 822.3 Food Products - 921 Mathematics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Power 1.00e+02W, Power 1.00e+03W, Time 1.80e+02s, Time 6.00e+00s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 13>
Accession number:20201608479837
Title:Effect of Aspergillus Niger induced by intense pulsed light on pectinase-producing activity
Title of translation:脉冲强光诱变对黑曲霉产果胶酶活力的影响
Authors:Zhang, Baiqing (1); Ge, Xinyu (1); Ma, Fengming (1); Ma, Yichao (1); Zhang, Shihao (1); Xie, Jiahao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:296-301
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Intense pulse light (IPL) technology is a new non-toxic and environmentally friendly cold treatment technology, which can be applied to mutation breeding of microorganisms and to obtain high-producing strains. Aspergillus Niger is the main strain producing pectinase in food industry at present, but its pectinase yield is low. In order to verify the feasibility of applying intense pulse light technology to mutagenize Aspergillus Niger strains for high yield of pectinase, this experiment used intense pulse light technology to mutagenize Aspergillus Niger. With pulse voltage, pulse number and pulse distance as independent variables and ratio of transparent circle to colony diameter as dependent variables, steepest slope moving tests, response surface tests and result analysis are carried out to determine the optimum conditions for high-yield pectinase induced by the intense pulse light. At the same time, secondary screening of mutant strains was carried out and the genetic stability of the mutant strain was determined and the enzymatic properties of the mutant strain with high pectinase production were explored. The results showed that the multiple quadratic regression equation of transparent circle and colony diameter ratio (Y) against impulse voltage (A), pulse number (B) and pulse distance (C) is as follows: Y=1.59+0.068A+0.048B-0.033C- 0.011AB-0.019AC-0.022BC-0.071A<sup>2</sup>-0.087B<sup>2</sup>-0.13C<sup>2</sup>.All the factors in the response surface design test were significant, and the interaction between two factors was not significant. The optimum mutagenesis conditions were when the pulse voltage was 2 075 V, the pulse number 36 times and the pulse distance 5.4 cm. Under the optimum conditions, the ratio of transparent circle to colony diameter could reach 1.58, which was in good agreement with the predicted value of response surface fitting equation, indicating that the model was credible. Induce mutation to the Aspergillus Niger under such optimized condition, screen mutant strains using transparent circle for 60 mutant strains with bigger ratio of transparent circle to colony diameter. The mutant strain L9 with high pectinase production was finally selected by re-screening the above-mentioned 60 strains by determining pectinase activity, which was as high as (188.21+1.22) U/mL, which was 82.2% higher than that of the original strains. The results of genetic stability analysis showed that the mutant strain L9 had stable pectinase performance within 6 generations and no significant changes were seen in terms of pectinase activity, which indicated that the mutant strain L9 had good genetic stability. The optimum pH value and temperature for producing pectinase were 5.0 and 45℃. Compared with the original strain, the mutant strain L9 produced pectinase with better activity at the optimum pH and temperature. The range of the pH stability and thermal stability of the mutant strain were also significantly wider than that of the original strain, indicating that the mutant strain had good pH stability and thermal stability. Through the above experimental results, we can know that the application of intense pulse light technology to Aspergillus Niger mutation is feasible. After the intense pulse light induced mutation and secondary screening, a mutant strain of Aspergillus Niger with higher pectinase production with high enzymatic activity and good genetic stability can be obtained.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Aspergillus
Controlled terms:Stability - Surface properties - Surface testing - Thermodynamic stability
Uncontrolled terms:Dependent variables - Enzymatic activities - Enzymatic properties - Independent variables - Intense pulsed light - Optimized conditions - Quadratic regression - Response surface designs
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.22e+01%, Size 5.40e-02m, Voltage 2.08e+03V
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 14>
Accession number:20201608479783
Title:Preparation and properties of porous crosslinked lipase polymeric by calcium carbonate template method
Title of translation:模板法制备多孔交联脂肪酶聚集体碳酸钙及其特性
Authors:Miao, Changlin (1); Lü, Pengmei (1); Wang, Zhongming (1); Li, Huiwen (1); Yang, Lingmei (1); Luo, Wen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou; 510640, China
Corresponding author:Li, Huiwen(huiwl@ms.giec.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:218-226
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In view of the problems such as compact surface, small specific surface area and lack of much pore structure of traditional cross-linked lipase aggregates (CLEAs), which further affects the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme in the catalytic process. To solve above problems, this study prepared porous-cross linked enzyme aggregates (p-CLEAs) were synthesized by in-situ co-precipitation method using CaCO<inf>3</inf> microparticles as templates. The preparation procedure involves crude lipase was immobilized as CLEAs via precipitation with ammonium sulfate and entrapping this lipase molecules into CaCO<inf>3</inf> templates, followed by DTT (dithiothreitol) induced assemble of lipase molecules to from lipase microparticles (Lipase molecules were assembled into a microparticle by the internal using disulfide bonds within lipase molecules as molecular linkers and stimulated by dithiothreitol) and finally the removal of CaCO<inf>3</inf> templates by EDTA to form pores in the CLEAs. The preparation conditions, structural characteristics and enzymatic properties were studied. The results showed that the best preparation conditions were: mass concentration of concentration of Ca<sup>2+</sup> 0.35 mol/L, the ratio of lipase to Ca<sup>2+</sup> is 5:1, saturation of precipitator is 80%, precipitation pH value is 8, precipitation time is 40 min, DTT volume fraction is 0.2%, and crosslinking time is 40 min, Compared with conventional CLEAs, the prepared p-CLEAs presented a porous structure and showed significant improvement in methanol tolerance, thermal stability and pH value stability. It was preserved at 4℃ for 6 months and still maintained a high activity. This porous structure makes it easier for substrate molecules to enter the active site of lipase, which not only reduces the mass transfer limitation, but also improves the catalytic efficiency. Therefore, p-CLEAs lipase has a high catalytic activity.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Catalyst activity
Controlled terms:Aggregates - Calcite - Calcium carbonate - Covalent bonds - Efficiency - Enzymes - Mass transfer - Molecules - Nitrogen compounds - pH - Pore structure - Porosity - Precipitation (chemical) - Sulfur compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Catalytic efficiencies - Cross-linked enzyme aggregates - Enzymatic properties - Mass transfer limitation - Preparation conditions - Preparation procedures - Situ co-precipitation - Structural characteristics
Classification code:406 Highway Engineering - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 913.1 Production Engineering - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing:Age 5.00e-01yr, Molar_Concentration 3.50e+02mol/m3, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Time 2.40e+03s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 15>
Accession number:20201608479746
Title:Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in farmland soil of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia
Title of translation:内蒙古河套灌区农田土壤中微塑料的赋存特征
Authors:Wang, Zhichao (1); Meng, Qing (1); Yu, Linghong (1); Yang, Wenhuan (1); Li, Weiping (1); Yang, Jianlin (1); Yang, Fan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou; 014010, China
Corresponding author:Li, Weiping(sjlwp@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:204-209
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In order to study the characteristics of microplastics and its response relationship with mulching years, irrigation methods in the farmland soil of Hetao Irrigation District, field sampling and indoor experiments were used in combination for in-depth study. This paper mainly analyzed the current situation of plastic film mulching in Hetao Irrigation District by considering the effects of mulching years (5, 10, 20 a) and irrigation methods (drip irrigation and surface irrigation under film mulching). The abundance, type, color, particle size and other distribution characteristics of microplastics in the farmland soil were analyzed and other microplastic surface features and attachments also were observed and discussed, which was supported by scanning the electric microscope and energy spectrometer. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in soil under the different mulching years (5, 10, 20 a) in Hetao Irrigation District was 2 526.00, 4 352.80, 6 070.00 pieces/kg. The maximum microplastic was 2133.50 pieces/kg in every layer of soil appeared at 0-10 cm soil layer by mulching 20 a, and the minimum microplastic was 678.00 pieces/kg at 20-30 cm soil layer by mulching 5 a. The average annual increasing rate of microplastics was 14.46% in the early stage (5-10 a), while the increasing rate in the later stage (10-20 a) was 3.95%. The abundance of soil microplastics was affected by different plastic-mulching years and irrigation methods. The abundance of microplastic in drip irrigation farmland was slightly larger than the surface irrigation farmland, and it decreased with the increase of soil depth. By further analysis, the major categories of microplastics were fibers (23.34%), fragments (26.31%), films (38.57%) and grains (11.78%); the colors of microplastics included black, transparent, green, red, blue, etc., with the proportions 24.56%, 23.83%, 19.34%, 16.52% and 15.75% respectively. In the 0-10 cm soil layer, the main color of microplastics was black and it accounted for 30.25% of the total microplastic; in the >10-20 and >20-30 cm soil layer, the main color of microplastics were transparent, accounted for 30.15% and 29.23% of the total microplastic. The particle size exhibited a downward trend with the increase of the mulching years, and the majority of particle size less than 1 mm. In addition, with the increase of mulching years, microplastics particle size in >0-10, >10-20, >20-30 cm soil layer was gradually decreased, and there was no significant relationship between size and irrigation method (P>0.05). The surface features of microplastic samples were rough and irregular pores existed on it, and fiber, thin film and fragments microplastics had regular micropores, while the grain microplastic surface pores were irregular and concave. The porous properties of microplastics in soil made the characteristic of greater specific surface area carried by it. This characteristic could increase the adsorption of other pollutants and microorganisms from the soil; and there were stable iron oxides and rare earth elements on the surface. The research is of great significance to clarify the distribution and harm of microplastics in the soil of the Hetao Irrigation District.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Microplastic
Controlled terms:Color - Farms - Iron oxides - Irrigation - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Rare earths - Soils - Thin films
Uncontrolled terms:Current situation - Distribution characteristics - Energy spectrometer - Hetao irrigation districts - Indoor experiment - Irrigation methods - Plastic film mulching - Surface irrigation
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 741.1 Light/Optics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.18e+01%, Percentage 1.45e+01%, Percentage 1.58e+01%, Percentage 1.65e+01%, Percentage 1.93e+01%, Percentage 2.33e+01%, Percentage 2.38e+01%, Percentage 2.46e+01%, Percentage 2.63e+01%, Percentage 2.92e+01%, Percentage 3.01e+01%, Percentage 3.02e+01%, Percentage 3.86e+01%, Percentage 3.95e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-03m, Size 2.00e-01m to 3.00e-01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 16>
Accession number:20201608479812
Title:Research progress of ecosystem resilience based on bibliometric investigation
Title of translation:基于文献计量分析的生态系统恢复力研究进展
Authors:Yuan, Yuan (1); Bai, Zhongke (1, 2, 3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation of Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China; (3) Ecological Restoration Engineering Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China
Corresponding author:Bai, Zhongke(baizk@cugb.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:271-278
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Due to the climate change and human activities, the global ecosystem has changed significantly, which leads to the continuous decline of ecosystem resilience at the regional and even global scale and constrains the sustainable development of ecosystems. The question about how to maintain the sustainable development ability of ecosystem and reduce the influence of uncertainties has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad. A theory based on ecosystem resilience has provided a framework for solving these problems, but at present, the research of resilience is in the initial stage. Based on this, this paper takes the documents in CNKI database and Web of science database as samples. In CNKI database, the subject is "ecosystem resilience", and in Web of science core database, the topic is "resilience" & "ecological system" or "marine ecological resilience" or "wetland ecological resilience" or "forest ecological resilience" or "grassland ecological resilience" or "desert ecological resilience" not "social-ecological system" not "urban system" not "community system".The Histcite citation visualization software is used to select 40 papers with the highest local citation score (LCS), generating citation chronicles of foreign ecosystem resilience literature, with a time span of 1990-2019, so as to analyze the development of resilience research in foreign countries. In the analysis of domestic research hotspot trends, it is mainly to analyze the quantity of keywords appearing at different stages, and to study the evolution of resilience content. At the same time, this paper also uses VOSviewer data processing software to perform co-occurrence and cluster analysis on keywords, and generates a network map of keywords co-occurrence relationship to understand the main research direction of ecosystem resilience at home and abroad.The findings are as follows: 1) On the whole, the research on ecosystem resilience at home and abroad is on the rise in quantity, and the documents are mainly from the United States. The journals published in the field of ecosystem resilience research at home and abroad tend to focus on ecology and resources. Research institutions include comprehensive colleges, and the universities of mining, teacher education, academy of sciences, and some administrative institutions. 2) At the international level, the focus is different at different stages. Judging from the emergent words, the early stage focuses on biodiversity protection and ecosystem stability. After 2010, more attention is paid to the research of practical policies on the resilience of specific ecosystems. According to the results of citation analysis, resilience is researched from theoretical discussion to specific case modeling, and the research object extends from marine ecosystem to forest ecosystem. The results of co-occurrence analysis and cluster analysis of key words show that the research topics of international resilience focus on biodiversity, basic theory, policy management and the stability of marine ecosystem (especially coral reef). 3) Compared with other countries, China's resilience research starts late, and the research direction of ecosystem resilience in China mainly includes three aspects: land reclamation, land investigation and monitoring means, and research on influencing factors. In recent years, social ecosystem resilience, and sustainability and stability of ecosystem have become research hotspots.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:61
Main heading:Ecosystems
Controlled terms:Biodiversity - Climate change - Cluster analysis - Database systems - Environmental protection - Forestry - Land reclamation - Planning - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Biodiversity protection - Co-occurrence analysis - Co-occurrence relationships - Data processing software - Research institutions - Social-ecological systems - Sustainable development ability - Visualization software
Classification code:442.2 Land Reclamation - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 454 Environmental Engineering - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.3 Database Systems - 912.2 Management
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 17>
Accession number:20201608479845
Title:Development of emitter clogging predication model for drip irrigation system with biogas slurry and optimization of its system parameters
Title of translation:沼液滴灌系统灌水器堵塞模型构建及系统参数优化
Authors:Chen, Hong (1, 2); Xia, Binyun (1, 2); Shao, Xian (1, 2); Jiang, Hua (3); Ma, Luchang (1, 2); Zhang, Yanlin (1, 2); Sun, Guoliao (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agriculture Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China; (3) Ecological Energy Bureau in Ezhou, Ezhou; 436000, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:99-106
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In actual application of drip irrigation project with biogas slurry, emitters clogging occurs frequently. This study established models for predicting clogging of emitters and optimized system factors of drip irrigation system with biogas slurry in order to prevent the emitter clogging effectively and improve the reliability of the operation of the drip irrigation system with biogas slurry. The remaining biogas slurry from the actual biogas project was took as test samples. The total solids in biogas slurry was 0.6%, the chemical oxygen demand was 3 722.40 mg/L, the pH value was 8.42 and the turbidity value was 864.20 NTU. From the perspective of controlling the operation mode of the drip irrigation system rationally and meeting the requirement of crop growth, the ratio of water to biogas slurry, irrigation pressure and dripper flow rate were taken as the influencing factors. The ratio of water to biogas slurry included 3 levels of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1. The irrigation pressure was 0.04, 0.12 and 0.20 MPa. The dipper flow rate was 4, 8 and 12 L/h. Average relative flow rate and first clogging time of the emitters were used as the response index in the experimental study. The experiment was designed by response surface methodology. The model was established by using regression analysis method. Response surface analysis was completed by the software of Design-Expert 8.0.6. The results showed that the ratio of water to biogas slurry, irrigation pressure and dripper flow rate had significant effects on the average relative flow rate and first clogging time of the emitters in drip irrigation system with biogas slurry, and the effects of these 3 factors on the average relative flow rate and first clogging time of the emitters was ordered by dripper flow rate > ratio of water to biogas slurry > irrigation pressure. Under the condition with large ratio of water to biogas slurry and dripper flow rate, the average relative flow rate was the largest and the firs clogging time was the longest. The optimal condition to obtain larger relative flow rate and longer first clogging time obtained by response surface methodology was as follows: the ratio of water to biogas slurry was 3:1, irrigation pressure was 0.14 MPa, dripper flow rate was 12 L/h. Under such an optimal condition, the measured average relative flow rate was 0.83 and the measured first clogging time was 55 h. The relative error between the measured value and the theoretical value of the model was smaller than 4%. It verified the reliability of model proposed in this study for predicting first clogging time of emitter in drip irrigation system with biogas slurry. The study would provide valuable information for the design of emitter in drip irrigation system with biogas slurry.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Biogas - Chemical oxygen demand - Flow rate - Regression analysis - Surface analysis - Surface properties
Uncontrolled terms:Drip irrigation projects - Drip irrigation systems - Optimal conditions - Predication model - Regression analysis methods - Response surface analysis - Response surface methodology - Theoretical values
Classification code:522 Gas Fuels - 631 Fluid Flow - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 7.22e-01kg/m3, Percentage 4.00e+00%, Percentage 6.00e-01%, Pressure 1.20e+05Pa, Pressure 1.40e+05Pa, Pressure 2.00e+05Pa, Time 1.98e+05s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 18>
Accession number:20201608479789
Title:Compensation pricing of rural residential land exit based on multi-agent complex adaptive system theory
Title of translation:应用多主体复杂适应系统理论的宅基地退出补偿定价
Authors:Yuan, Shaofeng (1); Li, Wei (1); Li, Shengnan (1); Tang, Yiyu (1); Zhang, Xiaolei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou; 310018, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:263-270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Simulation of rural residential land exit pricing can provide reference compensation price and range for the government. The state encourages the conditional transfer of rural residential land and allows farmers who have already settled in urban area to exit the rural residential land willingly. The function evaluation and value accounting of rural residential land are important links to promote the transfer of rural residential land into the market, revitalize rural assets and protect farmers' land rights and interests. Three places were chosen as typical regions to study rural residential land exit, including Jiaxing City in the north Zhejiang plain, Yiwu City in the middle Zhejiang foothill basin and Taishun County in the south Zhejiang mountain area. Based on the law of distance attenuation, taking the designated town as the research unit, according to the distance between the rural residential land and the town center, the rural residential land was divided into urban villages, suburbs, outer suburbs, and remote areas. On this basis, the initial compensation amount for rural residential land exit in different regions and different locations was calculated based on the function of rural residential land. Built the simulation model in Java according to the actual rural residential land exit process. Then based on the complex adaptive system theory and multi-agent simulation method, this paper simulated the interaction behavior of micro-subjects and tried to price the residential land exit compensation from the scale of micro-farmers. The results showed that: 1) The compensation price range of rural residential land in different regions had significant differences, and the price gap between urban villages, suburbs, outer suburbs and remote areas in the same region was significant. All the urban villages of three regions had a low willingness to exit, which required more negotiations before they fully agreed to exit, while the villages of the remote areas had a relatively strong willingness to exit, among which the suburbs of Jiaxing City had the strongest desire to exit. 2) The stronger the farmer's willingness to exit, the less the number of interactions with the government in the negotiations, and the lower the increase in the price range. The urban villagers in three areas were the regions with low willingness to exit. They needed more negotiations to fully agree to exit, while the remote areas farmers' exit willingness were relatively strong. As the initial farmer's tough degree μ value increased, the number of iterations between farmers and the government increased linearly. Increasing the threshold of a tough degree would correspondingly increase the number of negotiations between farmers and the government and increase government costs. The amount of compensation that the government can increase in each negotiation is determined comprehensively by the local government's financial situation, administrative level and capacity to be close to civilians, which may vary in different regions. The larger the amount parameter (d) increased in each negotiation, the higher the total amount of the final exit compensation will be. Based on complex adaptive system theory, the multi-agent simulation method can provide new ideas for rural residential land exit pricing and scientific references for further improvement of rural residential land system reform.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Adaptive systems - Agriculture - Computer software - Costs - Housing - Multi agent systems - System theory
Uncontrolled terms:Complex adaptive systems - Distance-attenuation - Interaction behavior - Multi agent simulation - Number of iterations - Rural residential - Scientific references - Simulation model
Classification code:403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 961 Systems Science
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 19>
Accession number:20201608479782
Title:Prediction of temperature in edible fungi greenhouse based on MA-ARIMA-GASVR
Title of translation:基于MA-ARIMA-GASVR的食用菌温室温度预测
Authors:Tian, Dong (1); Wei, Xinhua (1); Wang, Yue (1); Zhao, Anping (2); Mu, Weisong (1); Feng, Jianying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Agricultural Bureau Information Center, Beijing; 100029, China
Corresponding author:Feng, Jianying(fjying@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:190-197
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The temperature in edible fungi greenhouse has the characteristics of time-variant, nonlinear and multi-coupling, so accurate and effective temperature predictions can effectively help growers adjust the greenhouse environment and prevent edible fungus production and quality decline. Based on the perspective of mining the time-series information in historical temperature data. This paper described the specific steps to realize the MA-ARIMA-GASVR-based hybrid combination method to predict the temperature in the edible fungus greenhouse. Firstly, we assumed that the historical temperature series data of edible fungus greenhouse was a dynamic combination of linear and non-linear components, the historical temperature sequences were decomposed into linear sequences and residual sequences using the moving averages (MA) method. Then, time series analysis was conducted to established the model of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) by using linear sequence after the decomposition of the moving averages, and the future trend of linear sequences was predicted by the established model. Afterward, to better fit the relationship between temperature trends and various noises in the environment, the autoregressive integrated moving average model prediction value, the historical residual data and the historical temperature data were employed as the input of the support vector regression (SVR) model, and the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the parameters of the support vector regression model to improve its performance, the parameters being optimized are penalty parameter and radial basis function kernel parameters in the support vector regression model. Finally, the hybrid model output was the temperature prediction value which was more in line with the actual situation. Moreover, the hybrid method was verified using the experimental data from the edible fungus greenhouse in Beijing. In this paper, a representative edible fungus greenhouse was selected as the experimental object according to the observation time requirements and the time-varying needs of edible fungus greenhouse temperature, which was located in the Daxing District of Beijing. A total of 2 208 measured edible fungus greenhouse temperature data were collected from July 1<sup>st</sup>, 2019 to September 30<sup>th</sup>, 2019 during the experiment. The experimental data acquisition device used the JXBS-7001 temperature monitoring sensor was used to automatically collect and record the experimental data. Three sets of sensors were deployed in the edible fungus greenhouse to record the experimental data set which included the average temperature data. We trained the proposed model by using data from July 3<sup>rd</sup>, 2019 to July 16<sup>th</sup>, 2019 and forecasted the temperature of the next two days and compared temperature prediction experiments with different models and different time intervals. The results indicated that the MA-ARIMA-GASVR-based hybrid model could better fit the original temperature data, the mean squared error, the mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error of an hour interval temperature were 0.18, 0.36, 1.34, and three error evaluation indexes all showed that the prediction accuracy of the hybrid method in this paper was better than the single models of support vector regression and support vector regression optimized by genetic algorithm, and it was also superior to the hybrid methods which were not processed by moving averages method or optimized by genetic algorithm. Besides, the mean squared error, the mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error of 6hours interval temperature were 0.29, 0.52, 1.95. the hybrid method in this paper can satisfy the multi-step prediction within 6 hours, which could provide more time for edible fungus producers to adjust the temperature in the greenhouse.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Support vector regression
Controlled terms:Autoregressive moving average model - Data acquisition - Errors - Forecasting - Fungi - Genetic algorithms - Greenhouses - Mean square error - Radial basis function networks - Time series analysis - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms:Auto-regressive integrated moving average - Autoregressive integrated moving average models - Experimental data acquisition - Mean absolute percentage error - Radial basis function kernels - Support vector regression (SVR) - Support vector regression models - Time series informations
Classification code:723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 921.1 Algebra - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Time 2.16e+04s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 20>
Accession number:20201608479777
Title:Prime farmland demarcation based on arable land quality and concentricity in non-uniform grid environment
Title of translation:非均匀网格环境下基于耕地质量与集中连片度的基本农田划定
Authors:Tian, Huiwen (1); Zhang, Xinxin (1); Bi, Rutian (1); Yan, Jing (1); Li, Guangyue (1); Zhang, Jing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, ShanXi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China
Corresponding author:Bi, Rutian(brt@sxau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:254-262
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:An important measure to ensure the national food security and improve the quality of arable land is to demarcate the prime farmland scientifically and reasonably. There are three types of evaluation units for delimiting prime farmland, mainly including administrative villages, plots and grids. Compared with the other two types, grid can not only break the constraints of irregular geographic data, improve the ability of data update and retrieval, but also integrate, share and use information resources, which is easy to locate in the space. In the current research field, the demarcation of prime farmland is generally carried out in a uniform grid environment. If using large-scale uniform grid, however, the area of small and scattered arable land will have a large error. Although using small-scale uniform grid can reduce the area error, there are other problems such as large amount of data and high redundancy. The advantages of non-uniform grid are obvious. Its data volume is far less than that of uniform grid, which effectively reduces the frequency of invalid data search. And, the efficiency of data retrieval and transmission can be improved. "Centralized and continuous, high quality" is the requirement of realizing the construction of prime farmland with high spatial standard. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to establish a method to divide and express prime farmland by using arable land concentricity and arable land quality index with the non-uniform grid environment. Wenxi County of Shanxi Province is taken as the research area. The research methods of the paper are as follows: to construct non-uniform grid and multi-scale uniform grid with the help of Arc-Engine secondary development platform; Comparing the expression error of arable land area and the data amount of grid, and then analyzing the advantage of non-uniform grid in cultivated land expression. Focusing on the contiguous land and the quality of cultivated land evaluates the spatial distribution of cultivated land. The results show that the arable land is divided into permanent protection type, quality improvement type, key management type and reserve management type by the method of spatial superposition; On the basis of the connotation of prime farmland, demarcating and expressing prime farmland. Using non-uniform grid can not only reduce data redundancy, but also achieve small error expression of arable land information. The delimitation results of prime farmland in Wenxi County meet the requirements of "centralized, continuous and high quality". The area of prime farmland accounts for 83.22% of the total area of farmland, and the demarcation proportion conforms to the national regulations. The non-uniform grid can well express the spatial distribution of prime farmland. Obviously, this method is suitable for the demarcation of prime farmland and provides a new way for expressing prime farmland better.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Data reduction - Errors - Food supply - Grid computing - Land use - Quality control - Redundancy - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivated lands - Data redundancy - Error expressions - Information resource - Non-uniform grids - Quality improvement - Reserve management - Secondary development
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 822.3 Food Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.32e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 21>
Accession number:20201608479775
Title:Influencing factors and sensitivity analysis of cultivated-layer quality of purple soil slope farmland
Title of translation:紫色土坡耕地耕层质量影响因素及其敏感性分析
Authors:Shi, Dongmei (1); Jiang, Na (1); Jiang, Guangyi (2); Yang, Jun (3); Ye, Qing (1); Zhang, Jianle (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Eco-environment Monitoring Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Chongqing; 401147, China; (3) Chongqing Wanzhou District Water Resources Bureau, Chongqing; 404000, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:135-143
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The change process of cultivated layer quality for slope farmland at plot scale is influenced by the interactive effects between erosive rainfall and artificial farming activities at different temporal and spatial scales. For a slope surface, there exists a successive erosion process of rainfall-runoff-infiltration and the consequence is first reflected in the quality of cultivated layer. Among the factors induced the erosion process at plot scale, terrain is an important factor because it could redistribute the ratio of rainfall--infiltration, which directly cause a different erosion process for an erosive rainfall and the different degradation degree during a rainy season and a growth season. Taking purple soil slope farmland as an example, the paper firstly analyzed the varying characteristics of cultivated layer quality of slope farmland, then quantitatively evaluated the effects of four terrain factors, altitude, slope angle, effective soil thickness and slope position on cultivated layer quality and their sensitivity of impact, adopted principal component analysis and evaluation model. The results indicated: 1) Such soil properties as cultivated layer thickness, soil organic matter and soil bulk density of cultivated layer were all within the suitable scope and soil nutrient properties were generally at middle & low levels. The variation coefficients of soil bulk density and soil total porosity showed weak variability (CV<10%), presenting 7.97% and 8.36% respectively and the other soil properties showed moderate variability. 2)Minimum data set for cultivated layer quality evaluation of purple soil slope farmland consisted of eight soil parameters, bulk density, penetration resistance, soil organic matter, clay content, cultivated layer thickness, soil shear strength, saturated water conductivity and bioavailable phosphorus. Soil physical properties are more important than chemical properties except soil organic matter for erosion control and crop growth of slope farmland. Evaluation based on the MDS revealed that the cultivated layer quality varied spatially over the slope, being 0.458 in the low part of the slope, 0.443 in the middle part of the slope and 0.417 in the upper part of the slope and the quality value of the lower slope was 3.39% and 9.83% higher than that of the middle slope and upper slope positions, respectively. 3) The factors affecting cultivated layer quality divided into four types: slope-angle impacted type, slope location impacted type, effective soil layer thickness impacted type and altitude impacted type and they accounted for 38.89%, 22.22%, 14.81% and 24.08% of the total samples taken from slope farmland respectively. The slope angle was the main determinant of cultivated layer quality because it could induce directly many ecological processes at plot scale. The slope angle and effective soil layer thickness could be modified by such soil and water conservation measures as terrace, biological ridge and soil improvement methods. But the slope location and altitude could not be modified easily only by selecting suitable crop system. 4) The quality of cultivated layer had positive correlation with its thickness and location in the slope, and negative correlation with altitude and slope angle. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the determinants were ranked in the order of altitude (-0.399) > location in the slope (0.192) > slope angle (-0.112) > effective soil layer thickness (0.110) based on their impact on cultivated lay quality. These results could provide some useful evaluation parameters and its regulating direction for cultivated layer quality, which contributed to the sustainable utilization of purple soil slope farmland. Furthermore, other samples of slope farmland should be studied in order to find out the critical values of MDS according to 2 functions of cultivated layer, erosion control and soil productivity.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Soil quality
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Chemical analysis - Crops - Erosion - Factor analysis - Farms - Forestry - Infiltration - Location - Organic compounds - Parameter estimation - Principal component analysis - Quality control - Rain - Sensitivity analysis - Shear strength - Soil conservation - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Bioavailable phosphorus - Evaluation parameters - Penetration resistances - Positive correlations - Soil and water conservation measures - Soil physical property - Sustainable utilization - Temporal and spatial scale
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 444 Water Resources - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.48e+01%, Percentage 2.22e+01%, Percentage 2.41e+01%, Percentage 3.39e+00%, Percentage 3.89e+01%, Percentage 7.97e+00%, Percentage 8.36e+00%, Percentage 9.83e+00%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 22>
Accession number:20201608479833
Title:Effects of NaCl concentration on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process and N<inf>2</inf>O emission in SBBR
Title of translation:NaCl浓度对SBBR同步脱氮及N<inf>2</inf>O释放的影响
Authors:Gong, Youkui (1, 2); Ren, Lifang (1); Luo, Peiyun (1); Peng, Yongzhen (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Architecture Engineering, Yantai Vocational College, Yantai; 264670, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:152-159
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) is widely applied in the wastewater treatment due to its strong adaptability to the unstable influent substrate concentrations. The growth environment for microorganisms is different in the outer and inner space of the biofilm, which leads to different microbial community structure in different zones of the system. Salinity is one of the key factors that affect biological nitrogen removal (BNR) performance for domestic wastewater treatment. Higher salinity could also promote the nitrite accumulation. In particular, nitrite accumulation was considered to be a major parameter for affecting the emission of N<inf>2</inf>O in both nitrification and denitrification stages, and therefore mitigate the environmental benefits of nitrogen removal process. In present study, the feasibility of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process achievement in a SBBR was evaluated treating domestic wastewater with NaCl addition (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/L) salinity addition. For more detailed insights, the changes of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and glycogen (Gly) were also analyzed to evaluate the salinity effect on nitrite accumulation and N<inf>2</inf>O emission. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the nitrogen removal efficiency decreased, while the N<inf>2</inf>O emission ratio increased. The NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> removal efficiency was more than 95% as the NaCl concentration was no more than 10 g/L. When the NaCl concentration increased to 20 g/L, the average NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> decreased to 70.6%. As the NaCl increased from 0 to 20 g/L, the increment of PHA and Gly decreased from 43.6 mg/g and 34.5 mg/g to 28.2 mg/g and 22.7 mg/g, respectively, while the NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> accumulation and the N<inf>2</inf>O emission ratio increased from 1.12 mg/L and 4.08 % to 18.87 mg/L and 13.60%. The more NaCl was added, the higher the ratio of NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> to NO<inf>x</inf><sup>-</sup> accomplished. The accumulated NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> contributed to the occurrence of nitrifier denitrification (ND) by AOB. Most nitrous oxide emission was via ND process with NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup> as electron donor and NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> as electron acceptor. The higher amount of N<inf>2</inf>O, formed in the transition zone, could be consumed in deeper regions of the biofilm when the COD was sufficient. In the absence of external carbon source, both PHA and glycogen Gly were used as internal carbon source for the endogenous denitrification. The higher NaCl concentration inhibited the PHA and Gly production, which decreased the internal electron donors for denitrification. The competition for electron between Nir and Nos during the endogenous denitrification process in the deeper region, as well as the nitrifier denitrification of AOB in the transition region, contributed to the high N<inf>2</inf>O emission, especially in the high NaCl concentration of 15 and 20 g/L. Furthermore, higher NaCl concentration reduced the density of the biofilm, which made it possible for more DO diffusing into the biofilm. It can not be ignored that DO possessed high inhibition on Nos, which attributed to the high N<inf>2</inf>O emission under high NaCl concentration. The "feast" time increased at a high salinity, revealing the inhibition of microbial activity. High salinity hindered the denitrification rate, and the inhibition degree was dependent on the influent COD/N and terminal electron acceptors. Compared with the nitrate reduction rate (DNAR) and the nitrite reduction rate (DNIR), the nitrous oxide reduction rate (DN<inf>2</inf>OR) was much more reduced by high salinity. In saline wastewater BNR process, the higher NO<inf>2</inf><sup>-</sup> accumulation, the competion between Nir and Nos, as well as the higher DO concentration in the inner region of the biofilm, led to the increase in N<inf>2</inf>O yield.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Sodium chloride
Controlled terms:Biofilms - Biological water treatment - Carbon - Denitrification - Efficiency - Electrons - Microorganisms - Nitration - Nitrification - Nitrogen oxides - Nitrogen removal - Wastewater treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Biological nitrogen removal - Domestic waste water treatment - Inhibition of microbial activities - Microbial community structures - Nitrification and denitrification - Sequencing batch biofilm reactor - Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification - Terminal electron acceptors
Classification code:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9 Biology - 462.5 Biomaterials (including synthetics) - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 913.1 Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 0.00e+00kg/m3 to 2.00e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.12e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.50e+01kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.89e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.00e+01kg/m3, Percentage 1.36e+01%, Percentage 7.06e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 23>
Accession number:20201608479804
Title:Design of control system for pig farm cleaning and ecological environment monitoring
Title of translation:猪舍生态环境监测和清洁控制系统的设计
Authors:Wang, Bin (1); Liu, Xuemei (1); Zhang, Guoqiang (1); Wang, Weijun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Northwestern Polytechnical University Ming De College, Xi'an; 710124, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:55-62
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:According to the actual needs of small and medium-sized farms, an automatic control system for eco-environmental monitoring and cleaning was designed with PLC (programmable logic controller) as the core controller. The system was composed of subsystems such as sunshade, fan unit, spray system, manure scraper, and flushing control system. According to the detected value of ecological environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, the ammonia concentration in the pigsty, PLC and human-machine interface controlled the subsystems to achieve the regulation of the environmental parameters for improving the survival rate of piglets and reducing the incidence of pigs, resulted in realize the automatic breeding of pigs. According to the different temperature requirements of pigs in different growth stages, temperature-sensitive resistors were used to measure and control the temperature in different areas of the pigsty. Because the resistances of the temperature-sensitive resistor and the changes of the temperature were non-linear to achieve accurate temperature measurement, a simple resistance-voltage conversion circuit was designed and the measured value of the temperature-sensitive resistor was piecewise linearized in the PLC program design. The test results showed that the processing method made the temperature measurement accuracy reach ±0.2℃, which fully met the requirements of the control system. Because the PLC analog input module used in this system had only 4 input channels and the temperature and humidity analog signals had 16 channels. In order to reduce the production cost of this system, a 16-channel analog time-shared data acquisition circuit was designed in this study. This circuit was mainly composed of two CD4052. The two output switch signals of the PLC were converted into TTL (transistor-transistor logic) signals as the strobe address signals. Because the output signal of the ammonia concentration sensor used the MODBUS-RTU communication mode, this article gave a program design method to achieve this communication in Delta PLC. Due to the large space in each area of the pigsty, the detection value output by each sensor was related to the location where it was installed. In order to realize the reasonable detection of the environmental parameters in all areas of the pigsty, a multi-sensor adaptive weighted average fusion algorithm was adopted in this study, and a PLC program design method of the algorithm had given. The test results showed that using the data fusion algorithm, the minimum value of the total variance of the temperature measurement values in the piglet's living area was about 0.012 5 at 20℃, and the variance was 0.856 2 when using the arithmetic mean. When the ammonia concentration was around 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, the minimum value of the variance of the ammonia concentration measurement value of the whole pigsty using the data fusion algorithm was 0.040 6, and the arithmetic mean was 0.954 8. This showed that with the data fusion algorithm, the variance of the measured values of the parameters in each area was much smaller than the variance when the arithmetic mean was used. Each subsystem ran reliably during the test and achieves the design goals. The control system had a simple structure, it was easy to install, debug and maintain, and had a low cost. It could greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, save manpower, and reduce environmental pollution. Its high application value was especially suitable for small and medium-sized scale breeding farms.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Program debugging
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Automation - Computer circuits - Controllers - Costs - Data acquisition - Data fusion - Design - Ecology - Environmental regulations - Fertilizers - Humidity control - Mammals - Man machine systems - Parameter estimation - Resistors - Temperature measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Design of control system - Different growth stages - Eco-environmental monitoring - Environmental pollutions - Human Machine Interface - PLC (programmable logic controller) - Temperature and humidities - Transistor-transistor logic
Classification code:454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 721.3 Computer Circuits - 723.1 Computer Programming - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 732.1 Control Equipment - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 944.6 Temperature Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.50e-05kg/m3
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 24>
Accession number:20201608479841
Title:Design and optimization of crushing and throwing device for straw returning to field and fertilizing hill-seeding machine
Title of translation:秸秆还田施肥点播机粉碎抛撒装置结构设计与优化
Authors:Qin, Kuan (1, 2, 3); Cao, Chengmao (1, 2, 3); Liao, Yishan (4); Wang, Chaoqun (1); Fang, Liangfei (1); Ge, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Hefei; 230036, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Production Technology and Equipment of the Agriculture Ministry in the South, Hefei; 230036, China; (4) Keming Agricultural Machinery Co.Ltd., Suzhou; 234113, China
Corresponding author:Cao, Chengmao(caochengmao@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:1-10
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:To satisfy the need of stubbles and straws crushing returning to field and no-till seeding, a stubble crushing returning to field and fertilizing hill-seeding machine was designed. The machine could accomplish stubbles and straws crushing and returning to field, precision sowing of large grain crops and side fertilization. In order to avoid the blockage of no-till seeding machine in field and seeds falling on crushed stubbles, the key parameters of crushing and scattering device were designed through theoretical analysis, ADAMS simulation and field experiments. Based on theses, it was determined that the length of swing stubble cutter was 159 mm, the thickness of swing stubble cutter was 7 mm, the width of swing stubble cutter was 68 mm, the included angle of Y-shaped intersection of swing stubble cutter was 120°, the height of Y-shaped intersection of swing stubble cutter was 60 mm, the swing stubble cutter was 30 groups, the lead angle of adjacent swing stubble cutter was 85°, the distance of adjacent swing stubble cutter was 67 mm, the distance of two swing stubble cutter end face to shaft end face was 60.5 mm, the length of fixed stubble cutter was 84 mm, the blade length of fixed stubble cutter was 50 mm, the distance of fixed stubble cutter tail end to Y-shaped point of intersection of fixed stubble cutter was 8 mm, the width of fixed stubble cutter was 76 mm, the installation angle of inclination of fixed stubble cutter was 12°, and the blade angle of inclination of fixed stubble cutter was 56.6°. The simulation experiments confirmed that the ranges of the distance of opener front end to swing stubble cutter horizontal position end face was 2-4 cm and the slope angle of straw baffle was 20°~25°. Further, the field optimization experiments of two factors and three levels was carried out in Yongqiao district, Luling town, Suzhou city, Anhui province. The three levels of the distance of opener front end to swing stubble cutter horizontal position end face were 2, 3 and 4 cm, the three levels of the slope angle of straw baffle were 20°, 22.5° and 25°. The quadratic multiple regression equation of test factors and seed drying rate was obtained by fitting the test results, and variance analysis and response surface analysis were carried out. The results of analysis showed that the distance of opener front end to swing stubble cutter horizontal position end face had greater influence on the seed drying rate than the slope angle of straw baffle. when the distance of opener front end to swing stubble cutter horizontal position end face was 2.3 cm and the slope angle of straw baffle was 22°, the seed drying rate was 1.65%. The verification experiment showed that the machine was not blocked during the working process, the seed drying rate was 1.58%, acceptability of seeding depth was 81.3%, acceptability of straw smashing length was 96.6%, acceptability of straw scattering range was 90.2%, uneven rate of straw scattering was 11.9%, and pure productivity was 0.37 hm<sup>2</sup>/h, the results of verification experiment was better than the standard requirements. The stubble returning to field and fertilizing hill-seeding machine meet the working quality requirement of stubble smashing spilling returning to field and no-till precision sowing.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Crushing
Controlled terms:Drying - Surface analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Design and optimization - Field optimization - Installation angle - Multiple regression equations - Point of intersections - Response surface analysis - Standard requirements - Variance analysis
Classification code:951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.19e+01%, Percentage 1.58e+00%, Percentage 1.65e+00%, Percentage 8.13e+01%, Percentage 9.02e+01%, Percentage 9.66e+01%, Size 1.59e-01m, Size 2.00e-02m to 4.00e-02m, Size 2.30e-02m, Size 3.00e-02m, Size 4.00e-02m, Size 5.00e-02m, Size 6.00e-02m, Size 6.05e-02m, Size 6.70e-02m, Size 6.80e-02m, Size 7.00e-03m, Size 7.60e-02m, Size 8.00e-03m, Size 8.40e-02m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 25>
Accession number:20201608479729
Title:Development of near-earth remote sensing spectral imaging device based on multi-rotor UAV
Title of translation:多旋翼无人机近地遥感光谱成像装置研制
Authors:Zhao, Jing (1); Long, Teng (1); Lan, Yubin (1); Long, Yongbing (1); Li, Jiyu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author:Li, Jiyu(lijiyuscau@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:78-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:There are two kinds of operation mode of plant protect multi-rotor UAV, hover and fixed-speed flight, so corresponding working modes of spectral remote are needed. However, general-purpose remote sensing equipment couldn't satisfy the needs. A set of liquid crystal spectral imaging device was designed to meet the requirements of low-altitude spectral remote of multi-rotor UAV based on the principle of two-dimensional optical splitting. Firstly, the hardware and the software of the device were developed to realize the synchronization of three modules: the acquisition module, the control module and the communication module. The acquisition module consists of a16-bit CCD grayscale camera, a color aberration lens, a liquid crystal tunable filters (LCTFs), and a UV filter. The control module consists of a microcomputer controller and a USB connector. The communication module consists of a data transmission device, BEIDOU positioning systems, and the ground workstations. The software was developed to control hardware for working synchronously and analyze data. The functions of software were not only for parameter adjustment before formal capturing, but also for spectral images analysis alone and achieving spectral abstraction. Secondly, the data acquisition method based on the principle of device was studied. The relationship between the flight speed, altitude and capturing parameters of the device was established, which guaranteed the quality of spectral images, the possibility of image mosaics, spectral continuity and stability of the captured spectral images. Thirdly, indoor and outdoor experiments were carried out to test the device performance and data acquisition method. The indoor experiment was performed in the wind tunnel laboratory of South China Agricultural University by a stepper motor equipped. Compared with the millimeter-defocus blur spectral images, and the micro motion blur spectral images, the original images taken indoors were 10 and 15 times clearer respectively. Furthermore, image mosaics could be achieved based on feature point algorithm. The outdoor experiment was carried out in Xinxiang, Henan Province, China, with a Quadrotor UAV equipped. The results showed that the original images taken outdoors had high-quality, and the spatial resolution was up to 1 392×1 040 pixels. The spectra abstracted from original images were stable and reliable. The spectral range was 400-720 nm, and the spectral step was up to 2 nm. Both the comprehensive indoor simulation tests and the outdoor tests showed that the liquid crystal spectral imaging device developed in the paper could obtain qualified spectral images, and showed that the device could match two operating modes of multi-rotor UAV, hover and fixed speed motion. Based on the design of direct coupling optical path, the whole set of device is compact structure, vibrate resistance, high reliability and stability, and suitable for plant protection working. The new method and the device were provided for low-altitude remote sensing of multi-rotor UAV in the paper, which is expected to be applied to precision spraying, crop prescription map generation and other related fields.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Remote sensing
Controlled terms:Abstracting - Agricultural robots - Data acquisition - Imaging techniques - Liquid crystals - Radio navigation - Spectroscopy - Stepping motors - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) - Wind tunnels
Uncontrolled terms:Acquisition modules - Communication modules - Device performance - Indoor simulation test - Liquid crystal tunable filter - Parameter adjustments - Remote sensing equipment - Wind tunnel laboratory
Classification code:651.2 Wind Tunnels - 652.1 Aircraft, General - 705.3 Electric Motors - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 746 Imaging Techniques - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
Numerical data indexing:Size 2.00e-09m, Size 4.00e-07m to 7.20e-07m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 26>
Accession number:20201608479766
Title:Delaying the aging process of pears by maintaining cuticular waxes under high humidity storage conditions
Title of translation:高湿度贮藏环境保持香梨表皮蜡质延缓衰老进程
Authors:Jiang, Ying (1); Wang, Yue (1); Mao, Huijuan (1); Lü, Yunhao (1); Chen, Guogang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832000, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:287-295
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Cuticular wax is an important factor that affects storage quality and commercial value of fruits and vegetables after postharvest. Previous studies have shown that cuticular wax of pears undergoes significant changes during storage. However, there are few studies on the effects of different humidity environments storage on the wax changes and the correlation with storage quality. In this paper, the total wax content, chemical composition and the relationship between the wax and storage quality of Korla pear stored at different relative humidity (40% - 45%, 60% - 65%, 80% - 85%) were determined. After extracting cuticular wax by chloroform extraction, chemical compositions were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eight quality parameters (e.g. qualified fruits percentage, weight loss, apparent colour, hardness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity content, ethylene evolution rate and respiratory intensity) were measured and correlation analysis were performed between total wax content, chemical compositions and storage parameters. The results showed that the compositions of fruit wax under different humidity environments were quite similar, mainly including alkanes, olefins, fatty acids, aldehydes, alcohols and esters. Nevertheless, the amount and type of each composition varied. The substances of the primary components with higher contents were nonacosane, hentriacontane, (9Z)-9-tricosene, palmitic acid, oleic acid, docosanol, 1, 1-dimethoxydodecane and lanosterin. At the end of storage, the highest cuticular wax content was observed in 80%-85% relative humidity storage and the lowest in 40%-45% relative humidity storage. Compared with the control, high humidity environment delayed the aging process of pear, reduced the decrease of weight loss, hardness, soluble solids content, titratable acid content, and qualified fruits percentage, postponed the peak of respiratory and ethylene release, the 80%-85% treatment was remarkable. Different humidity environment had certain influence on wax content and chemical composition of postharvest pear. The relative humidity of 80%-85% could better maintain the total wax content, alkane and aldehydes, and delay the increase rate of fatty acids and alcohols. Among the components, esters and terpenoids have the greatest influence on storage parameters, followed by alkanes and alcohols. The results showed that the chemical composition of cuticular wax were changed under different humidity environments during storage, at the same time, there was significant correlation(P<0.01) between total wax content, chemical composition and postharvest senescence. In summary, most of the aging process were delayed due to the total wax content and chemical composition were maintained in high humidity environment, manifesting that stable chemical composition of cuticular wax play an important role in keeping good quality of postharvest pear. Overall, to understand the changes of cuticular wax in different humidity environment could provide sufficient information for further study on the effect of cuticular wax on postharvest storage performance. In this paper, the effect of storage in different humidity on the cuticular wax of Korla pear was studied. The change of cuticular wax during shelf life period of pear fruits after storage and control measures to regulate cuticular wax compositions need to be further explored. In addition, the molecular mechanism between cuticular wax chemical compositions and storage quality of Korla pear is not clear, which needs further study.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Humidity control
Controlled terms:Aldehydes - Chlorine compounds - Drug products - Essential oils - Esters - Ethylene - Fruits - Gas chromatography - Hardness - Mass spectrometry - Palmitic acid - Paraffins - Quality control
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical compositions - Chloroform extraction - Correlation analysis - Fruits and vegetables - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometries (GC-MS) - High-humidity environment - Post-harvest storage - Soluble solids content
Classification code:801 Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+01% to 4.50e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01% to 8.50e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 27>
Accession number:20201608479831
Title:Effects of irrigation water and N fertilizer types on soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities
Title of translation:灌水和氮肥类型对土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响
Authors:Shang, Fangze (1, 2); Yang, Peiling (3); Ren, Shumei (3); Huang, Yuefei (2); Sun, Xiaoling (1); Xu, Hongliang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) PowerChina Eco-environmental Group Co. Ltd., Shenzhen; 518102, China; (2) School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:107-118
Language:English
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Effects of irrigation water and N fertilizer types on soil microbes and enzymes are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation water and N fertilizer types on soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities. A 2-year experiment (2015-2017) was conducted at the Tongzhou Experimental Station of Tongzhou District, Beijing, China(39°42'6.93″N, 116°41'2.31″E). The experiments utilized a factorial randomized complete block design with 8 treatments (2×4) in 3 replicates. The first factor had 2 irrigation water types (fresh water (FW) and reclaimed water (RW)), and the 2nd factor had 4 N fertilizer types (no nitrogen, urea, ammonium sulfate, and slow-release urea). Physicochemical, microbe and enzyme analyses from soil and water samples were determined. The results showed the contents of SOC, SON, DOC, DON, TN, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N in different treatment soils were significantly different across crop seasons(P<0.05). The average contents of DON in soils irrigated with RW are significantly higher than that in soils irrigated with FW (P<0.05). Fertilization increased the SOC, SON, DON, TN, and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N contents in the soils significantly (P<0.05). No significant interaction between irrigation and fertilization on the soil SOC, SON, DOC, DON, TN, NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N, and NH<inf>4</inf><sup>+</sup>-N contents. the DON content in the soils irrigated with RW was average 8.33% significantly higher than in the soils irrigated with FW (P<0.05). The SOC, SON, DON, TN and NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N contents in the soils fertilized with inorganic N was on average 8.35%, 10.13%, 11.75%, 11.60% and 92.99% significantly higher, respectively, than that in the soils fertilized with no nitrogen (P<0.05). Soil bacterial biomass under different treatments ranged from 9.59 to 12.18 nmol/g. The soil actinobacterial biomass values under different treatments ranged from 1.01 to 1.24 nmol/g. The soil G+ bacterial biomass values under different treatments were 6.10- 6.73 nmol/g. Compared with FW and RW irrigation significantly increased the soil bacterial, actinobacterial, and gram-positive (G+) bacterial biomasses and total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) by 7.60%, 10.48%, 4.97% and 4.88%, respectively. N fertilization significantly increased soil bacterial biomass by 13.42%-17.34% and increased the total PLFAs by 8.12%-11.19%. Compared with FW, RW irrigation did not significantly increase soil urease, catalase and invertase activities. N fertilization did not significantly increase soil urease, catalase and invertase activities. Soil microbes and enzymes were more active in the soils fertilized with slow-release urea. These results indicate that actinobacteria and G+ bacteria grew more quickly and could more efficiently utilize the DON introduced by the RW and that the soil bacteria could more efficiently utilize NO<inf>3</inf><sup>-</sup>-N introduced by the fertilizers than the other microbes. RW irrigation and slow-release urea fertilization were more effective to increase the soil microbes and enzymes. For better soil quality, higher yields and save water resources, drip irrigation with RW under slow-release urea fertilization was recommended for summer maize-winter wheat crop rotation.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:63
Main heading:Soil quality
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Biomass - Crops - Enzymes - Fatty acids - Irrigation - Metabolism - Nitrogen fertilizers - Phospholipids - Sulfur compounds - Urea - Water - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Different treatments - Enzymatic activities - Experimental stations - Invertase activity - Irrigation waters - Phospholipid fatty acids - Soil microbial biomass - Urea fertilization
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.00e+00yr, Molality 1.01e-06mol/kg to 1.24e-06mol/kg, Molality 6.10e-06mol/kg to 6.73e-06mol/kg, Molality 9.59e-06mol/kg to 1.22e-05mol/kg, Percentage 1.01e+01%, Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 1.16e+01%, Percentage 1.18e+01%, Percentage 1.34e+01% to 1.73e+01%, Percentage 4.88e+00%, Percentage 4.97e+00%, Percentage 7.60e+00%, Percentage 8.12e+00% to 1.12e+01%, Percentage 8.33e+00%, Percentage 8.35e+00%, Percentage 9.30e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.014
Funding details: Number: 2017M610906, Acronym: -, Sponsor: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation;Number: 51679239, Acronym: NSFC, Sponsor: National Natural Science Foundation of China;
Funding text:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51679239), The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M610906).
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 28>
Accession number:20201608479730
Title:Development of double-channel feeding harvester for ratoon rice
Title of translation:双通道喂入式再生稻收获机研制
Authors:Fu, Jianwei (1, 2); Zhang, Guozhong (1, 2); Xie, Gan (1, 2); Wang, Yang (1, 2); Gao, Yuan (1, 2); Zhou, Yong (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and rural affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Guozhong(zhanggz@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:11-20
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:As one of the rice varieties, ratoon rice has the advantages of making full use of temperature and light resources, saving seed, labor, water and pesticide, improving land use efficiency, increasing production and income. The first crop of ratoon rice is often harvested in wet and soft soil and requests high stubble and low rolling rate and degree. However, the rolling rate of common harvester is as high as 40%-50%, which seriously affects the yield of ratoon rice, resulting in significant reduction of economic benefits of ratoon rice production. According to the needs of mechanized harvest and low rolling rate of first crop of ratoon rice, a double-channel feeding harvester for ratoon rice was designed according to the growth characteristics of ratoon rice based on previous researches and theoretical methods proposed by the research group. The machine was mainly composed of a tracked chassis, a header, two sets of threshing and cleaning devices and straw crushers which were bilateral symmetry, a grain bin, an engine and transmission system, and the harvester could realize the process of straw separating, plant-poking, cutting, transporting, threshing, cleaning, straw crushing, grain transporting, grain holding and grain unloading in one time. Compared with the common harvester, by adopting the structure that two sets of working parts share one walking chassis, the weight of the double- channel feeding harvester for ratoon rice was reduce and the damage degree of rolling on the rice stubble was low. According to the harvest rolling model of ratoon rice harvester, the structural parameters were set as the cutting width was 3 000 mm, the track gauge was 1 500 mm, the track width was 400 mm and the grounding length was 1 800 mm. A special header with two channels was designed, which shortened the distance of straw transportation, mitigated the blocking of header, and effectively balanced the power consumption and reduced the vibration by transferring the power separately. Two sets of independent telescopic finger mechanism was adopted which could avoid deformation due to long eccentric shaft, and it was determined that the initial circumferential angle of the two spiral blades in the middle of the two-way spiral conveyor was 180° based on the theoretical analysis. To ensure that the long straw after threshing and cleaning was crushed and scattered to the harvested area, by analyzing the scattering range of straw crusher, it was ascertained that the inclination angle of the outer plate of the tail plate was 8.2°, the inclination angle of the inner plate was 6°, and the angle between the upper cover plate and the vertical direction was 63°. Longitudinal axial threshing cylinder was adopted for threshing. Through analyzing the rolling rate and productivity, it was determined that the available volume of grain bin was 1.5 m³, which could hold 900 kg grain. Harvesting performance was tested according to relevant standards, the major performance evaluation indicators consisted of working speed, feeding rate, loss rate, impurity rate, crushing rate and productivity. The PL60 4LZT-6.0ZC1 harvester of ZOOMLION was used as a contrast. It was suggested from the field test that this machine had stable performance and smooth operation. The tail straw crusher could guide the broken straw into the rolling area, the working speed could reach 0.8 m/s, the feeding rate was 4.6 kg/s, the total loss rate was 2.1%, the impurity rate was 0.4% and the crushing rate was 0.2%. The straight rolling rate was as low as 26.7%, which was 16.2% lower than that of the contrast. The yield of ratoon rice in the first season was 10 175.4 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, the yield in the second season was 6 013.5 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, and the total yield in the first and second season was 16 188.9 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. In control area harvested by the common harvester, the yield of ratoon rice in the first season was 10 175.4 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, the yield in the second season was 4 854.6 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, and the total yield in the first and second season was 15 030 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. Compared with the common harvester, the yield increased by 23.9% (1 158.9 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>) in the second crop harvested by the double-channel feeding harvester. This research could provide valuable reference for the research and extension of ratoon rice mechanical harvesting technology in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Chassis - Cleaning - Crops - Crushers - Crushing - Economics - Electric power transmission - Feeding - Harvesters - Harvesting - Land use - Plates (structural components) - Productivity - Unloading
Uncontrolled terms:Circumferential angles - Evaluation indicators - Growth characteristic - Increasing production - Land use efficiency - Middle and lower reaches of yangtze rivers - Structural parameter - Transmission systems
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components - 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 971 Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Mass 9.00e+02kg, Mass_Flow_Rate 4.60e+00kg/s, Percentage 1.62e+01%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 2.10e+00%, Percentage 2.67e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01% to 5.00e+01%, Percentage 4.00e-01%, Size 1.50e+00m, Size 1.80e+00m, Size 3.00e+00m, Size 4.00e-01m, Velocity 8.00e-01m/s, Volume 1.50e+00m3
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 29>
Accession number:20201608479767
Title:Response of new bands in GF-6 to land use/cover based on linear spectral mixture analysis model
Title of translation:利用光谱混合分解模型分析GF-6新增波段对土地利用/覆被的响应
Authors:Sun, Minxuan (1); Liu, Ming (1); Sun, Qiangqiang (1); Zhang, Ping (1); Jiao, Xin (1); Sun, Danfeng (1); Shi, Yunyang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China
Corresponding author:Sun, Danfeng(sundf@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:244-253
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The pressure of natural resource management and ecological environment monitoring is increasingly prominent. It is urgent to give full play to the advantages of remote sensing data to assist the natural resources management. The application capability of domestic satellites needs further excavation. GF-6 is a newly launched satellite belonging to China High Resolution Earth Observation System, which has the advantages of large angle, high frequency and new spectrum. CF-6 is one of the few satellites with eight bands in the visible and near-infrared spectrum. A control experiment was designed for the test of new bands of GF-6 based on methods of linear spectral mixing analysis (LSMA) model, decision tree and correlation analysis. The complete spectral space was reconstructed into four scenarios: the original spectral space (S1), the lack of red-edge band scenario (S2), the lack of yellow-band scenario (S3) and the lack of purple-band scenario (S4). All the research work was based on endmember (EM) fraction maps, which were generated from LSMA. In order to obtain the endmember fraction maps accurately, we employed the principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the data dimensions, and determined four endmembers (Green vegetation, GV; Substrate, SU; Dark material, DA and Water, WA) though the result of PCA and the status of local Land use/cover. After that, the contribution of new bands to endmember fraction maps was judged by correlation analysis between the add-bands and each endmember fraction maps. Finally, the decision tree classification was used to observe the classification results in scenarios and draw the final conclusion. In addition, we also compared the application ability of GF-6 with OLI and Sentinel-2 with LSMA model. Through the four situation's experiments, we came to conclusions as follow. The results of all three methods show that the red-edge band is sensitive to vegetation, which can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of vegetation. Besides, the result of LSMA model indicates that the red-edge band also contributes to the applicability and stability of the LSMA model. The result of correlation analysis shows that violet band and yellow band have strong correlation with substrate, therefore contributing to the classification of urban interior facilities; but they have an inverse correlation with vegetation. The yellow band and red-edge1 band may cause classification errors in mapping of large area. The significance of this study lies in it founds a variety of response characteristics of new bands in GF-6 to land use/cover. And the conclusion of this study will not only provide a robust support for natural resources supervision and ecological protection in our country, but also witness the great progress made by Chinese satellites.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Principal component analysis
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Decision trees - Ecology - Information management - Infrared devices - Land use - Natural resources management - Near infrared spectroscopy - Remote sensing - Satellites - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Application capability - Decision tree classification - Earth observation systems - Ecological environments - Linear spectral mixture analysis - Natural resource management - Response characteristic - Visible and near infrared
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 655.2 Satellites - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 961 Systems Science
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 30>
Accession number:20201608479848
Title:Registration algorithm for agricultural aviation remote sensing image based on point feature detection
Title of translation:基于点特征检测的农业航空遥感图像配准算法
Authors:Lu, Jianqiang (1, 2); Li, Wangzhi (1); Lan, Yubin (1, 2); He, Binghong (1); Lin, Jiahan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electronic Engineering, South China agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) National Precision Agriculture International Joint Research Center of Aerial Application Technology, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author:Lan, Yubin(ylan@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:71-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:How to achieve fast and accurate image stitching to obtain large-area, high-resolution aerial remote sensing images is a key problem in the field of image mosaic research. Aiming at the problems of poor matching accuracy and slow registration speed in the current UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) remote sensing image registration algorithm, based on the point feature detection method and the matrix dimensionality reduction processing method, an improved algorithm SNS (scale-invariant feature transform and singular value decomposition) algorithm, which is suitable for the registration of agricultural aviation remote sensing images was proposed in this paper. SNS algorithm detects the extreme value point of scale, the characteristics of the scale for the feature points, use hessian matrix to eliminate the false feature points to precise positioning feature points. Therefore, SNS algorithm can simultaneously detect the coordinates of feature points and feature dimension. The advantage of SNS algorithm lies in the singular value decomposition and reconstruction of the image, which will reduce the feature points of the reconstructed image, especially the feature points that are not important or obvious, so as to reduce the unnecessary calculation amount of finding feature matching pairs and improve the registration speed and accuracy. SNS algorithm uses SVD method for matrix decomposition, realizing data dimensionality re-reconstruction, compressing data volume, and the overall registration accuracy is improved as well. The experimental image consists of the reference image of infrared remote sensing image collected by UAV, the original image, and five images which is registered after affine transformation from the original image, the reference image resolution is 640 × 512, the original image resolution is 640 × 512, scale-up image resolution is 950 × 760, scale-down image resolution is 400 × 320, the resolution of rotated original image by 30° is 811 × 764, rotated by 30° and scale-up image resolution is 1000 × 942, rotated by 30° and scale-down image resolution is 500 × 471. SIFT, SNS, SURF (speed-up robust features) and Harris algorithms are selected to run 100 times for comparison and analysis. The results show that harris algorithm is suitable for image registration with little scale change and small rotation angle, but cannot complete registration in the case of small scale change or overlap area, so it is limited in the registration of agricultural aerial remote sensing images. SURF algorithm combines the characteristics of integral image and window filter, and has the advantage of fast registration speed, however, because of using approximate Gaussian filter and approximate gradient method to improve the registration speed at the expense of registration accuracy, it is not suitable in agricultural aviation remote sensing image registration with attention to registration accuracy. SNS and SIFT algorithm can be used for image registration in various cases. And the registration speed of SNS algorithm is 5.01% faster than SIFT algorithm, and the RMSE ( root mean squared error )of SNS algorithm is reduced by 10.48%. In order to further compare the processing efficiency of SIFT algorithm and SNS algorithm, multiple remote sensing images test is carried out. The test image data set consists of 160 drone 50 m low-altitude remote sensing images, each with a resolution of 437 × 800. The collection area is about 3.13 hm<sup>2</sup>. Each algorithm runs 50 times and record the registration time. The experimental results show that the total registration time of SNS algorithm is 10.34% less than that of SIFT algorithm, which shows that the registration speed of SNS algorithm in this experiment is better than SIFT algorithm. Obviously, SNS algorithm has the advantages of fast speed and high precision in the registration of agricultural aerial remote sensing images, which can provide useful guidance for intelligent agriculture to obtain large-area agricultural regional images quickly and accurately for field management, crop management, pest management, yield prediction and other applications.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Image enhancement
Controlled terms:Agricultural robots - Air navigation - Aircraft detection - Antennas - Crops - Dimensionality reduction - Feature extraction - Gradient methods - Image registration - Image resolution - Mean square error - Processing - Remote sensing - Rotation - Singular value decomposition - Speed - Statistical tests - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms:Affine transformations - Comparison and analysis - Infrared remote sensing - Registration accuracy - Registration algorithms - Root mean squared errors - Scale invariant feature transforms - UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle)
Classification code:431.5 Air Navigation and Traffic Control - 652.1 Aircraft, General - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.4 Manufacturing - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.03e+01%, Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 5.01e+00%, Size 5.00e+01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 31>
Accession number:20201608479756
Title:Application of electronic nose in detection of cotton bollworm infestation at an early stage
Title of translation:电子鼻技术在棉花早期棉铃虫虫害检测中的应用
Authors:Dai, Yuting (1); Zhou, Bo (2); Wang, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng; 224051, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Jun(jwang@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:313-320
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Cotton bollborm is one of the main pests of cotton. Cotton is under threat of yield loss and poor quality because of the cotton bollworm. However, cotton bolworms tend to hide in the cotton plants so that there are limitations for conventional detection methods, such as acoustic signal method, image recognition method and spectral imaging technology. A lot of researches have shown that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by plants will change when they are attacked by pests. So it is possible to get the cotton bollworm damage information by detecting the volatiles. Currently, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) can accurately detect the composition and content of volatile matter. However, this method has some disadvantages in practical application, such as time-consuming, high cost and inconvenience. The electronic nose is composed of sensor array, which is an instrument to analyze, identify and detect most of the volatiles. In this study, electronic nose was used to detect the cotton plants infested with cotton bollworm of different amounts at an early stage. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cotton were analyzed by GC-MS. The plant height of cotton used in the study was 50-70 cm, and the boll period was about 12 weeks. Cotton bollworms used in the study were at second-instar. The VOCs emitted by the undamaged and damaged cotton plants detected by GC-MS were different, which indicated that electronic nose had potential in the application of cotton bollworm detection. The curve of electronic nose sensor was obtained for cotton plants infected by different numbers of cotton bollworm. Then five kinds of feature parameters were extracted from the curves of electronic nose sensors : stable value, area value, mean differential value, wavelet energy value and the coefficients of the fitted quadratic polynomial function. Feature parameters were selected based on three kinds of neural network methods: multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), radial basis neural network (RBFNN) and extreme learning machine (ELM). Then stable value, area value and mean differential value were selected because of their better classification performance among the five kinds of feature parameters. Multiple-features were combinations of single-features. The classification analysis was carried out based on multiple-features and three kinds of neural network methods. And support vector machine regression (SVR) models were established based on single-features and multiple-features, respectively. The results showed that the classification performance of multiple-features was better than that of single-features. The classification performance was best based on "stable value and mean differential value" features and ELM. The classification accuracy of training set and test set based on "stable value and mean differential value" features were both 100%. The regression models based on multiple-features were better than that based on single-features. And the regression model was the best based on "area value and mean differential value" features. The coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the regression model based on the training set of "area value and mean differential value" were 0.994 0 and 0.086 0. The R<sup>2</sup> and RMSE of the regression model based on the test set of "area value and mean differential value" were 0.923 0 and 0.370 9. The results show that feature election and multiple-features can improve the classification performance of the electronic nose for infested cotton plants. It can be concluded that electronic nose has strong potential for the application of detection of cotton plants infested with cotton bollworm at an early stage.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Classification (of information)
Controlled terms:Cotton - Damage detection - Electronic nose - Electronic voting - Image recognition - Imaging techniques - Learning systems - Mean square error - Multilayer neural networks - Spectroscopy - Support vector machines - Support vector regression - Volatile organic compounds
Uncontrolled terms:Classification performance - Coefficient of determination - Gas chromatograph mass spectrometers - Multi layer perceptron neural networks (MLPNN) - Quadratic polynomial functions - Radial basis neural networks - Spectral imaging technology - Support vector machine regression (SVR)
Classification code:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 746 Imaging Techniques - 801 Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Age 2.30e-01yr, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Size 5.00e-01m to 7.00e-01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 32>
Accession number:20201608479854
Title:Effects of freeze-thaw cycles and zeolite blending on black soil physical properties
Title of translation:冻融循环与沸石掺配对黑土物理性质的影响
Authors:Zhang, Xiao (1); Ma, Yuanyuan (1); Li, Xinyuan (1); Zhang, Fan (1); Ji, Xiaodong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author:Ji, Xiaodong(jixiaodong@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:144-151
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The freeze-thaw cycle is one of the causes of soil erosion in the black soil region of Northeast China. The application of soil conditioner is an effective way to reduce soil erosion. Natural zeolite is an environmentally friendly material and soil conditioner with a wide range of sources, low prices, non-toxic or harm. In this study, the black soil of the Songliao Plain of Northeast China was taken as the research object. Random sampling was carried out at multiple sites in the experimental farmland. Soil moisture content was determined by drying method. The samples of black soil were dried after debris removal. According to the percentage of aggregates of different grain sizes, the soil was reconstructed after sieving. The natural zeolite and the black soil were thoroughly stirred and mixed according to the mass ratio of 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, then the mixed soil samples were used for pot experiment and soil column. The potted soil and soil column were placed in a temperature-adjustable freezer to simulate the freeze-thaw cycle. The initial soil water content of potted soil and soil column was 22.5%, which was consistent with the soil water content of cultivated land when soil was sampled. In this study, freeze-thaw cycles were controlled for 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 times, and the same proportion of zeolite mixed with black soil was repeated twice under the same freeze-thaw cycles. The effects of freeze-thaw cycles and zeolite blending on black soil physical indices were studied by comparing the black soil without freeze-thaw cycles or without zeolite blending. Soil physical indexes include soil bulk density, soil total porosity, soil pore distribution, and soil cohesion force and soil internal friction angle. Soil bulk density was measured by ring knife method, soil total porosity was calculated by empirical formula, and soil pore distribution was measured by vacuum freeze-drying and mercury intrusion meter method. Soil cohesion force and soil internal friction angle were determined by triaxial shear test. All indicators were averaged by two repetitions. The research shows that: 1) For the black soil without zeolite addition, freeze-thaw cycles increase soil bulk density, soil cohesion force, micropore and sub-macropore, decrease soil total porosity, soil internal friction angle, mesopore, macropore and average pore diameter. Zeolite blending can reduce the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on soil physical indexes except soil internal friction angle. The larger proportion of zeolite, the more obvious effect of reducing the effect of freeze-thaw cycles. 2) For the black soil that has not experienced freeze-thaw cycles, soil bulk density, soil cohesion force, soil internal friction angle, soil micropores increase, soil total porosity, mesopores and average the pore diameter decreases after zeolite blending. The effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the effect of zeolite-modified black soil will have a negative impact. However, as the zeolite blending ratio increases, the effect of freeze-thaw cycles weakens. This study can lay a foundation for the follow-up study of soil freeze-thaw cycle, and also provide a reference for soil improvement in the black soil region of Northeast China.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:56
Main heading:Soil testing
Controlled terms:Blending - Erosion - Freezing - Internal friction - Microporosity - Soil conditioners - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Thawing - Zeolites
Uncontrolled terms:Black soil region of northeast chinas - Empirical formulas - Freeze-thaw cycles - Internal friction angle - Soil bulk density - Soil water content - Tri-axial shear tests - Vacuum-freeze drying
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.25e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 33>
Accession number:20201608479769
Title:Design and implementation of information tracing platform for crop whole industry chain based on CSBFT-Blockchain
Title of translation:基于CSBFT区块链的农作物全产业链信息溯源平台设计
Authors:Ren, Shougang (1, 2, 3); He, Ziming (1); Zhou, Zhengji (1); Gu, Xingjian (1); Xiong, Yingjun (1); Yuan, Peisen (1); Xu, Huanliang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210095, China; (2) Nanjing Agricultural University National Engineering and Technology Center for Infomation Agriculture, Nanjing; 210095, China; (3) Jiangsu Collaborative Center for the Technology and Application of Internet of Things, Nanjing; 210023, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Huanliang(huanliangxu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:279-286
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The safety of agricultural products concerns people's health. To ensure food safety and accountability, it is crucial to establish a credible food traceability system. The blockchain technology can greatly improve the integrity, security and credibility of traceability information of traditional agricultural product traceability system, thanks to its properties such as decentralization, non-tamperability and information traceability. This paper proposes an improved blockchain consensus algorithm, based on the Credit-Supervisor Byzantine Fault Tolerance (CSBFT). It mainly includes credit update strategy and supervisor node selection strategy. Various credit update strategies are formulated according to the node types and whether they can actively forward a message, and then the supervisor node selection strategies are made based on the credit of the node. The CSBFT algorithm uses the supervisor to monitor the behavior of the master node to prevent problems such as sending different messages to different nodes; while the consensus mechanism of centralized nodes and distributed nodes can improve the supervisory node generating efficiency because the master node does not need to be generated cyclically and it can choose a more reliable node as a supervisory node according to the supervisory node selection strategy. To prove the effectiveness of CSBFT algorithm, the paper uses the common transfer transaction information as experimental data and the experiments were repeated ten times to compare the consensus delays of PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance), MBFT and CSBFT with the transaction numbers of 5, 10, 20 and 50 respectively. The average of 10 repeated experiments is used as the final statistical value and the result proves that CSBFT has higher robustness, lower consensus delay and higher safety. This paper studied and analyzed the information flow of the whole industrial chain of crops from agricultural product purchase, planting management, processing and production, logistics and transportation to grain sales, to build a blockchain alliance chain based on CSBFT. It analyzed, designed and realized the whole industrial chain information traceability platform based on embedded CSBFT, via object-oriented software engineering method. The platform can automatically save the key up-chain information through pre-designed smart contracts to generate corresponding traceability codes for consumers to query. Compared with the traditional food traceability system, the CSBFT algorithm endows the platform with higher security and less delay in information chaining. Future research on data privacy protection will be conducted. To protect the data privacy, users of various levels in the whole industrial chain hesitate to share their data. Therefore, how to collect and share the information without leaking the private data is the future research direction.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Data privacy
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Agricultural robots - Blockchain - Crops - Fault tolerance - Food safety - Object oriented programming - Safety engineering - Software engineering - Supervisory personnel
Uncontrolled terms:Byzantine fault tolerance - Data privacy protections - Design and implementations - Food traceability systems - Future research directions - Logistics and transportations - Object-oriented software engineering - Traceability information
Classification code:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 723.1 Computer Programming - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 912.4 Personnel - 914 Safety Engineering
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 34>
Accession number:20201608479734
Title:Calculating the fishing effort of longline fishing vessel in the western and central pacific ocean using AIS
Title of translation:采用AIS计算中西太平洋延绳钓渔船捕捞努力量
Authors:Yang, Shenglong (1, 2); Zhang, Shengmao (1, 2); Zhou, Weifeng (1, 2); Cui, Xuesen (1, 2); Zhang, Bianbian (1, 2); Fan, Wei (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai; 200090, China; (2) Key and Open Laboratory of Remote Sensing Information Technology in Fishing Resource, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai; 200090, China
Corresponding author:Fan, Wei(fanwee@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:198-203
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In order to provide relevant information for natural resource management, impact assessment and marine spatial planning, high-resolution estimation of longline fishing gear is needed. Because the use of satellite vessel monitoring system (VMS) data is limited by data access and receiving offshore ship location information. In this paper, based on the data of automatic identification system (AIS) and logbook data of Chinese longline fishing from October to November 2017, a model of fishing detection based on support vector machine (SVM) learning method is established to classify the fishing and non fishing activities in the central and Western Pacific Ocean, to carry out longline fishing and draw fishing effort map in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. Before constructing a fishing detection model, each AIS point was classified and pre-labeled as potential fishing and non-fishing events by an expert based on information on information on fisheries characteristics as obtained from literature, analysis of the tracks and logbook data. The performance of the fishing detection model was evaluated by the overall accuracy, precision, sensibility and specificity. Fishing intensities were computed from the known fishing positions and the estimated fishing positions were compared with correlation coefficient. The spatial correlation coefficient of fishing intensities and catch data was computed to quantify the extent to which the distribution of longline vessels describes tuna distribution. The results showed that the overall accuracy and the Kappa coefficient of the model training dataset were 95.24% and 0.9, respectively. The precision, sensibility and specificity were 94.74%, 93.44%, 96.56%, respectively. The overall accuracy and the Kappa coefficient of the model testing dataset were 93.85% and 0.87 respectively. The precision, sensibility and specificity were 93.49%, 90.67%, 95.91%, respectively. Then the constructed model was used to identify all the AIS data for 12 longline fishing vessels in the Western and Central Pacific in October and November 2017, with an overall accuracy rate of 83.3% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.67. The precision, sensibility and specificity were 82.33%, 88.32%, and 77.27%, respectively. The longline fishing distinct in October and November 2017 mainly located in 168°E-173°E, 12°S-18°S, and there were three obvious high fishing intensity areas on the map. The spatial distribution of fishing effort was significantly different between October and November. The distribution of fishing intensity in November was closer to the island than in October and the value of fishing intensity in October was lower than November. The fishing intensity information based on the SVM model and logbook data records was highly correlated (r>0.98). The spatial distribution characteristics of the fishing effort of the fishing vessel identified by the SVM model were similar to the known fishing positions. But the fishing intensities were calculated from known fishing positions was higher than that of estimated fishing positions. The spatial correlation coefficients of cumulative fishing effort and catch per unit of effort (CPUE), catch tail, catch weight and number of hooks were 0.68, 0.93, 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. The fishing capacity of fishing vessels based on AIS information mining can also be used as an alternative method for fishery resource analysis.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Fishing vessels
Controlled terms:Automatic identification - Fisheries - Information management - Labeled data - Learning systems - Natural resources management - Oceanography - Offshore oil well production - Spatial distribution - Statistical tests - Support vector machines
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic identification system - Correlation coefficient - Distribution characteristics - High resolution estimation - Marine Spatial Planning - Natural resource management - Spatial correlation coefficients - Vessel monitoring systems
Classification code:471.1 Oceanography, General - 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations - 674.1 Small Marine Craft - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.73e+01%, Percentage 8.23e+01%, Percentage 8.33e+01%, Percentage 8.83e+01%, Percentage 9.07e+01%, Percentage 9.34e+01%, Percentage 9.35e+01%, Percentage 9.38e+01%, Percentage 9.47e+01%, Percentage 9.52e+01%, Percentage 9.59e+01%, Percentage 9.66e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 35>
Accession number:20201608479776
Title:Design and test of automatic cuttage device for arched shed
Title of translation:拱棚自动插架装置设计与试验
Authors:Liu, Ping (1); Wang, Chunying (1); Qin, Hongzheng (1); Hou, Jialin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Laboratory, Tai'an; 271018, China
Corresponding author:Hou, Jialin(jlhou@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:21-29
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In modern agricultural production, the arched shed is more and more widely used in vegetable cultivation and seedling breeding. The arched shed is mainly built by manual. At present, the agricultural demand of arched shed width is about 0.8-1.5 m, and the height of arched shed is about 0.4-1 m. In order to improve the mechanization and automation level and the efficiency in the process of building arched shed, automatic cuttage device of arched shed was designed in this paper. Automatic cuttage device of arched shed was mainly composed of hydraulic transmission system, arm bending, crank slide mechanism, and tent pole cuttage mechanism. The hydraulic transmission system was the power source of the device. According to the technical requirements of building the arched shed and the conditions for the existence of crank, the structural optimization design of the crank slider mechanism was carried out, which was the critical component of automatic cuttage device of arched shed. When the length of the crank was 230 mm, the length of the connecting rod was 220 mm, and the eccentricity was 220 mm, the best force transmission effect and the movement efficiency were achieved. In addition,, the motion analysis of the crank slider mechanism was carried out. The initial angle and the maximum position angle of the crank were determined as 132° and 30°, respectively. The bending arm was designed to bend the shed rod, and at the same time to ensure that the shed rod vertical into the soil. The stress analysis of the rod in the initial state was simulated with different place of application of force, which is the different distance between the end of the bending platen and both ends of the rod. The closer this distance is, the greater the deformation will be. Therefore, the total bending arm length was set to be 44 cm, of which the length of bending platen was 7 cm. The thin and soft skeleton of the arched shed was covered with a flexible plastic film on the outside of the structure, which is more sensitive to the wind load. It is particularly important to ensure the wind resistance of the arch canopy. The wind resistance of small arch shed was analyzed by ANSYS, and it was found that the wind resistance of arched shed was the best when the ratio of frame width to frame length was between 0.60-0.66. The key parameters such as the height of the roof from the top of the shed, the width of arbor and the depth of shed insert soil were measured. The average buried depth was 15.23 cm, and the stability coefficient was 97.86%. The average height and width of the tunnel were 56.19 cm and 93.85 cm respectively, the stability coefficient of them were 99%. Combined with the agricultural demand, the errors were within the allowable range. The correctness of the optimized design, the feasibility of the solution and the stability of the machine operation are further verified.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Arches
Controlled terms:Agricultural robots - Bridge cables - Cultivation - Efficiency - Electric power transmission - Slideways - Stress analysis - Structural optimization - Transmissions
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Crank slider mechanisms - Force transmission - Movement efficiencies - Stability coefficient - Structural optimization design - Technical requirement - Vegetable cultivation
Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 603.2 Machine Tool Accessories - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.79e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%, Size 1.52e-01m, Size 2.20e-01m, Size 2.30e-01m, Size 4.00e-01m to 1.00e+00m, Size 4.40e-01m, Size 5.62e-01m, Size 7.00e-02m, Size 8.00e-01m to 1.50e+00m, Size 9.39e-01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 36>
Accession number:20201608479852
Title:Analysis of differentiation effect of surface thermal environment in intensive mining areas based on NDVI-DFI model
Title of translation:基于NDVI-DFI的矿业开发密集区地表热环境分异效应分析
Authors:Hou, Chunhua (1); Li, Fuping (1, 2, 3); Feng, Yifan (4); Gu, Haihong (1, 2, 3); Yuan, Xuetao (1); Song, Wen (1, 5); Liu, Huixin (6)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan; 063210, China; (2) Hebei Key Laboratory of Mining Developmeng and Security Technology, Tangshan; 063210, China; (3) Hebei Industrial Technology Institute of Mine Ecological Remediation, Tangshan; 063210, China; (4) Yusense Information Technology and Equipment (Qingdao) Co., Ltd., Qingdao; 266109, China; (5) Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100101, China; (6) North China University of Science and Technology Library, Tangshan; 063210, China
Corresponding author:Li, Fuping(18603158003@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:160-168
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Currently, the dimidiate pixel model is used in most studies to discuss vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) and explore its relationship with urban heat islands. Few studies have used the three-component pixel model to invert vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) and discuss the relationship between VFC and the differentiation effect of the surface thermal environment in mining-intensive areas. In this study, VFC was inverted based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)-dry fuel index (DFI) three-component pixel model using Landsat satellite remote sensing images from 2000 to 2018. Mixed pixels were decomposed into photosynthetic vegetation (PV), non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV), and bare soil (BS). The radiative transfer equation (RTE) was used to invert the surface temperature. The basic principle of this method is to remove the atmospheric influence and use the atmospheric radiation transfer equation; surface heat radiation intensity observed by the satellite is converted to the corresponding surface temperature. The parameters involved are mainly atmospheric profile parameters and surface specific emissivity. Heat-island index (HI) was used to grade the mean LST of the 2000-2018 study area. The relationship between the spatial-temporal changes in VFC and the differentiation effect of the surface thermal environment in the study area was analyzed using hierarchical statistics, a red-blue difference image method, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. On this basis, the influence mechanism of spatial-temporal variation in the VFC on the differentiation effect of surface thermal environment was studied. The results showed that the NDVI-DFI feature space of the study area conformed to the basic assumption of the three-component pixel model. The correlation matrix showed that there was a strong correlation between the changes in land surface temperature (LST) and VFC (the fractional cover of PV, fractional cover of NPV, and fractional cover of BS) from 2000 to 2018. The study areas of the fractional cover of PV, fractional cover of NPV, and fractional cover of BS have large overlap with the high, medium and low temperature regions in the LST eighteen-year mean distribution map based on the thermal field variation index, which indicates that the spatial distribution of vegetation coverage affects the surface temperature space to some extent. The correlations between f<inf>PV, </inf> f<inf>NPV</inf>, f<inf>BS</inf> and LST were -0.81, 0.72, and 0.90 respectively, which indicated that changes in VFC had a significant impact on LST. The degree of influence of f<inf>PV</inf>, f<inf>NPV</inf>, and f<inf>BS</inf> changes on LST for the 19 years is ranked as f<inf>BS</inf>>f<inf>PV</inf>>f<inf>NPV</inf>. The regression analysis was between the vegetation fractional coverage and the surface temperature of the township administrative unit scale in the areas with intensive mining development. The results showed that f<inf>PV</inf>, f<inf>NPV</inf>, and f<inf>BS</inf> were very significant negative correlation (P<0.01), no significant positive correlation (P<0.01), and very significant positive correlation (P<0.01) with LST, respectively. To be specific, the land surface temperature (LST) decreased 0.52℃ with every 10% increase of f<inf>PV.</inf> It increased 0.61℃ and 0.98℃ respectively as the 10% increase of f<inf>NPV</inf> and f<inf>BS.</inf> The results provided a quantitative reference for the improvement of the surface thermal environment in mining-intensive areas.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:48
Main heading:Atmospheric temperature
Controlled terms:Atmospheric radiation - Damage detection - Land surface temperature - Landforms - Pixels - Regression analysis - Remote sensing - Surface measurement - Surface properties - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Hierarchical statistics - Low temperature regions - Non-photosynthetic vegetation - Normalized difference vegetation index - Radiation transfer equations - Radiative Transfer Equation(RTE) - Spatial-temporal changes - Thermal field variation
Classification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 481.1 Geology - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.90e+01yr, Percentage 1.00e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 37>
Accession number:20201608479774
Title:Evaluation index system and empirical analysis of rural revitalization level
Title of translation:乡村振兴水平评价指标体系构建及实证
Authors:Shen, Jianbo (1); Wang, Yingkuan (1, 2); Zhu, Ming (1, 2); Wang, Ken (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China; (2) Chinese Society of Agricultural Engieering, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Shandong Feicheng Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an; 271600, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Yingkuan(wangyingkuan@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:236-243
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Rural revitalization strategy is a hot topic in China. How to ensure the steady advancement of rural revitalization strategy and its effect of rural revitalization needs to evaluate the level of rural revitalization. Therefore, Construction of a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for rural rejuvenation level is of great significance for the monitoring and evaluation of rural rejuvenation level. This study uses five aspects indexes of prosperity of industry, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and wealthy life to construct a evaluation index system of rural revitalization level based on statistical analysis of the evaluation indexes in the literature and frequency analysis, combined with expert consultation and field surveys, and the indexes are comprehensive grain production capacity; agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate; agricultural labor productivity; proportion of agricultural mechanization; level of agricultural informatization; village green coverage; waste treatment rate; rural sanitary toilet penetration rate; days of air quality compliance;percentage of expenditure on education, culture and entertainment of rural residents; average years of education of rural population; proportion of full-time teachers with bachelor degree or above in primary and secondary schools; village affairs open rate; rural gini coefficient; rural governance villager participation rate; income ratio of urban and rural residents; engel coefficient of rural residents; and per capita disposable income of rural residents. An empirical study is carried out with 5 towns (Anzhuang, Wangzhuang, Taoyuan, Wenyang and Sunbo) in Feicheng City, Shandong Province. The weight of each evaluation index for the evaluation of the rural revitalization level of each township is determined based on the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi method. A comprehensive evaluation method is used to establish an evaluation model of rural revitalization level and calculate the rural revival level index of each township. The rural revitalization index of Anzhuang Town, Wangzhuang Town, Taoyuan Town, Wenyang Town and Sunbo Town are 0.850 7, 0.848 8, 0.844 2, 0.811 2, 0.781 0 respectively. Anzhuang Town, Wangzhuang Town, Taoyuan Town, and Wenyang Town have a relatively high level of rural revitalization. The rural revitalization level of Sunbo Town is lower than the above 4 towns and needs to be improved. In the context of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the research on the evaluation indexes and models of rural revitalization level is not only important for scientifically measuring the level of rural revitalization, but also for monitoring and early warning and correcting the level of rural revitalization, and it would play a positive role to promote the implementation of strategy.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:54
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Agricultural robots - Agriculture - Air quality - Endocrinology - Entertainment industry - Machinery - Population statistics - Productivity - Rural areas - Waste treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural mechanization - Agricultural science and technologies - Comprehensive evaluation - Culture and entertainments - Evaluation index system - Monitoring and evaluations - Primary and secondary schools - Urban and Rural Residents
Classification code:451.2 Air Pollution Control - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 38>
Accession number:20201608479851
Title:Optimization and experiment of planting perpendicularity of planetary wheel garlic planter
Title of translation:行星轮式大蒜插播机播种直立度优化与试验
Authors:Li, Tianhua (1, 2); Huang, Shenghai (3); Niu, Ziru (1, 2); Hou, Jialin (1, 2); Wu, Yanqiang (1, 2); Li, Yuhua (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence, Tai'an; 271018, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100089, China
Corresponding author:Hou, Jialin(jlhou@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:36
Issue:3
Issue date:February 1, 2020
Publication year:2020
Pages:37-45
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In the implantation process of garlic mechanized seeding, under the strong coupling among garlic seeds, soil and parts touching it, the verticality of adjusted garlic seeds is very easy to reduce again, thus affecting the final garlic output and garlic quality. How to ensure that garlic seeds are planted in an upward vertical direction has become a key technology to be solved. To solve this problem, this paper took the planetary wheel garlic planter designed in the early stage as the research object, introduced its structure and working principle in combination with the whole garlic planter, realized the adjustment of the opening and speed ratio of the inserting duckbill by processing the cams of different planters, and changed the opening phase angle of the inserting duckbill by adjusting the circumferential position of the cams installed in the machine. Based on the establishment of garlic inserting seed model and the analysis of the process, the tip motion equation of the duckbill was established and imported into CAXA software to generate the movement track. Through the analysis of the movement track under different parameters, it is clear that the key factors that affect the verticality of garlic seeds after planting are the linear speed of the inserting duckbill, the opening phase angle and the ratio of the opening angle of spigot duck's beak to the center angle corresponding to the cam convex section (the opening and speed ratio). In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis, a garlic planting test-bed was developed, and the indoor experiment of Cangshan garlic planting was carried out. Through the single factor experiment, it was determined that the value range of the linear speed of the duckbill was 200-500 mm/s, the range of the opening phase angle was 0-20°, and the range of the opening and speed ratio was 1-2. In order to obtain the optimal parameters of these three factors, the Box-Benhnken central composite test method was used to design the linear velocity, opening phase angle and opening velocity ratio of the spilt duck's beak by three factors and three levels quadratic regression test. The sowing test was carried out, and the response surface mathematical model was established by using Design-expert software. The key parameters affecting the verticality were comprehensively optimized. The optimal working parameters are as follows, the linear speed is 200 mm/s, the opening phase angle is 20°, the opening and speed ratio is 2. In order to verify the performance of the inserter using the optimized parameters, field experiments were carried out. The results showed that the average vertical degree of garlic seeds in the optimal parameter operation was 63.2°, which was 21.8% higher than that before. It not only met the requirements of garlic planting vertical degree, but also further improved the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, which improved the guarantee for large-scale mechanized vertical sowing of garlic.<br/> © 2020, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Agricultural robots - Cams - Equations of motion - Motion analysis - Software testing - Soil quality - Speed - Testing - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:Central composite - Implantation process - Indoor experiment - Optimized parameter - Quadratic regression - Single-factor experiments - Vertical direction - Working parameters
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 601.3 Mechanisms - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.2 Calculus
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.18e+01%, Velocity 2.00e-01m/s, Velocity 2.00e-01m/s to 5.00e-01m/s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.03.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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- 主管单位 中国科学技术协会
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- 主编 朱明
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