<RECORD 1>
Accession number:20200708184230
Title:Potential evaluation of rural residential consolidation in village scale of mountain region
Title of translation:高山区村域尺度农村居民点整理潜力测算研究
Authors:Zhang, Hongwei (1); Wang, Zhanqi (1); Li, Qiu (1); Mo, Qiuling (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Zhanqi(zhqwang@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:38-46
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to estimate the potential of rural residential consolidation in the village scale of the mountain region scientifically in order to improve the conversion rate of high-quality cultivated land and the level of land intensive use, which was supported by the results of cadastral survey in the sampling villages. Firstly, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to calculate the linear relationship between the value of the characteristic indices about houses containing all forms of the building structure and their auxiliary facilities and the value of the characteristic indices about the rural residents; Secondly, based on the existence of the linear relationship, a linear regression equation between the value of the characteristic indices about houses containing the form of the building structure that the poor lived in and their auxiliary facilities and the value of the characteristic indices about the rural residents was constructed by the partial least squares regression model, and the number of houses containing the form of the building structure that the poor lived in and their auxiliary facilities was estimated in every unit; Thirdly, based on the results of cadastral survey in the sampling villages, the average building area of houses containing the form of the building structure that the poor lived in and their auxiliary facilities were estimated, so as to measure the area of houses containing the form of the building structure that the poor lived in and their auxiliary facilities in every unit; Fourth, based on the willingness of farmers in the results of the survey, the houses containing the form of the building structure that the poor lived in and their auxiliary facilities were defined as the building structure form and the ancillary facilities that were suitable for consolidation, combined with the land idle rate, the final comprehensive potential of rural residential consolidation was calculated. The results showed that the potential area of the entire Yunyang area measured by the land idle rate method was 616.956 hm<sup>2</sup>, and the revised comprehensive potential was 1 661.248 hm<sup>2</sup>. The area compared with consolidation potential measured by the method of per capita construction land standard was still small, but compared with the traditional land idle rate method, the results have been improved significantly, and there was a feasible potential transformation path. In summary, in the process of calculating the potential of rural residential consolidation, this paper fully considered the actual needs of farmers and major national policies, therefore, there were policy support such as Targeted Poverty Alleviation, Rural Revitalization and farmers support in the process of potential transformation, which can accelerate the transformation of the potential and ensure the quality and quantity of transformation, which in turn serves the implementation of major national policies and strategies, and is a reliable path to realization. Also, it is possible to consolidate the idle land inside the rural residents into cultivated land, which reduces the possibility of cultivated land abandoning. On the other hand, from the microscopical level of the internal structure of rural residents in the administrative villages, the comprehensive potential of rural residents in every village, township, and entire research area can be measured, so it is possible to guide the large-scale calculation of the potential of rural residential consolidation according to the framework of this paper. Thus, the proposed potential measurement method has important reference value for the potential measurement in different scales.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Consolidation - Correlation methods - Houses - Land use - Least squares approximations - Regression analysis - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Building structure - Large-scale calculation - Linear regression equation - Partial least squares regression models - Pearson correlation coefficients - Potential transformations - Rural residents - Yunyang District
Classification code:402.3 Residences - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 2>
Accession number:20200708184242
Title:Pro-environmental disposal behavior of wastes from farmers' planting tea in Qinba mountains area
Title of translation:秦巴山区农户茶叶种植废弃物亲环境处理行为研究
Authors:Xue, Caixia (1); Yao, Shunbo (1); Li, Hua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:200-208
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:"Lucid water and lush mountains are invaluable assets", but the Qinba mountains area with "lucid water and lush mountains" is concentrated in poverty-stricken areas. Tea planting is an endogenous industry of " lucid water and lush mountains ", so it has become one of the important paths for farmers to alleviate poverty and become rich in Qinba mountains area. In recent years, the production capacity of tea has been enhanced, and the waste from planting tea has increased in Qinba mountains area. The farmers are "economic rationality", so they plant tea on the principle of economy over ecology. A large number of wastes have been disposed randomly, which has brought potential safety hazards to the ecological environment of Qinba mountains area. Encouraging farmers to conduct waste pro-environmental disposal will solve the problem. The environmental awareness is the basis of implementing waste pro-environmental disposal behavior for farmers. Based on consciousness-context-behavior model, using the survey data of 498 tea growers in Qinba mountains area, this paper uses the hierarchical regression to analyze the effect of farmers' environmental awareness on wastes pro-environmental disposal behavior, the interaction effects among the dimensions of environmental awareness and the moderator effect of behavior costs on the relationship between environmental awareness and waste pro-environmental disposal behavior, the moderator effect of the social norms is analyzed by the grouping regression. The results show that: first of all, the farmers' environmental attitude, environmental emotion and environmental responsibility have significant effects on the recycling behavior of chemical fertilizer and pesticide packaging (RBCFPP), while the environmental attitude and environmental emotion have an interactive effect. Secondly, the farmers' environmental attitude, environmental emotion, environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge have significant effect on the behavior of branches and leaves returning to the field (BBLRF), and there is an interactive effect between environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge. Thirdly, the behavior cost has a significant negative moderator effect on the relationship between farmers' environmental emotion and RBCFPPM, and it has a significant positive moderator effect on relationship between farmers' environmental knowledge and BBLRF. Fourthly, the social norms include descriptive social norms and imperative social norms. The social norms have a significant positive moderator effect on the relationship between farmers' environmental attitude and RBCFPP, farmers' environmental responsibility and RBCFPPM, while the descriptive social norms have a significant moderator effect on the relationship between farmers' environmental emotions and BBLRF. Based on this, we should not only improve farmers' perception of environmental problems, but also strengthen the environmental emotion to promote RBCFPPM. The government should advocate packaging material recycling. At the same time, the waste recycling stations should be set up, which will be reduce the cost of farmers' behavior of collecting chemical fertilizer and pesticides packaging for recycling. The government should encourage farmers by subsidies, and gradually cultivate farmers' awareness of waste recycling. The government should strengthen farmers' environmental responsibility and enrich farmers' environmental knowledge through various communication channels to promote BBLRF. It is necessary to restrain the burning of branches and leaves to create an atmosphere for returning branches and leaves to field.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Behavioral research - Ecology - Environmental protection - Fertilizers - Landforms - Moderators - Packaging - Packaging materials - Pesticides - Plants (botany) - Recycling - Tea - Waste disposal
Uncontrolled terms:Branches and leaves returning to field - Environmental attitudes - Environmental awareness - Environmental responsibility - Interaction effect - Plants - Potential safety hazards - Pro-environmental disposal behavior
Classification code:452.3 Industrial Wastes - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1 Geology - 694.1 Packaging, General - 694.2 Packaging Materials - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 3>
Accession number:20200708184282
Title:Maize yield monitoring in Southern Heilongjiang based on SWAP model assimilative remote sensing data
Title of translation:基于SWAP模型同化遥感数据的黑龙江南部春玉米产量监测
Authors:Wang, Limin (1); Yao, Baomin (1); Liu, Jia (1); Yang, Lingbo (2); Yang, Fugang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Colleage of Environmental and Resource Sciences of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310012, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Jia(liujia06@caas.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:285-295
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Crop yield monitoring and forecast has great impact on food security, ecological environment, and farmers' incomes. Crop growth and yield monitoring and forecast by using crop growth model has the advantages of clear mechanism, high precision, and high monitoring frequency, but its monitoring scale is usually limited to land block level. Along with the fast development of remote sensing satellite technology, using remote sensing data combined with crop growth model to accurately monitor regional crop growth and yield in a large regional scale has gradually become an important means of regional level and even national level crop growth monitoring. However, due to differences in crop types, climatic conditions, soil conditions and monitoring areas, the regionalization and localization of crop growth model is the major bottleneck of crop growth monitoring by using crop growth model combined with remote sensing data, and it is urgent to conduct targeted studies on the identification of assimilation parameters of crop growth model, pre-processing of meteorological data, and the setting of crop parameters. Based on soil-water-atmosphere-plant model (SWAP), and by taking the major commodity grain production base of China, Northeast China Region as a study region, in this the paper, we conducted a study by taking the major crop of spring maize of the region as its target crop. Firstly, we used Landsat to obtain maize (Zea mays) planting area in the study area, and used it as the basic data for estimating the total maize yield in the study area. The overall accuracy of maize area classification was 93.2%, with R² of 0.951 2. By considering the influence of latitude and altitude on temperature, in the study, we used the coKriging method in crop growth model meteorological data interpolation acquisition, so as to improve the precision of input parameters of the model. The result showed that the average standard error of minimum temperature of coKriging method was 0.31℃, while that of the Kriging method was 1.51℃. The average standard error of maximum temperature of coKriging method was 0.30℃, while that of the Kriging method was 1.14℃. In the study, leaf area index (LAI) and evapotranspiration (ET) were used as assimilative remote sensing data sources, and we proposed a novel method to adjust the LAI product of MODIS to make it closer to actual value. By optimizing maize irrigation and crop emergence date, we obtained spatial distribution result of maize yield of the study area of 2013. The monitoring result was compared with the statistical data. The R² reached 0.939 4, with RMSE of 148 065 t, and MAE of 114 335 t. Moreover, the correlation coefficient of predicted yield and statistical yield reached 0.724 5, with RMSE of 598.5 kg/hm<sup>²</sup>, and MAE of 531.5 kg/ hm<sup>²</sup>. The study result showed that, using SWAP model, taking meteorological data spatial interpolation results obtained by using coKriging method as input data and assimilation of LAI and ET remote sensing, can effectively conduct corn yield remote sensing monitoring of the study region, which provided reference for the remote sensing monitoring and forecast of crop growth and productivity of the region.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:55
Main heading:Remote sensing
Controlled terms:Crops - Data handling - Evapotranspiration - Food supply - Forecasting - Grain (agricultural product) - Interpolation - Meteorology - Models - Monitoring - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Assimilation - Co-Kriging - Corn - Leaf Area Index - SWAP model
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.3 Food Products - 921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.32e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 4>
Accession number:20200708184133
Title:Effects of AMF and intercropping on crop yield and soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss by runoff on slope farmland
Title of translation:AMF和间作对作物产量和坡耕地土壤径流氮磷流失的影响
Authors:Zhang, Li (1, 2); Zhang, Naiming (2); Zhang, Shiying (2); Jia, Guangjun (2); Ning, Dongwei (2); Yue, Xianrong (2); Xia, Yunsheng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Plant Protection Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; 650201, China; (2) Yunnan Engineering Laboratory of Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; 650201, China
Corresponding author:Xia, Yunsheng(yshengxia@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:216-224
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in sloping farmland is the main factor leading to river and lake pollution. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) can activate soil nitrogen and phosphorus, and promote plant nutrient absorption. Intercropping can promote nutrient complementarity between plants. In order to quantitative study the synergistic reduction contribution of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and maize-soybean intercropping system to runoff nitrogen (N) and phosphorus(P) loss, a field experiment was conducted in this study. The study area lies in Ecological Science and Technology Demonstration Park of Soil and Water Conservation (24°33'-24°37'N, 102°33'-102°38’E), which is located in Dachunhe small watershed, in Jinning County, Yunnan Province, China. The soil is red soil. The experiment was laid out using 20 m × 1.6 m plots with slope of 15°. The intercropping maize-soybean, mono-maize and mono-soybean treatment were designed, and the mycorrhizal inhibition treatment (application of benomyl which can specifically inhibit the growth of mycorrhizal fungi)was as a controlled trial. The results showed that: compared with mono maize - mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, maize intercropping- none mycorrhizal inhibition treatment significantly increased maize biomass. Compared with mono - mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, maize and soybean intercropping- none mycorrhizal inhibition treatment significantly increased the leave and grain P uptake, and significantly increased the leave and root N uptake by the plants. Compared with mono maize-mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, the reduction of total P and total N respectively was 0.25 and 0.11 g/kg in soils with intercropping maize-non mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, the reduction of total P and TN in runoff was 0.13 and 12.94 mg/L respectively. Compared with mono soybean- mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, the reduction of TP and TN respectively was 0.07 and 0.11 g/kg in soils with intercropping soybean- non mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, the reduction of total P and total N was 0.27 and 24.80 mg/L in runoff respectively. Compared with mono - mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, the TP and TN loss were decreased by 0.51 and 19.93 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> in maize-soybean intercropping-non mycorrhizal inhibition treatment, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the concentration of particulate P in runoff was negatively correlated with the P uptake by various parts of the plant, and negatively correlated with the TP and available P content in soil. The N concentration of different forms in runoff was negatively correlated respectively with the N uptake by various parts of plants,hyphal density and glomalin content. It can be seen that the AMF and maize-soybean intercropping mode can directly reduce the N and P loss in runoff by promoting the absorption of N and P nutrients by the plants. Therefore, AMF and maize-soybean intercropping mode can intercept the total loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff. The research can provide references for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Agricultural runoff
Controlled terms:Erosion - Farms - Fungi - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Phosphorus - River pollution - Runoff - Soil conservation - Soils - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural non-point source pollutions - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - Intercropping - Intercropping systems - Loss of nitrogen and phosphorus - Nitrogen and phosphorus loss - Sloping land - Soil and water conservation
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 453 Water Pollution - 453.1 Water Pollution Sources - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.29e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.30e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.48e-02kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.70e-04kg/m3, Size 1.60e+00m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 5>
Accession number:20200708184298
Title:Multifunctional characteristics and revitalization strategies of different types of rural development at village scale
Title of translation:村域尺度的不同乡村发展类型多功能特征与振兴方略
Authors:Liu, Yu (1, 2); Tang, Linnan (1, 2); Pan, Yuchun (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author:Pan, Yuchun(panyc@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:9-17
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Village is the basic unit of rural social and economic activities in China. In accordance with the law of village development and the trend of evolution, it's of great significance to carry forward rural revitalization by zoning and classification on the basis of scientific recognition of suitable development types for various villages. Considering planning constraints, in this study, a comprehensive development evaluation index system was established in four dimensions of economic conditions, traffic location, resources and ecological environment. Among the index system, indicators such as the proportion of construction land area during the planning period and the distance from the urban core area belonged to the type of planning constraints, which reflected the impact of planning and the urban core area on the future development of the countryside; the rest were the status quo description category ones, representing the status quo level of rural development. After calculating and analyzing the status of integrated rural development, rural development types and multi-functional characteristics were identified by use of tools and systems such as SOFM network model and GeoDetector. In the process above, the SOFM model was used to obtain scientific and objective classification results which ranged from 2 to 16 categories, and then, the GeoDetector was used to obtain the number of best rural areas. The results showed that Under the influence of economic development, traffic location and other factors, development of villages in Miyun District differentiate largely in space, and the development level of area on the south of reservoir was generally better than the area on the north of reservoir. Miyun Town, Mujiayu Town and Shilipu Town thrived best and their rural developments were at a high level while Gubeikou and Xinchengzi Town developed most slowly. Our results also showed that villages in Miyun District were divided into seven zones such as traffic and ecology dominant high-level zone and resource and ecology dominant medium-high level zone. Traffic and ecology dominant and economy & ecology dominant high-level zones were the primary types of rural development. These two zones were mainly located in Bulaotun, Dachengzi, Jugezhuang, Mujiayu, Xitiangezhuang, Fengjiayu and Xiwengzhuang. With high quality of ecological environment, advantageous traffic location and strong economic development, villages in traffic and ecology dominant high-level zone showed high-level comprehensive development. Villages in economy and ecology dominant medium-high level zone had a strong economic development and great ecological environment, so they also achieved high-level comprehensive development. In addition, the results showed functional characteristics of different types of zone were summarized from a multi-functional prospective and suggestions for rural revitalization were proposed in accordance with the idea of "focusing on advantageous functions and properly improving disadvantageous functions" in order to guide the establishment of differential rural revitalization strategy. Overall, the results of the classification of rural development types based on SOFM and GeoDetector generally accorded with the regional reality, and can reflect the development differences of different dimensions of seven zones, as well as the impact of planning constraints on rural development. The conclusions can provide evidence for the rural revitalization practice in Miyun District.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Conformal mapping - Ecology - Economic and social effects - Economics - Location - Regional planning - Urban planning - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms:Classification results - Ecological environments - Evaluation index system - Functional characteristics - Miyun District - Multi-functions - Rural development - Village
Classification code:403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 6>
Accession number:20200708184190
Title:Estimation and spatial variability of organic matter in deep soil of farmland at county scale
Title of translation:县域尺度农田深层土壤有机质的估算及空间变异特征
Authors:Wang, Guofang (1); Zhang, Wuping (2); Bi, Rutian (1); Zhang, Qian (1); Ren, Jian (1); Qiao, Lei (1); Shen, Ruoyu (1); Wang, Peihao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource & Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China; (2) Software College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Wuping(zwping@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:122-131
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The county area is the basic unit for implementing green development of agriculture. In the farmland soil, not only the organic matter of the plough layer will affect the soil fertility, but also the role of deep organic matter can be neglected. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately estimate the deep organic matter content of the farmland based on the county scale. This study selected the farmland in Yongji City, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province as the research area. According to the soil types, 8 plots were determined, 3 vertical sections for each plot, and each vertical section was sampled by layer (10 cm for 1 layer). Three samples were randomly selected from each layer, and soil samples were mixed in the same layer. A mixed sample was formed, and a total of 18 layers of 180 cm depth were obtained, and a total of 144 samples were mixed. The organic matter content of each layer of soil was determined by the potassium dichromate volumetric method. A model for estimating the content of deep organic matter in the surface layer (0-20 cm) was established. Based on variogram and spatial autocorrelation, a total of 6 soil organic matters were analyzed from 0 to 30 cm, 30 to 60 cm, 60 to 90 cm, 90 to 120 cm, 120 to 150 cm and 150 to 180 cm. The spatial variability and clustering characteristics were tested and the correlation test was carried out. The Kriging interpolation method was used to predict the organic matter content of the farmland in the study area. The results showed that: 1) The content of soil organic matter decreased with the increase of depth and decreased with negative index (R<sup>2</sup>=0.80, P<0.01), and the rate of decline of soil organic matter content in the range of 0-60 cm was greater than that of 60-180 cm. The organic matter content data of each soil layer accorded with the normal distribution (P>0.05), which was moderately mutated. The degree of variation of organic matter in each layer was different, ranging from 35.89% to 47.84 %. 2) The organic matter content at any depth could be estimated by the surface organic matter content, and the fitting accuracy R<sup>2</sup> =0.90 (P<0.01), the error was less than 16%, accounting for 49.6%, and between 16% and 40%, accounting for 44.1%. 3) The index model was the best model to reflect the spatial structure of organic matter in this region (R<sup>2</sup>>0.80, RSS<0.001). The sill (C<inf>0</inf>/(C<inf>0</inf>+ C<inf>1</inf>)) of each soil layer in the study area was between 61.54% and 72.45%, which was moderately spatially correlated. The random factor contributed a lot to the spatial structure variation of organic matter content. 4) The global Moran index of Moran's I was 0.26, and the spatial distribution of organic matter content was positively correlated, and passed the 0.01 significance test. The organic matter content of farmland in the study area had high value clustering (High-High), low-valued aggregate (Low-Low), high value surrounded by low-valued (High-Low), and low-value surrounded by low-valued (Low-High). In space, it was characterized by low concentration of organic matter in the north and high concentration in the south. 5) Kriging interpolation could better predict the organic matter content of each layer in the study area, with high prediction accuracy and good stability. The prediction results showed that the organic matter content of the farmland layer (0-30 cm) in the study area was medium; and the organic matter contents of 30-60 and 60-90 cm were lower; the organic matters at a depth of 90-120, 120-150, 150 to 180 cm were very low. It could be seen that the organic matter content of the study area was not high and the soil fertility was moderate. It was an estimation of deep organic matter at the county scale, adjusting agronomic measures, improving soil fertility, and achieving soil weight loss and efficiency. The study provides a basis for green production and efficiency.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:55
Main heading:Biogeochemistry
Controlled terms:Biological materials - Chromates - Efficiency - Farms - Forecasting - Interpolation - Normal distribution - Organic compounds - Potassium compounds - Scales (weighing instruments) - Soils - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:County scale - Farmland - Inversion - Kriging interpolation - Spatial variability
Classification code:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.1 Probability Theory - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 943.3 Special Purpose Instruments
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.60e+01%, Percentage 1.60e+01% to 4.00e+01%, Percentage 3.59e+01% to 4.78e+01%, Percentage 4.41e+01%, Percentage 4.96e+01%, Percentage 6.15e+01% to 7.25e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 3.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 6.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.20e+00m to 1.50e+00m, Size 1.50e+00m to 1.80e+00m, Size 1.80e+00m, Size 3.00e-01m to 6.00e-01m, Size 6.00e-01m to 1.80e+00m, Size 6.00e-01m to 9.00e-01m, Size 9.00e-01m to 1.20e+00m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 7>
Accession number:20200708184207
Title:Spatial evolution process of rural settlement land in coastal areas of Southern Fujian in recent 30 years
Title of translation:近30年闽南沿海乡村聚落用地空间演化过程研究
Authors:Liang, Fachao (1); Liu, Shiyuan (2); Qi, Xiaoxing (3); Liu, Liming (4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Political and Public Administration, Center for Political Development and Public Governance Research, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou; 362021, China; (2) Construction Bureau of Jimei District, Xiamen; 361022, China; (3) Center for Chinese Public Administration Research/School of Government, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510275, China; (4) School of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Liming(liulm@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:18-26
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Scientific identification of the spatial evolution process of rural settlements is an important basis for optimizing the space of rural production, living and ecology in rural revitalization. In this paper, Jimei District of Xiamen city, which locates in the Southern Fujian Province, was selected as a typical study area. Based on the classification and interpretation data of remote sensing images at four time points from 1986 to 2017, the spatial evolution process and mechanism of rural settlement land in Jimei District in recent 30 years were quantitatively identified by using standard deviation ellipse, nuclear density and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods. The results showed that the density of rural settlement could be divided into background area, low density area, medium density area and high density area in Jimei District. There was spatial heterogeneity in the density distribution of rural settlements in Jimei District. The medium and high density areas were concentrated in central areas with good agricultural conditions. The high density areas were far away from the centers of urban and industrial mine. There were more obvious spatial continuity features between the high and low density area. The total area of rural settlements showed an increasing trend year by year. The evolution process of settlements was dominated by correlated expansion. Although the number of patches had decreased, the total area and average area of the settlements continued to increase. The combined impact of correlated expansion and contraction leaded to an increasing difference in the size between large and small settlements. With rapid development of urban-rural integration and rural economy, the hot spots of settlement expansion appeared in traditional agricultural industry concentration areas. With the settlement land around Jimei and Xinglin City transformed into state-owned land, the low-low cluster areas appeared. Combined with analysis of remote sensing image, the contracted settlements were closely related to urbanization and industrialization, and the settlements with good traffic location were more susceptible to urbanization and industrialization. The spatial distribution of contracted patches in rural settlements was random, and the spatial autocorrelation existed in the expanded patches. From 1986 to 2017, the expansion of rural settlements did not generate a signification cold zone, and the hotspot clustering pattern was dominated by high clusters in Jimei District. The basic spatial pattern of settlements remained stable due to the combination of topographic factors and evolution characteristics. It was found that there were spatial differences in the hot spots of settlement evolution in various periods by visualizing the rate and direction of the center of gravity of the settlements in each period. The core density analysis and partial autocorrelation analysis revealed a close relationship between settlement evolution and geographical environment, industrial evolution and urban and rural relationship change, and reflected the driving characteristics and internal mechanism of urban and rural interaction process of rural settlement spatial evolution in different development stages under the background of industrialization and urbanization in Jimei District. The results of this study could provide theoretical and methodological supports for optimizing development layout of rural settlements and coordinating rural revitalization planning and land remediation planning.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Autocorrelation - Image analysis - Land use - Remediation - Remote sensing - Space optics - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Jimei District - Rural settlement - Spatial process - Standard Deviational Ellipse - Time-space
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 656.1 Space Flight - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Age 3.00e+01yr
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 8>
Accession number:20200708184136
Title:Design and experiment of differential sawing rice straw chopper for turning to field
Title of translation:差速锯切式水稻秸秆粉碎还田机设计与试验
Authors:Sun, Nina (1); Wang, Xiaoyan (1); Li, Hongwen (1); He, Jin (1); Wang, Qingjie (1); Wang, Jiang (1); Liu, Zhengdao (1); Wang, Yingbo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Xiaoyan(xywang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:267-276
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In the rice area of the Northeast China, the large amount of rice straw with low moisture content is tough to chop. However, the existing method of chopping combined auxiliary slitting could not meet the requirements of chopping under such condition, which could cause some problems such as incomplete straw crushing and unqualified rate of straw crushing. It would affect the subsequent land preparation and transplanting operations and caused problems such as machine blocking, straw floating before transplanting and seedling floating during transplanting. In order to solve these problems, this paper designed a straw chopper based on the principle of differential sawing, which could realize the same direction with different speed between the saw disc blade and the crushing knife to achieve supporting sawing. The friction force and relative linear velocity of crushing straw were increased to improve the crushing effect. Structural parameters of saw disc blade, crushing knife and other key components were designed through theoretical analysis, and the structure and operating parameters of the machine were preliminarily obtained. In order to improve the wind velocity and straw feeding performance of the crushing chamber, three kinds of fan blade forms, namely facade fan blade, reverse fan blade and diverse fan blade, were designed to compare with no fan blade through simulation analysis. Simulation results by Fluent showed that the facade fan blade could improve the wind velocity in the crushing chamber and contributed to improving straw fluidity, and the verification test was in accordance with the simulation results. According to the movement track of crushing knife and saw disc blade, the rotation speeds of them were designed. The rotation speed of crushing knife ranged from 1815 to 2475 r/min, accordingly, and the saw disc blade rotation speed ranged from 605 to 825 r/min, to be specific, the ratio of rotation speed between saw disc blade and crushing knife was 1/3 constantly. The dynamics analysis of straw crushing process showed that rotation speed of crushing knife and the tilt angle between the saw disc blade could affect crushing performance. Therefore, a field experiment of two factors with three levels was designed by using the average length of straw crushing and the crushing qualification rate as an evaluation index. The test results showed that the crushing knife rotation speed and angle of slope had a significant impact on average length of straw crushing and straw crushing qualification rate. Considering straw crushing performance and energy consumption, the optimal combination was determined as follows: The crushing knife rotation speed was 1800 r/min and the angle of slope was 65°, the corresponding saw disc blade rotation speed was 600 r/min. The field test results under the optimized combination conditions were as follows: the average length of straw crushing was 9.58 cm, the proportion of straw under 10 cm was 93.23%, and the scatter unevenness was 20.89%, which met the quality requirements of straw crushing and scattering in the northeast rice region. In the paper, a comparison test between the differential sawing rice straw chopper and the ordinary straw chopper was carried out. The filed test showed that the average length of straw crushing of the ordinary straw chopper was 13.42 cm, and the proportion of straw under 10 cm was 71.5%, which was not as good as the differential sawing rice straw chopper, and there was no obvious difference in the scatter unevenness between them. After the chopping operation, the same plow was used for the plowing operation, and the straw burying rate was 98.92% of the differential sawing rice straw chopper while the ordinary straw chopper was 90.21 %. Its successful implementation could greatly improve the operation effect for chopping rice straw and stubble on one hand, and on the other hand provided better growing surface conditions for rice. The design of the machine provided a basis for the popularization and application of straw mulching technology in northeast China.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Crushing
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Choppers (circuits) - Crushers - Design - Disks (machine components) - Energy utilization - Friction - Machine design - Rotation - Sawing - Speed - Straw - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Crushing performance - Field test - Northeast rice area - Operating parameters - Optimal combination - Optimized combinations - Quality requirements - Structural parameter
Classification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 601 Mechanical Design - 601.2 Machine Components - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.09e+01%, Percentage 7.15e+01%, Percentage 9.02e+01%, Percentage 9.32e+01%, Percentage 9.89e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.80e+03RPM, Rotational_Speed 1.82e+03RPM to 2.48e+03RPM, Rotational_Speed 6.00e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 6.05e+02RPM to 8.25e+02RPM, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.34e-01m, Size 9.58e-02m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 9>
Accession number:20200708184216
Title:Rural multidimensional poverty measurement and spatial differentiation in border areas inhabited by ethnic minorities in Yunnan
Title of translation:云南边疆少数民族地区村域多维贫困测度及空间分异研究
Authors:Cai, Jin (1, 2); Yu, Yangchun (3); Luo, Dongqi (1, 3); Li, Tao (4)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing; 400067, China; (2) College of Tourism and Land Resource, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing; 400067, China; (3) College of Business Planning, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing; 400067, China; (4) School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China
Corresponding author:Luo, Dongqi(luodongqi@ctbu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:47-57
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:With years of large-scale poverty relief and development, the poverty-stricken population in China's rural areas has declined sharply and the situation of poverty has been effectively relieved. However, the task of poverty relief and development is still arduous due to a large cardinal number in poverty population. In particular, the poverty governance in border areas inhabited by ethnic minorities has always been the most difficult "hard nut" in the strategy of poverty alleviation. Revealing the multidimensional poverty degree and spatial differentiation rules in the rural areas is conducive to promoting poverty alleviation and development work and poverty alleviation and income increase of poor farmers in border areas. Taking Zhenyuan county of Yunnan Province as an example, this paper studied the multidimensional poverty degree, and its spatial pattern and leading factors of 109 villages in Zhenyuan based on the multidimensional poverty evaluation index system by the multidimensional poverty measurement model, Moran index, Geodetector and other mathematical methods. The results revealed that: the degree of multidimensional poverty in Zhenyuan was higher, 55 villages are at high poverty levels, and the spatial pattern is characterized by "high poverty in the East and West, followed by the South and North, and low poverty in the middle"; The multidimensional poverty in the rural areas of Zhenyuan county has a significant spatial agglomeration feature. The high-value centers of agglomeration are mainly distributed in Enle town and Anban town in the middle, while the low-value centers of agglomeration are mainly distributed in Zhentai town in the west; The main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of multidimensional poverty in Zhenyuan include the arable land per capita, the proportion of arable land over 25°, the traffic situation out of the village, the driving time to the county government residence, the intensity of pesticide use, the intensity of geological disasters, the proportion of land circulation area, the proportion of poverty stricken population and the annual per capita net income. Therefore, the local governments should formulate reasonable and targeted poverty alleviation strategies according to regional advantage resources. First, coordinate the flow of resource elements among the regions, increase the investment in the higher poverty level area, solve the problems of education, medical treatment and housing of poor farmers, prevent the phenomenon of returning to poverty due to education, disease and housing. Second, it is necessary to develop characteristic industries according to the resource advantages in different areas of Zhenyuan, the central region should vigorously develop pig, vegetable and other characteristic industries, and the eastern and western regions should focus on the development of flue-cured tobacco and forest economy. Third, vigorously implement the policy of poverty alleviation and relocation. The most direct and effective way to improve the bread-and-butter issue of the farmers in the ecologically fragile areas of Zhenyuan county is to carry out the relocation of ecological poverty alleviation.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Agglomeration - Agriculture - Economics - Geographic information systems - Housing - Land use - Mammals - Medical problems - Public policy
Uncontrolled terms:Ethnic areas - Evaluation index system - Geological disaster - Multidimensional poverty - Per capita net income - Poverty alleviation - Spatial differentiation - Zhenyuan county
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 10>
Accession number:20200708184307
Title:Connotation reconstruction and system characteristics of rural land consolidation from perspective of rural revitalization
Title of translation:乡村振兴视域下农村土地整治的内涵重构与系统特征
Authors:Qiao, Luyin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Urban-Rural Development, Shanxi University, Taiyuan; 030006, China
Corresponding author:Qiao, Luyin(qiaoly@sxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:58-65
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:China's rural revitalization strategy is a long-term strategic deployment for agricultural and rural modernization in 2050. The goal orientation of this strategy is very explicit, and the key problem is to choose a feasible path. Rural revitalization is essentially an issue of rural development that rural areas transit from the current stage of development to a higher stage of development. It is a long-term and trend process, and the transition process is the rural transformation development process. There is a coupling relationship between land use and rural development. In the process of rural development, different land use stakeholders utilize economic, technological and institutional measures to redistribute land resources which lead to changes in land use patterns. Conversely, land use change in turn facilitates on rural development. This interaction mechanism will lead to different economic and social effects and the reactions of related stakeholders, and play a vital role in rural development. Rural land consolidation is an active response of the local participants in intervening rural land use transformation, and its essential meaning is coordinating the relationship of rural population and land use, and the key content is adjusting land ownership and organizing land use for more efficiency of rural land use. Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, the function and orientation of land consolidation should be further improved, and it should be re-examined by jumping out of the land category and focusing on rural areas. Therefore, focusing on the land use problems, rural land consolidation should pay attention to activate and integrate rural key elements such as labor, land, industry and policy to promote rural spatial restructuring and transformation development. Then the land consolidation can be an important and effective technical measure for rural revitalization. In fact, rural land consolidation involves many elements, from the perspective of system theory, the land consolidation system includes stakeholder sub-system, target object sub-system, planning and design sub-system, engineering technology sub-system, institution and mechanism sub-system, and very important external environment. There is the mutual feedback mechanism between land consolidation system and external environment which determines the system's normal operation and evolution direction. In the new era, land consolidation is endowed with new value and function such as internal functions and external functions. The former includes optimizing land use patterns, adjusting land ownership relations, reorganizing rural land use to achieve the goal of coordinating the relationship between people and land in rural areas. The later refers to the overall effect in the process of coupling interaction between land consolidation system and external environment. It is realized through the functional evolution of each sub-system. It mainly embodies in improving regional land use efficiency and output efficiency, promoting the integration of urban-rural elements and the cultivation of characteristic industries, promoting rural transformation development, and to produce comprehensive demonstration effect and experience, etc. Therefore, guided by the rural revitalization, in order to fully realize the new function of land consolidation, land ownership adjustment must be taken more attention and the subjective status of farmers must be rebuilt in practice. What's more, land consolidation is a system engineering that needs more elements form external environment for normal operation. So, it is necessary to broaden the fund sources and supply the matching systems.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Consolidation - Cultivation - Economic and social effects - Efficiency - Forestry - Land use - Regional planning
Uncontrolled terms:Coupling relationships - External environments - Integration of urban-rural - Interaction mechanisms - Land ownership - Spatial restructuring - Strategic deployment - System characteristics
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.1 Production Engineering - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 11>
Accession number:20200708184321
Title:Suppression of silicates regulation on Cd uptaking of rice in Se-rich paddy soils
Title of translation:硅酸盐调控抑制水稻对富硒水稻土中Cd吸收
Authors:Wang, Hao (1); Zhang, Yue (1); Wang, Xin (1); Lin, Zhijia (2); Peng, Bo (1); Tan, Changyin (1); Zhang, Xinping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha; 410081, China; (2) Hunan Institute of Geological Survey, Changsha; 410116, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Xin(hdhuanjing@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:225-233
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Cd contamination is serious in some Se-rich paddy soils, which has posed potential human health risks through soil-to-crop transfer of Cd. Being the staple food feeding more than half population of China, rice has exhibited a prominent capability of Cd uptake and accumulation. With arable land per capita being less than half of the world average, it is quite essential to develop strategies to deal with soil Cd contamination for food safety and agricultural sustainability in China. In order to achieve safe utilization of Se-rich paddy soil, it is essential to reduce Cd bioavailability and thus mitigate its accumulation in rice grain. Previous studies have showed that it is difficult to achieve effective mitigation on Cd transfer into paddy rice by using a single ameliorator. The present work studied the effect of different combination of three kinds of silicates, i.e. sepiolite(SP), silica-calcium composite mineral(CS) and water-soluble foliar silicon fertilizer(YS), on bioavailability of Cd and Se in paddy soils and their transport into rice. Firstly, the dynamic changes Cd/Se/Si/Ca in soil pore water were determined with sepiolite(SP), sepiolite-silicon calcium composite mineral(SPC) and sepiolite-silicon calcium composite mineral-water soluble silicon mineral fertilizer(SCY) treatments. Secondly, the Cd and Se concentration of brown rice was investigated to understand exactly the mitigating effect of each treatment on grain Cd accumulation. Finally, the impacts of Si treatments on the availability and uptake of some mineral nutrients were also identified and discussed. The results showed that with SP, SPC and SCY treatment, the pH of rice rhizosphere soil increased by 0.15-0.31 units, which largely favored Cd transformation from easily exchangeable pool to carbonate- and organic-bound fractions while Se from residual fraction to bioavailable pool. In parallel, the concentration of Si, Ca and Se in soil pore water was remarkably enhanced by SPC and SCY treatment. Compared to control(CK), CaCl<inf>2</inf>-Cd in rhizosphere treated by SP, SPC and SCY was decreased by 19.5%-34.0%, while available Se was enhanced by 17.8%-36.8%. Transport factor(TF <inf>stem/white root</inf>) of Cd in rice plants from SPC and SCY treatments decreased by 92.1%-96.5% relative to that of CK, suggesting a significantly enhanced Cd sequestration in rice root. Most importantly, Cd concentration in brown rice was decreased from 0.32 mg/kg in CK to 0.15 and 0.02 mg/kg with SPC and SCY amendment, respectively, which were 25% and 90% lower than Chinese food safety standards for total Cd in rice (0.2 mg/kg). Each treatment had no significant effect on the accumulation of Se and other essential mineral elements (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg and Mn) in brown rice. Taken together, SCY exhibited the most prominent mitigation effect on Cd accumulation in rice grain, which provides a cost-effective pathway for safe utilization of Cd-rich paddy soils without affecting Se enrichment in food chain.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:54
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Beverages - Biochemistry - Cadmium - Calcium - Chlorine compounds - Contamination - Cost effectiveness - Fertilizers - Food safety - Grain (agricultural product) - Health risks - Heavy metals - Manganese compounds - Minerals - Selenium - Silica - Silicates - Silicon - Soils - Water
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural sustainability - Combined regulation - Composite mineral - Essential minerals - Mineral fertilizers - Sepiolite - Uptake and accumulations - Watersoluble
Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 482.2 Minerals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.3 Food Products - 911.2 Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.78e+01% to 3.68e+01%, Percentage 1.95e+01% to 3.40e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.21e+01% to 9.65e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 12>
Accession number:20200708184309
Title:Suction characteristics of venturi injector in solenoid valve switch ON&OFF mode
Title of translation:电磁阀开关模式下文丘里施肥器吸肥特性研究
Authors:Zhou, Liangfu (1); Jin, Yongkui (1); Xue, Xinyu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China
Corresponding author:Jin, Yongkui(120059323@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:277-284
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The integration of fertilizer and water technology is one of the important means to improve the effective utilization rate of chemical fertilizers. The solenoid valve control mode based on pulse width modulation is the main technical means to adjust the amount of suction flow. But at present, the researches of scholars at home and abroad mainly focus on these 3 aspects: Water-fertilizer coupling effect test, venturi structure optimization and performance analysis, water and fertilizer machine pipeline design. And the venturi suction characteristics in the solenoid valves switch on and off mode was little concerned. In this paper, on the 5-channel pipeline online mixed water and fertilizer integration test platform, the hall flow sensor was used to test the instantaneous flow of single channel in the valve opening time of 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 2 s. The average flow of single switch under different valve opening and closing time. The average flow under 10 consecutive switches was calculated by pulse correction method. All the pulses and the time elapsed for each pulse were collected and recorded, and the flow rate was calculated according to the pulse total number, effective pulse number and the pulse correction respectively. The actual flow was measured by the electronic scale and compare with the calculated values of the 3 methods respectively. The results showed the relative error of the flow rate calculated by the total pulse number method was much larger than the effective pulse method and the pulse correction method, but the relative error decreases with the increase of the valve opening time. Compared with the total pulse number method, the measurement accuracy of the effective pulse method was greatly improved. The accuracy of the pulse correction method was the highest, the relative error was less than 4% during the valve opening duration of 0.3-2 s, and the pulse correction method was more advantageous when the valve opening duration was shorter. The suction characteristics test results showed that in the continuous switch mode of the solenoid valve, the shorter the valve closing time, the smaller the total number of pulses and the average flow rate. The average flow rate of each valve decreased rapidly with the valve opening time increasing. when the valve opening time was longer than 5 s, the average flow rate of fertilizer absorption tended to be stable at 10 L/min. In the combined structure of venturi and fertilization pump, the greater the fertilization pressure, the smaller the suction flow, but no significant effect on the energy storage and discharge process of the venturi injector. During the maximum energy storage and discharge time, the amount of suction flow by the venturi injector decreased with the prolonging of the valve opening time, and increased with the prolonging of the valve closing time. The test results of the venturi injector under the single switch showed that the maximum energy storage time (vacuum) of the venturi injector was 10 s, and the maximum energy release time (the time when the suction flow was stable) was 1 s. This research can provide technical support for the design and application of intelligent variable water and fertilizer machine.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Solenoid valves
Controlled terms:Electromagnetic wave attenuation - Electronic scales - Energy storage - Errors - Experiments - Fertilizers - Flow rate - Integration - Pipelines - Solenoids - Structural optimization - Testing - Voltage control
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristics test - Chemical fertilizers - Design and application - Energy storage time - Integration of water and fertilizers - Measurement accuracy - Structure optimization - Venturi injectors
Classification code:525.7 Energy Storage - 619 Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 631 Fluid Flow - 704.1 Electric Components - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.2 Calculus - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+00%, Time 1.00e+00s, Time 2.00e+00s, Time 3.00e-01s to 2.00e+00s, Time 5.00e+00s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 13>
Accession number:20200708184338
Title:Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds during vegetable residues and livestock manure combined aerobic fermentation
Title of translation:蔬菜废弃物与畜禽粪便联合好氧发酵挥发性有机物排放特征
Authors:Zhang, Xi (1, 2); Meng, Haibo (1, 2); Liu, Wenjie (1, 2, 3); Shen, Yujun (1, 2); Zhao, Lixin (1); Zhang, Pengyue (1, 2); Wang, Jian (1, 2); Zhou, Haibin (1, 2); Cheng, Hongsheng (1, 2); Song, Liqiu (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Planning & Design, Beijing; 100125, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Technology and Model for Cyclic Utilization from Agricultural Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163319, China
Corresponding author:Shen, Yujun(shenyujun@caaepd.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:193-199
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The aerobic fermentation process will emit a trace of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), although the VOCs content is less, the effect on human health cannot be neglected. VOCs are not a single substance, but a class of compounds. However, the emission characteristics of VOCs and key odor substances during vegetable residues and livestock manures combined aerobic fermentation process is relatively limited at present. In order to investigate the characteristics of VOCs and key odor substances, vegetable residues and livestock manures combined aerobic fermentation was carried out, and the experiment lasted for 20 days in November 2018 at the Key Laboratory of Technology and Model for Cyclic Utilization from Agricultural Resources. The water content of leaf vegetable residues-pig manures-straw mixes for aerobic fermentation was 65%, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen was 25:1. During the aerobic fermentation process, the forced ventilation was used, and the ventilation rate was 0.25 m<sup>3</sup>/(min•m<sup>3</sup>). The temperature inside the fermentation pile rose and exceeded 55℃ within 3 days, and kept above 50℃ for 7 days, kept above 55℃ for 6 days, which could secure pathogen inactivation and meet the non-hazardous requirement of national standards. The experiment to monitor volatile gas emission from the aerobic fermentation process, the VOCs concentration at different phases were analyzed and detected by GC-MS, and the odor concentration was determined by three-point comparative odor bag method. The results showed that 34 kinds of VOCs were detected, besides ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. The detected VOCs included carbonyl sulfide, methyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, dimethyl disulfide, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, 2-butanone, 2-hexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 2-methylbutane, pentane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, methylcyclopentane, N-hexane, octane, a-pinene, limonene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, styrene, o-xylene, 1,2, 3-trimethylbenzene, benzene. There were sulphur compounds, esters compounds, aldehyde compounds, ketone compounds, alcohol compounds, halohydrocarbons, alkane compounds, aromatic compounds were 4, 2, 1, 4, 2, 3, 7 and 11, respectively. The highest odor concentration was 72 443 during the mesophilic phase, however the most variation of VOCs was up to 29 during the cooling phase. The correlation analysis between importance to smelly gases and odor concentration showed that the hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl disulfide were significantly positively correlated with odor concentration (P<0.01). Carbon disulfide was significantly positively correlated with odor concentration (P<0.05). The relationships between dimethyl sulfide, ammonia with ordor gas were not strong, but the concentration of dimethyl sulfide and ammonia were high and had a strong pungent odor. Beyond that, it contributed a lot to the odor concentration, and should be monitored and controlled. Therefore, the smelly and odor-causing matters of vergetable residues and livestock manures combined aerobic fermentation were mainly disulfide dimethyl, hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide and ammonia. In order to monitor the key odor substances and provide reference for making control strategy in the vergetable residues and livestock manure combined erobic fermentation, we recommended disulfide dimethyl, hydrogen sulfide as a foul odor pollution indicator. Next, we need to study the emission of VOCs from vergetable residues with different feedstocks and different fermentation conditions. The study provides data support for mitigating VOCs gas emissions during the composting of agricultural wastes aerobic fermentation.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Acetone - Agriculture - Ammonia - Carbon disulfide - Dichloromethane - Emission control - Fertilizers - Gas emissions - Hexane - Hydrogen sulfide - Mammals - Manures - Monoterpenes - Odor control - Paraffins - Piles - Process control - Styrene - Sulfur determination - Ternary systems - Vegetables - Volatile organic compounds - Wastes - Xylene
Uncontrolled terms:1 ,2 ,3-trimethylbenzene - Aerobic fermentation - Agricultural resources - Emission characteristics - Fermentation conditions - Key odor substances - Methyl iso-butyl ketones - Pathogen inactivation
Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 801 Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.64e-02yr, Age 1.92e-02yr, Age 5.48e-02yr, Age 8.22e-03yr, Percentage 6.50e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 14>
Accession number:20200708184375
Title:Arable land consolidation zoning based on comprehensive evaluation of capacity and health
Title of translation:基于产能与健康综合评价的北京大兴区耕地整治分区
Authors:Wen, Liangyou (1, 2); Zhang, Qingpu (1, 2); Kong, Xiangbin (1, 2); Zhang, Bangbang (3); Yun, Wenju (2, 4); Sun, Xiaobing (1, 2); Liu, Fengjian (5)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Land Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Farmland Quality, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China; (3) College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (4) Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China; (5) Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center of Cangzhou, Cangzhou; 061000, China
Corresponding author:Kong, Xiangbin(kxb@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:79-89
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Rehabilitation of arable land is an important measure to increase the quantity of arable land and improve the quality of arable land. It is an important way for the country to realize the "food crop production strategy based on farmland management and technological application". At present, the improvement of arable land mainly focuses on the improvement of arable land quality and productivity, but insufficient attention to the health of arable land. In this paper, we used the stepwise correction method to evaluate the arable land productivity, analyzed the limiting factors affecting the arable land productivity, used K-means clustering method to cluster the limiting factors in Daxing District; and used the Nemero index method and the minimum limiting factor method for arable land health diagnosis, analysis of the health of arable land; comprehensive analysis of limiting factors and health diagnosis results, and division of land remediation areas. The results showed that there were 15 types of restriction factors in Daxing District, mainly in the four types of "soil profile pattern", "arable land fragmentation", "soil organic matter" and "soil profile pattern-arable land fragmentation", The limitation of soil profile pattern,arable land fragmentation and soil organic matter was relatively common; the area of arable land with mild sub-health, moderate sub-health and severe sub-health in Daxing District was 17 924.31, 6 629.28 and 16 260.97 hm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. From a spatial perspective, the light sub-health cultivated land was mainly distributed in the eastern part of Daxing District, moderately healthy arable land was mainly distributed in the western part of Daxing District, while severe sub-health arable land was mainly distributed in the southern part of Daxing District. The area of cultivated land in the capacity-rehabilitation key remediation area was 13 582.40 hm<sup>2</sup>, accounting for 33.28% of the total area of cultivated land, mainly in the eastern and northeastern townships such as Qingyundian Town, Changziying Town, Bohai Area, Huangcun District, and Caiyu Town, as well as some areas of Qizhen and Lixian Towns. The area of capacity improvement general rectification area was 10 971.20 hm<sup>2</sup>, accounting for 26.88% of the total area of arable land, and was concentrated in areas such as Pang Gezhuang Town, Yuzhen Town, South of Caiyu Town and Beijiao Village Town. The ecological conservation type fallow treatment area was 16 260.98 hm<sup>2</sup>, the largest, accounting for 39.84% of the total area of arable land, and was settled in the towns including some areas of Lixian Town, Wei shanzhuang Town and Yufa Town and more in Panggezhuang town. According to different types of remediation, different measures for consolidation of arable land were proposed. The research on arable land consolidation based on limiting factors and health diagnosis provided some reference for the current comprehensive improvement of land space and overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management of arable land resources.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Land reclamation
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Consolidation - Cultivation - Grading - Health - K-means clustering - Land use - Organic compounds - Productivity - Remediation - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Arable land - Comprehensive evaluation - Comprehensive managements - Daxing district - Ecological conservation - K-means clustering method - Limiting factors - Technological applications
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.69e+01%, Percentage 3.33e+01%, Percentage 3.98e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 15>
Accession number:20200708184305
Title:Design and emission characteristics of straw bales fuel combustion-boiler
Title of translation:秸秆捆烧锅炉设计及其排放特性研究
Authors:Jia, Jixiu (1); Yao, Zonglu (1); Zhao, Lixin (2); Cong, Hongbin (2); Liu, Guanghua (3); Zhao, Yanan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) Chendge Bente Ecology & Energy Technology Co. Ltd, Chengde; 067000, China
Corresponding author:Yao, Zonglu(yaozonglu@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:148-153
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:As an important way of straw comprehensive utilization, straw bales combustion has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, low pollution and better adaptability of raw materials. However, there still exist the problems such as low combustion efficiency, complex flue gas purification and low automation of straw bales combustion. Based on the combustion theory of raw material classification and air distribution classification technology, we designed the secondary air distribution device, which consists of two combustion chambers. In the first combustion chamber, a primary air was provided to ensure gasification reaction. In the second combustion chamber, a secondary air was provided to ensure gas combustion, which realized the full combustion of straw. At the same time, we developed a dust removal device and the intelligent control system, and built a straw bale boiler test platform, which realized real-time control of bale burning and data acquisition. The design power of the boiler was 230 kW, the fuel consumption was 60 kg/h, and the overall dimension of the trial boiler was 3 026 mm×2 178 mm×2 407 mm; the boiler could be filled with small square bundles and large round bundles, the overall dimension of small square bundles was 700 mm×450 mm×350 mm, 24 bundles could be filled at a time, and the overall dimension of large round bundles was 1 200 mm×1 300 mm, and one round bundle could be filled at a time. The boiler mainly included primary combustion chamber, primary air distribution chamber, secondary combustion chamber, secondary air distribution and baffle dust remover. The flue gas purification and dedusting device mainly included electrostatic dedusting, cyclone dedusting, circulating spray and sewage purification and reuse device. The intelligent control system mainly included human-computer interaction system, furnace pressure control system, furnace temperature control system, intelligent air distribution system and temperature warning system. When the equipment works, we could open the boiler control system and air distribution system after loading the raw materials, set the furnace temperature as 800℃, furnace pressure as 10 Pa, and the furnace temperature would reach a stable state about 15 minutes after manual ignition. At this time, the flue gas emission test and boiler heat balance test were carried out, and the test duration at the stable state was 3 hours. Tested with corn stalk as raw material, the result showed that the thermal efficiency of straw-fired boilers was 84.6%, the heat load was 230 kW, the average concentration of soot emissions was 19.8 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, the concentration of NO<inf>X</inf> was 133.6 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, and the concentration of SO<inf>2</inf> was <3 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, which met the requirements of (GB13271-2014). Taking this boiler as an example, the annual heating fuel cost was 10.8-14.4 yuan/m<sup>2</sup>, which had an advantage in heating costs, and had a good benefit for environmental protection compared with coal heating and biomass pellet heating. The intelligent combustion platform also can carry out various process tests, and the next step is to carry out combustion tests under different working conditions and explore different combustion processes, which can provide a basis for further optimization.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Boiler control
Controlled terms:Air - Air purification - Coal combustion - Coal fired boilers - Combustion chambers - Computer control systems - Control theory - Costs - Data acquisition - Design - Dust control - Efficiency - Emission control - Flue gases - Flues - Fuels - Gas fuel purification - Heat treating furnaces - Heating - Human computer interaction - Intelligent control - Real time control - Sewage - Storms - Straw - Temperature - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Air distribution - Comprehensive utilizations - Dust removal - Furnace pressure control system - Furnace temperature controls - Human-computer interaction system - Secondary combustion chamber - Straw bales
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 452.1 Sewage - 521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 522 Gas Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 532.4 Heat Treating Furnaces - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 654.2 Rocket Engines - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 913.1 Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing:Mass_Density 1.34e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.98e-05kg/m3, Mass_Flow_Rate 1.67e-02kg/s, Percentage 8.46e+01%, Power 2.30e+05W, Pressure 1.00e+01Pa, Time 1.08e+04s, Time 9.00e+02s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 16>
Accession number:20200708184152
Title:Immobilizing and stabilizing effect of nano-MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE composite on heavy metal vanadium
Title of translation:纳米MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE复合材料对重金属钒的钝化稳定化效果
Authors:Song, Junying (1); Huang, Zhanbin (1); Gu, Senyuan (1); Cui, Xian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author:Huang, Zhanbin(zbhuang2003@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:234-241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In order to obtain a stabilizing material for treatment of soil vanadium pollution, based on the functional complementarity between different materials, iron-manganese oxide @ diatomite composite (MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE) was synthesized. Through XRD, SEM and BET characterization, it can be seen that MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the surface of diatomite, resulting in larger specific surface area and pore volume of composite. Besides, MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE presented much larger specific surface area (112.3m<sup>2</sup>/g) and pore volume (0.244cm<sup>3</sup>/g) than DE and MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>, respectively.. This was mainly because the MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles can disperse well on the surface of diatomite support restraining the self-agglomeration, which can effectively reduce the grain size of MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles. Generally, smaller grain size would lead to a larger specific surface area of materials. The larger specific surface area as well as pore volume could provide more surface active sites for adsorption of the contaminant molecules, which was beneficial to improve the removal performance of the composite for pollutants. The stabilizing effect and mechanism of the composite on soil vanadium were studied by simulation experiments. Results indicated that as-synthesized MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE composite had better soil vanadium stabilizing effect than the monomer stabilizer (DE, MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>) at the optimal dosage (7%), and its stabilizing rate of vanadium was about 16.87and 1.24 times as much as that of diatomite (DE) and MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>, respectively. MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE (7% dosage, 30 days of stabilizing) had the best stabilizing effect on vanadium in soil, and the stabilization rate was 94.81%±2.5%. Stabilizing time and pH experiments proved that the stabilizing effect of MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE composite on soil vanadium can be maintained for a long time, and acidic as well as neutral conditions were beneficial to the stability of vanadium by composite. The stabilizing rate of vanadium in soil by MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE decreased with the increase of pH value. This phenomenon could be attributed to the greater pH value, which increased in the electrostatic repulsion between the negative charge on the surface of the composite and the vanadium anion in the soil. The XPS and vanadium form analysis showed that the composite had excellent stabilizing effect on vanadium in soil, which related to the larger specific surface area and pore volume as well as the reduce of vanadium valence. Compared with the form of vanadium without added stabilizer, the content of residual state of vanadium in soil increased after adding the MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE stabilizer, which increased from 19.70% to 30.69%. XPS analysis demonstrated that vanadium could be reduced to low valence vanadium with low toxicity by MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE composite. Effects of the composite on the bioavailability of soil vanadium were also investigated through the plant experiments. Plant germination experiment indicated that the germination rate, plant height and root length of rapeseed (Brassica napus) seedlings in vanadium-contaminated group with the addition of composite were higher than those of the other two monomer stabilizers, and which had no significant difference compared with the control group without vanadium. The vanadium content of plants in the vanadium-contaminated group after adding the composite was also lower than that in the vanadium-contaminated group with the addition of only monomer. Besides, the composite reduced the vanadium content in the plants by about 80% compared to the vanadium-contaminated group without stabilizers. Therefore, MnFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@DE composite had a good application prospect in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Biochemistry - Composite materials - Contamination - Cultivation - Grain size and shape - Heavy metals - Iron oxides - Manganese oxide - Monomers - Nanoparticles - pH - Plants (botany) - Remediation - Seed - Soils - Specific surface area - Stabilization - Vanadium - X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Application prospect - Biological effects - Contaminant molecules - Electrostatic repulsion - Heavy metal contaminated soils - Iron manganese oxide - Stabilizing materials - Surface active sites
Classification code:454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 543.6 Vanadium and Alloys - 761 Nanotechnology - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 933 Solid State Physics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.22e-02yr, Percentage 1.97e+01% to 3.07e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Specific_Surface_Area 1.12e+05m2/kg, Specific_Volume 2.44e-04m3/kg
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 17>
Accession number:20200708184228
Title:Improvement on characteristics of air flow field in cold storage with vertical wall attached ventilation
Title of translation:竖壁贴附送风改善冷藏库内流场特性
Authors:Bai, Tongtong (1); Nan, Xiaohong (1); Jin, Baohong (1); Chu, Zhengpeng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an; 710055, China
Corresponding author:Nan, Xiaohong(nanxh@xauat.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:331-337
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:During the storage of fruits and vegetables, the uniformity of air distribution inside the cold storage store is crucial to affect both the storage quality of fruits or vegetables and energy efficiency of supply air. In the traditional cooling fan direct blowing air supply mode, some local air velocities and temperatures are easily to be larger than those required for cargo area, which would greatly reduce the uniformity of air distribution and the storage quality of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, the reasonable airflow organization is critical to the air distribution of the cold storage and must be carefully considered. In order to improve the uniformity of indoor air distribution, the study introduced the vertical wall attached ventilation which originated applied for indoor climate control of public buildings. To investigate the flow characteristics of the vertical wall attached ventilation, a three-dimensional SST k-ω solution model was established to study the distribution characteristics of the flow field and the cooling effect of the stored cargo. According to the practical array of the stored apples, the cargo area was regarded briefly as porous medium zone. In order to ensure the accuracy of the numerical calculation and the rationality of the mathematical model, grid independence verification and experimental verification were carried out. The accuracy of numerical calculation was studied by comparison with some accepted correlations and the rationality of the mathematical model was proved. The velocity distribution and temperature distribution of typical sections were monitored to illustrate the air flow pattern and temperature distribution characteristics under the vertical wall attached ventilation mode. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional air supply by cooling fan for direct blowing, it was clarified that the vertical wall attached ventilation could form a more uniformly temperature distribution and velocity distribution on the monitoring section and monitoring line. However, the air distribution of monitoring section and monitoring line could not fully reflect the overall temperature and velocity distribution inside the cold storage. Furthermore, the air distribution evaluation index was introduced and calculated in order to fully understand the temperature distribution characteristics of the studied cold storage room. First of all, in order to reflect the uniformity of air distribution, the non-uniformity coefficient of temperature and non-uniformity of velocity were introduced. According to the temperature and velocity values of 40 measuring points in each stack, the velocity non-uniformity coefficient and temperature non-uniformity coefficient were calculated under two air distribution modes. It was manifested that the vertical wall attached ventilation enabled non-uniformity coefficient of temperature and non-uniformity of velocity to decrease by 31% and 47%, respectively at the same air supply flow rate and temperature. Secondly, to evaluate the energy utilization of the air supply, the energy utilization efficiency of the two modes was calculated from monitoring air supply temperature, air return temperature and average temperature in the cargo area. It was indicated that the vertical wall attached ventilation made the energy utilization increase by 19% due to the more sufficient heat exchange between the air and cargo. Since the vertical wall attached ventilation can form a more uniform air distribution under a higher energy utilization rate, it can effectively improve indoor air distribution characteristics and well meet the storage requirements of fruits and vegetables.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Air
Controlled terms:Air quality - Cold storage - Computer simulation - Energy efficiency - Energy utilization - Fans - Flow fields - Flow patterns - Fruits - Oceanography - Porous materials - Temperature distribution - Thermal processing (foods) - Vegetables - Velocity - Velocity distribution - Ventilation - Walls (structural partitions)
Uncontrolled terms:Airflow organizations - Distribution characteristics - Energy utilization efficiency - Experimental verification - Indoor climate control - Non-uniformities - Numerical calculation - Vertical wall
Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 471.1 Oceanography, General - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 618.3 Blowers and Fans - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 643.5 Ventilation - 644.3 Refrigeration Equipment and Components - 723.5 Computer Applications - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 3.10e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 18>
Accession number:20200708184159
Title:Detection of cohesive soil water content based on early signal amplitude envelope of ground penetrating radar
Title of translation:基于探地雷达早期信号振幅包络值的黏性土壤含水率探测
Authors:Wu, Zhiyuan (1); Du, Wenfeng (1); Nie, Junli (2); Cui, Fan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining Technology (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Lab of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guizhou University, Guiyang; 550025, China
Corresponding author:Nie, Junli(38240493@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:115-121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Cohesive soil is a common soil medium in land resource evaluation and farmland land consolidation. The dielectric properties, physical, chemical properties and mechanical properties of cohesive soils are closely related to the soil water content. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), as a fast and non-destructive detection tool, can provide information about electromagnetic wave propagation in the ground, so as to realize the detection of underground media. Especially in soil water content detection, ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been widely used. However, due to the complex composition of cohesive soil and the fast attenuation of electromagnetic waves in cohesive, GPR is rarely used in the detection of water content in cohesive soil, which greatly restricts the application and development of GPR technology. The early signal of radar wave is the signal generated by the superposition of air wave and ground wave due to the small distance between the transmitting and receiving antenna, and it can also reflect the physical properties of the surrounding medium. The results show that there is a certain correlation between the early signal amplitude, waveform and soil water content. For cohesive soils, most of the radar wave energy has been lost near the surface due to the high conductivity, so ground waves are more useful waveform signals than reflected waves. In order to verify the accuracy of GPR, AEA (average amplitude envelope) method in detecting the water content of cohesive soil, this study used GPR to detect the soil water content of field farmland (<0.3 m) before and after rainfall, and TDR was used for comparison. The results showed that there was a certain correlation between soil water content and clay content. In a large area (1 000 m long survey line), the average soil water content detected by TDR was 14.16, 16.91 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The average soil water content detected by AEA method was 14.62, 17.88 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively, and the difference between them and the measured water content by TDR was 0.46, 0.97 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The water content detected by the two methods had extremely significant correlation (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients were 0.825 and 0.814, respectively (P<0.01). Within a small range (40 m×40 m), the water content of cohesive soil detected by TDR before and after rainfall was 14.11, 16.77 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The average soil water content detected by AEA method was 14.86, 17.46 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup>, respectively, which were 0.74, 0.69 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup> higher than that measured by TDR. The correlation coefficients of water content detected by the two methods were 0.701 and 0.827, respectively (P<0.01). Analysis of the water cut plane distribution of the two detection methods showed that the soil water content detected by AEA method was similar to TDR method. The results showed that ground penetrating radar (GPR) AEA model could accurately detect the water content of cohesive soil. The conventional GPR common mid point method and fixed offset method were used to detect the water content of cohesive soil in the study area. The results showed that neither of the two methods could effectively detect the moisture content of cohesive soil.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Ground penetrating radar systems
Controlled terms:Circular waveguides - Dielectric properties - Electromagnetic wave attenuation - Electromagnetic wave propagation - Farms - Geological surveys - Geophysical prospecting - Moisture determination - Radar - Rain - Receiving antennas - Soil moisture - Soils - Tracking radar - Water content - Wave energy conversion
Uncontrolled terms:AEA method - Amplitude envelope - Complex compositions - Correlation coefficient - Ground Penetrating Radar - Ground penetrating radar (GPR) - Land consolidations - Nondestructive detection
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 481.1 Geology - 481.4 Geophysical Prospecting - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 615.6 Wave Energy - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 714.3 Waveguides - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing:Size 1.00e+03m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 19>
Accession number:20200708184253
Title:Biocrude oil production via co-liquefaction of toilet feces and crude glycerol
Title of translation:厕所粪便与粗甘油共液化制备生物原油研究
Authors:Wang, Yingxian (1); Wu, Xiangyang (1); Wang, Meng (1); Lu, Jianwen (1); Zhang, Yuanhui (1, 2); Liu, Zhidan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana; IL; 61801, United States
Corresponding author:Liu, Zhidan(zdliu@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:181-186
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a kind of technology that can convert wet organic waste into energy. Toilet feces contain many pathogens, which can cause pollution to groundwater. Crude glycerol is a byproduct in the process of bio-diesel production. The rational utilization of crude glycerol is of great importance to reduce the cost and mitigate the environmental pollution in large-scale bio-diesel production. By doing this, we can achieve the harmless treatment of toilet feces, the reuse of crude glycerol, and energy production. In this study, the toilet feces and crude glycerol were used as the feedstock for biocrude oil production via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The effects of different mass ratios of toilet feces to crude glycerol (1:0, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 0:1) on the liquefaction products (biocrude oil, aqueous phase, solid residue and gas) yield, liquefaction rate, energy recovery rate and biocrude oil properties were investigated at the optimal reaction condition (reaction temperature: 340℃, retention time: 10 min, and total solid: 25%) from the previous study. The highest biocrude oil yield of 40.6% reached under the mass ratio of toilet feces to crude glycerol 1:3, increased by 18% compared with using feces only. Meanwhile, the highest liquefaction rate was 94.8%, increased by 15%. Crude glycerol had a beneficial effect on the HTL conversion of toilet feces. This was due to the methanol and organic acids in crude glycerol, which could promote the formation of biocrude oil during HTL. The high heating value (HHV) of biocrude oil was 40.29 MJ/kg, increased by 97.8% compared with toilet feces. However, adding crude glycerol to the toilet feces had little effect on the HHV of biocrude oil. The lowest water content in biocrude oil was 0.23% under the mass ratio of toilet feces to crude glycerol 1:2. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was performed to understand the composition of biocrude oil. The hydrocarbons contents of biocrude were increased after adding crude glycerol to the toilet feces. The acids in biocrude oil were decreased significantly (26%-44%), indicating that the biocrude oil was more stable. However, the content of nitrogen-containing compounds in biocrude oil increased after adding crude glycerol indicated that denitrogenation was required before the biocrude oil using as the transport fuel. A thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to simulate the distribution of boiling points in biocrude oil. The increase of the light fraction and the reduction of the residue fraction of toilet feces biocrude oil after adding crude glycerol indicated that crude glycerol could improve the quality of toilet feces biocrude oil via HTL. In addition, the energy recovery rate was 85% under the mass ratio of toilet feces and crude glycerol 1:3. It was 25% higher than that of using toilet feces only. From the perspective of environment and energy, adding crude glycerol to toilet waste during the HTL process is expected to be an effective way to solve the toilet feces problem.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Petroleum transportation
Controlled terms:Diesel engines - Fertilizers - Glycerol - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Liquefaction - Manures - Wastes
Uncontrolled terms:Biocrude oil - Crude glycerol - Environment and energies - Environmental pollutions - Gas chromatograph mass spectrometers - Hydrothermal liquefactions - Optimal reaction condition - Thermal gravimetric analyzer
Classification code:444.2 Groundwater - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.80e+01%, Percentage 2.30e-01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.60e+01% to 4.40e+01%, Percentage 4.06e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.48e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01%, Specific_Energy 4.03e+07J/kg, Time 6.00e+02s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 20>
Accession number:20200708184263
Title:Rural revitalization path under urban-rural integration economic development in karst region of southwest China
Title of translation:西南喀斯特地区城乡融合发展乡村振兴路径研究
Authors:Zhang, Junyi (1, 2); Su, Weici (1, 2); Wang, Lachun (3); Li, Xuemei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing; 401331, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing; 401331, China; (3) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:1-8
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The southwest karst region of China is the key and difficult area for rural revitalization. In view of the conditions and problems faced by the rural revitalization of the southwestern karst region, the paper discusses the relationship between urban and rural development and the path, mode and countermeasure of rural revitalization in the southwestern karst region of China. The result shows that: 1) On the basis of the existing urban system, a new type of mountainous urban system with small cities, small towns, key towns and central villages as the main body will be built to increase the urbanization rate and reduce the number of rural population and villages, and to a certain extent, improve the integration of urban and rural areas and realize the rural revitalization. 2) To achieve the deep integration of urban and rural economic development, the new mountainous characteristic urban system and agricultural modernization transformation is the core. On the basis of reducing the number of rural population and rural, we will realize agricultural modernization transformation with the multiple intensification, improve agricultural labor productivity, promote the deep integration of rural economy and urban economy, enable agricultural production to better share the fruits of economic development, ensure farmers' income is not lower than the average income level of migrant workers, and form a "endogenous" driving sustainable development mechanism of rural revitalization.3) On the specific path selection of rural revitalization: first, combined with the characteristics of karst mountain, we will focus on the implementation of new mountain characteristic urban construction projects, optimize the existing urban system through construction of small cities, small towns, key towns and central villages, fully realize local urbanization, enhance the radiation drive of towns, and promote the integration of urban economy and rural economic. Second, carrying out the multi-intensive agricultural modernization transformation of "labor and technology and capital", improve unit land productivity and unit labor productivity, resolve the contradiction between "small production" and "big market" of rural agriculture in the southwestern karst region, realize the close relationship between rural economy and market economy, leave agricultural profits in rural villages, to improve the link between rural economy and market economy, to leave agricultural profits in rural areas, and ensure the continuous increase of farmers' income. Third, implement of the construction of vertical and horizontal extension industrialization of karst mountain-specific agriculture. Through the integration of agricultural product strains and production supply and marketing, the vertical industrialization of agriculture is extended. Relying on historical and cultural villages, ethnic villages or production bases of characteristic agricultural products, etc., through rural tourism, agricultural tourism integration project or rural pastoral complex project, to achieve the horizontal industrialization of agriculture, agricultural production and economic development of the deep integration, to achieve the horizontal industrialization of agriculture, promote the deep integration of agricultural production and economic development, to achieve the development of agricultural endogenous drive, and finally achieve the endogenous sustainable development of rural revitalization. 4) In terms of rural revitalization support policies, we should start from the following aspects: First, according to local conditions, scientific planning, to build a reasonable new urban and rural system in southwest karst mountain. Second, innovate the agricultural management system and give full play to the leading agricultural enterprises and large agricultural households. With agricultural cooperatives, "companies and farmers", land circulation, land trusteeship and other modes of operation, achieve the organic convergence of farmers' agricultural production and market, to ensure farmers' income and stimulate the vitality of farmers. Third, strengthen rural intelligence and talent support; improve the level of scientific and cultural level of farmers. Fourth, innovate the rural land use and management system mechanism, invigorate rural land resources, and activate the bidirectional of urban and rural factors. Fifth, further improve the supporting role of infrastructure to ensure the transformation and revitalization of rural development.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:41
Main heading:Rural areas
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Agriculture - Commerce - Economic and social effects - Employment - Land use - Landforms - Modernization - Planning - Productivity - Profitability - Regional planning - Sustainable development - Tourism
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural cooperatives - Agricultural management systems - Agricultural modernizations - Agricultural productions - Agricultural transformation - Development path - Southwest China - Urban-rural integrations
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 481.1 Geology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 912.2 Management - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 21>
Accession number:20200708184352
Title:Vitality evaluation of basic farmland protection zone community
Title of translation:基本农田保护区共同体活力评价研究
Authors:Fang, Yishu (1, 2); Ai, Dong (1, 2); Zu, Jian (1, 2); Sun, Weijian (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality and Monitoring, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China; (3) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author:Ai, Dong(aidong@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:90-98
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:At present, when constructing basic farmland protection zone in China, they always pay more attention to the functional quality of basic farmland itself, while ignoring the relationship between basic farmland and supporting infrastructure and ecological land, and lack of awareness of "co-governing, co-construction, and management". There is an increasingly intensified contradiction between the agricultural production and the development of construction land.The quantity,landscape and ecological systerm of basic farmland protection zone have been affected. In order to solve this main contradiction, this paper analyzes the theoretical framework system of the basic farmland protection community, and builds the basic farmland protection zone community vitality evaluation index system, taking Quzhou county, a typical agricultural county in the Huanghuaihai Plain, as the case zone.According to the research path of the basic farmland protection zone community "factor status analysis-community vitality assessment-damaged living body identification-comprehensive management and protection recommendations", the community has conducted a more deep research in the three basic time points of 2009, 2013 and 2017. On this basis, the main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1)In view of the problems existing in the current basic farmland protection, on the basis of domestic and foreign research, the meaning of the basic farmland protectionzone community is defined as a community of life for mutual protection includes basic farmland, basic supporting facilities and small ecological space; 2)Based on the theory of life community, the indicators in the evaluation index system of the basic farmland protection community are divided into four aspects: survivability, development, stability and environmental pressure.Then the analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the level of the indicator system weights; 3)The basic farmland protection zone community is relatively stable and fluctuates between Level II and Level III. In 2009, the evaluation level of Quzhou county basic farmland protection zone community vitality was in the state of Grade III. Except Quzhou Town was in Grade II state, and the rest of the towns and villages were in Grade III state. In 2013, the evaluation of Quzhou county basic farmland protection zone community vitality is in the state of II, Quzhou town, Houcun town, Yanqiao township and Dahedao township are in grade II state, and the remaining townships are in Grade III state; in 2017, the evaluation of Quzhou county basic farmland protection zone community vitality is in Level III, except Quzhou town and Dahedao township are in the second-level state, and the rest of the townships are in the state of Grade III; 4)From the perspective of the spatial distribution of towns and villages, the trend of the level of vitality first rises and then declines during the inter-annual period. In 2013, the level of vitality evaluation was the highest in the township level II, and the distribution pattern of townships along the road network with higher vitality level was presented. The research results can provide a strong basis for strengthening the construction of the basic farmland life community knowledge system and comprehensive land improvement.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Ecology - Models - Rural areas
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Community of life - Comprehensive managements - Distribution patterns - Evaluation index system - Farmland protections - Hebei Province - Vitality coefficient
Classification code:454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 22>
Accession number:20200708184121
Title:Effect of reducing runoff, sediment, soil nitrogen and phosphorus losses in sloping farmland based on short ridge of clover hedgerow with ridge tillage
Title of translation:植物篱埂垄向区田技术对坡耕地水土和氮磷流失控制研究
Authors:Yang, Shiqi (1, 2); Xing, Lei (1, 2); Liu, Hongyuan (1, 2); Yang, Zhengli (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing; 100081, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:209-215
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Based on the demand of non-point source pollution control in Songhua River basin, the technique of short ridge of clover (Trifolium) hedgerow with ridge tillage (SRCHRT) was applied to research the control effect of the runoff, sediment, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses in sloping farmland. SRCHRT is a novel technique that could decrease soil and water losses in sloping farmland, in which, the furrow between ridges the short ridge that is as high as ridge is piled up by a certain distance, and grass is planted in these short ridge, the grass and short ridge form hedgerow ridge, and hedgerow ridge and long ridge form the technique that is named SRCHRT. SRCHRT gained the national invention patent in 2018 and can retard runoff and control soil and soil N and P losses. A three-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of application of SRCHRT on reducing sediment, runoff, and soil N and P losses in sloping farmland in the Songhua River basin. There are eight treatments, including two control, three space SRCHRT and three space short ridge of non-clover hedgerow with ridge tillage (SRNCHRT), the two controls were traditional longitudinal ridge tillage (CK1) and cross ridge tillage (CK2), three space SRCHRT were longitudinal ridge tillage + 1 m space short ridge with clover hedgerow (T1), longitudinal ridge tillage + 3 m space short ridge with clover hedgerow (T2), longitudinal ridge tillage + 5 m space short ridge with clover hedgerow (T3), longitudinal ridge tillage + 1 m space short ridge without clover hedgerow (T4), longitudinal ridge tillage + 3 m space short ridge without clover hedgerow (T5), and longitudinal ridge tillage + 5 m space short ridge without clover hedgerow (T6). Clover was chosen as the hedgerow. The results indicated as follow: 1) Compared with the traditional longitudinal ridge tillage (CK1), the sediment and runoff of CK2 decreased 46.9% and 52.9%; T1, T2 and T3 decreased sediment by 44.6%, 44.1% and 42.1%, respectively, and runoff by 50.6%, 49.8% and 49.2%, respectively. T4, T5 and T6 can also decrease water and soil losses in sloping farmland, compared with T1, T2 and T3, T4, T5 and T6 increased sediment by 16.3%, 12.6% and 29.5%, respectively, and runoff by 29.6%, 46.8% and 76.9%, respectively. The SRCHRT method in controlling sediment and runoff losses were close to cross ridge tillage (CK2), but there were significant differences (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the traditional longitudinal ridge tillage (CK1), total N (TN) concentration of sediment and TN concentration of runoff of all treatments were increased but total P (TP) concentration of sediment and TN concentration of runoff of all treatments were unchanged. TN and TP concentration of all treatments were increased and there were significant differences among treatments about TN concentration and no significant differences among treatments about TP concentration. The soil N from sloping farmland was not increased at all because of the higher TN concentration of SRCHRT runoff, and the losses of soil N was reduced by an average of 19.7% because the contribution of runoff reduction was more than TN concentration of runoff increment. 3) SRCHRT had significant effect of water and soil control and can decrease sediment, runoff, soil N and P losses in sloping farmland. From the cost-effective considerations, the 3-5 space short ridge of SRCHRT was recommended, and small spaces were suitable for bigger slope, the top and middle slope, longer spaces were suitable for smaller slope and the down of slope. SRCHRT can increase the corn yield by 5%-5.6%.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Agricultural runoff
Controlled terms:Cost effectiveness - Farms - Nitrogen - Patents and inventions - Phosphorus - Pollution control - River pollution - Runoff - Sediments - Soils - Watersheds - Wooden fences
Uncontrolled terms:Nitrogen and phosphorus - Non-point source pollution - Novel techniques - Ridge tillage - Sloping farmlands - Soil and water loss - Songhua river basins - Water and soil loss
Classification code:415.3 Wood Structural Materials - 444.1 Surface Water - 453 Water Pollution - 453.1 Water Pollution Sources - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 911.2 Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.26e+01%, Percentage 1.63e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 2.95e+01%, Percentage 2.96e+01%, Percentage 4.21e+01%, Percentage 4.41e+01%, Percentage 4.46e+01%, Percentage 4.68e+01%, Percentage 4.69e+01%, Percentage 4.92e+01%, Percentage 4.98e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00% to 5.60e+00%, Percentage 5.06e+01%, Percentage 7.69e+01%, Size 1.00e+00m, Size 3.00e+00m, Size 5.00e+00m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 23>
Accession number:20200708184181
Title:Biomass charcoal catalytic with Ca/Fe enhancing hydrogen production by pyrolysis volatile steam reforming
Title of translation:Ca/Fe强化生物炭催化秸秆热解挥发分蒸汽重整产氢
Authors:Pang, Yunji (1); Meng, Haonan (1); Chen, Yisheng (1); Liu, Xinming (1); Wu, Yuting (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou; 014010, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Yisheng(chenabc_518@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:187-192
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Improving pyrolysis gas quality is a hot issue in biomass pyrolysis gasification technology. In recent years, it has been generally accepted that the addition of a catalyst can effectively improve the pyrolysis effect of biomass. Biochar, as a by-product of biomass pyrolysis, has the advantages of strong adsorption, low deactivation, good catalytic effect, and low cost. In this paper, biochar was used as a catalyst to investigate the steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis volatiles. And, corn stalk granules were selected as the research object. The ex-situ catalysis method was used to form a stable catalytic carbon bed above the grate so that the biomass charcoal fully acted on the pyrolysis volatiles, and the steam condition was added during the test to improve the biochar. For the catalytic effect of pyrolysis gas, Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>(adding ratio of 10%) and CaO (adding ratio of 10%) were used as auxiliary agents to enhance the catalytic activity of biomass carbon and to improve the biomass pyrolysis gas. The corn straw was 5 g, the flow rate of stream was 0.5 mL/min, the reaction temperature were set on 600, 700 and 800℃.The test results showed that the pyrolysis gas components of the corn straw granule gasification test mainly include CH<inf>4</inf>, C<inf>n</inf>H<inf>m</inf>, CO, CO<inf>2</inf>, and H<inf>2</inf>. After adding biochar, the quality of pyrolysis gas was effectively improved, especially the gas component of H<inf>2</inf> in pyrolysis gas was increased. The increase was most obvious at 800℃, which was 7.3% higher than that without biochar. The amount of pyrolysis gas was also increased, increasing up to 1 238 mL at 700℃. The addition of the biochar-Fe catalyst could significantly increase the gas volume of pyrolysis gas, especially the H<inf>2</inf> in pyrolysis gas. The H<inf>2</inf> gas in pyrolysis gas was 2 987 mL at 800℃, compared with none, biochar and biochar-Ca, they were increased by 1803, 1 261, and 1 055 mL at the same temperature. Biochar-Fe have a good promoting effect on the preparation of hydrogen-rich pyrolysis gas. The biochar-Ca catalyst could increase the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas, and the addition of CaO had the effect of absorbing CO<inf>2</inf> in the pyrolysis gas. The maximum value reached 14.22 MJ/m<sup>3</sup> at 800℃, and its calorific value increased by 2.62, 2.7 and 3.85 MJ/m<sup>3</sup> at the same temperature than none, biochar and biochar-Fe. It is seen that CaO can be used as an auxiliary for preparing higher calorific value gases.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Steam reforming
Controlled terms:Biomass - Calorific value - Carbon - Carbon dioxide - Catalyst activity - Catalytic reforming - Charcoal - Gasification - Granulation - Hematite - Hydrogen production - Pyrolysis - Steam - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Auxiliary agents - Bio chars - Biomass pyrolysis - Catalytic effects - Catalyzer - Promoting effect - Reaction temperature - Research object
Classification code:482.2 Minerals - 522 Gas Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing:Mass 5.00e-03kg, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 7.30e+00%, Volume 1.05e-03m3, Volume 1.24e-03m3, Volume 2.99e-03m3
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 24>
Accession number:20200708184186
Title:Design of supporting system on rotary drum bioreactor for solid-state fermentation and finite element analysis
Title of translation:转鼓式固体发酵罐支承结构设计及有限元分析
Authors:Li, Hongshen (1, 2); Li, Shizhong (1, 2); Cao, Baogang (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Beijing Engineering, Research Center for Biofuels, Beijing; 100084, China; (3) Tianchen Corporation of China, Tianjin; 300400, China
Corresponding author:Li, Shizhong(szli@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:141-147
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The technology of advanced solid state fermentation (ASSF) from sweet sorghum to produce fuel ethanol has broad prospects under the background of shortage of energy. In order to realize the large-scale, automatic and continuous production of the process, a type of rotary drum bioreactor is developed. The supporting system of the bioreactor is mainly composed by friction ring, supporting wheel and wheel shaft, which is the most decisive factor for the safety and stable operation of bioreactor. The pattern design of bioreactor supporting system refers to the rotary kiln used in metallurgical or construction material industry. However, due to the differences in construction, stream characteristics and the load condition between two types of equipment, the analysis of the supporting systems are distinguishing. The bioreactor and its supporting system is failure in operation mainly caused by fatigue crack on the surface of welding joint and stiffness deficiency of cylinder. By analyzing the rotating characteristics of sweet sorghum bagasse in bioreactor, the load condition on the friction ring and cylinder, which considered as a whole element due to two parts welding together, was determined. Based on APDL programing in ANSYS, a three dimensional multi-body model for three parts of supporting system with complex loading of distribution was modeled according to the actual dimension of the parts. The contact elements were used on the interface of friction ring and supporting wheel and the interface fit of wheel and its shaft. SOLID186, a three dimensional element with 20 nodes was selected to build entity. TARGE170 and CONTA174, the interface contact element provided by ANSYS, were selected to simulate the relative motion of parts in the system. Using the manner of key points and lines controlling in the meshing, 5 400 elements were divided. Numerical simulations of contact nonlinear finite elements were presented on the mechanical behavior of the supporting system in the working condition. The stress distribution of friction ring, supporting wheel and the shaft was solved. Cylinder deformation and fatigue failure were focused in finite element analysis. Through the method of path analysis, the maximum deformation on the cylinder was determined, which was combined with welding deformation to be considered as a control condition in the process of design and manufacture of cylinder. The design parameter refers to the deformation deviation of external pressure vessel on Chinese standard. The generation and diffusion of fatigue crack on the end surface of wheel shaft and the welding joint between friction ring and cylinder were predicted. Reducing the welding residual stress and the stress concentration on key parts was an effective method to avoid fatigue damage, which could be carried out by improved specification on fabrication drawings of equipment. High stress concentration was shown in contour at the internal discontinuity of supporting wheel. So fillets were designed at the connection of the ribs and the inner wheel on fabrication drawing. Electrical stress measurement method was used to indicate the effectiveness of finite element analysis of supporting system. The results showed that the maximum simulation error was 8.61% and the stress distribution obtained by finite element calculation was of high accuracy. These findings can apply as instructions for the design of similar rotary equipment applied in agriculture.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Finite element method
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Bioconversion - Bioreactors - Construction equipment - Cracks - Cylinders (shapes) - Deformation - Design - Fatigue crack propagation - Fatigue of materials - Fermentation - Friction - Process control - Regression analysis - Rotary kilns - Safety factor - Stress concentration - Welding - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:ASSF - External pressure vessels - High stress concentration - Rotary drum - Solid-state fermentation - Supporting systems - Three-dimensional elements - Welding residual stress
Classification code:405.1 Construction Equipment - 461.8 Biotechnology - 538.2 Welding - 601.2 Machine Components - 642.2 Industrial Furnaces and Components - 801.2 Biochemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.61e+00%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 25>
Accession number:20200708184339
Title:Remote sensing identification method of flood-inundated area based on perceptual visual attention
Title of translation:基于视觉注意机制的洪涝淹没区遥感识别方法
Authors:Wang, Quanfang (1); Zhang, Yu (1); Wang, Qianqian (1, 2); Sun, Pei (1, 3); Chen, Longyue (1); Yang, Yuqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan; 430062, China; (2) Anhui Transport Consulting & Design Institute Co., LTD, Hefei; 230000, China; (3) Changjiang Institute of Survey Technical Researvh, MWR, Wuhan; 430011, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Qianqian(1294293999@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:296-304
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Emergency flood relief needs fast and precise spatial information of flood-inundated area. Because of spectral similarity to some extent, inundated area was often viewed as water body and then derived from remote sensing classification result of the water areas before flood disaster minus that after flood disaster, which often caused difficulties in separating inundated area from true water body (e.g. river, lake or reservoir) and waterlogged cropland. This paper proposed an optimized method for identifying inundated area based on human perceptual visual attention and spatio-temporal variation characteristics of flood. Flood-inundated area is a temporary compound of water and other flooded objects (e.g., crops). It has specific spatio-temporal dynamic property, which differs from that of water body and could be used as a stable basis for remote sense identification of the inundated area. After the specific property was digitalized into numerical and visual data by generating a composite RGB color imagery of NDVI, MNDWI before the flood event and NDWI after the inundation, apparent coloring difference between water body and the inundated area in the imagery was reached. To gain reliable machine-vision detection based results of the flood-inundated area, an imagery of Munsell HLC color was transformed from the RGB imagery and then adopted in unsupervised classification based on coefficient of NBS color distance and K-means clustering algorithm. A case was studied on applying the proposed method to derive information of the inundated area in 2016 flood disaster in middle reaches of Yangtze River Basin and using Landsat OLI images. And an error confusion matrix method was adopted in the accuracy assessment on recognition results of the inundated area. The results showed that the proposed method gained excellent detection of the area with coefficients of Kappa and composite classification accuracy (CCA) equal to 93.4% and 88.5%, respectively. A controlled experiment on the credibility of different remote sensing classification methods for the same identification object (i.e. flooded-inundated area) was also made. It proved the proposed method for detection of flood-inundated area based on the selective visual attention mechanism could effectively improve the accuracy of remote sensing identification on the area with its CCA coefficient of 5% larger than that of the traditional method. The proposed method also had good performance on easily separating the flooded-inundated areas from water and waterlogged cropland, especially helped solving the misclassification between the flooded-inundated area and the water body. These benefited from three keys: 1) The inundated area was viewed as that not equal to water coverage in remote sensing classification, which could be proven by the former's higher heterogeneity and its different spatio-temporal dynamic property. As a result, the identification uncertainty of the area was reduced. 2) Digital visualization of spatio-temporal variation features of the inundated area was completed through data fusion of NDWI after the inundation and NDVI and MNDWI before the flood event, which enhanced the area's visual saliency on the remote sensing image and made it possible to identify them using machine-vision color clustering. 3) Difference of the flooded-inundated areas from the water and waterlogged cropland was precisely captured in the NBS image in HLC space that was transformed from the fusion image at an optimized RGB color matching scheme (i.e. red given to NDWI after the inundation, green and blue to NDVI and MNDWI before the inundation, respectively). During summer flooding of the study area in 2016, the waterlogged farmland with crops uncovered by water was about 19 143.35 hm<sup>2</sup> while the inundated acreage was up to 142 157.5 hm<sup>2</sup>, among which 16.6% (i.e. 23 579 hm<sup>2</sup>) was being planted with rice paddy. Additionally, most of the inundated areas located in low-lying land along mainstream of the middle Yangtze River and its two branches, namely Hanjiang River and Fuhe River. The most severe flood disaster occurred in Wuhan City with 34 492 hm<sup>2</sup> of the inundated acreage.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:48
Main heading:Floods
Controlled terms:Behavioral research - Color - Color image processing - Color matching - Computer vision - Crops - Data visualization - Disasters - Error detection - Image enhancement - Image fusion - K-means clustering - Remote sensing - Reservoirs (water) - Rivers - Space optics - Visualization - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of NBS Color Distance - Remote sensing classification - Spatio-temporal dynamics - Spatio-temporal variation - Unsupervised classification - Visual Attention - Visual attention mechanisms - Yangtze River basin
Classification code:441.2 Reservoirs - 444.1 Surface Water - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.2 Vision - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 971 Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 8.85e+01%, Percentage 9.34e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 26>
Accession number:20200708184348
Title:Data storage and query method of agricultural products traceability information based on blockchain
Title of translation:基于区块链的农产品追溯系统信息存储模型与查询方法
Authors:Yang, Xinting (1, 2, 3); Wang, Mingting (1, 2, 3); Xu, Daming (2, 3); Luo, Na (2, 3); Sun, Chuanheng (2, 3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Laboratory for Quality and Safety Traceability Technology and Application of Agricultural Products, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author:Sun, Chuanheng(sunch@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:323-330
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Food safety has become an important topic in people's daily lives. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of food safety incidents have caused a crisis of trust between consumers and the food industry. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to establish an efficient and trusted traceability system for agricultural products. In the practical application of the traditional traceability system, the data of the production, processing, packaging, transportation, storage and sales of agricultural products are stored in the local database of each node, data in traditional traceability systems is centralized, and authoritative agencies manage the central database of the traceability system. Because the traceability data of each supply chain node is managed by the enterprise itself, the data is easy to be tampered with. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the reliability of information transmission between different roles in agricultural supply chain.Blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, traceability, and high availability. Using these characteristics of blockchain and using blockchain technology to trace agricultural products, it is possible to solve the problems existing in the current traditional traceability system.At present, Scholars in China and abroad have studied the application of blockchain in the field of traceability. However, the traceability system of blockchain have some problems, such as low query efficiency, high data-storage load, and poor data privacy and security. In order to solve the above problems, this study designed a storage structure for a blockchain-based traceability system for agricultural products based on Hyperledger Fabric and proposed an index storage and query method for gtraceability information. In this method, "On chain and off chain" data storage technology is used, the enterprise first digitally signs the hash value of the traceability information of agricultural products, writes the hash value into the blockchain, and returns the block number to the blockchain where the hash value is located. Then, the traceability information of agricultural products and the block number are stored in the local database of each node. If the information of agricultural products needs to be modified, it is necessary to rewrite the hash value of the traceability information to the blockchain and update the block number. When consumers scan the QR code of agricultural products, the traceability information and block number is obtained from the local database, the value is calculated by hash algorithm for the acquired traceability information, and compare it with this newly acquired hash value with the hash value stored in the blockchain by block number to verify the authenticity of traceability information of agricultural products. The result showed that, when the number of total traceability records reached 11×10<sup>4</sup> in the blockchain and the number of batch traceability records was 400 respectively, the query efficiency of the newly proposed method was increased by 70.56% and 88.66% compared to two traditional blockchain-based data query methods of query performed using the value of key attribute and querying performed using the batch number of agricultural products through the rich query of the CouchDB database, respectively. The approach of this paper effectively solves the problem of excessive load pressure of blockchain data storage, ensures data privacy and security, and improves the reliability and timeliness of traceability information.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Information management
Controlled terms:Accident prevention - Agricultural products - Blockchain - Data privacy - Digital storage - Efficiency - Food safety - Hash functions - Query processing - Search engines - Supply chains
Uncontrolled terms:Data privacy and securities - Data storage technology - Efficient query - Reliability of information - Traceability - Traceability information - Traceability records - Traceability systems
Classification code:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 913.1 Production Engineering - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.06e+01%, Percentage 8.87e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 27>
Accession number:20200708184198
Title:1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and chitosan maintaining quality and its mechanization of postharvest jujube fruit
Title of translation:1-MCP和壳聚糖处理保持红枣贮藏品质及其机理研究
Authors:Chen, Guogang (1); Guo, Jingyu (1); Yu, Yi (1); Wang, Hai (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832000, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Planning& Design, Beijing; 100125, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:338-344
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Gray jujube has been planted in Xinjiang for more than 50 years, and is considered as the leading variety of jujube industry in Xinjiang. However, the harvesting period of gray jujube is concentrated, and it is easy to soften and mildew. Therefore, dry gray jujube has become the main commodity mode, even if this will seriously affect its nutritional quality and commodity value. In fact, fresh gray jujube has better flavor and higher quality than other fresh jujube varieties. Therefore, it is necessary to build a green and efficient preservation technology to extend the storage and preservation period, and promote the commercialization of fresh gray jujube. AnsiP-S, a paper-type 1-MCP sustained-release agent, which can maintain good stability during storage, accurately controls treatment concentration, and is easy to operate, so it can be used for commercial storage of fruits; Chitosan (COS) is a kind of biodegradable polysaccharide polymer with remarkable effects on disease inhibition and antibacterial activity, which is considered to be an effective and pollution-free storage and preservation method. Taking gray jujube as test materials and dealing with AnsiP-S and COS, to study the effect of optimal concentration and compound treatment on the storage quality of fresh gray jujube. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO),lipoxygenase (LOX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) on fruit senescence and membrane lipid peroxidation were described, and the importance of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in antioxidant enzyme system were explored, it is hoped to provide theoretical reference for the application of jujube preservation technology. The results showed that 1.50 μL/L 1-MCP treatment had a better effect on the storage of gray jujube fruit at (0 ± 1)℃ (relative humidity 90%-95%); 1% COS had a good effect on inhibiting fruit rot rate and weight loss rate; while the combination of 1.50 μL/L 1-MCP and 1% COS had the best effect, which was conducive to maintaining the storage quality of gray jujube fruits, delaying the senescence of gray jujube fruits and prolonging the shelf life. The decay rate and weight loss rate of 1-MCP+COS decreased by 53.4% and 51.2% respectively compared with CK, and the TSS content increased by 18.6% at the end of storage,The difference was significant (P<0.05), and the hardness of 1-MCP+COS was still higher than that of CK for 60 days, the peak of respiration and ethylene rate were delayed for 10 days, and the peak values decreased by 12.5% and 44.3% respectively. The activities of PPO, LOX and MDA were significantly inhibited, and the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes were increased: the peak level of SOD increased by 58.2%, the peak value of CAT increased by 34.8%, the POD activity of 90 days was 1.98 times of CK, and the APX activity was 51.7%. It can be seen that 1-MCP+COS treatment is an effective storage technology to prolong the shelf life and improve the quality of gray jujube after harvest.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Antioxidants - Biodegradable polymers - Chitosan - Decay (organic) - Energy storage - Enzymes - Ethylene - Fruits - Lipids - Machinery - Plants (botany) - Storage (materials)
Uncontrolled terms:1-methylcyclopropene - 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) - Anti-bacterial activity - Gray jujube - Membrane lipid peroxidation - Nutritional qualities - Optimal concentration - Preservation technologies
Classification code:525.7 Energy Storage - 694.4 Storage - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.64e-01yr, Age 2.47e-01yr, Age 2.74e-02yr, Age 5.00e+01yr, Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 1.86e+01%, Percentage 3.48e+01%, Percentage 4.43e+01%, Percentage 5.12e+01%, Percentage 5.17e+01%, Percentage 5.34e+01%, Percentage 5.82e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01% to 9.50e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 28>
Accession number:20200708184232
Title:Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land use intensity change process of Huainan
Title of translation:淮南市土地利用程度变化过程的时空演化特征
Authors:Liang, Ming (1, 2); Nie, Pin (3); Lu, Yinhao (1, 2); Sun, Xiaojuan (4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China; (2) Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Rmediation, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China; (3) School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China; (4) School of Resource and Environment Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430079, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:99-106
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Land use and coverage change (LUCC) is an important research field of global change. Currently, land use and coverage change research focuses on the analysis of land use structures during the same period, and structure changes in the overall quantity of land use between time-series periods. While, the study of quantitative analysis of land use evolution process in different periods is deficient, which results difficulty to profoundly reveal the temporal and spatial patterns and evolution laws that may exist in the process of land change. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a spatiotemporal pattern analysis of land use change based on the spatiotemporal process of land use. In this paper, the spatiotemporal variation sequence data of land use was the study object. Firstly, the spatiotemporal variation sequence of land use intensity in the study area was extracted by the spatiotemporal network. Secondly, as the basic measurement tool, the cumulative value of land use intensity change (CVLUIC) of different spatiotemporal variation sequences of land use was calculated. Thirdly, the CVLUIC is divided into three grades by K-means clustering. Finally, the spatiotemporal clustering analysis of different land use change grades was carried out. From the global perspective, the spatiotemporal pattern of land use change process was measured by the nearest neighbor distance analysis method. On the other hand, based on Ripley's k function, the multi-scale impact of traffic network on land use temporal and spatial change patterns was analyzed. The results showed that the dramatic land use intensity change (Type I) and the gradual land use intensity change (Type III) over the 10-year period from 2008 to 2017 in the study area showed significant clustering characteristics. While, the spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of the more severe land use intensity change (Type II) between Type I and Type III was not significant, The results showed that the human disturbance activities have obvious spatiotemporal heterogeneity during the study period. Additionally, the traffic network had a strong influence on land use and coverage change. The three types of land use intensity were clustered in the range close to the traffic network (in the range of 300 m and 600 m), and tend to be randomly distributed in the farther distance (within 900 m), which showed that the transportation network had a strong impact on land use change. At different spatial scales from the transportation network, the dramatic land use intensity change (Type I) and the gradual land use intensity change (Type III) showed significant significance on the small spatial scale, while the more severe land use intensity change (Type II) at multiple scales was not significant. This indicated that there were scale differences in the impact of transportation network on spatial and temporal changes of land use degree, and more extreme land use change processes (Type I and Type III) were more likely to show spatial and temporal aggregation. Through analyzing the land use change from the perspective of the spatiotemporal evolution process, our work will be useful supplement to the LUCC research.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:K-means clustering - Remote sensing - Time series analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Nearest neighbor distance - Spatial and temporal changes - Spatio-temporal clustering - Spatio-temporal variation - Spatiotemporal heterogeneities - Spatiotemporal process - Temporal and spatial changes - Temporal and spatial pattern
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing:Age 1.00e+01yr, Size 3.00e+02m, Size 6.00e+02m, Size 9.00e+02m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 29>
Accession number:20200708184160
Title:Small UAV oblique camera system design and test for distributed photovoltaic power station survey
Title of translation:基于农村分布式光伏电站勘测的小型无人机倾斜摄影系统及试验
Authors:Chen, Yang (1); He, Yong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China
Corresponding author:He, Yong(yhe@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:305-313
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Distributed photovoltaic power generation system is the fastest growing distributed power generation system in recent years. The advantages of flexible power generation, high energy efficiency and low environmental pollution make it become an important supplement to traditional power grids. The distributed photovoltaic power plants are mainly installed on various building roofs that need to be measured at the first place. The traditional survey method required manual climbing to measure roofs' structure and size, roof orientation, tilt angle, roof material, roof height and other parameters which was neither safe nor precise. Oblique photography technology is a new aerial survey technology developed in recent years. By carrying multiple sensors on the same flight platform, it can simultaneously capture images from different angles and simultaneously record flight height, speed, coordinates, etc, which can be used to quickly generate texture-rich real-life 3D models. Most of the Oblique photography systems were installed on air planes or fixed-wing drones which had high price and weight. In this research we developed a low-cost portable five-phase oblique camera ZTRS-M5B whose shell was made of lightweight aluminum alloy and designed with quick snaps for loading on all types of drone platforms. The oblique camera's size was 243 mm×243 mm×145 mm and weight was 1.8 kg. The camera automatically controlled the shooting of five Sony QX100s via the STM32F4 high-performance microcontroller and optocoupler and simultaneously recorded position and inertial navigation information using the embedded GNSS/INS system. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mapping system equipped with this oblique camera was used to measure a rural residential area and a factory area. The flight time in the residential area was 14 minutes in which the system took 1 052 images and the flight time in the factory area was 23 minutes in which the system took 1 755 images. All flight parameters were pre-set in DJI GS PRO ground control station which also controlled the UAV mapping system to complete the flight missions automatically. The captured images were pre-processed and imported into the Smart3D software for 3D reconstruction. By comparing with the ground measured values, the 3D reconstruction model's accuracy would be verified. The results showed that the model tilt angle of the photovoltaic power plant solar panel was highly correlated with the actual tilt angle, the average absolute error of the horizontal dimensional size of the building in the model of was 0.11 m and the average relative error was 0.37%, the average absolute error of the vertical dimensional size of the building in the model of was 0.12 m and the average relative error was 1.04%. This system could efficiently and accurately obtain the housing information needed for the construction of distributed photovoltaic power plants in the early stage, ensure the life safety of surveying staff and greatly reduce the cost of oblique photography survey. We also compared ZTRS-M5B's parameters with the traditional aerial oblique camera SWDC-5 and another small UAV oblique camera DM5-4200. It showed ZTRS-M5B had more advantage in the portability and dominated in the price although its image resolution was relative lower. This camera could take place other oblique camera in the market for the small and medium area surveying.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:40
Main heading:Three dimensional computer graphics
Controlled terms:3D modeling - Aerial photography - Aluminum alloys - Antennas - Cameras - Drones - Electric power transmission networks - Energy efficiency - Errors - Fixed wings - Housing - Image reconstruction - Image resolution - Mapping - Photovoltaic cells - Power plants - Rock mechanics - Roofs - Solar energy - Solar power generation - Surveys - Textures - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms:3-D reconstruction model - Distributed power generation systems - Environmental pollutions - High-performance microcontrollers - Photovoltaic power generation systems - Photovoltaic power plant - Photovoltaic power stations - Three-dimensional reconstruction
Classification code:403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 405.3 Surveying - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 541.2 Aluminum Alloys - 615.2 Solar Power - 652.1 Aircraft, General - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 742.1 Photography - 742.2 Photographic Equipment
Numerical data indexing:Mass 1.80e+00kg, Percentage 1.04e+00%, Percentage 3.70e-01%, Size 1.10e-01m, Size 1.20e-01m, Time 1.38e+03s, Time 8.40e+02s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 30>
Accession number:20200708184248
Title:Advantages and disadvantages analysis of comprehensive utilization of straw in Jiangsu Province and countermeasure suggestions for collection-storage-transportation system
Title of translation:江苏省秸秆综合利用途径利弊分析及收储运对策研究
Authors:Qian, Yuting (1); Zhang, Yingpeng (1); Du, Jing (1); Kong, Xiangping (1); Chang, Zhizhou (1); Ye, Xiaomei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Recycling Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integration, Nanjing; 210014, China
Corresponding author:Ye, Xiaomei(yexiaomei610@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:154-160
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The plain water network area is mainly distributed along the river, the coastal and the lakeside areas in the middle and lower reaches of the main rivers in the south of China. The population density in the area is large, the per capita cultivated land is small, the climate is humid, the rainfall is abundant, the terrain in the area is flat, the water network is densely distributed, and most of the area is located in the subtropical monsoon climate area, which belongs to a typical rice and wheat rotation area. Because of the special regional characteristics of plain water network area, it is particularly important to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw for the protection of water ecological environment in plain water network area. In order to promote the full quantitative utilization of regional crop straw, taking Jiangsu Province of plain water network as the research object, this paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of comprehensive utilization of straw returning and leaving the field, analyzed the influence on straw collection, storage and transportation from the point of view of straw binding type, collection, storage and transportation mode and operation cost. In view of the existing problems of straw collection, storage and transportation system, from the guidance of the government and the self-sufficient rate of equipment, the direction of capital support and R&D investment were put forward. The results showed that the way of straw leaving was not only beneficial to the cultivation of next crop and reduce the impact of ecological environment, but also could save the cost and increase the income for the farmers, and could make economic profits for the farmers through selling straw commodities. Through the comparison of the influences of straw binding types on straw collection, storage and transportation, it was concluded that large round bundled straw was the optimal binding type for straw collection, storage and transportation in plain water network area. At the same time, in view of the current mainstream (commercial) cooperative third party mode of collection, storage and transportation with straw, through in-depth analysis of the operation mechanism between different collection, storage and transportation subjects under this mode, straw collection, storage and transportation operation cost and profit space, the results showed that under the guidance of government policies and administrative coordination, straw off-field collection, storage and transportation costs were easy to achieve, and the cost of collection, storage and transportation was relatively stable and transparent. The bottleneck restricting the comprehensive utilization of straw leaving the field lies in the utilization form of terminal straw and the added value of terminal products. Finally, the problem of straw storage and transportation system was analyzed in this study, and put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions. In addition, it provides theoretical and technical support for improving the quality of comprehensive utilization of straw and the construction of storage and transportation system in Jiangsu Province.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Cost benefit analysis
Controlled terms:Costs - Crops - Earnings - Ecology - Landforms - Operating costs - Population statistics - Profitability - Radar countermeasures - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Comprehensive utilizations - Ecological environments - Jiangsu province - Population densities - Regional characteristics - Storage and transportations - Subtropical monsoon climate - Transportation system
Classification code:454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1 Geology - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 911.2 Industrial Economics
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 31>
Accession number:20200708184177
Title:Effects of corn straw returning and phosphorus application rate on phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of black soil
Title of translation:玉米秸秆还田及施磷量对黑土磷吸附与解吸特性的影响
Authors:Gong, Zhenping (1); Du, Tingting (1); Yan, Chao (1); Ma, Chunmei (1); Dong, Shoukun (1); Sun, Hongchao (1); Li, Hairui (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163000, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:161-169
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The black soil area of Songnen Plain is an important corn production area in China. The area of continuous corn cropping is large, and a large amount of straw is left over, which causes environmental pollution by burning in the open air. Returning straw to the field is one of the important ways for sustainable development of agriculture. At the same time, straw returning affects the adsorption and fixation of phosphorus in soil, which has a direct impact on the availability of soil phosphorus. In order to explore the effects of straw returning and phosphorus application rate on phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of black soil under the continuous corn cropping in Songnen Plain. A frame culture experiment was initiated in 2016 at Northeast Agricultural University Experimental Station, where corn was continuously planted for three years. A two-factor split-plot design was adopted in this experiment, the main plot was straw returning method with no straw returning (S0), straw burying (S1) and straw burning (S2), and the sub-plot was phosphorus application level with 0 (P0), 34.50 (P1), 69 (P2), 103.50 (P3) kg/hm<sup>2</sup> (P<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>). After the corn was harvested in 2018, the 0-20 cm soil layer was collected to determine the adsorption and desorption performance of soil phosphorus and the content of soil available phosphorus. The results showed that: 1) Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation was the most suitable for fitting the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus of black soil. 2) Both straw returning and phosphorus application rate significantly affected the phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of black soil, and the interaction between them was significant. Under the same straw returning method, with the increase of phosphorus application rate, the phosphorus adsorption amount of soil, Q<inf>m</inf>(maximal P adsorption), K(adsorption affinity constant), MBC(maximum buffer capacity) and SPR(standard phosphorus requirement) decreased gradually, while the RDP(readily desorbable P), DPS(degree of P saturation) and the phosphorus desorption amount and rate of soil increased gradually, with the largest difference under S0 treatment, followed by that under S2 treatment, and the smallest difference under S1 treatment. Under S0 treatment, the average phosphorus adsorption amount of P3 treatment decreased by 10.22% compared with P0 treatment (P<0.05). Under S2 treatment, the average phosphorus adsorption amount of P3 treatment decreased by 4.51% compared with P0 treatment (P<0.05). However, under S1 treatment, there was no significant difference between P3 and P0. Under the same phosphorus application level, compared with S0 treatment, both S1 and S2 could reduce the phosphorus adsorption capacity and increase the phosphorus desorption amount and rate of soil, however there was no significant difference between S1 and S2. Among them, under no phosphorus application (P0), the phosphorus adsorption amount of soil under S1 and S2 treatment decreased the most, which were 6.87% and 5.31% (P<0.05), respectively. Under high phosphorus application (P3), there was no significant difference in the phosphorus adsorption amount of soil under S0, S1 and S2 treatment. 3) The standard phosphorus requirement (SPR) under different phosphorus application treatments ranged from 71.02 to 91.67 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, of which the SPR (73.58 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>) of S1P2 was the closest to the phosphorus application level of P2 (69 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>), which was the appropriate phosphorus application method of black soil area in Songnen Plain. The purpose of this study is to provide some theoretical basis and reference for the rational application of straw returning and phosphate fertilizer in black soil area.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:39
Main heading:Black Phosphorus
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Agriculture - Desorption - Phosphate fertilizers - Phosphorus - Soils - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption and desorptions - Adsorption characteristic - Continuous corn cropping - Environmental pollutions - Experimental stations - Isothermal adsorption equations - Phosphorus adsorption - Phosphorus applications
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.02e+01%, Percentage 4.51e+00%, Percentage 6.87e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 32>
Accession number:20200708184158
Title:Zoning of rural residential consolidation in western Hubei eco-zone under guidance of multi-dimensional industry
Title of translation:多维产业引导的鄂西生态圈农村居民点整理模式及分区
Authors:Liu, Dianfeng (1); Wang, Yingying (1); Kong, Xuesong (1); Wang, Jing (1); Liu, Yaolin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430079, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:27-37
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Rural settlements bear the important functions of farmers' production and life, which is the core expression of the human-land relationship in rural areas. In order to meet the production demand, farmers tend to establish settlements close to various industries. The development of secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas is backward, and settlements are mainly scattered around cultivated land. In view of the scattered distribution, economic poverty and functional weakness in rural settlements, the study on the consolidation mode based on local conditions will effectively promote the process of rural spatial reconstruction. Industrial development, as the core power of rural revitalization, is a key factor in the planning of rural settlements. Under the background of "national spatial planning" policy and "rural revitalization" policy, rural development should be comprehensive and multi-dimensional, emphasizing the people-oriented, spatial carrier and industrial development as the core driving force to realize the coordinated development of rural nature, society, economy and ecological system, as well as the comprehensive improvement of production, ecology, life and cultural functions. As an activity to improve farmers' production, living conditions and rural ecological environment, rural settlement consolidation should emphasize the evaluation of total factors of the relationship between people and the life community of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, as well as the coordination of production, life and ecological space. Existing studies on industry and consolidation mode mostly focus on the accessibility, suitability and coordination of production space, and seldom discuss the multi-dimensional guidance and driving effect of industry status and development prospect. In terms of the study areas, there is little attention paid to the township. As "industry first" is the key to "targeted poverty alleviation" policy, researches which study in township areas will be more accurate and effective to implement the "industrial poverty alleviation" policy. In the above conditions, this paper took Wuyang Township as a case study, which is located in western Hubei eco-zone. Based on industrial guiding and overall coordination, we carried out comprehensive assessments of the development potential in rural settlements dominated by multi-dimensional industry, and identified the consolidation modes and development directions according to industry status, industry radiation and industry convergence. The results showed that the consolidation modes of the study area mainly included five categories: comprehensive development mode, steady industry development mode, industry radiation mode, industry convergence mode and industry cultivation mode, which were distributed in circles with Wuyang Village as the centre. Differentiated consolidation modes of rural settlements are the keys to ensure the actual implementation of consolidation plans, this work constructs the novel consolidation modes and zoning of rural settlements under the guidance of multi-dimensional industry, which can make the regional characteristic organic industry and tourism industry reach the coordination stage, guarantee the rural ecological security, and promote the integrated development of industry. What is more, this paper breaks through the restriction of administrative boundaries, so as to combine the capital and technology of advanced villages with the natural resources and labour force of backward villages under the condition of clear property rights. In this way, we can solve the shortage of unbalanced development among villages, strengthening the collective economy and promoting the rapid development of rural local industries. This work is expected to contribute to the implementation of the "rural revitalization" strategy and the "industrial poverty alleviation" policy.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:58
Main heading:Industrial economics
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ecology - Industry - Land use - Petroleum reservoir evaluation - Regional planning - Rural areas - Tourism industry - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms:Comprehensive assessment - Development directions - Development prospects - Industrial development - Integrated development - Regional characteristics - Rural ecological environments - Spatial reconstruction
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 911.2 Industrial Economics
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 33>
Accession number:20200708184254
Title:Parameter self-tuning impedance control for compliance grasp of apple harvesting robot
Title of translation:苹果采摘机器人柔顺抓取的参数自整定阻抗控制
Authors:Ding, Yi (1); Ji, Wei (1); Xu, Bo (1); Chen, Guangyu (1); Zhao, Dean (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Facility Agriculture Measurement and Control Technology and Equipment of Machinery Industry, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author:Ji, Wei(jwhxb@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:257-266
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:The picking operation of agricultural fruit and vegetable harvesting robot is the key link to realize the automatic harvesting of fresh fruits and vegetables. The stable holding of fruits can be achieved by controlling the output grasping force of the end actuator. However, due to the complexity and particularity of the working object, the harvesting robot is easy to cause fruit damage when grasping fruit, and the success rate of grasping is low. Therefore, to reduce the mechanical damage, improve the quality of fruit picking, and realize the compliance grasping of robot picking is one of the key points of the research of harvesting robot. In order to reduce the damage caused by apple harvesting and achieve a more compliance harvesting, the mechanical characteristics of apple during the process of grasping and the improvement of impedance control algorithm were studied. Firstly, Burgers viscoelastic model was used to characterize the rheological properties of apples, 10 groups of apple samples were tested for uniaxial compression creep, and through Burgers creep model to fit the test data, the viscoelastic parameters of the creep model of apple were obtained. The grasping process was divided into three stages: constant loading, overload deceleration and stress relaxation. On this basis, the change equation of apple deformation with time was obtained, and the change curves of apple deformation with time and the relationship between fruit contact force and deformation under different grasping velocity were made by using the change equation of apple deformation with time in three stages. Secondly, the end-effector drive control system was modeled, and the mathematical model of the end-effector was obtained. Considering the contact force and deformation of apple change with time in the process of grasping, the apple deformation was equivalent to the forward displacement of the end effector finger, and it was the expected input of the impedance control system. Aiming at the uncertainty of the target apple's stiffness and position parameters, the contact force model under grasping environment with the grasping speed of 3 mm/s was solved. Finally, the influence of inertia parameters, damping parameters and stiffness parameters on the contact force was analyzed. Based on the hyperbolic secant function and the influence of three impedance parameters, three impedance parameters self-tuning functions were constructed to complete the design of the improved impedance control system. The simulation and experimental results show that it was feasible to simulate the grasping process of apple with the end-effector by solving the desired position according to the fruit grasping model and the change law of deformation with time. Besides, to a certain extent, the established contact force model of grasping environment could avoid the error caused by simplifying the environment model to the first order model, and the three functions designed could meet the requirements of adaptive impedance control. The desired force obtained by the improved impedance control was smoother, the overshoot was about 2.3%. The response speed was faster, and the adjustment time of contact force was shorter about 0.48 s. The contact force overshoot was about 2%, which was 37.5% less than that of the original force-based impedance control, and had obvious advantages.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Agricultural robots - Compliance control - Control systems - Creep - Digital storage - End effectors - Harvesting - Hyperbolic functions - Mechanical properties - Robots - Stiffness - Stress analysis - Stress relaxation - Vegetables - Viscoelasticity
Uncontrolled terms:Apple - Compliance grasp - Impedance control - Mechanical characteristics - Parameter self-tuning - Uni-axial compression - Visco-elastic parameters - Viscoelastic modeling
Classification code:722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.30e+00%, Percentage 3.75e+01%, Time 4.80e-01s, Velocity 3.00e-03m/s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 34>
Accession number:20200708184301
Title:Cultivated land health-productivity comprehensive evaluation and its pilot evaluation in China
Title of translation:中国耕地健康产能综合评价与试点评估研究
Authors:Ye, Sijing (1, 2); Song, Changqing (1, 2); Cheng, Feng (3); Zhang, Leina (3); Cheng, Changxiu (1, 2); Zhang, Chao (4); Yang, Jianyu (4); Zhu, Dehai (4)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (2) Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (3) Centre of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality (Beijing) Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author:Cheng, Changxiu(chengcx@bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:66-78
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Evaluation of the healthy productivity of cultivated land in China, analysis of key problems of different regions that endangers cultivated land health is of great significance to explore sustainable cultivated land utilization path and safeguard national food security and ecological security. The evaluation of cultivated land healthy productivity should be executed base on integration of existing evaluation indicators system and evaluation method achievements and clarification of key factor states and driving processes that affecting cultivated land health from the perspective of cultivated land components. And interaction characteristics between cultivated land health and cultivated land productivity should be analyzed by coupling them with each other. In this paper, we selected 65 counties (cities) nationwide as research regions with considering the difference of climate conditions in different regions of China, and used 5 categories of indicators including topographic characteristics, soil properties, tillage conditions, environmental conditions and biological characteristics to present the cultivated land health status. And on that basis, we defined critical health threshold and critical sub-health threshold of different indicators by analyzing counties' indicator standard deviation convergence characteristics and scoring rules. We divided all pilot counties into three statuses: Health, sub-health and unhealth, and analyzed spatial distribution features of counties with different health status. Furthermore, regional climate conditions indicator, cultivated land natural conditions indicator and tillage technique level indicator had been synthetically integrated to evaluate the productivity of cultivated land, and regional cultivated land health-productivity interaction characteristic had been analyzed. Experimental result showed that counties whose cultivated land in sub-healthy or unhealthy status expressed significant regional features, and the key factors of limiting cultivated land health were different among pilot counties. On the one hand, the sub-health status cases caused by inferior farming conditions indicator were more common (accounting for nearly 40% of pilot counties) than other indicators, which was not only manifested by serious fragmentation of cultivated land and imperfect farmland infrastructure, but also reflected the urgent requirement for promoting high-standard farmland construction. On the other hand, the form of biological characteristics was severe, indicating that under the interaction of climatic conditions, soil structure and tillage technology, the ability of cultivated land to guarantee the healthy growth of animals was facing degradation. Furthermore, through coupling analysis of cultivated land health and cultivated land productivity, we divided the cultivated land healthy productivity characteristics of pilot counties into six categories: "health-high productivity", "health-low productivity", "sub-health-high productivity", "sub-health-low productivity", "unhealth-high productivity" and "unhealth-low productivity", and respectively analyzed the regional farmland protection directions for each category. "Sub-health/unhealth-high productivity" type was widely distributed, which was the core region for implementation of "storing grain on land and storing grain in technology" strategy in China. Therefore, it is necessary to give consideration to the health and productivity of cultivated land in this region, and strengthen the research and practice on methods to improve the health of cultivated land. This study provides scientific basis for improving cultivated land healthy productivity and provides effective support for designing protection paths of cultivated land resources in different regions.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:86
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Climate change - Farms - Food supply - Geographic information systems - Health - Productivity
Uncontrolled terms:Biological characteristic - Comprehensive evaluation - Convergence characteristics - Cultivated lands - Distribution features - Environmental conditions - Evaluation indicators - Interaction characteristics
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 822.3 Food Products - 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 4.00e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 35>
Accession number:20200708184131
Title:System dynamic model and scenario simulation of land carrying capacity for livestock and poultry manure
Title of translation:畜禽粪污土地承载力系统动力学模型及情景仿真
Authors:Han, Chengji (1); Wang, Guogang (1); Zhu, Lizhi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Guogang(wangguogang@caas.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:170-180
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:To implement systematic evaluation of land carrying capacity for livestock and poultry manure, prejudge its development trend and inspect the implementation effects of different emission reduction policies, this paper conducts the design and simulates different scenarios of land carrying capacity system model for livestock and poultry manure. Based on analyzing various subsystems of social economy, livestock and poultry breeding, crop planting and land carrying, and their elements, we established a system dynamic model of land carrying capacity for livestock and poultry manure, taking Shijiazhuang City as an example, which was an important city of animal husbandry in north of China. The system operation results indicated that: The model had good stability and reality, the error between the simulated value and the measured value was generally less than 10%. Therefore the model was effective. The system dynamic model was used to simulate the carrying capacity of livestock and poultry farming land in Shijiazhuang City from 2007 to 2025 under different scenarios. Five scenarios were designed. Scenario1: Inertial trend development condition, adjusting the economic structure of the animal husbandry, the investment in environmental protection, the proportion of manure and fertilizer and the mode of coordinated development, the simulation results show that: the output scale of animal husbandry and planting has increased, but the output growth of planting is inferior to that of livestock and animal husbandry, making it difficult for planting to consume nitrogen and phosphorus emissions by animal husbandry, and bringing more land carrying pressure. Scenario 2: Adjusting the economic structure of animal husbandry, both nitrogen and phosphorus balance carrying capacity present a downward trend, but phosphorus balance carrying pressure still exists. Scenario 3: Adjusting the environmental protection governance investment, nitrogen balance carrying is in the loadable state. Although the phosphorus balance carrying pressure is obviously decreased, only 8 years are loadable. Scenario 4: Adjusting the manure use ratio, nitrogen balance carrying is in the loadable state. The phosphorus balance carrying with improvement over the initial situation is still overloaded. Under the coordinated development mode, both nitrogen and phosphorus balance carrying pressure present a downward trend, both nitrogen and phosphorus balance carrying capacity are at the loadable level. It can be found through comparative analysis that the coordinated development mode has the best effect. This study provides support for carrying out monitoring and evaluation of livestock and poultry pollution and establishes an assessment mechanism for livestock and poultry breeding pollution on one hand. On the other hand, this paper provides scientific basis for the regulation and control of animal husbandry development in major livestock cities and other resources and environment overloading areas.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Animals - Dynamic models - Economics - Emission control - Environmental protection - Investments - Manures - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Phosphorus
Uncontrolled terms:Emission reduction policies - Implementation effects - Monitoring and evaluations - Nitrogen and phosphorus - Nutrient balance - Regulation and control - Simulation - System Dynamics
Classification code:451.2 Air Pollution Control - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 921 Mathematics - 971 Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Age 8.00e+00yr, Percentage 1.00e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 36>
Accession number:20200708184356
Title:Distribution of crop straw resources and its industrial system and utilization path in China
Title of translation:中国农作物秸秆资源分布及其产业体系与利用路径
Authors:Cong, Hongbin (1); Yao, Zonglu (2); Zhao, Lixin (1); Meng, Haibo (1); Wang, Jiuchen (3); Huo, Lili (1); Yuan, Yanwen (1); Jia, Jixiu (2); Xie, Teng (1); Wu, Yunong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Center of Energy and Environmental Protection, Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China; (2) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, Lixin(zhaolixin5092@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:132-140
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:There are many types of straw and a large amount in China, and it is the world's largest producer of crop straw, accounting for nearly one-fifth of the global straw resources. Returning to the field is the dominant way of straw utilization in foreign countries. The use of straw in developed countries is sufficient, and the problem of waste and field burning is basically eliminated. "If no use, they will be harmful." Owing to factors such as rural economy, social development level and agricultural production conditions, the supply of crop straw resources in China shows a stage, structural and regional excess, and the pressure on straw burning in the field is high. The corn straw resources are mainly distributed in the northeast and north China, extending along the diagonal to the southwest; the distribution of rice straw resources appears north and south poles; the wheat straw resources are centered on Shandong and Henan. We need analyze the structure and distribution characteristics of China's straw resources, and promote the comprehensive utilization of straw technology, that can not only reduce the environmental pollution of field burning, eliminate fire hazards, but also increase farmers' income, improve rural living environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development. Based on the statistical data of provincial-level administrative regions in China, the characteristics of the composition and spatial distribution of crop straw resources in China were discussed. Straw stalks of corn, rice and wheat accounted for 84.8% of the total straw resources in the country; straw resources generally showed a step-like distribution characteristic of "east high and west low, north high south low". The development history and current situation of policy system, market system, technical system and regulatory system for China's straw industry was analyzed deeply based on the overall study of straw industry development. The process is divided into policy initiation period (1979-2007), policy development period (2008-2012), policy transition period (2013-2016), and policy deepening period (2017-present), and they characteristics were single utilization, comprehensive utilization, strategic layout, and regional coordination, respectively. Finally, the system explains the main path and basic model of agricultural utilization, energy utilization and high value utilization of crop straw in China. Taking the fertilizer utilization as the core, the agricultural technology path of straw was explained and the basic pattern of straw agricultural utilization model was drawn. This research can provide important basic support and decision-making reference for guiding the development and utilization of straw resources in China.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:52
Main heading:Energy utilization
Controlled terms:Crops - Decision making - Environmental technology - Fire hazards - Industry - Models - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural technologies - Comprehensive utilizations - Development and utilizations - Distribution - Distribution characteristics - Industrial systems - Path - Sustainable agricultural development
Classification code:454 Environmental Engineering - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 912.2 Management - 914.2 Fires and Fire Protection
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 8.48e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 37>
Accession number:20200708184284
Title:Optimization of solar thermoelectric power generation components with micro heat pipe array
Title of translation:基于微热管阵列的太阳能温差发电系统优化
Authors:Wang, Lishu (1); Wen, Jingchen (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1); Liu, Bo (1); Qiao, Shuaixiang (1); Ma, Yunfei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:251-256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Thermoelectric power generation technology is a hotspot of scientific research on energy utilization in today's society because of its advantages of no noise, no pollutant emission, small volume, light weight, etc. However, its output power is too low, and the heat transfer effect is still a big problem. In this paper, the micro-heat pipe was applied to the solar temperature difference power generation under low temperature, and the system design of the thermoelectric power generation was optimized, and the problem of low light-heat output power and low-temperature output power was improved, and the dual-axis tracking and black by PLC were adopted. The chrome-plated gold film increased the solar heat absorption capacity by 5.32%. At the same time, the liquid metal was used to fill the silicon grease during the heat transfer and heat dissipation process, so that the micro heat pipe array could reduce the heat loss during the heat transfer process of the solar temperature difference power generation, so that the light heat was averaged. The output power could be increased by 2.21%. During the thermoelectric conversion process, the MPPT of the variable length conductance increment method improved the instability of the power output and the accuracy was not high. The overall photoelectric output power could reach 28.32 W. Compared with the previous one, the photoelectric output power increased by 5.19%. Through the tracking optimization of the solar temperature difference power generation system and the improvement of the heat transfer structure, the application of photovoltaic panels in agriculture was improved. We have proposed a collector-type thermoelectric micro-heat pipe array at low temperature. The complexity of control, and the use of liquid metal-filled silicone grease and insulation frame reduced heat loss, increased output power, and increased the area of the collector according to the characteristics of solar radiation dispersion. The use of PLC dual-axis tracking not only increased the solar heat absorption rate, but also increased the surface temperature. In the solar temperature difference power generation, the application of the micro heat pipe array could effectively utilize the solar radiation dispersion in the low-temperature power generation technology. Low flow density characteristics, this module had the characteristics of collectors, such as easy to integrate with buildings, simple tracking mode, and also had strong frost resistance and stable operation, which could improve the overall output power. Solar temperature difference power generation using micro-heat pipe arrays explored power optimization from two aspects of photothermal and thermal power, and improved the power generation power per unit area, which provided a reference for large-scale application of temperature difference power generation technology at low temperature. The micro heat pipe was a component that used internal working liquid to conduct heat transfer. During operation, the working liquid inside the micro heat pipe was evaporated into a gaseous state by the heat transferred from the hot end, and the middle pipe transfered the gaseous working liquid to a temperature difference. At the cold end, the liquid obtained after cooling was transported to the hot end by the capillary having a capillary action and evaporated again.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Heat pipes
Controlled terms:Capillary flow - Chromium plating - Conversion efficiency - Energy utilization - Heat losses - Hot working - Liquid metals - Maximum power point trackers - Photoelectricity - Photovoltaic cells - Power generation - Programmable logic controllers - Silicones - Solar energy - Solar heating - Solar power generation - Solar radiation - Temperature - Thermoelectric power
Uncontrolled terms:Low-temperature power generations - Micro heat pipe arrays - Photothermal conversion efficiencies - Power generation systems - Power generation technology - Silicone grease - Thermoelectric conversion - Thermoelectric conversion efficiency
Classification code:525.3 Energy Utilization - 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues - 531.1 Metallurgy - 535.2 Metal Forming - 539.3 Metal Plating - 615.2 Solar Power - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 704.2 Electric Equipment - 732.1 Control Equipment - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 2.21e+00%, Percentage 5.19e+00%, Percentage 5.32e+00%, Power 2.83e+01W
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 38>
Accession number:20200708184214
Title:Vegetable crop row extraction method based on accumulation threshold of Hough Transformation
Title of translation:基于自动Hough变换累加阈值的蔬菜作物行提取方法研究
Authors:Chen, Ziwen (1); Li, Wei (2); Zhang, Wenqiang (2); Li, Yunwu (1); Li, Mingsheng (1); Li, Hui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:314-322
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Agricultural machinery field automatic navigation technology is widely used in farming, sowing, weeding, fertilizing, spraying, harvesting and other agricultural production process. This technology can improve the efficiency of the mechanical efficiency and reduce the missing areas of operation, labor intensity and the complexity of the operation. Because machine vision can be used to obtain and perceive the relative position information of crop rows, current crop growth status and field environment in real time, it is widely applied in online crop detection and identification. In this paper, a method based on automatic accumulation threshold of Hough Transformation was presented in order to improve the adaptability of the crop row recognition algorithm for different kinds and growth periods of vegetables with machine vision. The method was composed of image preprocessing, feature point detection, optimal accumulation threshold acquisition and crop row extraction. Firstly, to reduce the adverse effects of light change and restrain the background noise, a* component of Lab color model was selected for transforming RGB image to grayscale image. Optimal adaptive threshold and morphology close-open operation was applied for minimizing error segmentation probability and eliminating irrelevant detail. Secondly, the feature points of crop rows were extracted by sectionalized vertical projection method. The original image was divided into several horizontal segments and target pixel ratio and vertical projection width were used as double threshold in the luminance projection view of each segment to determine the location of feature points and distinguish noise. Thirdly, the Hough transformation method with different accumulative thresholds was performed to fit straight lines for all feature points in the image coordinate system, then they were all converted to Hough space accumulator as points. These points were clustered into the same number as crop rows by K-means clustering method. According to the camera projection, the optimal accumulator threshold was acquired by the position relation of clustering centroid and minimum inter-class variance. Finally, the fitting line parameters of real crop rows were the clustering centroid parameters of the accumulation space under the optimal accumulation threshold, then the parameters were converted into the crop lines in the image coordinate system. The crop row identification tests of lettuce and cabbage were carried out in the greenhouse and filed according to the conditions of crops in different growing periods, different weed densities, and different light conditions in the field. The greenhouse experiment showed that the algorithm can effectively identify crop rows with an average recognition accuracy of 97.1% for two crops of different growth periods under different weed densities. The outdoor experiment showed that the algorithm can also identify crop rows with 94.6% recognition accuracy under different row numbers and light conditions. Time consumption for optimal accumulator threshold algorithm and crop rows extraction algorithm were no more than 1.5 and 0.2 s, and the average accuracy rate of crop row detection was achieved 95.8%. In view of the practical application of field operations, as the environmental parameters basically do not change significantly in a short time, the optimal accumulation threshold was only needed to be obtained once, which can ensure the time consumption of algorithm was about 0.2 s.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:31
Main heading:K-means clustering
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Computer vision - Crops - Efficiency - Extraction - Fits and tolerances - Greenhouses - Hough transforms - Image segmentation - Navigation - Precision agriculture - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation threshold - Agricultural productions - Detection and identifications - Environmental parameter - Feature point detection - Greenhouse experiments - K-means clustering method - Mechanical efficiency
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 9.46e+01%, Percentage 9.58e+01%, Percentage 9.71e+01%, Time 1.50e+00s, Time 2.00e-01s
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 39>
Accession number:20200708184273
Title:Characteristics on devaluation of cultivated land and its mechanisms in typical mountainous areas of Chongqing, China
Title of translation:重庆典型山区耕地资产贬值特征及其发生机理
Authors:Wang, Yahui (1, 2, 3); Xin, Liangjie (3); Li, Xiubin (3, 4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) State Cultivation Base of Eco-Agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Chongqing; 400715, China; (3) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing; 100101, China; (4) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China
Corresponding author:Xin, Liangjie(xinlj@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:107-114
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:Land is the carrier of human activities. All kinds of social and economic problems in the process of urbanization can be reflected in land use. A large number of labor force has been transferred from rural areas especially in mountainous areas to cities, which has changed the population distribution pattern and land use pattern in different time and regional systems. The marginalization of cultivated land is a typical land use pattern in mountainous areas, and clarifying the characteristics of land marginalization and its mechanism can be used for reference to realize land capital appreciation and rural revitalization. By employing the survey data about 901 farm households involving 6563 plots in Wulong District and Youyang County in Chongqing City of China in 2012 and 2018 and compilation of agricultural product cost and benefit data from 2007 to 2017, this paper regarded cultivated land as an asset for families and revealed the evolution characteristics of cultivated land asset value in recent years, and a Probit model was constructed to identify the driving forces and explored the driving mechanism of abovementioned phenomena. The results showed that: 1) in recent years, the assets value of cultivated land in the investigated areas kept declining, which was manifested in the fact that the generally cultivated maize per km<sup>2</sup> has changed from yield to loss, and the average weighted net yield of major crops has decreased from 1 384.50 yuan per hm<sup>2</sup> in 2012 to 252.30 yuan per hm<sup>2</sup> in 2018, with a drop of 77.09%. The average rent of cultivated land dropped from 1577.45 yuan/hm<sup>2</sup> in 2012 to 361.65 yuan/hm<sup>2</sup> in 2018, while the proportion of rent-free land transfer rate from 71.09 % to 82.21 %. It can be seen that the assets value of cultivated land in typical mountainous areas in Chongqing are in the decline stage. (2) Plot size, the distance from the homestead, plot quality and land fragmentation were the important determinants of free-rent land transfer, while the rising opportunity cost of farming was the root cause. The mechanism of devaluation of cultivated land is that urbanization has pushed up labor costs and reduces agricultural profits, and cultivated land assets have devaluated and even abandoned. From the view of cost-benefit analysis, the abandonment of cultivated land in the study area is a normal and rational economic activity for farmers, and the devaluation of cultivated land assets is exactly in line with the original intention of returning farmland to forests. The devalued cultivated land or abandoned land of these assets is conducive to improving the ecological environment of the mountainous areas. At the same time, the idle or abandoned land resources in mountainous areas become relatively rich. The government should reasonably introduce urban capital and fully exploit the land resources in order to realize the land capital appreciation in mountainous areas and develop local economy. Furthermore, the government should stop large-scale land reclamation projects in mountainous areas and appropriately replenish cultivated land through land reclamation to avoid waste of public financial funds and destruction of the ecological environment.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Land reclamation
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Cost accounting - Cost benefit analysis - Costs - Ecology - Economics - Farms - Land use - Natural resources - Rural areas - Wages
Uncontrolled terms:Devaluation of farmland assets - Driving mechanism - Grain for green projects - Land transfer - Mountainous area
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 911.1 Cost Accounting - 912.4 Personnel - 971 Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 7.11e+01% to 8.22e+01%, Percentage 7.71e+01%
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 40>
Accession number:20200708184225
Title:Dust accumulation characteristics and transmission attenuation law of photovoltaic modules
Title of translation:光伏组件积灰特性及其透射衰减规律研究
Authors:Wang, Shengjie (1, 2); Tian, Rui (1, 2); Guo, Xiao (1, 2); Qiu, Yunfeng (1); Bai, Binglin (1); Yan, Suying (1, 2); Shi, Zhiguo (1, 2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot; 010051, China; (2) Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Hohhot; 010051, China
Corresponding author:Guo, Xiao(guoxiao1196@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:35
Issue:22
Issue date:November 15, 2019
Publication year:2019
Pages:242-250
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abstract:In this paper, a method for measuring the transmission attenuation rates of dust accumulation in photovoltaic modules was proposed. The test platform was built independently, and the test system was installed in the roof area without shelter. The system ensured that the total solar irradiance was monitored throughout the day and that the system operated in a naturally dusty state. The test period was selected in May with relatively less rainfall, less sand-dust storm and non-heating period. It can better control test conditions and ensure high test accuracy. In the urban area of Hohhot, the particle size distribution, morphology and element composition of the ash particles were tested and analyzed based on the dust accumulation of glass plates and photovoltaic modules tilted 40.48° to the south. The effects of solar incident angle and the direction of the total solar irradiance on the transmission attenuation of dust accumulation were studied. The daily average transmission attenuation of dust accumulation under different mass of dust accumulation was calculated quantitatively. The results showed that the particle size distribution range of the ash particles of photovoltaic modules was 0.112-199.6 μm, the volume average diameter was 23.10 μm, and the particle size distribution curve was a positively skewed bimodal distribution with long head and short tail. The ash was mainly composed of silt (4 to 63 μm) and the content was about 72.77%. The contribution rates of dust accumulation from large to small were far source substance, regional substance and local substance. Most of the dust accumulation was directly transported and settled to the surface of photovoltaic module through atmospheric circulation. The dust particles of photovoltaic modules were composed of fine quartz crystals or aluminosilicates, most of which were approximately spherical and some of which were amorphous. The main detectable elements of ash particles were crustal elements O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na and Mg. The total attenuation rates of solar irradiance caused by dust accumulation were 1.29% and 3.42%, respectively when the dust accumulations were 2.75 and 4.59 g/m<sup>2</sup>. During the total solar irradiance increase period, the total attenuation rate changed positively with the linear incidence trend of the solar incident angle, and the average reduction rate was 0.22%/1°. When the total solar irradiance decreased, the total attenuation rate decreased firstly and then increased with the incident angle of the sun in a small range. When the incidence angle of the sun increased to 60°, the total attenuation rate began to increase linearly. The lag peak value of total solar irradiance corresponding to the minimum total attenuation rate was 168 W/m<sup>2</sup>, and the minimum lag value of solar incidence angle was 25.5°. According to the research results, it could guide the selection of dust removal mode and the forecasting of dust removal cycle of photovoltaic power generation system in Hohhot. In order to prevent dust from sticking and scratching photovoltaic modules, a soft brush body can be selected as the automatic dust removing device for dry dust removal. Dust removal cycle can be set according to the set dust transmission attenuation rates. In the application, the dust transmission attenuation rate test platform can be installed to the unblocked area of the photovoltaic power station, and the dust transmission attenuation rates can be monitored in real time. When the monitored value reaches the set value, the dust removal device is opened and reciprocating dust. The dust removal device is turned off until the monitored value equals the transmission attenuation rates of the dust-covered glass.<br/> © 2019, Editorial Department of the Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Solar cells
Controlled terms:Dust control - Glass - Heat radiation - Incident solar radiation - Light transmission - Morphology - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Photoelectrochemical cells - Photovoltaic cells - Size distribution - Solar energy - Storms - Testing - Transmissions
Uncontrolled terms:Atmospheric circulation - Dust accumulation - Element compositions - Elemental compositions - Photovoltaic power generation systems - Photovoltaic power stations - Total solar irradiance - Transmission attenuations
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 702.1 Electric Batteries - 702.3 Solar Cells - 741.1 Light/Optics - 812.3 Glass - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing:Percentage 1.29e+00%, Percentage 3.42e+00%, Percentage 7.28e+01%, Size 1.12e-07m to 2.00e-04m, Size 2.31e-05m, Size 4.00e-06m to 6.30e-05m, Surface_Density 2.75e-03kg/m2, Surface_Density 4.59e-03kg/m2, Surface_Power_Density 1.68e+02W/m2
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.22.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
期刊信息
- 主管单位 中国科学技术协会
- 主办单位 中国农业工程学会
- 主编 朱明
- 总编/社长 王应宽
- 地址 北京朝阳区麦子店街41号
- 邮编 100125
- 电话 010－59197078/7077/7076
- 邮箱 tcsae@tcsae.org
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