<RECORD 1>
Accession number:20124715692052
Title:Preparation of solid-state deodorant and its ammonia-reducing effect in layers' house
Authors:Chen, Guoying (1); Zhan, Kai (1); Chen, Liyuan (1); Li, Junying (1); Liu, Wei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (2) College of Life Science, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei 230036, China
Corresponding author:Zhan, K.(zhankai633@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:163-170
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To select well immobilized carriers for ammonia-reducing bacteria and study ammonia-reducing effect of solid-state deodorant on layers' house, 7 organic carriers including wheat bran, wheat straw, wheat husk, rice straw, rice husk, corncob and sawdust were mixed with each other and formed 63 carrier combinations. A better combination from 63 carrier combinations was selected for making solid-sate ammonia-reducing deodorant. The ammonia-reducing effects of solid-state deodorant were determined through spreading deodorant onto layers' excreta in a caged layers' house with 1000 commercial layers. In this trial, the deodorant spread rate was calculated by weight loss rate of deodorant to layers' excreta, 0.5% at first period, 1% at second period, 1.5% at third period. First, second and third control periods were not spread deodorant. Temperature, relative humidity, ammonia concentration and carbon dioxide concentration were determined four times daily at 6 different positions throughout 36 days. The results show that a better ammonia-reducing effect can be obtained for the solid-state ammonia-reducing deodorant consisted of 3 kinds of powdery organic carriers, wheat husk, rice husk and corncob by absorbing 200% ammonia-reducing bacterial liquid. At first period, ammonia concentration in layers' house had insignificant change (P>0.05); At second period, ammonia concentrations significantly decreased by 15% (P<0.01); At third period, ammonia concentrations significantly decreased by 59.3% (P<0.01). But carbon dioxide concentration had insignificant decrease in all 3 periods (P>0.05). The results indicate that solid-state ammonia-reducing deodorant consisted of organic carrier compounds by absorbing ammonia-reducing bacterial liquid may obviously reduce ammonia concentrations in caged layers' house. The research can provide a theoretic reference for reducing ammonia concentrations in layers' houses.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Ammonia
Controlled terms:Applications - Carbon dioxide - Houses - Liquids
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia concentrations - Carbon dioxide concentrations - Control periods - Organic carriers - Rice husk - Rice straws - Solid-state ammonia-reducing deodorant - Weight loss rates - Wheat bran - Wheat straws
Classification code:402.3 Residences - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 2>
Accession number:20124715692044
Title:Vegetation phenology monitoring method using time-series MODIS LAI data
Authors:Xia, Chuanfu (1); Li, Jing (1); Liu, Qinhuo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Li, J.(li_jing_chn@hotmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:103-109
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Vegetation phenology can provide important informations which reflect the response of vegetation to climate and environment. Recently, remote sensing has become a new way to monitor vegetation phenology. Phenology from remote sensing has been widely used to monitor the response to climate. However, there were very few regional-to-global phenology products that limited the study and application of phenology. Based on the summary of existing methods, the paper proposed a new method which is more universal, stable and practical. This method was employed in China using time-series MODIS LAI data in 2007. The results were validated with ground phenology observations and MLCD data. The root mean square errors (RMSE) for different vegetation type were 4.0~33.5, the mean absolute errors were -20.6~15.3 and the correlations were 0.404~0.887. By comparison with MLCD data, the success rate and the accuracy of the method have been highly improved.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Phenols
Controlled terms:Biology - Mean square error - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Leaf Area Index - Mean absolute error - MODIS LAI - Monitoring methods - Phenology - Root mean square errors - Study and applications - Vegetation phenology - Vegetation type
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 731.1 Control Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 3>
Accession number:20124715692034
Title:Simultaneous localization and mapping based on Gray EKF for intelligent agricultural vehicle
Authors:Tian, Guangzhao (1); An, Qiu (1); Ji, Changying (1); Gu, Baoxing (1); Wang, Haiqing (1); Zhao, Jiandong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
Corresponding author:Ji, C.(chyji@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:17-25
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm based on Gray-EKF was designed by using gray prediction theory and EKF in order to improve the accuracy of SLAM for intelligent agricultural vehicle. A GM(1, 1) prediction model of observation based on improved sliding window gray prediction was set up on the foundation of traditional EKF, and then innovations were made out. With the purpose of raising accuracy and capacity of resisting disturbance, a trinocular stereo vision camera was used as the observation sensor and an accuracy calibrating algorithm was brought out simultaneously. Experiments showed that the calibrated trinocular camera was well precision and anti-interference. The errors of 12 measuring results in 16 were less than 1%. The average observation errors were 0.074 and 0.073 m in x and y axis, and position error was 0.140 m with RMSE 0.048 in the park environment of 30 landmarks. The average observation errors were 0.061 and 0.068m in x and y axis, and position error was 0.109 m with RMSE 0.038 in the park environment of 60 landmarks. The average observation errors were 0.079 and 0.077 m in x and y axis, and position error was 0.122 m with RMSE 0.049 in the dry land environment of 60 landmarks. Compared with traditional EKF SLAM algorithm, Gray-EKF SLAM algorithm is more precise.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Extended Kalman filters
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Algorithms - Cameras - Errors - Location - Navigation - Robotics - Stereo vision - Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural vehicles - Anti-interference - Dry land - EKF - GM (1 , 1) - Gray prediction - Observation errors - Position errors - Prediction model - Simultaneous localization and mapping - Simultaneous localization and mapping algorithms - SLAM algorithm - Sliding Window - Trinocular - Trinocular cameras
Classification code:912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 742.2 Photographic Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 432 Highway Transportation - 723.5 Computer Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 4>
Accession number:20124715692035
Title:Road surface equivalent reconstruction based on measured road spectrum
Authors:Liu, Yongchen (1); Wang, Guolin (1); Yang, Yanpeng (1); Liu, Jian (1); Sun, Li (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) Faculty of Transportation Engineering, HuaiYin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
Corresponding author:Wang, G.(glwang@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:26-32
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A method of two-dimensional equivalent reconstruction for the measured road surface spectrum was proposed in order to provide more accurate road incentives for automotive test and dynamic simulation. Combined with the data characteristics of a level 3 highway test surface, some methods including the empirical mode decomposition method were used to remove the trend items, and the EMD wavelet threshold method for filtering and denoising. The two-dimensional AR reconstruction method for the measured road surface was studied systematically. Then, the reconstruction precision was analyzed by the correlation coefficient method. The results showed that the variance of power spectrum after denoising by the empirical mode decomposition wavelet hard threshold based on the fixed threshold criterion was the minimum, and the relevant degree of the reconstructed road spectrum by AR model with the measured one was high. The method can provide a basis for the further application of road spectrum.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Surface reconstruction
Controlled terms:Correlation methods - Models - Roads and streets - Signal processing - Two dimensional
Uncontrolled terms:AR models - Correlation coefficient method - Data characteristics - De-noising - Empirical Mode Decomposition - Empirical mode decomposition method - Fixed threshold - Reconstruction method - Road roughness - Road surfaces - Test surfaces - Wavelet threshold
Classification code:406.2 Roads and Streets - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 5>
Accession number:20124715692040
Title:Variation characteristics and effects of splash erosion on slope micro-relief in bare fields
Authors:Zhao, Longshan (1); Liang, Xinlan (1); Zhang, Qingfeng (1); Wu, Faqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Wu, F.(wufaqi@263.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:71-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Splash erosion is one of erosion patterns in the soil erosion process. Variation characteristics and effects of raindrop on the slope micro-relief in bare fields of the loess sloping land were studied in this paper based on the rainfall stimulation experiment. Micro-relief was caused by different tillage methods including hoeing, digging and contour tillage, and the smooth slope was take as the control measure in this study. The area of each test plot was 0.5 m<sup>2</sup> and rainfall intensity was 60, 90 and 120 mm/h respectively. Erosion yields of upslope and downslope were determined by the splash erosion board. Micro-relief was measured by the laser scanner, and a large-scale DEM (a resolution of 2 cm) was established with the GIS technology. Under certain conditions, micro-relief has the potential to reduce slope erosion yields. Variation characteristics of micro-relief mainly reflect on the variation of micro-slope, while micro-aspect was insensitive to the variation of splash erosion. Therefore, micro-slope can be an index reflecting the relationship between splash erosion of raindrops and variation of micro-relief.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Erosion
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Drops - Rain - Soils - Surface roughness
Uncontrolled terms:Control measures - Downslope - Erosion patterns - Erosion yield - GIS technology - Laser scanner - Micro-relief - Rainfall intensity - Slope erosion - Sloping field - Sloping land - Soil erosion - Soil surfaces - Splash erosion - Tillage methods - Variation characteristics
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 443.3 Precipitation - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 6>
Accession number:20124715693431
Title:Performance simulation and experiment of pulsed electric field co-field sterilization treatment chambers
Authors:Jin, Wei (1); Ping, Xueliang (1); Ji, Xiang (1); Yang, Ruijin (2); Zhao, Wei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
Corresponding author:Ping, X.(ping@jiangnan.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:39-47
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to obtain the best performance and structure of co-field sterilization treatment chamber, co-field sterilization treatment chamber with different structures were researched in this paper. The coupled-field characteristics of co-field sterilization treatment chamber with different structures were gained by utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics software to analysis the electric field strength distribution, flow characteristics and temperature distribution. The experiment results showed that E. coli inoculated in pear juice which was treated by elliptical embedded co-field sterilization treatment chamber reduced by 6.5 in logarithm at electric field strength of 40 kV/cm, better than other structures of co-field sterilization treatment chamber; the temperature of E. coli inoculated in pear juice which was treated by elliptical embedded co-field sterilization treatment chamber increased by 6.7°C, less than other structures of co-field sterilization treatment chamber. It is concluded that elliptical embedded co-field sterilization treatment chamber is more suitable aiming at the pilot-scale and the industrialized PEF sterilization system with high performance requirements for its excellent coupled-field characteristics.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Sterilization (cleaning)
Controlled terms:Electric fields - Escherichia coli - Experiments - Fruit juices - Temperature distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Co-field sterilization treatment chamber - Different structure - E. coli - Electric field strength - Flow characteristic - Multiphysics software - Performance requirements - Performance simulation - Pilot scale - Pulsed electric field - Sterilization systems
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 822.3 Food Products - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 7>
Accession number:20124715692062
Title:Experiment and analysis on mechanical properties of gorgon nuts (euryale ferox) at different maturities
Authors:Ding, Weimin (1); Deng, Lijun (1); Li, Yinian (1); Zhang, Qin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
Corresponding author:Ding, W.(wmding@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:241-247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:With the increasing planting and consumption of gorgon nuts, the requirement of production mechanization for gorgon nuts has gradually become a bottleneck in the development of gorgon production. The design of the nut cracking machine has been a key problem in post-processing for gorgon nuts. In order to provide basic data for mechanical design of nut cracking machine, the impacts of maturity degree and stress direction on mechanical properties were analyzed by compression and shear tests. The results showed that the strain-stress curves of gorgon nuts in compression and shear tests were similar when they cracked, but the originating location and extending modes of cracks were different; The breaking force, deformation, strain energy and strain energy density of a gorgon nut increased with the increase of its maturity degree. Theoretically, it was easier to break gorgon nuts by using sheared force which perpendicular to the direction of navel. The research can provide foundational parameters for developing nut cracking machine of gorgon nuts.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Mechanical properties
Controlled terms:Curve fitting - Experiments - Machinery
Uncontrolled terms:Breaking force - Compression and shear - Experiment and analysis - Gorgon nut - Maturity - Mechanical design - Post processing - Strain energy density - Strain stress curve - Stress directions
Classification code:601 Mechanical Design - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 8>
Accession number:20124715692060
Title:Assessing of land-saving potential based on per capita construction land standards
Authors:Zhou, Kehao (1); Tan, Ronghui (1); Liu, Yanfang (1); Kong, Xuesong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Corresponding author:Tan, R.(1349959162@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:222-231
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To quantitatively assess and analyze intensive land use potential on regional scale in Hubei province, according to per capita construction land standards, the potential use of urban-rural construction land was calculated with restrictive correction coefficients which amend to the theoretical potential and the amount of idle land and waste land was investigated for 83 counties of Hubei province from 2009 to 2020. Results showed that extensive use pattern still dominated intensive use pattern in Hubei province and the restrictive correction coefficients were consistent with the geographic and geomorphic conditions. At the same time, transposition potential was spatially negative correlated with potential from idle and waste land. The construction land can be saved 25.24 ten thousands hectares by 2020, in which transposition potential was 18.66 ten thousands hectares and potential from idle and waste land was 6.58 ten thousands hectares. In the future, the land use of construction would be put on internal exploitation of existing construction land. Meanwhile, unlimited urban sprawl and the area of rural residential land must be controlled gradually. The research can provide a decision-making basis for land use planning and land consolidation planning in the future.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Consolidation - Rural areas
Uncontrolled terms:Construction land - Correction coefficients - Economical and intensive land-use - Geomorphic conditions - Hubei Province - Land Use Planning - Per capita - Potential estimation - Regional scale - Urban sprawl - Urban-rural
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 9>
Accession number:20124715692057
Title:Biogas yield of Enteromorpha prolifera under different pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation conditions
Authors:Li, Xiuchen (1); Zhang, Guochen (1); Sun, Wen (1); Mu, Gang (1); Mu, Chenxiao (1); Li, Feng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) R and D Center of Fisheries Equipment and Engineering of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Corresponding author:Li, X.(lxc@dlou.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:200-206
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For enhancing utilization of green tide algae, biogas production and characteristics of Enteromorpha prolifera were experimentally studied. Biogas yield and volumetric proportion of methane were evaluated under different pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation conditions. When mass proportion of total solid (TS) was 3% and fermentation temperature was 35°C, the biogas yield per unit mass of volatile solid(VS)were 327.1 mL/g and 458.5 mL/g from Enteromorpha prolifera with particle size of 0.15 mm and 1.50 mm, respectively, and the corresponding volumetric proportion of methane were 64.5% and 66.1%; Comparatively, with alkali pretreated Enteromorpha prolifera of 1.50 mm, the biogas yield per unit mass of VS and volumetric proportion of methane were 340.5 mL/g and 69.4%, respectively. With Enteromorpha prolifera of 1.50 mm and TS mass proportion of 3%, the biogas yield per unit mass of VS at 35°C increased by 31.3% and 7.5% than that of 25°C and 55°C, respectively, the corresponding volumetric proportion of methane increased by 10.0% than that of 25°C and was close to that of 55°C; For Enteromorpha prolifera of 1.50 mm and fermentation at 35°C, the biogas yield per unit mass of VS was the highest when TS mass proportion was kept at 6%, the corresponding volumetric proportion of methane increased by 5.3% than that 3% and was nearly equal to that of 10%. It was accordingly that higher biogas yield, volumetric proportion of methane and system stability could obtain from Enteromorpha prolifera with grinding particle of 1.50 mm, TS mass proportion of 6% and fermentation temperature of 35°C. The results can provide a reference for further studies on biogas production of Enteromorpha prolifera and other macro algae.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Algae - Biogas - Fermentation - Methane - System stability
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic fermentation - Biogas production - Enteromorpha prolifera - Fermentation temperature - Macro algae - Mass proportion - Per unit - Pre-Treatment - Total solids - Volatile solid
Classification code:452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 522 Gas Fuels - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 961 Systems Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 10>
Accession number:20124715692053
Title:Research of sunlight withering room and its withering effect on white tea
Authors:Chen, Jibin (1); Jin, Xinyi (1); Hao, Zhilong (1); Jiang, Liping (1); Fang, Shoulong (2); Liu, Suhui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (2) Fujing Yinlong Tea Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Fuding 355200, China
Corresponding author:Jin, X.(jxy427@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:171-177
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, the energy-efficient sun withering room and a novel variable-frequency continuous withering machine were used for white tea leaf withering to optimize the processing condition, which aims to substantially improve white tea quality, while reduce the energy budget and labor cost by realizing fully automation of white tea leaf withering. The results show that sun withering room for white tea in Fuding city should be facing 5 degree south by west, with the roof angle of 22°. Variable-frequency continuous withering machine can realize automatic alternation of sun withering and natural withering. The total solar radiation intensity and temperature in the machine exhibits gradient as (from high to low) level 4 > level 3> level 2> level 1.The daily variation of total solar radiation is in the range of 34 to 695 W/m<sup>2</sup>, and accordingly the daily variation of temperature is from 17.8°C to 32.7°C, both of which comply with the requirement of white tea withering condition. It demonstrates that the quality of white tea withered in the facility is much better than that withered by traditional natural withering. The study results can provide a reference for fully automation of white tea leaf withering in facility.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Machine design
Controlled terms:Cost accounting - Design - Employment - Facilities - Machinery - Solar radiation - Sun - Wages
Uncontrolled terms:Daily variations - Energy budgets - Energy efficient - High-to-low - Labor costs - Level 2 - Level 4 - Processing condition - Solar radiation intensity - Sunlight withering room - White tea - Withering condition - Withering machine
Classification code:912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911.1 Cost Accounting - 657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 408 Structural Design - 402 Buildings and Towers - 601 Mechanical Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 11>
Accession number:20124715692036
Title:Design of droplet size measuring system of air-assisted spraying and experiment on its influencing factors
Authors:Zhai, Changyuan (1); Wang, Xiu (2); Ge, Jishuai (1); Guo, Junjie (1); Ma, Wei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) National Engineering Research Centre for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wangx@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:33-38
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to easily test droplet size in different spraying conditions, a droplet size measuring system of air-assisted spraying was designed. The system can accurately regulate nozzle position, spraying angle, spraying pressure and wind speed. The adjustment ranges of nozzle xyz three-dimensional position are 0-0.9, 0-0.8 and 0-0.7 m with adjustment accuracy of 0.04 mm, while the adjustment range of spraying angle is 0-360° with adjustment accuracy of 0.005°. The spraying pressure adjustment range is 0.2-0.5 MPa, and the relative error is not more than 1.5%. The wind speed adjustment range is 0-15 m/s, and the relative error is not more than 4.17%. The test results of influence of wind speed on droplet size show that the commonly used three statistics items D<inf>32</inf>, D<inf>43</inf> and D<inf>V0.5</inf> increase as wind speed rising, and the average rates of change of the three statistics are 2.62, 3.59 and 6.83 μm·s/m. When the wind speed increases from 3 to 15 m/s, the three statistics increase by 46%, 26% and 71% respectively. The test results of influence of spraying pressure on droplet size show that D<inf>32</inf>, D<inf>43</inf> and D<inf>V0.5</inf> increase as spraying pressure rising, and the average rates of change of the three statistics are -90.33, -232.3 and -300.2 μm/MPa respectively. When the pressure changes from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa, the three statistics decrease by 31%, 36% and 56%. It can be concluded that wind speed and spraying pressure affect droplets size much, and the influence should be considered when the two factors are controlled in spraying system.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Design - Drops - Measurements - Spraying - Statistics - Wind effects
Uncontrolled terms:Air-assisted spraying - Average rate - Droplet sizes - Influence characteristics - Pressure change - Relative errors - Spraying angle - Spraying pressure - Spraying system - Test systems - Wind speed
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 813.1 Coating Techniques - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 408.1 Structural Design, General - 408 Structural Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 12>
Accession number:20124715692058
Title:Effect of Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> pretreatment on biogas production of rice straw fermentation
Authors:Song, Zilin (1); Yang, Gaihe (2); Zhang, Tong (1); Feng, Yongzhong (2); Ren, Guangxin (2); Han, Xinhui (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China; (2) College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China; (3) Research Center for Recycling Agricultural Engineering Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
Corresponding author:Yang, G.(ygh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:207-213
Language:English
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Previous studies had shown that the digestibility of the lignocellulosic biomass and methane yield were increased with alkali pretreatment prior to anaerobic fermentation. To increase the economic viability of pretreatment technology and simplify operation, a self-designed laboratory-scale continuous anaerobic biogas digester was used in this study. Anaerobically digested slurry, Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> pretreatment, and anaerobic digestion were evaluated for biogas production from rice straw. The results showed that the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose of rice straw were significantly degraded, and all pretreatments promoted biogas production. The Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> pretreatments exhibited higher biogas production than that of anaerobically digested slurry, and the highest biogas yield was obtained with 8% Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> treatment, which reached up to 14374 mL, 100.91% higher than that of the control. The results show that rice straw fermentation with Ca(OH)<inf>2</inf> pretreatment has the advantages of simple procedure, low cost and high biogas production. Therefore, pretreatment with lime can be applied in household biogasification of rice and other crop straws.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Biogas
Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - Calcium - Cellulose - Fermentation - Methane - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Alkali pretreatment - Anaerobic fermentation - Biogas digesters - Biogas production - Biogasification - Economic viability - Lignocellulosic biomass - Low costs - Methane Yield - Pre-Treatment - Pre-treatments - Pretreatment technology - Rice straws
Classification code:452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 522 Gas Fuels - 549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 13>
Accession number:20124715692055
Title:Numerical simulation on flow field around star artificial reefs
Authors:Zheng, Yanxuan (1); Guan, Changtao (2); Song, Xiefa (1); Liang, Zhenlin (3); Cui, Yong (2); Li, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Lab. for Water Environmental Engineering of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (2) Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; (3) Lab. for Fisheries Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
Corresponding author:Guan, C.(guanct@ysfri.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:185-193
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Artificial reefs placed in the sea with different layouts, would produce different flow field. The flow field of star artificial reef on different layouts and flow velocities (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 m/s) were simulated using the RNG k-Ε turbulent model. The numerical simulation results are consistent with results observed in other methods. Therefore, the method of numerical simulation can reflect the situations of upwelling and back eddy around star artificial reef. With the increment of disposal space, the maximum velocity, area and height of upwelling increased and the back eddy area decreased in side-by-side arrangement. In tandem arrangement, the height of upwelling, the upwelling area and the back eddy area between two artificial reefs reached the maximum value at the 1.5 ratio of disposal space and the upwelling area reached the maximum value at the ratio of 1.The back eddy area increased with the increment of disposal space. The research can provide a reference for layouts and disposal space of artificial reefs put in sea bed.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Computational fluid dynamics - Fisheries - Flow fields - Reefs - Stars
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial reefs - Maximum velocity - Sea bed - Tandem arrangement - Turbulent models - Upwelling areas
Classification code:471.1 Oceanography, General - 471.5 Sea as Source of Minerals and Food - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena - 723.5 Computer Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 14>
Accession number:20124715692041
Title:Research of red soil aggregate abrasion degree of different layers in overland flow
Authors:Wang, Junguang (1); Li, Zhaoxia (1); Cai, Chongfa (1); Yang, Wei (1); Ma, Renming (1); Wang, Tianwei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Cai, C.(cfcai@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:78-84
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to determine the effect of migration distance on the abrasion degree of red soil aggregate in different layer in overland flow, the relationship between aggregate stability of red soil in different layer and abrasion degree was studied based on the analysis of aggregate stability and the simulated scouring experiment in laboratory. Red soils from three areas (Xianning, Jinxian and Changsha city) were chosen for this study. The results showed that the aggregate stability of red soils from wetting sieving and LB methods (fast-wetting and stirring pre-wetted) was the greatest for iron-manganese illuvial layer, intermediate for reticulated mottling layer and least for the surface soil layer in the three areas. However, the slow-wetting treatment had no significant regularity between the different layers in this study. The main mechanisms of aggregate breakdown in different layers were slaking and mechanical breakdown. The abrasion degree of aggregate in different layers was iron-manganese illuvial layer < reticulated mottling layer < surface soil layer in five migration distances. The parameter RMI which describes mechanical breakdown showed a significant correlation with the abrasion degree and abrasion coefficient α. By introducing the parameter RMI and transport distance x, the abrasion degree prediction equation of red soil aggregate in different layer was established with a good correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>=0.88). The equation showed a good prediction performance. The results can provide a reference for research on erosion mechanisms of red soil, which is of great significance for the development of adequate soil erosion models.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Aggregates
Controlled terms:Abrasion - Agglomeration - Convergence of numerical methods - Erosion - Geologic models - Manganese - Soils - Stability - Tribology - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Aggregate stability - Different layers - Erosion mechanisms - Good correlations - Mechanical breakdown - Migration distance - Overland flow - Prediction equations - Prediction performance - Red soils - Scouring experiments - Soil-erosion model - Surface soil layers - Transport distances
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801 Chemistry - 961 Systems Science - 543.2 Manganese and Alloys - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 406 Highway Engineering - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 15>
Accession number:20124715692067
Title:Optimization of tea tree oil fumigation for keeping quality of harvested strawberry fruit
Authors:Shao, Xingfeng (1); Cheng, Sai (1); Wang, Hongfei (1); Cao, Baoying (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (2) Information School, Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology, Ningbo 315100, China
Corresponding author:Shao, X.(shaoxingfeng@nbu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:279-286
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to determine the optimum condition of tee tree oil fumigation for control disease of postharvest strawberry fruit inoculated with Botrytis cinerea, effects of three independent variables, fumigation time, fumigation concentration and fumigation temperature were investigated by means of response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Behnken experimental design based on the single factor experiments. Results showed that the optimal fumigation conditions were as follows: the fumigation time was 3.1 h, fumigation concentration was 0.66 mL/L and fumigation temperature 33.3°C. Verification test showed that the decay index of inoculated strawberry fruit is 7.5%, and the relative error of the measured values with the predicted value is 4.1%. Under these conditions, natural strawberries were fumigated and stored to observe the disease and quality change. The results show that tea tree oil treatment can significantly reduce the natural decay development, meanwhile reduce weight loss and maintain higher hardness, soluble solid, titratable acid and anthocyanin content. This research can provide a reference for commercial application of tea tree oil on strawberry preservation.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Anthocyanins - Disease control - Forestry - Fumigation - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:Anthocyanin content - Botrytis cinerea - Box-Behnken experimental design - Commercial applications - Decay index - Independent variables - Keeping quality - Natural decay - Optimum conditions - Postharvest - Quality change - Relative errors - Response surface methodology - Soluble solids - Strawberry - Strawberry fruits - Tea tree oil - Titratable acid - Verification tests - Weight loss
Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 16>
Accession number:20124715692051
Title:Use patterns of ecological agriculture and biological carbon sinking extension in marsh wetland
Authors:Yang, Fuyi (1); Li, Xiujun (1); Liu, Xingtu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment of Chinese Academy Sciences, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China
Corresponding author:Yang, F.(yangfuyi@neigae.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:156-162
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the technology of the biological carbon sinking extension and the patterns of the carbon sinking type use in the marsh wetland, the degradation soda saline-alkali reed marsh wetland of Niuxintaobao reed farm, Da'an City, Jilin Province was chosen as the studied object. In 2006-2011, during fishes, shrimps and crab were artificially enhanced and released, the degradation reed vegetation was restored and the high carbon sinking hydrobiology community was built. The technology of the biological carbon sinking extension and the use patterns of the carbon sinking type in the marsh wetland were experimented. The results showed that the biomass of the major carbon sinking organisms from the experimental land was 3 364.38 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>·a, and increased by 158.20% than the firsthand marsh wetland, i. e. increased by 20.89% per year. The capability of the biological carbon sinking from the experimental land was 176.42 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> ·a, and increased by 256.98% than the firsthand marsh wetland, i. e. increased by 35.01% per year. The economic benefit from the experimental land was 744 Yuan/hm<sup>2</sup>·a, and increased by 215.25% than the firsthand marsh wetland, i. e. increased by 25.81% per year. The pattern for enhancement and releasing is not an adverse effect on the productivity of submersed macrophytes and zoobenthos from the marsh wetland, and it is harmless for the ecosystem. The "reed-fish-shrimp-crab" model in the soda saline-alkali reed marsh wetland built by the experiment is a pattern of the biological carbon sinking extension for marsh wetlands, and it is also an eco-agriculture model with the function of carbon sinking for the sustainable use of marsh wetlands. The results can provide a reference for the study of biological carbon sinking extension and carbon sinking type use in marsh wetlands or other type of wetlands.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Carbon - Ecology - Ecosystems - Fish - Shellfish
Uncontrolled terms:Adverse effect - Economic benefits - Hydrobiology - Jilin Province - Songnen plain - Submersed macrophytes - Sustainable use - Zoobenthos
Classification code:442.2 Land Reclamation - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.9 Biology - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 17>
Accession number:20124715692038
Title:3D simulation on four design methods of water distribution uniformity for typical peripheral feed sedimentation tank
Authors:Hao, Feilin (1); Shen, Mingwei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (2) School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Corresponding author:Shen, M.(shendu@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:56-62
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to analyze the uniformity of water distribution for four inflow design methods on peripheral feed sedimentation tank, three-dimensional simulation was carried out by computational fluid dynamics(CFD) technique in a typical sediment tank with diameter 20 m, the uniformities of water and sludge mass flow rates were simulated and compared for four different design methods. The homogeneous sub-model of Eulerian-Eulerian Multiphase Model was adopted in simulation of the tank distribution channel, three phases of water, granular sludge and air(above water) were included, four commonly used design methods in engineering practice-varied-channel-fixed-aperture, varied-channel-varied-aperture, fixed-channel-fixed-aperture and fixed-channel-varied-aperture were selected and simulated. The results showed that none of the four design methods was able to achieve an evenness distribution of water and sludge, which had a minimum 10% of standard deviation of apertures in mass flow rate. The distribution uniformities of water and sludge by varied-channel method were comparatively better and can be employed preferentially. With varied-aperture design method, a very small variation of apertures in diameters was derived, while the distribution evenness of water and sludge were improved obviously with adoption of fixed-channel width method.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Three dimensional computer graphics
Controlled terms:Computational fluid dynamics - Design - Models - Settling tanks - Three dimensional - Water distribution systems
Uncontrolled terms:3D simulations - Design method - Distribution channel - Distribution of water - Distribution uniformity - Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase model - Granular sludge - Mass flow rate - Small variations - Standard deviation - Three dimensional simulations - Three phasis - Uniformity - Water distributions - Width method
Classification code:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 18>
Accession number:20124715692045
Title:Registration algorithm based on nonsubsampled contour transform and morphological shrink operator for multi-source images
Authors:Wang, Ruirui (1); Ma, Jianwen (4); Shi, Wei (5); Huang, Huaguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Center of 3S Technology and Mapping, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (4) Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (5) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Wang, R.(wangruigis@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:110-118
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is difficult to extract the corresponding features from the multi-source images in automatic registration between them. Aiming to this problem, a new registration method based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and morphological shrink operator (MSO) was proposed. The feature extraction method based on NSCT_MSO can reduce the differences in angle and scale, and extract key structural feature points in multi-scale and multi-directional space. The feature matching method based on normalized mutual information computed from the low frequency band and the triangular consistency inspect method can extract a considerable number of corresponding feature points with even distribution, which ensure a high accuracy for the registration between multi-source images. The performance of the proposed algorithm was demonstrated and validated by experiments on SPOT-5(P) and ASTER images with considerable differences in angle and scale. The experimental results indicate that many corresponding feature points with even distribution can be obtained with the new algorithm and the accuracy of registration model is close to 1 pixel. The research can provide a basis for image fusion and object recognition.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Algorithms
Controlled terms:Feature extraction - Frequency bands - Image fusion - Image reconstruction - Image registration - Mathematical transformations - Object recognition - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:ASTER image - Automatic registration - Feature extraction methods - Feature matching - Low frequency band - Morphological shrink operator - Multi-directional - Multi-source images - Multiscales - Nonsubsampled contourlet transforms - Normalized mutual information - Registration algorithms - Registration methods - Remote sensing images - Structural feature
Classification code:716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 731.1 Control Systems - 921 Mathematics - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 19>
Accession number:20124715692068
Title:Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere packaging on quality retention during cold-temperature storage of Lycium barbarum fruit
Authors:Wang, Ruiqing (1); Feng, Jianhua (1); Wei, Wenwen (1); Xu, Xinming (1); Yu, Wangqing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Jinan Fruit Research Institute, China Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Ji'nan, 250014, China
Corresponding author:Feng, J.(jhfeng123456@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:287-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The effects of 1.0 μL/L 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment, polyethylene film MAP (PEF-MAP) and silicon gum film MAP (SGF-MAP) on quality retention and physiology property of fresh Lycium barbarum fruit during storage at (2 ± 1)°C were investigated. 1-MCP treatment alleviated sensory soured smell at the end of storage (35 d), while the titratable acidity (TA) and skin color were not significantly influenced(P>0.05). PEF-MAP and SGF-MAP improved SSC/TA ratio and fruit sensory attributes including skin condition, aroma and texture properties, retained soluble solids content, while had no effect on color and juicy condition. The decay incidence at the end of storage decreased from 46.7% for control to 31.1% for 1-MCP, 8.9% for PEF-MAP and 26.7% for SGF-MAP, respectively. Among the above three treatments, PEF-MAP was most effective on overall quality retention of Lycium barbarum fruit, and the postharvest life was extended for 14 d. The results of this research can provide a reference for commercial production of fresh Lycium barbarum fruit.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Energy storage - Films - Modified atmosphere packaging - Packaging
Uncontrolled terms:1-MCP - 1-methylcyclopropene - 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) - Commercial productions - Lycium barbarum - Overall quality - Polyethylene film - Postharvest - Quality retention - Sensory attributes - Skin color - Skin conditions - Soluble solids content - Texture properties - Titratable acidity
Classification code:694.1 Packaging, General - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 933 Solid State Physics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 20>
Accession number:20124715692064
Title:Optimization of ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of polyphenols from mango seed kernel
Authors:Gao, Yuntao (1); Wang, Zhenfeng (1); Luo, Lijun (1); Dai, Jianhui (1); Li, Ding (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650031, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, Kunming, 650500, China
Corresponding author:Gao, Y.(2314972096@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:255-261
Language:English
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to obtain the optimal conditions of ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of polyphenols from mango seed kernel, a novel extraction method involving ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with propyl-alcohol ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase separation was developed for the extraction of polyphenols from mango seed kernel. Response surface methodology, based on a five levels, four variables central composite designs was employed to study the effect of extraction conditions on the extraction yield of total polyphenols. An extraction yield of 6.67% was achieved under the optimal extraction conditions of 59.7% of propyl-alcohol volume fraction, 23.4% of ammonium sulfate investigated concentration, 27.0 min of extraction time and liquid/solid ratio of 23 mL/g at ultrasonic power of 400 W and temperature of 45°C, which was agreement well with the optimal prediction value (6.82%). Total polyphenols content in the extract of ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction was higher than that of conventional ultrasound-assisted extraction. The research indicates that the method of combining aqueous two-phase separation with ultrasound-assisted extraction to improve the extraction of polyphenols is practicable. The research can provide a reference for full utilization of mango seed kernel and the extraction technique of polyphenols.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Extraction
Controlled terms:Fruits - Optimization - Phase separation - Phenols - Ultrasonic applications - Ultrasonics
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium Sulfate - Aqueous two phase - Aqueous two-phase extraction - Central composite designs - Extraction conditions - Extraction techniques - Extraction time - Extraction yield - Mango seed kernel - Novel extraction - Optimal conditions - Polyphenols - Response surface methodology - Ultrasonic power - Ultrasound-assisted extraction
Classification code:753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 753.3 Ultrasonic Applications - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 21>
Accession number:20124715692061
Title:Effect of preparing condition on physicochemical property of slightly acidic electrolyzed functional water
Authors:Hou, Yatao (1); Li, Fade (1); Zhang, Shifu (1); Wang, Lijun (1); Liu, Haijie (3); Li, Lite (3); Ren, Jie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machineries and Equipments, Tai'an 271018, China; (3) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
Corresponding author:Li, F.(li_fade@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:232-240
Language:English
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to obtain the best operating parameters for preparing slightly acidic electrolyzed functional water (SAEFW), a four-factor central composite design was adopted to investigate the effects of voltage (U), hydrochloric acid solution flow rate (Q<inf>H</inf>), concentration (C<inf>H</inf>) and water flow rate (Q<inf>W</inf>) on the available chlorine concentration (ACC), pH value, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and electrical conductivity of SAEFW. The results indicated that the ACC was affected significantly (p<0.01) by the processing factors, such as Q<inf>W</inf>, U and C<inf>H</inf>. It was noticeable (p<0.01) that the factors Q<inf>H</inf>, C<inf>H</inf> and Q<inf>W</inf> influenced the pH value of SAEFW. Q<inf>H</inf>, C<inf>H</inf> and Q<inf>W</inf> obviously affected (p<0.01) the ORP value and the electrical conductivity of SAEFW. The variations could be well described by linear or quadratic polynomial models. The determination coefficients of ACC, pH value, ORP and electrical conductivity are all more than 0.95. The best operating parameters for manufacturing SAEFW by generator were 4.4 V of DC voltage, 1.04 L/h of hydrochloric acid flow rate, 2.8% of hydrochloric acid solution concentration and 210 L/h of water flow rate. The criteria of SAEFW were available chlorine concentration (32±2) mg/L, pH value 6.40±0.1, ORP (920±10) mV and electrical conductivity (1130±30) μS/cm. The experimental results showed that the proposed method could obtain the best operating conditions for manufacturing the SAEFW.
Number of references:33
Main heading:pH
Controlled terms:Chlorine - Electric conductivity - Electric potential - Flow of water - Flow rate - Hydraulics - Hydrochloric acid - Manufacture - Models - Optimization - Redox reactions
Uncontrolled terms:Central composite designs - Chlorine concentration - DC voltage - Determination coefficients - Electrical conductivity - Functional water - Hydrochloric acid solution - Operating condition - Operating parameters - Oxidation-reduction potentials - pH value - Physicochemical property - Processing factors - Quadratic polynomial - Water flow rate
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 632.1 Hydraulics - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 631 Fluid Flow - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 22>
Accession number:20124715692063
Title:Optimization and kinetics for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of L-dopa from fava bean (Vicia faba L.) sprouts
Authors:Song, Jiangfeng (1); Li, Dajing (1); Liu, Chunquan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Products Processing, Institute of Farm Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
Corresponding author:Liu, C.(liuchunquan2009@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:248-254
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to fully extract and utilize high bioactive natural L-DOPA (Levo-dihydroxy phenylalanine), the present study was undertaken to explore the potential applicability of ultrasonic waves to isolate L-DOPA from germinated sprouts, extraction kinetics were also preliminarily studied. Based on single factor experiments, a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the processing conditions for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of L-DOPA in germinated fava bean sprouts and evaluate the effects of three independent variables (ultrasonic power, liquid-solid ratio and extraction time on the yield of L-DOPA. The results showed that ultrasonic power was the most important factor, the maximum yield of L-DOPA (1.47%) was found when 2.0 g germinated sprouts was extracted with 30% (by vol.) ethanol-0.1 M acetic acid solution at ultrasonic power 257 W, liquid-solid ratio 31 mL/g and extraction time 37.4 min. Under the optimum UAE conditions, L-DOPA recovery of the germinated sprouts was a little higher than that of conventional solvent extraction (CSE) and represented almost 0.58-fold increase when compared with ungerminated sprouts, UAE significantly shortened the time required for the extraction process. The yields of L-DOPA at different extraction time were simulated by three kinetic models,. i e. the film theory, the unsteady diffusion through plant and the empirical equation of Ponomaryov. The film model gave good simulation to the experimental data with the highest R<sup>2</sup> at 0.9928. The results can provide a reference for natural L-DOPA preparation.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Ultrasonics
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Amino acids - Enzyme kinetics - Ethanol - Extraction - Kinetics - Liquids - Optimization - Reaction kinetics - Solvent extraction
Uncontrolled terms:Acid solutions - Bean sprouts - Box-Behnken design - Empirical equations - Extraction kinetics - Extraction process - Extraction time - Film model - Film theory - Germinated fava bean - Independent variables - Kinetic models - L-DOPA - Liquid solids - Processing condition - Ultrasonic power - Vicia faba
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 23>
Accession number:20124715692066
Title:Modification of insoluble dietary fiber from sweet potato residue with ultra high pressure processing technology
Authors:Li, Yan (1); Xiong, Mingzhou (1); Yin, Conglin (2); Wu, Fang (1); Xie, Xin'an (1); Yang, Gongming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (2) Metrohm China Ltd., Beijing 100005, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(yanliscau@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:270-278
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the physiological functions of dietary fiber from sweet potato residue, insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) was prepared from sweet potato residue for physical and chemical properties ultra-high pressure modification with uniform test method. And insoluble dietary fiber was characterised by the methods of SEM, HPCE, FT-IR, XRD, BET and particle size. The conclusion shows that the pressure (X<inf>1</inf>), processing time (X<inf>2</inf>) and temperature (X<inf>3</inf>) had the significant influences on glucose regulation, blood fat regulation and the ability of removing exogenous harmful substances in modified IDF. The optimum processing conditions were that the glucose regulation and blood fat regulation capacity were pressure of 600 MPa, processing time of 15 min and temperature of 60°C; The ability of removing exogenous harmful substances were pressure of 100 MPa, processing time of 10 min and temperature of 42°C. The physicochemical property shows that the microstructure of sweet potato residue IDF modified by the ultra-high pressure was loose, smooth, porous with honeycomb-shaped and massive structure. Either modification didn't affect the monosaccharide compositions, but the contents of monosaccharide changed a little. Meanwhile, crystal and particle size of modified IDF reduced, the specific surface area increased. The characteristic absorption peaks enhanced and a red shift or blue shift appeared, and a number of new absorption peaks occured. The research can provide a reference for functional modifications and utilization of dietary fiber from sweet potato residue.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Fibers
Controlled terms:Blood - Chemical properties - Glucose - Particle size - Physical properties - Pressure
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption peaks - Blue shift - Characteristic absorption - Dietary fibers - Functional modification - Glucose regulation - Harmful substances - Insoluble dietary fibers - Modification - Monosaccharide composition - Optimum processing - Physical and chemical properties - Physicochemical property - Physiological functions - Processing time - Red shift - Regulation capacity - Sweet potato - Test method - Ultrahigh pressure - XRD
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 801 Chemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 24>
Accession number:20124715692033
Title:Design and experiment of fresh-keeping transportation vehicle with controlled atmosphere for fruits and vegetables
Authors:Lü, Enli (1); Lu, Huazhong (1); Luo, Xiwen (1); Wang, Guanghai (3); Xu, Jinfeng (2); Yang, Songxia (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) College of Automotive, Guangdong Jidian Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510515, China
Corresponding author:Lu, H.(huazlu@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:9-16
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A new fresh-keeping transportation technology with controlled atmosphere (CA) system featuring liquid nitrogen injection was designed to resolve the current problems of low efficiency and high cost present in fruits and vegetables transportation. The transportation vehicle consists of chassis, container based on differential pressure principle, CA equipments utilizing liquid nitrogen injection, ultrasonic humidification devices, refrigeration appliances, variable air volume ventilation assembly, air change valves and control unit. The vehicle performance test result indicated that under the condition of ambient temperature of (33.5±1)°C, relative humidity of (59±3)%, "blanks in the middle" stack mode and internal rear temperature of (22.3±0.3)°C, the container took 52 minutes and 90 minutes to reach the target environment when the cargo initial temperature was 4.82 and 6.38°C respectively. Under the same condition and the cargo initial temperature of 4.65-4.82°C, it accordingly took 52 minutes, 30 minutes and 77 minutes to reach the target environment when the stack mode was separately using "blanks in the middle", "blanks on both sides and middle", and "no blanks left". And the container took 26 minutes, 9 minutes and 33 minutes to increase the relative humidity from 85% to 90%, respectively, according to the three stack modes mentioned above. Therefore, the "blanks on both sides and middle" stack mode was superior to "blanks in the middle" and "no blanks left" stack modes in terms of target environment regulation time. Decreasing the O<inf>2</inf> concentration from 20.9% to 5% cost 28 minutes and 18.99 kg of liquid nitrogen on average under the "full loaded" stack mode, demonstrating that the vehicle had high CA efficiency and low cost. It is concluded this new design could serve as reference for further development on CA fresh-keeping transportation technology.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Transportation
Controlled terms:Containers - Fruits - Liquid nitrogen - Protective atmospheres - Vegetables - Vehicle performance
Uncontrolled terms:Control unit - Differential pressures - Environment regulations - Fresh-keeping - High costs - Low costs - New design - Nitrogen injection - Transportation technology - Transportation vehicles - Variable air volume - Vehicle performance test
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 694 Packaging - 691 Bulk Handling and Unit Loads - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 434 Waterway Transportation - 433 Railroad Transportation - 432 Highway Transportation - 431 Air Transportation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 25>
Accession number:20124715692065
Title:Optimization of pretreatment by ultra-high pressure during production of gelatin from pig-skin
Authors:Chen, Liqing (1); Zhang, Yuhao (1); Zhou, Mengrou (1); Han, Jiadong (1); Ma, Liang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (2) National Food Science and Engineering Experimental Teaching Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.(Zhy1203@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:262-269
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:There are many problems such as long production period and serious pollution issued from acid and alkali existing in the production process of gelatin by traditional acid or/and alkali-base pretreatment method. The new pretreatment method using the ultra-high pressure (UHP) technology was investigated in this study to improve the traditional production process of gelatin and establish a clean and efficient preparation method. The effects of UHP pretreatment to the yield and gel strength of gelatin from pig-skin using different transmitting media were studied by comparison with controls treated by non-pretreatment and acid. The optimal UHP pretreatment method was selected and some factors such as pressure, time of UHP and concentration of acid were optimized further for the gelatin extraction. The results show that UHP pretreatment can improve the extraction yield and gel strength of gelatin. The best effect was got by combined pretreatment with UHP and acid. The optimal conditions were that UHP level was 250 MPa, UHP time was 10 min and HCl concentration was 0.75%, under which condition the extraction yield and gel strength of gelatin were up to 88.62% and 384.43 g, respectively. The SDS-PAGE patterns show that the UHP-treated gelatin contains higher mass fraction of high molecular components, such as two different α chains, β and γ-components, compared with that in gelatin treated by traditional method, which is possibly the reason for the high gel strength in UHP-treated gelatin. The results of the study can provide a technical reference for UHP technology application and establishment of clean production process in gelatin preparation.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Extraction
Controlled terms:Mammals - Optimization - Pressure - Production engineering
Uncontrolled terms:Clean production process - Extraction yield - Gel strengths - Gelatin from pig-skin - Mass fraction - Molecular components - Optimal conditions - Pre-Treatment - Preparation method - Pretreatment methods - Production process - SDS-PAGE - Technology application - Transmitting media - Ultrahigh pressure
Classification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 26>
Accession number:20124715692049
Title:Distribution transformer capacity optimization and allocation based on optimum allocated load rate
Authors:Yin, Decong (1); Xu, Yuejin (1); Wu, Hao (1); Yang, Jian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Y.(xyj@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:145-149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is very important to select distribution transformer capacity for power grid. It can optimize the allocation of transformer capacity and enhance the economical efficiency of distribution power grid. Using the idea of economic current density during the choice of wire, a new approach was proposed based on optimum allocated load rate to select distribution transformer capacity. First, a model of transformer capacity optimum allocation was established by using the new method, it not only contained investment, operation and maintenance fees and lost expenses, but also included the economic losses caused by transformer outage. Then, each cost model was constructed scientifically. All these were to achieve the target of minimum annual integrated cost. After optimization and calculation, recommended values of optimum allocated load rate for selecting one, two and three distribution transformers were obtained. Using the recommended values to select distribution transformer capacity is simple and feasible, economical and reasonable. Also, a technical support is provided for selecting distribution transformer capacity in power grid construction.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Electric transformers
Controlled terms:Costs - Electric power distribution - Losses - Networks (circuits) - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:Capacity allocation - Distribution transformer - Load rate - Loads - Outage cost
Classification code:911.2 Industrial Economics - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 704 Electric Components and Equipment - 703.1 Electric Networks - 706.1.2 Electric Power Distribution
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 27>
Accession number:20124715692056
Title:Preparation of bio-fuel from Chlorella pyrenoidosa by hydrothermal catalytic liquefaction
Authors:Xu, Yufu (1); Yu, Huiqiang (1); Zhu, Lihua (2); Wang, Kaichao (1); Cui, Zheng (1); Hu, Xianguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (2) Inner Mongonia Aerospace Jinxia Chemical Industry Company, Huhhot 010110, China
Corresponding author:Hu, X.(tribohu@gmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:194-199
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A novel hydrothermal catalytic liquefaction process for Chlorella pyrenoidosa was studied in the paper to explore the new resources of bio-fuel. The effects of catalytic liquefaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst on the yield of bio-fuel were investigated, and the reaction conditions were optimized via orthogonal optimization method. The chemical groups and components of final bio-fuel were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the optimal reaction was taken place at 300°C for 20 minutes as Ce/HZSM-5 was selected as a catalyst with 5% mass fraction and the volume ratio of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to solvent was 1:10. The maximum liquefaction yield reached to 39.87% and the heating value of final bio-fuel was up to 26.09 MJ/kg. The main components of bio-fuel from Chlorella pyrenoidosa contained alcohol, ester derivatives and some hydrocarbons. Compared with other lignocellulosic bio-fuels, the prepared bio-fuel can be regarded as an alternative diesel fuel because of their similar chemical components and higher heat value. The research is helpful for the preparation of bio-fuel from microalgaes.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Biofuels
Controlled terms:Algae - Biomass - Catalysts - Diesel fuels - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Hydrocarbons - Liquefaction - Near infrared spectroscopy - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:Alternative diesel fuel - Catalytic liquefaction - Chemical component - Chemical group - Chlorella pyrenoidosa - Ester derivatives - Fourier transform infrared spectrometry - Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry - Heat value - Heating value - Mass fraction - Optimization method - Reaction conditions - Volume ratio
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801 Chemistry - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 524 Solid Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 28>
Accession number:20124715692059
Title:Research of freeze-thaw erosion in the Three-River-Source area based on GIS
Authors:Shi, Zhan (1); Tao, Heping (1); Liu, Shuzhen (1); Liu, Bintao (1); Guo, Bing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (2) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Tao, H.(thp@imde.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:214-221
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The Three-River-Source area is an area of serious freeze-thaw erosion with high altitude, latitude and low temperature, so it plays a positive role on putting forward some suitable ecological environment plans and protection measures to carry out research of freeze-thaw erosion. Using normalization method and evaluation model, this paper takes annual temperature range, precipitation, slope, vegetation coverage and solar radiation as indexes to evaluate freeze-thaw erosion intensity. The results show that: (1) Freeze-thaw erosion is widely distributed in this area, accounting for 75.7% of total area and the largest one is Yangtze River; (2) Though the three areas are most covered by moderate erosion, they are different in proportion of five classes in each basin and in proportion of five classes in three basins, and in general Yangtze River is the most serious area; (3) The spatial distribution seems to change from low to high alternatively as zonal distribution, but the determinant factor is different in the east and west. The west zone is influenced by vegetation coverage and solar radiation, the east zone is influenced by precipitation, slope and solar radiation, and the middle of this area is influenced by all those factors.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Erosion
Controlled terms:Freezing - Models - Rivers - Solar radiation - Sun - Temperature - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Area-based - Determinant factors - Ecological environments - Erosion intensity - Evaluation models - Freeze-thaw - Low temperatures - Low-to-high - Normalization methods - Protection measures - Temperature range - Three-river-source area - Vegetation coverage - Yangtze River
Classification code:902.1 Engineering Graphics - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 407.2 Waterways - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 29>
Accession number:20124715692043
Title:Effects of different planting patterns on soil microbial community, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves
Authors:Zhang, Jiguang (1); Zheng, Linlin (1); Shi, Yi (1); Zhang, Zhongfeng (1); Ma, Xinghua (1); Shen, Guoming (1); Feng, Junxi (1); Tian, Lei (4)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (2) Key State Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (3) Chongqing Tobacco Company, Chongqing 400023, China; (4) Linyi Tobacco Company of Shandong Province, Linyi 276000, China
Corresponding author:Shi, Y.(qdshiyi@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:93-102
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the effects of different tobacco planting patterns on soil microbial community, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment including tobacco mono-cropping, green manure-tobacco with crop rotation, wheat inter-cropping and wheat-tobacco with crop-rotation was conducted in Gaoqiao Town, Yishui County, Shandong Province. The dynamics of soil microbial community in plowed layer (0-25cm) in 2009 was evaluated by using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) profiles. The results showed that at green manure ploughing stage (April 22), the total PLFAs content was the lowest in wheat inter-cropping treatment. At resettling growth stage of tobacco (June 20), it was the highest in manure-tobacco with crop rotation treatment, which had significant differences with other treatments. But at budding stage and mature stage, there was no significant difference among all treatments. The PLFAs data of different soil microbial floras and the differences among treatments both varied from the sampling time, and no significant difference of fungi PLFAs was found in all treatments. The ratios of fungi to bacteria PLFAs and gram-positive bacteria to gram-negative bacteria PLFAs indicated that the total soil microbial community and bacteria community structure were both influenced by the planting pattern and growing season. Soil microbial community structure changed most obviously in the wheat-tobacco rotation treatment during the whole growing season. Moreover, principal component analyses (PCA) of different microbial PLFAs at maturity stage revealed that an obvious differentiation was found among the planting patterns, and soil microbial community structure changed little in wheat-tobacco rotation, but changed greatly in the manure-tobacco rotation treatment and wheat inter-cropping treatment compared with the tobacco mono-cropping treatment. Furthermore, the economic characters and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves were both affected by different tobacco planting patterns. The average price, output value and configuration structure of flue-cured tobacco leaf were all increased. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar were both decreased, but the content of potassium of tobacco leaf increased significantly in the other three treatments compared with the tobacco mono-cropping treatment. The wheat inter-cropping treatment and wheat-tobacco rotation treatment were both considered as the better tobacco planting patterns according to their comprehensive benefits. These findings can help to understand the effects of tobacco cultivation on soil microbial environment, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing the tobacco planting pattern of northern China.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Cultivation - Fungi - Manures - Microorganisms - Phospholipids - Potassium - Principal component analysis - Rotation - Social sciences - Soils - Sugars - Tobacco
Uncontrolled terms:Bacteria community - Chemical compositions - Comprehensive benefit - Crop rotation - Field experiment - Flue-cured tobacco - Gram-negative bacteria - Gram-positive bacterium - Green manures - Growing season - Growth stages - Maturity stages - Microbial flora - Northern China - Output values - Phospholipid fatty acids - Phospholipids fatty acids - Reducing sugars - Sampling time - Shandong province - Soil microbial community - Soil microbial community structure
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 971 Social Sciences - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology - 549.1 Alkali Metals
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 30>
Accession number:20124715692032
Title:Development status of automated equipment systems for greenhouse potted flowers production in Netherlands
Authors:Gu, Song (1); Yang, Yanli (1); Zhang, Yuefeng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Institute of Protected Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Y.(yangduod@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-8
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the problem about labor shortages and high labor costs of greenhouse horticultural production, and to improve the competitiveness of greenhouse horticultural production, the Netherlands had been developing automated production systems for horticultural production. By now the automated production technology of greenhouse horticultural production in Netherland has reached the world leading position. This paper focused on the potted flower producing machines widely used in the Netherlands, such as seedlings transplanting machines, internal transporting equipments of potted flowers, spacing units, vision grading machines and packaging machines, etc, which constituting automated production systems of greenhouse. The characteristics of the automated production technology for potted flowers in Netherlands were summed up as follows: managing productions by means of cultivation expert systems; highly automated operations;a high level of annuel land utilization rate; and the most of manufacturers actively innovating new type of automated production machines. The Netherlands' experiences can help China to improve the labor problems of greenhouse horticultural production. China should firstly develop automated systems for flowers production according to its own conditions, and extend the automated production technologies to greenhouse vegetables production after the technologies being mature, so as to promote a modern transformation of horticultural production in China by means of automated production technologies.
Number of references:48
Main heading:Automation
Controlled terms:Competition - Computer vision - Cost accounting - Employment - Equipment - Expert systems - Greenhouses - Production engineering - Technology - Wages
Uncontrolled terms:Automated equipment - Automated operations - Automated production systems - Automated productions - Automated systems - Development status - Labor costs - Labor shortages - Land utilization - Netherlands - Potted flowers - Seedlings transplanting
Classification code:913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 911.1 Cost Accounting - 901 Engineering Profession - 913.1 Production Engineering - 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.4.1 Expert Systems - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 731.6 Robot Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 31>
Accession number:20124715692054
Title:Optimal design of biomass-solar complementary heating system
Authors:Wang, Zelong (1); Tian, Yishui (1); Zhao, Lixin (1); Meng, Haibo (1); Hou, Shulin (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Tian, Y.(yishuit@yahoo.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:178-184
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the economic benefits of the biomass-solar complementary heating system, optimization design on the economical efficiency is necessary. In this paper, a design scheme of biomass-solar complementary heating system was put forward. The economic analysis model on this system was set up. A linear programming method was used to optimize the scheme. The system was optimized taking a 200 m<sup>2</sup> building in Beijing for example. The results showed that the established economic analysis model was available, in which the price of the solar collectors, biomass pellet fuel, heat storage tank and the biomass pellet burner effected on the optimization results of the various parts parameters in the system, and the degree of influence decreased systematically. It can provide areference for the design of biomass-solar complementary heating system in the future.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Biomass
Controlled terms:Design - Economic analysis - Heating - Heating equipment - Linear programming - Optimization - Ore pellets - Pelletizing - Solar energy
Uncontrolled terms:Biomass pellet fuels - Biomass pellets - Complementary - Design scheme - Economic benefits - Economical efficiency - Heat storage tanks - Heating system - Optimal design - Optimization design
Classification code:911.2 Industrial Economics - 643.1 Space Heating - 642.2 Industrial Furnaces and Components - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 615.2 Solar Power - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 408 Structural Design - 533.1 Ore Treatment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 32>
Accession number:20124715692042
Title:Temporal and spatial distribution of seasonal drought in Southwest of China based on relative moisture index
Authors:Wang, Mingtian (1); Wang, Xiang (3); Huang, Wanhua (4); Zhang, Yufang (2); Ma, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (2) Agro-Meteorological Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China; (3) Meteorological Bureau of Luzhou City, Luzhou 646000, China; (4) Hunan Meteorological Research Institute, Changsha 410118, China
Corresponding author:Ma, J.(majunp2002@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:85-92
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Southwest of China is an important agricultural area, and seasonal drought is the most common agro-meteorological disaster in this region. Therefore, the study of temporal and spatial distribution of seasonal drought in Southwest of China is important for drought resistance and disaster reduction. In this study, daily precipitation, temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, wind speed and vapor pressure of 97 meteorological stations in four provinces (city) in the recent 50 years (from 1959 to 2008) were collected and used to calculate the relative moisture index (M). The spatial distribution of drought frequency and intensity in Southwest of China was analyzed at annual and seasonal time scale, and the annual variation of drought intensity and distribution in the recent 50 years were addressed. The results showed that, drought frequency at annual time scale was higher in the west, and lower in the east, exhibiting pronounced zonation patterns in Southwest of China. The areas with high incidence of drought mainly located at the western Sichuan plateau, the mountainous area in Southwestern Sichuan, and the regions of mountains, plateau and river valley in the northwest and north center of Yunnan. In these areas, drought occurred over twice in every three years, and drought intensities were mainly moderate or severe. The variation of drought frequency was significant between seasons. Drought happened most frequently in winter, followed by spring, autumn and summer. Winter drought was the most severe among the four seasons, followed by spring drought, autumn drought and summer drought. In general, the areas with high drought frequency normally had high drought intensity. In the aspect of annual variation, Southwest of China was getting wetter in recent years. Annual drought intensity was smaller, and drought was less severe in spring and autumn, but more severe in summer and winter over the past 50 years. In the last 10 years, annual drought intensity was obviously higher, and drought was more severe in summer, autumn and winter. This was consistent with the fact of high drought occurrence in Southwest of China over the past few years.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Drought
Controlled terms:Moisture - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural areas - Disaster reduction - Drought resistance - High incidence - Meteorological - Meteorological station - Moisture index - Mountainous area - River valley - Sichuan - Southwest of China - Summer droughts - Sunshine Hour - Temporal and spatial distribution - Time-scales - Western Sichuan - Wind speed
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 33>
Accession number:20124715692037
Title:Analysis on characteristics of runoff and sediment of Zhangjiashan hydrological station and case study for Jinghe river
Authors:Zhu, Hongyan (1); Han, Caibo (2); Jia, Zhifeng (3); Liu, Yan (3); Li, Peicheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China; (2) Shaanxi Water Conservancy and Power Survey Design Institute for Research, Xi'an, 710001, China; (3) Institute for Water and Development, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
Corresponding author:Li, P.(li_peicheng@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:48-55
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For reasonable evaluation and use of water resources of sediment-laden river, based on precipitation, runoff, sediment discharge and concentration data of Zhangjiashan Hydrological Station from 1956 to 2009, this paper analyses the variations of runoff and sediment of Zhangjiashan Station. The average characteristic value for many years of each series show that uniformity coefficient of sediment discharge is the largest, sediment discharge in July and August accounts for 81% of the annual total; Precipitation, runoff mainly concentrate in July and September. Statistics of annual average eigenvalue for sub-periods of precipitation, runoff, sediment discharge and concentration are given. The first three items are all in a decreasing trend, the average for sub-periods of sediment concentration fluctuates. Mann-kendall rank correlation test results show that test U-values of annual precipitation, runoff and sediment discharge are -2.39, -4.45, -3.36, all greater than 0.05 confidence level, which indicates that each has significant decrease trend. Period mean of sediment transport modulus reduces, period mean of incoming sediment coefficient increases. Grey correlation analysis and double cumulative curve show runoff and sediment discharge, precipitation all have good correlations, the association degree of the runoff and sediment load is 0.64, slightly larger than that of the runoff and precipitation of 0.62.Finally, this paper discusses the sediment gate project of the headworks in Jinghui irrigation district. The conclusion is that the reasonable limit of sediment is 15%, and the suitable sand excretion flow is 200 m<sup>3</sup>/s. The results can provide a reference for water project design of headworks of Jinghui irrigation district.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Sedimentology
Controlled terms:Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions - Irrigation - Runoff - Sediment transport - Water - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Annual average - Annual precipitation - Characteristic value - Concentration data - Confidence levels - Eigen-value - Gate projects - Good correlations - Grey correlation analysis - In-coming sediments - Irrigation districts - Mann-Kendall - Rank correlation - Sediment concentration - Sediment discharge - Sediment loads - Sendiments - Water projects - Zhangjiashan Station
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 481.1 Geology - 631.3 Flow of Fluid-Like Materials - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 921.1 Algebra
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 34>
Accession number:20124715692048
Title:Divided-branch and fixed-point routing for wireless moisture sensor networks
Authors:Xiao, Kehui (1); Luo, Xiwen (1); Chen, Jian (2); Xiao, Deqin (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (2) College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
Corresponding author:Luo, X.(xwluo@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:137-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To reduce the problem of data integrity caused by ambient interference and failure of sensor, practical routing protocols for wireless moisture sensor networks in periodically real-time monitoring of soil moisture were discussed based on hardware and software configuration of wireless moisture sensor, periodic work mechanism of networks and directional networks topology. Wireless moisture sensors were distributed as grid in two-dimensional matrix shapes with two bytes binary-coded address. The network was divided into branches according to different number of columns; Data was transmitted via fixed-point inside branch and orderly between branches. Routing protocols of single-branch, double-branch and triple-branch were presented, then analyzed and simulated from data quantity and timeout and data integrity. The result shows that divided-branch and fixed-point routing is better than AODV in energy consumption and data integrity to meet the demand of periodical monitoring of soil moisture.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Wireless sensor networks
Controlled terms:Energy utilization - Interference suppression - Moisture - Moisture meters - Routing protocols - Sensor networks - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Data integrity - Data quantity - Divided-branch and fixed-point - Hardware and software - Moisture sensors - Real time monitoring - Simulation - Work mechanism
Classification code:944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 732 Control Devices - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 35>
Accession number:20124715692046
Title:Sensitivity of rice growth model parameters and their uncertainties in yield estimation using remote sensing date
Authors:Huang, Jingfeng (1); Chen, La (1); Wang, Xiuzhen (4)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Application, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Polluted Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information System, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China; (4) Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (5) Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311121, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wxz05160516@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:119-129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Uncertainty in output of ORYZA2000 (a rice growth model) and sensitivities of model inputs were analyzed through global sensitivity analysis. The actual measured data was as the reference values, used for describing uncertainty in the model inputs. Results revealed high uncertainties in model output such as total above-ground dry matter (WAGT), leaf area index (LAI), leaf N content (NFLV) and weight of seed (WSO). The degree of variation in model outputs of LAI and WSO were more than 20% and 10% respectively. Among 17 analyzed inputs of ORYZA2000, the model variable of sowing time (EMD) had the highest index of sensitivity on model output. Errors in daily minimum temperature (TMIN), daily maximum temperature (TMAX) and daily sunshine hour (DHOUR), i. e. the driving variables of ORYZA200, had much influence on rice yield at mature. The fraction dry matter partitioned to leaves (FLVTB) had much effect on model outputs related to leaf and grain weight, so precision of FLVTB data should be put more attention for reducing uncertainty of yield estimation. The effects of integrating variables with 20% stochastic errors estimated from remote sensed on model outputs (WAGT and WSO) of ORYZA2000 were studied via global sensitivity analysis. Three scenarios of integrating variables (i. e. only LAI, only NFLV, or both of them) were simulated. Among three integrating scenarios, both LAI and NFLV simultaneously integrating with ORYZA2000 showed the highest adjusting effect on simulated WAGT and WSO, LAI alone showed the second highest, and NFLV alone showed the lowest. When WSO and WAGT are estimated integrating ORYZA2000 with variables inverted from remote sensing data, for all integrating scenarios remote sensing data on 70-80th day around after transplanting are more significant that need to be attained, and the remote sensing data before and after this time are also important and should be attained as well. Remote sensing data used for integrate with ORYZA2000 on the period of recovering after transplanting and the later mature of rice have no significance for WSO and WAGT estimation.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Stochastic models
Controlled terms:Errors - Estimation - Growth (materials) - Models - Remote sensing - Sensitivity analysis - Uncertainty analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Driving variables - Dry matters - Global sensitivity analysis - Grain weights - Growth models - Leaf Area Index - Maximum temperature - Model inputs - Model outputs - Model variables - N content - Reference values - Remote sensing data - Rice - Rice yield - Sowing time - Stochastic errors - Sunshine Hour - Yield estimation
Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics - 922.1 Probability Theory - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.19.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.
<RECORD 36>
Accession number:20124715692047
Title:Simulation on motion behavior of virtual flower in variable wind fields
Authors:Huai, Yongjian (1); Li, Fan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Huai, Y.(huaiyj@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:19
Issue date:October 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:130-136
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In virtual landscape, the realistic simulation of flower motion has an important effect on the plant interaction. Due to the complex topology structure of plant stem and petals, plant dynamic simulation is becoming a challenge topic in the recent virtual landscape research. In this paper, a method of flower dynamic simulation was presented based on inverse kinematics. The movement of flower can be regarded as a bending rod in mechanical space. A flower rod model is provided by labeling skeletal nodes in flower stems and analyzing the force. In order to make the result more reality, the elastic force in the skeletal nodes is taken into consideration to realize the smooth motion effect. Different types of wind can be set in the simulation system with different force and speed. At last, the algorithm validity and efficiency were tested by using different flower models.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Plants (botany)
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Inverse kinematics
Uncontrolled terms:Elastic skeleton - Flowers - Mass-spring models - Reality - Virtual
Classification code:461.9 B