<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20124415631041
Title:Effects of rotation of strip planting and fallow on soil water and crop yield in sloping farmland
Authors:Hou, Xianqing (1); Li, Rong (1); Jia, Zhikuan (1); Han, Qingfang (1); Wang, Wei (1); Li, Yongping (3)
Author affiliation:(1) The Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Guyuan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Guyuan 756100, China
Corresponding author:Han, Q.(hanqf88@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:86-94
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to seek the response of soil water dynamics and crop yields under the rotation of planting and fallow patterns, a four-year field study was conducted between 2007 and 2010 to determine the effects of the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow on soil water and crop yields in semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia, China. Results showed that compared with the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow (CK), the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow contributed to improving the capacity of soil water conservation to collect rainfall, and significantly increased the soil water storage (0-200 cm) through the four-year experiment. During the jointing and heading stage, the vertical change of soil water content in 0-200 cm layers under different treatment showed different trends, which was significant higher in the rotation of strip planting and fallow than that in the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns. Crop yields with the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow patterns were significantly different from the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns. Compared with the interval rotation of no strip planting and fallow patterns, the millet yields increased by 8.79%-15.25% in the interval rotation of strip planting and fallow patterns, and the winter wheat yields increased by 6.33%-14.69%. These results have important significances for soil amendment and crop production in the slopping land of arid areas.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Rotation
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Cultivation - Experiments - Farms - Moisture - Soil moisture - Soils - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Arid area - Crop production - Crop yield - Effects of rotation - Field studies - Semiarid area - Sloping farmland - Soil amendment - Soil water - Soil water content  - Soil water dynamics - Soil water storage - Soil-water conservation - Winter wheat
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 901.3 Engineering Research - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 443 Meteorology - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20124415631045
Title:Estimation of winter wheat leaf area index by fusing different spatial and temporal resolution remote sensing data
Authors:Wang, Laigang (1); Tian, Yongchao (1); Zhu, Yan (1); Yao, Xia (1); Zheng, Guoqing (2); Cao, Weixing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (2) Agricultural Economy and Information Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 410002, China
Corresponding author:Cao, W.(caow@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:117-124
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Leaf area index (LAI) with high spatial and temporal resolutions can reflect the dynamic change of crop growth, and be served as a key parameter for crop growth evaluation and yield prediction. By combining the techniques of linear pixel unmixing and data assimilation, the LAI based on SPOT-5 image with high spatial resolution was used to adjust the time-series LAI based on HJ-CCD image with high temporal resolution, and LAI series covering the whole winter wheat growth period and with high spatial and temporal resolutions were generated. The effects of pixel purity and the number of high spatial image on the performance of fusing method were analyzed by comparing the LAI with fusing method and LAI from SPOT-5 image or observed LAI. The results showed that the estimated LAI with fusing method has high consistency with observed LAI and the pixel purity is main obstacle factor. The fusion results based on two scenes of SPOT-5 images are better than that based on one image. These results can provide an important technical support for monitoring of growth in winter wheat.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Crops
Controlled terms:Data fusion - Pixels - Remote sensing - Time series analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Crop growth - Data assimilation - Dynamic changes - Growth period - High spatial resolution - High temporal resolution - HJ-CCD - Key parameters - Leaf Area Index - Pixel unmixing  - Remote sensing data - Spatial images - SPOT-5 - Technical support - Temporal resolution - Winter wheat - Yield prediction
Classification code:723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20124415631031
Title:Analysis on influence factors of main bearing lubrication characteristics for horizontal diesel engine
Authors:Lei, Jilin (1); Shen, Lizhong (1); Bi, Yuhua (1); Jia, Dewen (1); Xu, Yueqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Engines, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650224, China
Corresponding author:Lei, J.(leijilin@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:19-24
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the elastic fluid dynamic lubrication theory, a three-dimensional lubrication simulation model of the main bearing was built with AVL Excite Power Unit software for 2D25 type horizontal diesel engine, which had been designed and developed independently. According to the elastic deformation of bearing bush and bearing seat and the roughness of bearing bush and journal, the impacts of the bearing clearance, width, oil inlet position and the oil groove width on the main bearing lubrication characteristics were investigated. The results indicated that the bearing clearance and the bearing width were the main influence factors and made great effects on the main bearing lubrication among the four structural parameters, while the oil inlet position and the oil groove width were the secondary influence factors. With the rising of the bearing clearance, the average load, average moment, peak oil film pressure and average oil outflow quantity of bearing increased and the minimum oil film thickness and average friction power consumption were reduced. With the increase of the bearing width, the average load, average moment, peak oil film pressure and average oil outflow quantity of bearing decreased and the minimum oil film thickness and average friction power consumption increased. There is no significant regularity of the effects of the oil inlet position and the oil groove width on the main bearing lubrication characteristics.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Lubrication
Controlled terms:Bearings (structural) - Diesel engines - Film thickness - Fluid dynamics - Friction - Lubricating oils - Three dimensional - Three dimensional computer graphics
Uncontrolled terms:Bearing clearance - Bearing seats - Elastic fluids - Groove width - Hydrodynamic lubrication - Lubrication characteristics - Lubrication theory - Minimum oil film thickness - Orthogonal analysis - Peak Oil  - Power units - Secondary influences - Simulation model - Structural parameter
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 931.1 Mechanics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 607.2 Lubrication - 607.1 Lubricants - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20124415631046
Title:Key-frame retrieval method based on optical flow and entropy statistic for blooming video
Authors:Wang, Lu (1); Gao, Lin (1); Yan, Lei (1); Li, Xiaowan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Gao, L.(gaolin0215@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:125-130
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The original video of flower growth process contains large amount of data and plenty of redundance information. In order to obtain the video of flower growth process to facilitate the researchers, which is endowed with high compression ratio, small amount of data, rich growth details information and natural fluency, a key frame extraction method was introduced to process the original video. According to the characteristics of flower growing process, he motion detection algorithm was chosen to take tests on them. Through the simulation analysis of frame difference method, this paper proposed a new key frame extraction method based on optical flow and direction information entropy. Experiment showed that in the case of extracting the same number of key frames, this method can perform details of the flower movement better, which is superior to the frame difference method.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Optical flows
Controlled terms:Compression ratio (machinery) - Entropy - Image processing
Uncontrolled terms:Flowers - Frame differences - Growing process - Growth process - High compression ratio - Information entropy - Key frames - Key-frame extraction - Motion detection - Retrieval methods  - Simulation analysis
Classification code:618.1 Compressors - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 741.1 Light/Optics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20124415631043
Title:Spatial distribution of dried soil layers under different vegetation types at slope scale in loess region
Authors:Zhang, Chencheng (1); Shao, Ming'an (2); Wang, Yunqiang (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Shao, M.(mashao@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:102-108
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the characteristics of dried soil layer (DSL) under different vegetation types at slope, the spatial distribution patterns of DSL on a representative slope were studied. The results showed that the extent of DSLs ranged from 0 to 400 cm for orchard (13 years of Prunus armeniaca) and from 280 to 400 cm for shrubland (25 years of Caragana Korshinskii kom), respectively, while slope position significantly influenced distribution pattern of DSLs in the orchard. In vertical direction, the depletion of soil water was more severe in shrubland than that in orchard. Horizontally, distribution of orchard DSL demonstrated obvious fleck and sheet characteristics and decreased gradually along north-south direction of the slope. Spatial pattern of DSLs in the orchard was controlled by vegetation, rainfall, slope gradient and micro-terrain. In contrast, the distribution pattern of DSL in shrubland was homogeneous that deeper DSLs (381~400 cm) distributed widely and combined together, implying that this pattern was only dominated by vegetation type. The results are helpful for DSL control and/or reclaim in loess regions.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Vegetation
Controlled terms:Moisture - Orchards - Soil moisture - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Caragana Korshinskii - Distribution patterns - Shrublands - Slope gradients - Slope positions - Slope scale - Soil layer - Soil water - Spatial distribution patterns - Spatial patterns  - Vegetation type - Vertical direction
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20124415631064
Title:Variations in free amino acid fingerprints during quality formation of fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea
Authors:Chen, Lin (1); Chen, Jian (1); Zhang, Yinggen (1); Wu, Lingsheng (1); Wang, Zhenkang (1); Yang, Wei (2); You, Zhiming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fu'an 355015, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Corresponding author:You, Z.(youzm@faas.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:244-252
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigate the metabolic alteration of free amino acids (FAA) in growing tea shoots and the production process impact on the chemical fingerprint patterns of FAA, spring shoots from the buds of Tieguanyin, Huangdan, Jinguanyin and Huangguanyin (Camellia sinensis) were harvested and processed into fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea. After pre-column derivation with 1-[(quinolin-6-ylcarbamoyl)oxy]pyrrolidine-2, 5-dione (AQC), FAA in samples of tea shoots and from the whole processing stages were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography. When the peak areas of the defined 18 FAAs were standardized or preferably transformed into natural logarithm, consistent visualized pattern recognitions would be obtained by either cosine similarity analysis, or nearest-neighbor cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance or principal component analysis. The samples could be divided into two groups according to the analysis. One was made up of Tieguanyin and Huangdan, and the other was Jinguanyin and Huangguanyin. Spring shoots could be distinguished well from the WIP (work in process) of fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea through their chemical patterns. The contents of 8 FAAs including theanine, glycine, glutamate and others altered obviously during shoot growth and remained rather low in banjhi buds with two to four leaves. Contents of the main FAAs did not change greatly during the process of fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea, and slightly higher content could be obtained in samples of semi-made tea than fresh leaves. These facts indicate that the contents and composition of FAAs changed more significantly during shoot growth than those in the process of fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea, and the results can provide effective references for raw material selection of fresh scent-flavor Oolong tea and its in-process quality control.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Amino acids
Controlled terms:Cluster analysis - High performance liquid chromatography - Pattern recognition - Principal component analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Camellia sinensis - Chemical fingerprint - Chemical pattern - Cosine similarity - Euclidean distance - Fingerprint - Free amino acids - Fresh leaves - In-process - Natural logarithms  - Nearest-neighbors - Oolong tea - Peak area - Processing stage - Production process - Raw material selection - Shoot growth - Theanine - Work in process
Classification code:461 Bioengineering and Biology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 801 Chemistry - 922 Statistical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20124415631032
Title:Faults diagnosis of engine cylinder broken down based on virtual instrument
Authors:Zhao, Xiaoshun (1); Liu, Shuxia (1); Ma, Yuejin (1); Cui, Xihe (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (2) Department of Industry Center, Chengde Petroleum College, Chengde 067000, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, X.(zhao_xsh@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:25-31
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to achieve the purpose of diagnosing the engine fault without disassembly, and thus improve the diagnostic efficiency, this article realized engine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis by collecting vibration signal of an engine cylinder head. With the help of acceleration sensor BZ1185, data acquisition card PCI8210 and computer hardware and so on, the acquisition system of the engine vibration signal was constructed. Based on LabVIEW software platform, virtual instrument analysis software was developed. The vibration signals were used for time-domain analysis, correlation-domain analysis (autocorrelation analysis, cross-correlation analysis), frequency-domain analysis (Fourier transformation, auto-power spectrum analysis, cross-power spectrum analysis, cepstrum analysis) JTFA-Joint Time-frequency Analysis (DSTFT-discrete short-time Fourier transformation, wavelet analysis). Therefore the offline fault diagnosis was realized. Taking the 4G65 engine as the research object, the fault of engine cylinder broken down was studied at different speeds by means of power spectrum and wavelet analysis. The results show that it is feasible to apply the real-time state monitoring and fault diagnosis by the system for the 4G65 engine. The research can also provide a reference for the development and application of other engine fault diagnosis.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Engines
Controlled terms:Automobile engines - Collector efficiency - Computer programming languages - Digital instruments - Engine cylinders - Failure analysis - Fourier transforms - Frequency domain analysis - Power spectrum - Spectrum analysis  - Time domain analysis - Wavelet analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Acceleration sensors - Acquisition systems - Analysis softwares - Auto-power spectrum - Autocorrelation analysis - Broken down - Cepstrum analysis - Cross-correlation analysis - Data acquisition cards - Diagnostic efficiency  - Different speed - Engine condition monitoring - Engine vibration - Faults diagnosis - Fourier - LabViEW - LabVIEW software - Offline - Research object - State monitoring  - Time frequency analysis - Vibration - Vibration signal - Virtual instrument
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 921 Mathematics - 723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 702.3 Solar Cells - 661.1 Automotive Engines - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components - 612 Engines - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20124415631067
Title:Microfiltration of ceramic membrane for improving UHT milk quality
Authors:Kong, Fanpi (1); Liu, Lu (1); Zhang, Shuwen (1); L&#252;, Jiaping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering Research Center of Agro-Food Processing, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:L&#252;, J.(lvjp586@vip.sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:268-274
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the quality of UHT milk, high somatic cell count (SCC) and low SCC raw milk were degermed by microfiltration (MF) with 1.4 &mu;m ceramic membrane. Four groups of milk were obtained: low SCC milk, MF low SCC milk, high SCC milk and MF high SCC milk. Then the four groups of milk were sterilized with ultra high temperature (UHT) to prepare four groups of UHT milk, which were stored in 37&deg;C and the quality was evaluated between the microfiltration and non-microfiltration groups. The results showed that in the high SCC and low SCC raw milk, residual bovine plasmin activity was 4.1% and 3.28% left respectively after UHT, while it was almost eliminated during the procedure of "MF UHT". Both the quality indexes of the "MF UHT" milk, including non-casein protein (NCN), pH value, acidity and fat globule particle size, changed littler than UHT milk without MF and the quality kept better. Relative to the low SCC groups, the quality improved much more in the high SCC groups through microfiltration. The results can provide a reference for the use of high somatic cell milk to produce high quality UHT milk.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Microfiltration
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Cells - Ceramic membranes - Sterilization (cleaning)
Uncontrolled terms:Fat globules - Four-group - High quality - pH value - Quality indices - Raw milk - Shelf life - Somatic cell count - Somatic cells - UHT milk  - Ultrahigh temperature
Classification code:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9 Biology - 802.3 Chemical Operations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20124415631049
Title:Potato grading method of mass and shapes based on machine vision
Authors:Kong, Yanlong (1); Gao, Xiaoyang (1); Li, Hongling (1); Zhang, Mingyan (1); Yang, Zhanfeng (1); Mao, Hongyu (1); Yang, Qian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
Corresponding author:Gao, X.(gaoxiao1081@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:143-148
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the machine vision technique of potato grading process, mass and shape are two important characteristics. In order to achieve potato grading with these two factors, a grading method of mass and shapes based on image characteristic parameters was put forward in this paper. After extracting parameters of top view area and side view perimeter, a potato mass grading model was constructed with stepwise regression analysis, and then four rounds of mass classification were completed with machine vision. To implement potato shape classification, six invariant moment parameters of vertical view were input the trained neural network. The potato grading experimental results showed that the precision ratio of potato mass grading was 95.3%, and the accuracy of potato shape grading was 96%. Therefore the potato grading results indicate that this kind of classification method can detect different mass of potatoes and distinguish 3 classes of potato shapes effectively, which meet the practical application requirement.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Grading
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Computer vision - Neural networks
Uncontrolled terms:Application requirements - Characteristic parameter - Classification methods - Different mass - Extracting parameter - Grading model - Grading process - Image characteristics - Invariant moment - Potato  - Shape classification - Side view - Stepwise regression analysis - Trained neural networks - Vision technique
Classification code:723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20124415631062
Title:Evaluation factors for cultivated land grade identification based on multi-spectral remote sensing
Authors:Yang, Jianfeng (1); Ma, Juncheng (1); Wang, Lingchao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Geographical, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.(66351945@qq.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:230-236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To determine the feasibility of using remote sensing technique to identify cultivated land quality, multi-spectral remote sensing image was taken as data source and remote sensing technique was used to extract factors, evaluate cultivated land quality in this paper. Soil organic matter, terrain slope and surface texture were effectively obtained from remote sensing images through constructing inversion model and on-the-spot investigation; In theory, irrigation and drainage factors could identify through remote sensing images, but it was more difficult to obtain them, so they could be got by methods of Thematic map and Image interpretation; the factors obtained by identification of remote sensing, such as Profile configuration, obstacles and soil pH, had lower accuracy. Natural index was taken as evaluation results of RS identification and Agricultural Land Classification results existed was used to verify it, the result showed that they had a high degree of consistency within an error range between plus seven to minus seven. So it had certainly feasibility to identify cultivated land quality assessment by using multi-spectral remote sensing. The study could provide some references for identification of cultivated land grade evaluation factors, cultivated land quality evaluation and dynamic monitoring.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Geologic models - Identification (control systems) - Image reconstruction - Land use - Maps - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural land - Classification results - Cultivated lands - Data source - Dynamic monitoring - Error range - Evaluation - Evaluation factor - Evaluation results - Image interpretation  - Inversion models - Multi-spectral - Remote sensing images - Remote sensing techniques - Soil organic matters - Soil pH - Surface textures - Terrain slope - Thematic maps
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 481.1 Geology - 731.1 Control Systems - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20124415631070
Title:Comparison of shucking techniques for white shrimp and its effect on quality of peeled shrimp
Authors:Yi, Junjie (1); Ding, Guowei (1); Hu, Xiaosong (1); Dong, Peng (1); Li, Yao (1); Liao, Xiaojun (1); Zhang, Yan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China; (4) Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.(zhangyan348@yahoo.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:287-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to determine the optimum shucking technology for white shrimp, different shucking methods including blanching treatment, quick frozen treatment and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) were used to investigated the shucking effects, physical quality and energy consumption The results showed that quick frozen and HHP shucking both had better shucking effects on shucking time, yield and integrity of peeled shrimps, and there were no significant difference between them (P&gt;0.05). But the chromatic aberration &Delta;E value of peeled shrimp with quick frozen treatment was higher to 6.4, which had a significant influence on the color and luster of the peeled shrimp (P&lt;0.05). Due to the lower energy consumption of HHP, which was only 32.8% of quick frozen treatment, it further shows that HHP is a potential technology for shucking white shrimp. In short, the optimum shucking condition of HHP is 200 MPa with 3 min or 300 MPa with 1 min, with former can keep higher integrity and better color, with the latter can obtain higher shucking efficiency and better texture. The research can provide a reference for HHP application in shucking of white shrimp.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Shellfish
Controlled terms:Aberrations - Agricultural products - Energy utilization - Hydrostatic pressure - Optimization - Quality control
Uncontrolled terms:Chromatic aberration - High hydrostatic pressure - Physical quality - Potential technologies - Shucking - White shrimp
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20124415631030
Title:Optimum control on fuel injection and air supply for burner-type diesel particulate filter regeneration
Authors:Fu, Jun (1); Gong, Jinke (2); Zuo, Qingsong (2); Yuan, Wenhua (1); Tang, Weixin (1); Tang, Ning (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422004, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Corresponding author:Fu, J.(huabeifujun@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:11-18
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to realize the optimum control of a burner-type diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration, based on the original optimum control model of fuel injection, with the boundary conditions of terminate temperature strengthened by the critical temperature model of inlet channel regeneration, the optimal temperature rising velocity curve of fume gas and the objective functions of optimum control about the fuel injection and air supply were obtained in consideration of the air supply. From the results of online optimization control, the optimal values of fuel injection quantity decreased first and then increased with regeneration time. The trend of corresponding air supply was consistent with that of the optimal fuel injection quantity, but affected by oxygen content in exhaust, the corresponding air supply quantity increased differently over the lowest point. The test results showed: the fuel consumption could be reduced by 34.6% to 40.2% by the optimal control. It provides references on improving the operation level and economic effectiveness in the regeneration process of burner-type diesel particulate filters.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Fuel injection
Controlled terms:Air filters - Diesel engines - Fuel filters - Fuels - Injection (oil wells) - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:Air supply - Critical temperatures - Diesel particulate filters - Economic effectiveness - Injection quantity - Inlet channels - Objective functions - Online optimization - Operation levels - Optimal controls  - Optimal temperature - Optimal values - Optimum control - Oxygen content - Regeneration - Regeneration process - Regeneration time
Classification code:802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 524 Solid Fuels - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 523 Liquid Fuels - 521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations - 522 Gas Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20124415631055
Title:Combustion characteristics and dynamic analysis of three biomass components
Authors:Lu, Hongbo (1); Dai, Huiyu (1); Ma, Yuxin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin 132012, China
Corresponding author:Lu, H.(luhongbo129@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:186-191
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate the combustion characteristics and kinetics of cellulose, xylan and lignin. The influences of different heating rates (20, 40, 60, 80&deg;C/min) on their combustion behavior were analyzed. The combustion characteristic parameters and the kinetic parameters were determined. The results show that: The weight loss of cellulose and lignin combustion is concentrated in the burning process of the volatile matter and coke respectively, but that of xylan combustion is large in these two processes. It is observed that the optimum reaction order of cellulose and lignin is one in the low temperature region and two in the high temperature region, while that of xylan is one in two temperature regions.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Combustion
Controlled terms:Biomass - Cellulose - Enzyme kinetics - Kinetics - Lignin - Thermogravimetric analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Biomass components - Burning process - Combustion behavior - Combustion characteristics - High temperature - Low temperature regions - Optimum reaction - Temperature regions - Volatile matters - Weight loss
Classification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20124415631058
Title:Comparison of Kjeldahl and Dumas combustion methods for determination of nitrogen content in animal manures
Authors:Shen, Xiuli (1); Yang, Zengling (1); Xue, Junjie (1); Yang, Yang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Z.(yangzengling@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:205-209
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to compare the determination features nitrogen content in animal manures by Dumas combustion method and Kjeldahl methods, five kinds of manures and one reference compound were analyzed for nitrogen concentrations using Kjeldahl and Dumas combustion procedures respectively. Statistical analysis was performed on Kjeldahl nitrogen and Dumas nitrogen values. The results showed that the Kjeldahl nitrogen content of animal manures ranged from 0.51% to 3.19% and the Dumas combustion nitrogen content ranged from 0.51% to 3.35%, there was no significant difference in the nitrogen mean values measured by the two methods, and the coefficient of variation of two methods were all below 5%. The nitrogen determined results from the all-samples population rendered a simple linear correlation (R²=0.987, p&lt;0.05) between the two methods. All the Kjeldahl values as a function of Dumas values was close to 1:1 line. It was concluded that the Dumas combustion procedure is capable of replacing the Kjeldahl procedure for nitrogen analysis of animal manures in laboratory.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Manures
Controlled terms:Animals - Combustion - Experiments - Fertilizers - Nitrogen
Uncontrolled terms:Animal manure - Coefficient of variation - Combustion method - Kjeldahl - Linear correlation - Mean values - Nitrogen analysis - Nitrogen concentrations - Nitrogen content - Reference compounds
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 822 Food Technology - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 814 Leather and Tanning - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 521.1 Fuel Combustion - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20124415631039
Title:Structure of wind-sand flow and law of dune movement along bank of Yellow River in Ulan Buh desert
Authors:He, Jingli (1); Guo, Jianying (1); Xing, Ende (1); Cui, Wei (1); Li, Jinrong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, Huhhot 010010, China
Corresponding author:He, J.(mkshjl@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:71-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the sand dune movement activities and characteristics in Ulan Buh desert along the Yellow River, taking the mobile dunes along the bank as study material and based on lots of work in the field observation and lab analysis, a primary quantity research was made to study the wind speed of sand raising, constituents of sand, structure of wind-sand flow and moving characteristics of dune movement. The results showed that the study area from the main sand wind WS-W, concentrated in March to May, and 5-6 m/s wind accounted for 50.26% of the wind-sand; Sand material particle size are mainly fine (0.1-0.25 mm); Along the Yellow River segment, the composition of sand dune particle below very fine size (&le0.1 mm) is 8.92% less than that of the desert hinterland. About 81.75% sand material of the study area pass through 0-10 cm air layer. There is a good power function relationship between the relative sediment discharge and elevation in different parts of the dunes; The dunes move forward a distance of 8.19 m/a, mainly occurred in March to May. The findings in the study can provide a scientific basis for calculating the amount of sediment in the Yellow River and improvement of comprehensive protection system along the Yellow River.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Sand
Controlled terms:Landforms - Rivers - Sedimentology
Uncontrolled terms:Aeolian sand - Air layers - Field observations - Lab analysis - Laws of dune movement - Material particles - Power functions - Protection systems - Sand dunes - Sediment discharge  - Study areas - Study materials - Wind speed - Yellow river
Classification code:407.2 Waterways - 481.1 Geology - 505 Mines and Mining, Nonmetallic
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20124415631042
Title:Management zoning for winter wheat nitrogen regulation at county level based on multisource data
Authors:Wang, Beizhan (1); Wang, Laigang (2); Wen, Nuan (3); Ren, Ruiping (4); Zheng, Tao (5); Yang, Wude (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (2) Agricultural Economy and Information Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (3) College of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (4) Henan Science and Technology Cadre School, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (5) Agriculture bureau of Anyang County, Anyang 455000, China
Corresponding author:Yang, W.(sxauywd@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:95-101
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve winter wheat nitrogen regulation and precision farming at county level, this study selected Anyang county as the study region. Major impacting factors, including terrain, soil type, soil nutrient and spectral data were analyzed and appropriate indices were chosen for the management zone. The zone was executed by cluster analysis and spatial overlay using qualitative and quantitative analyses based on 3S. The results revealed that coefficient variation of soil property and yield were reduced in each level zone. The management zones were the divided 21 subzones under third-level, there were significantly statistical differences between the chemical properties of soil samples in the sub zones. The average coefficients of variation of organic matter; nitrogen and yield reduced 70%, 53% and 66% respectively. The results on zoning can be used as decision-making unit in winter wheat nitrogen regulation and can provide an effective pathway in precision agricultural management.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Chemical properties - Cluster analysis - Crops - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms:County level - Data - Management zones - Regulation - Winter wheat
Classification code:922 Statistical Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 801 Chemistry - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20124415631037
Title:Experimental study on pneumatic seed-metering system of 2BFQ-6 precision planter for rapeseed
Authors:Yang, Song (1); Liao, Yitao (1); Liao, Qingxi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Liao, Q.(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:57-62
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:On the basis of the testing system of pneumatic seed-metering device for rapeseed, this paper was conducted to investigate the effect of three factors which are rotational speed of planter plate, rotational speed of fan, and outlet size of positive pressure on the seeding performance of pneumatic metering system of 2BFQ-6 precision seeder for rapeseed. Full factorial experiment which includes 320-times factors combination was used in the course of the study. The data obtained from the experiments were processed by means of multivariate nonlinear regression. The results showed that the factors could be ranged in the order of rotational speed of fan &gt; rotational speed of planter plate &gt; outlet size of positive pressure, the factors which mostly influence the seed rate of the system and its uniformity respectively were rotational speed of fan and its interaction with rotational speed of planter plate. With the increase of fan speed and the decrease of rotational speed of planter plate at a certain range, the performance of system was stable. When outlet size of positive pressure was 20 mm and 30 mm, the seeding uniformity of system was the best. The equations of seed rate and its uniformity were worked out, and all of the factors combination which makes up 90% seed rate for the pneumatic seed-metering system was drawn in this article. The conclusion is valuable for choosing the optimal parameters matching and estimating the performance of the planter.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Speed
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Experiments - Oilseeds - Pneumatics - Regression analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Experimental studies - Fan speed - Full factorial experiment - Metering systems - Multivariate non-linear regression - Optimal parameter - Outlet size - Performance of systems - Positive pressure - Rapeseed  - Rotational speed - Seed rate - Seed-metering device - Testing systems
Classification code:632.3 Pneumatics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20124415631056
Title:Effect of saline aquaculture wastewater treatment by constructed mangrove wetland
Authors:Gao, Feng (1); Yang, Zhaohui (2); Li, Chen (1); Jin, Weihong (1); Zhang, Li (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Corresponding author:Gao, F.(gf_hd@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:192-198
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the feasibility and operating characteristics of the treatment of saline aquaculture wastewater by constructed wetland, mangrove plants Kandelia candel were used to construct salt-tolerant wetland to treat saline aquaculture wastewater. Three unplanted units were also set as a control. The planted units showed better capability of COD and NH<inf>4</inf>-N removal than unplanted units obviously. Treatment performances of the planted units were found to be 66.4%-73.8% for COD and 64.3%-72.4% for NH<inf>4</inf>-N. For the unplanted units, the reduction in COD and NH<inf>4</inf>-N was in the range of 56.7%-62.4%, 51.2%-57.5%, respectively. However, for the removal of TP, there was no significant different between the planted units and unplanted units. The TP removal efficiency varied between 55.7%-61.7% for the planted units and between 54.3%-60.4% for the unplanted units. The enzyme activity of urease and phosphatase in the substrate of planted units was obviously higher than that of unplanted units. And the region with the highest enzyme activity was in 0-5 cm surface area in the substrate, where roots system distributed most broadly. So the roots of mangrove could be considered to have a significant role for the biological activity and contaminants removal of the constructed wetland. The effect of HLR on the treatment performance of the constructed mangrove wetland was studied, and the result indicated that the removal of organic matter and nitrogen of the wetland was obviously influenced by the HLR of the system. The effluents discharge from the constructed mangrove wetland could meet the water quality standards of the National Fisheries when the HLR of the wetland below 0.1 m³/(m²&middotd). The findings of this article can provide a way for the biological treatment of saline aquaculture wastewater.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Wetlands
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Bioactivity - Bioremediation - Effluents - Nitrogen removal - Purification - Seawater - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Aquaculture wastewater - Biological treatment - Constructed wetlands - Hydraulic loading rates - Kandelia candel - Mangrove - N removal - Operating characteristics - Salt tolerant - Surface area  - TP removal - Treatment performance - Water quality standard
Classification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 471.5 Sea as Source of Minerals and Food - 471.4 Seawater, Tides and Waves - 461.8 Biotechnology - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 442.2 Land Reclamation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20124415631050
Title:Knowledge expression and disease diagnostic reasoning model for greenhouse fruit and vegetable crops
Authors:Sun, Min (1); Luo, Weihong (1); Xiang, Lin (2); Feng, Wanli (2); L&#252;, Huiming (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (2) Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
Corresponding author:Luo, W.(lwh@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:149-156
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Knowledge expression and disease diagnostic reasoning are essential for the development of decision support systems for diagnosis and management of plant diseases. In this study, plant disease diagnosis knowledge was collected and summarized. Numerical expression of the disease diagnosis knowledge was achieved by using the principle of fuzzy mathematics and the multiple proportion method of evaluation. The numerical expression of the disease diagnosis knowledge was then combined with the "object - attribute - value triples act" (referred as OAV act) and the production rules to achieve effective expression of the disease diagnosis knowledge, and based on which,, two inference models for one-step diagnosis and two-step detailed diagnosis were developed by using fuzzy reasoning method to simulate the diagnostic reasoning of experts. The best-first search method and C # computer language were used for developing and programming the inference models. The knowledge expression and disease diagnostic reasoning models developed in this study can be used for the development of decision support system for disease diagnosis and management of greenhouse fruit and vegetable crops.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Diagnosis
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Artificial intelligence - C (programming language) - Computer programming - Decision support systems - Diseases - Fruits - Greenhouses - Models - Numerical methods
Uncontrolled terms:Best first search - C#- computer language - Diagnostic reasoning - Disease diagnosis - Disease diagnostics - Fruit and vegetables - Fuzzy mathematics - Fuzzy reasoning - Inference models - Knowledge expression  - Numerical expression of knowledge - Plant disease - Production rules
Classification code:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20124415631033
Title:Property of unsteady pressure and meridional velocity in wake region of axial-flow pump impeller
Authors:Zhang, Desheng (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Li, Tongtong (1); Zhang, Hua (1); Guan, Xingfan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.(zds@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:32-37
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the rotor-stator interaction in the wake region of the axial-flow impeller, the axial-flow pump model for South-to-North Water Diversion Project model was simulated based RNG k-&Epsilon; turbulence model and the SIMPLE algorithm. The calculated values by steady simulation were compared with the experimental results to verify the computational grid and the applicability of turbulence model, and the unsteady field was simulated based on the steady results. The numerical results show that the relative error of Head is 4.56% and efficiency is 2.78% in optimal condition compared with the experimental data. In small flow rata condition, three peaks and three second peaks occur on the meridional velocity at axial flow impeller outlet in the circumferential direction. As the flow rate increases, the number of the velocity peak at impeller outlet is same to the guide-vane blade number. In the small flow rate and design conditions, the single-cycle time-domain of the pressure fluctuation in the impeller wake region appears three peaks and the additional three secondary peaks when flow rate increases. The main frequency of pressure fluctuation in different flow conditions is mainly blade frequency, and the other harmonic frequencies are the times of the fundamental blade frequency. The amplitude of pressure fluctuation frequency increases rapidly as the flow rate decreases.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Velocity
Controlled terms:Axial flow - Computer simulation - Flow measurement - Flow rate - Impellers - Pumps - Turbulence models - Unsteady flow - Wakes
Uncontrolled terms:Axial flow impellers - Axial flow pump - Blade frequency - Blade numbers - Calculated values - Circumferential direction - Computational grids - Design condition - Flow condition - Guide-vane  - Harmonic frequency - Impeller outlet - Main frequency - Numerical results - Optimal conditions - Pressure fluctuation - Rate increase - Relative errors - Rotor-stator interactions - Secondary peak  - SIMPLE algorithm - Single cycle - Small flow-rate - South-to-North water diversion project - Steady simulation - Time domain - Unsteady fields - Unsteady pressures - Wake region
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 618.2 Pumps - 631 Fluid Flow - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 723.5 Computer Applications - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20124415631052
Title:Detection of rice seedlings rows' centerlines based on color model and nearest neighbor clustering algorithm
Authors:Zhang, Qin (1); Huang, Xiaogang (1); Li, Bin (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineer, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (2) School of Automation Science and Engineer, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Corresponding author:Li, B.(binlee@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:163-171
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Centerline detection of rice seedling rows in paddy fields plays an important role in autonomous navigation of weeding robots. Since the paddy field environment varies from the different growth stages of rice seedling and the color of rice seedling is similar to cyanophytes and duckweed contained in the paddy field image in South China, the segmentation of rice seedlings and centerlines detection become very challenging. This paper presents a method to detect rice seedlings rows' centerlines based on color model and nearest neighbor clustering algorithm. The features of rice seedlings are firstly extracted based on 2G-R-B color model and S component in HSI space. The feature points of rice seedlings are then extracted without changing their shapes, and clustered based on nearest neighbor clustering algorithm according to their adjacent relationship. Finally, the centerlines can be correctly detected by applying a known point Hough transform in each cluster. The experimental results show that the feature of rice seedlings can be precisely extracted under a background with cyanophytes and duckweed, and the average processing time of a 1280&times;960 resolution color image is less than 350 ms. In addition, the algorithms are adapt to the environmental variation and meet the real-time requirement for agricultural robots.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Clustering algorithms
Controlled terms:Color - Feature extraction - Hough transforms - Image segmentation - Models - Navigation
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural robot - Autonomous navigation - Centerlines - Color images - Color models - Cyanophytes - Environmental variations - Growth stages - HSI space - Nearest neighbor algorithm  - Nearest neighbor-clustering algorithm - Paddy fields - Point hough transform - Processing time - Real time requirement - Rice seedlings - South China
Classification code:716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 741.1 Light/Optics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20124415631048
Title:Mature apple recognition based on hybrid color space in natural scene
Authors:Qian, Jianping (1); Yang, Xinting (2); Wu, Xiaoming (2); Chen, Meixiang (2); Wu, Baoguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Information, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Yang, X.(yangxt@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:137-142
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Image recognition with fruit color character in natural scene plays an important role for efficient and real-time recognition. Eighty images were recognized with an R/B segment threshold of 1.375. The rates of detection, successful recognition, false recognition and missing recognition were 98.3%, 86.1%, 12.4% and 13.9% respectively. Furthermore, the above rates were 90.3%, 84.9%, 6.0% and 15.1% with an additional V segment threshold of 0.45. The comparison results showed that although the rate of successful recognition decreases slightly, the rate of false recognition fell remarkably. A series of test were executed under direct sunlight with strong, medium and weak illumination, and backlighting with strong, medium and weak illumination. The results showed that the rate of detection and successful recognition were the highest of 91.7% and 87.7%, and the rate of miss recognition was the lowest of 12.3% under direct sunlight and medium illumination. The rates of successful recognition in various conditions were different, but not significant.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Color
Controlled terms:Fruits - Image recognition - Image segmentation
Uncontrolled terms:Apple - Color space - Comparison result - Fruit color - HSV - Natural scenes - Real time recognition - RGB
Classification code:741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20124415631057
Title:Acidification of four kinds of lignocelluloses materials in cow dung liquid
Authors:Gao, Ruifang (1); Yuan, Xufeng (1); Li, Jiajia (1); Li, Jie (1); Ren, Jiwei (1); Wang, Xiaofen (1); Cui, Zongjun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/Center of Biomass Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Cui, Z.(acuizj@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:199-204
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this study, the law of acidification of dry rice straw, turf grass, dry corn straw and fresh corn straw in cow dung liquid was investigated. The property change of digestive solution during digestion process was evaluated, the rate of weight loss and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) change were used to analyze the efficiency of raw materials degradation and acidified product respectively. The results indicated that the degradation effects of four kinds of lignocelluloses materials in cow dung liquid were obvious, while the processes were different. The total weight loss of turf grass was the fastest and most with 73.25%; The weight loss of dry rice straw was 50%, close to that of turf grass with total loss of 72.01% on the 10th day; The weight loss of fresh corn straw was also close to that of turf grass and dry rice straw, which reached up to 68.36% on the 18th day and 71.64% by the end; The dry corn straw had the smallest weight loss of 57.6%. The decomposition rate of lignocelluloses of four kinds of materials were in order of rice &gt; turf grass &gt; fresh con straw &gt; dry corn straw, and the hemicelluloses decomposition rates were best of all, cellulose and lignin were followed. The volatile fat acids produced by fresh or dry corn straw were more than that of rice straw and turf grass, the maximum total VFA of rice straw, turf grass, fresh corn straw and dry corn straw were in order of 3.91, 0.54, 7.16 and 10.99 g/L. The accumulation of acidification product was achieved from dry rice straw and turf grass, which was favorable, but the dry or fresh corn straw were unfavorable.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Liquids
Controlled terms:Acidification - Cellulose - Chemical oxygen demand - Fermentation - Lignin - Volatile fatty acids
Uncontrolled terms:COD - Corn straws - Cow dung - Decomposition rate - Degradation effect - Digestion process - Materials degradation - Property changes - Rice straws - Soluble chemical oxygen demands  - Total loss - Turf-grasses - Weight loss
Classification code:453 Water Pollution - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20124415631040
Title:Evaluation of soil conservation function and its values in major eco-function areas of Loess Plateau in eastern Gansu province
Authors:Han, Yongwei (1); Gao, Jixi (1); Wang, Baoliang (1); Liu, Chengcheng (1); Wang, Jun (1); Tuo, Xuesen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (2) State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Beijing 100012, China
Corresponding author:Wang, B.(wbl_1983@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:78-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Under the support of RS and GIS technology, with integrated application of the revised universal equation on soil loss, market value approach, opportunity method and alternative engineering strategy, the soil conservation function of the ecosystem of major hilly-gully eco-function areas in Losses Plateau of eastern Gansu province and its economic value were assessed in this study. The results show that from the year 1986 to 2006, the amount of soil erosion major hilly-gully eco-function areas in Losses Plateau of eastern Gansu province has gradually increased, while the amount of soil conservation and the total value of its function have obviously decreased. The amount of soil conservation were 38956 &times; 10⁴, 37834 &times; 10⁴, 34359 &times; 10⁴ t in the year 1986, 1996 and 2006 respectively, with total economic value of soil conservation as 230.26 &times; 10⁸, 223.63 &times; 10⁸, 203.09 &times; 10⁸ Yuan. Among the total value of soil conservation, the soil conserves potassium got the highest economic value, accounting for 96.41% of the total, while the soil conserving organic matter had the lowest economic value, only accounting for 1.52%. There was a significant spatial difference on soil conservation function in this area. In the east, most regions' soil-conservation function is more than 15000 t/(km²&middota), while in the north and southwest, the predominant parameter was under 1000 t/(km²&middota). The results can be used for the area ecosystem conservation and management.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Soil conservation
Controlled terms:Conservation - Ecosystems - Erosion - Function evaluation - Landforms - Potassium - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Economic values - Gansu province - Integrated applications - Loess Plateau - Market values - RS and GIS - Significant eco-function area - Soil erosion - Soil loss - Spatial differences  - Total values - Universal equation - Value evaluation
Classification code:549.1 Alkali Metals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 481.1 Geology - 454 Environmental Engineering - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20124415631047
Title:Digital camera-based image segmentation of rice canopy and diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition
Authors:Wang, Yuan (1); Wang, Dejian (1); Zhang, Gang (1); Wang, Can (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Wang, D.(djwang@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:131-136
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Segmenting canopy region effectively from the image captured by a digital camera is necessary for diagnosis of crop nutrition. An image segmentation thresholding method was proposed based on the difference of green and red channel (GMR) according to the difference of reflectance spectrum between vegetation and soil in visible band. The range of optimum threshold was from 10 to 20 during the rice growing stage, and the best threshold for shooting and booting stage was 10 and 20, respectively. The feature parameters of the segmentation of canopy images using this method are in good agreement with the SPAD readings, leaf nitrogen content, etc, in which the correlation coefficient between normalized redness intensity (NRI) and the two reached -0.87, -0.65, respectively. It demonstrates that this method is not only simple and accurate, but also applicable universally to other green crops.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Image segmentation
Controlled terms:Computer vision - Crops - Digital cameras - Nutrition - Video cameras
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation coefficient - Feature parameters - Leaf nitrogen content - Nitrogen nutrition - Nutrition diagnosis - Optimum threshold - Red channels - Reflectance spectrum - Rice - Rice canopy  - SPAD readings - Thresholding methods - Visible band
Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics - 742.2 Photographic Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20124415631065
Title:Design and implementation of encryption algorithm for agricultural products traceability code based on embedded platform
Authors:Li, Wenyong (1); Sun, Chuanheng (1); Liu, Xuexin (1); Zhou, Chao (1); Du, Xiaowei (1); Yang, Xingting (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Information Technology in Agriculture, The Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Yang, X.(yangxt@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:253-259
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is an important means for fast and efficient generation of agricultural products traceability code by using the portable terminal device, which can ensure the reliability of traceability code, enhance the integrity of attribute information and improve the business efficiency. An encryption algorithm of agricultural products traceability code was designed and implemented on embedded platform based on the trace coding method with geographical coordinates and improved AES algorithm. Then, the storage space and speed of the encryption algorithm was calculated and evaluated based on LPC1766 microprocessor and Keil uVision3 software development environment, which can also give a reference to transplant this algorithm into the other embedded platforms. It ensured reliable and security traceability using terminal device owing to the feature of uniqueness and dynamic key of traceability code ciphertext. At last, an example of the application solution about the encryption algorithm on a label printing device for agricultural products tracing was introduced.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Cryptography
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Algorithms - Embedded systems - Space platforms
Uncontrolled terms:AES algorithms - Attribute information - Business efficiency - Ciphertexts - Coding methods - Embedded platforms - Encryption algorithms - Geographical coordinates - Label printing - Portable terminal  - Software development environment - Storage spaces - Terminal devices - Traceability codes
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 655.1 Spacecraft, General - 717 Optical Communication
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20124415631061
Title:Change of soil organic carbon reserve in northern Manasi county in last 30 years
Authors:Wang, Xiangping (1); Yang, Jinsong (1); Jin, Wenhui (1); Liu, Guangming (1); Liu, Meixian (1); Yao, Rongjiang (1); Yu, Shipeng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.(jsyang@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:223-229
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The temporal and spatial variations of the soil organic carbon (SOC) were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for the soil fertility management in the northern Manasi county. With the geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) methods, the temporal and spatial variations of SOC content in the northern Manasi county in last 30 years were investigated. The results indicated that SOC density and reserve presented a rising tendency, which increased 1.81 kg/m² and 7.7 &times;10⁶ kg compared with that of the Second General Survey of Soil in 1980s, respectively. The average values of SOC in 2011 year were 5.74, 4.44 and 2.17 g/kg, respectively, for 0-20, &gt;20-60 and &gt;60-100 cm soil layers. Results show that SOC at the 0-20 and &gt;20-60 cm soil layers were normally distributed after excluding the outliers. By experimental semivariograms analysis, SOC were best fitted to exponential and spherical models at 0-20 and &gt;20-60 cm soil layers, respectively. SOC had a moderate spatial variability at 0-20 and &gt;20-60 cm soil layers. The maps of SOC were interpolated using the method of ordinary Kriging. Due to the joint influence of the structural factors such as soil parent material, topography and random factors such as fertilization, crop system etc, the SOC contents at 0-20 and &gt;20-60 cm soil layers had the spatial distributions with a high content in the south and northeast regions and a low content in the central region. The SOC content at 60-100 cm soil layer had a spatial distribution with a high content in the south region and a low content in the north region. The results of temporal and spatial variations of the SOC were of great significance for the soil fertilizer management of the North part of Manasi county.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Fertilizers - Geographic information systems - Normal distribution - Organic carbon - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:AS-soils - Average values - Fertilizer management - Geo-statistics - High-content - Joint influence - Manasi county - Northeast regions - Ordinary kriging - Parent materials  - Random factors - Reserves - Semivariograms - Soil fertility - Soil layer - Soil organic carbon - Spatial variability - Spherical models - Structural factor - Temporal and spatial variatility  - Temporal and spatial variation - Theoretical basis
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 921 Mathematics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.3 Database Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20124415631038
Title:Optimization of mulched drip-irrigation with brackish water for cotton using soil-water-salt numerical simulation
Authors:Wang, Zaimin (1); He, Yujiang (1); Jin, Menggui (1); Wang, Bingguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (2) Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
Corresponding author:Jin, M.(mgjin@cug.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:63-70
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to optimize the program of mulched drip-irrigation with brackish water for cotton, a soil water and salt numerical model with the root water uptake item was built by using HYDRUS. The parameters were identified and model was verified using the data of field experiments. The verified model was used to set up proper irrigation program of mulched drip-irrigation at cotton growth season and the flood irrigation at non-growth season for leaching soil salt, and to predict soil water and salt migration characteristics and its long-term effect. The results showed that the simulation matched observation well and the calculation rate was fast. The simulated and observed soil water and salt had no significant difference by T test. The parameters &alpha; and n had more notable influences on soil water than other parameters, while the longitudinal dispersivity DL had notable influence on soil salt. The proper program of mulched drip-irrigation in the study area is that two pipes are set up for one tarp with low irrigation water quantity and high irrigation interval combined with once flood irrigation during non-growth season for one or two years. Twenty-year simulation showed that the irrigation program would not result in soil secondary salinization.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Cotton - Floods - Geologic models - Leaching - Models - Optimization - Soil moisture - Soils - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Brackish water - Cotton growth - Field experiment - Flood irrigation - HYDRUS - Irrigation interval - Irrigation waters - Long-term effects - Longitudinal dispersivity - Mulched drip-irrigation  - Observation wells - Root-water uptake - Soil water - Study areas - T-tests
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 446.1 Water Supply Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20124415631035
Title:Seedcoat structure and mechanical nicking properties of triploid watermelon seed
Authors:Dai, Sihui (1); Sun, Xiaowu (1); Xiong, Xingyao (1); Li, Ming (3); Yao, Jun (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture and Landscape, Changsha 410128, China; (2) Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Changsha 410128, China; (3) College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
Corresponding author:Xiong, X.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:44-50
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the germination rate via mechanical seedcoat nicking method instead of manual operation. The germination hindrance of triploid watermelon seed was analyzed by seedcoat ultrastructure features compared with diploid watermelon seed. Familiar watermelon seeds of three varieties, Heiniu, Mihong and Huapi, at the moisture content of 11.1, 11.2 and 10.6% (w.b.), were selected to study the mechanical nicking properties using common methods, respectively. Test results showed that the loading speed of pressure had an influence on the seedcoat nicking force. The maximum compression values of all seeds were as the designing standard for the compressing rocker. The loading speed of pressure was chosen as 80-100 mm/min; the maximum nicking force as 68.97 N. It is concluded that the results provide basic parameters and theoretical basis to design a seedcoat nicking machine for triploid watermelon seeds.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Cultivation - Mechanical properties - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Basic parameters - Designing standards - Germination - Germination rates - Loading speed - Manual operations - Seedcoat nicking - Theoretical basis - Triploid watermelon
Classification code:423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20124415631060
Title:Development and verification of one-dimensional model of steady-state heat transfer for anaerobic fermentation reactor
Authors:Liu, Jianyu (1); Chen, Zexing (1); Li, Wentao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Liu, J.(liujy@neau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:217-222
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to ensure normal operation of the biogas engineering in the alpine regions of northern of China in winter, it is a key factor to keep the stable temperature in the biogas anaerobic fermentation process by means of measurements of proper heating and warming preservation. Thermal consumption of heat transfer in the anaerobic fermentation reactor is the basis for the design of fermentation liquid heating system. It has obvious effect on the selection of heating scheme and determination of major equipments, such as heating system, diameter of heating pipes and heater. Basic on steady state heat transfer theory, a one-dimensional steady heat transfer model was developed by the heat transfer analysis for an integral and overground collection of anaerobic fermentation reactor and methane. This model was modified and validated. The results show that there is no significant difference between the simulation value and the actual value. Therefore, the heat transfer model is feasible for the calculation of thermal consumption of rector. This model can be used for the calculation of heat load and prediction of energy consumption for the anaerobic fermentation reactor.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Biogas - Energy utilization - Heating - Heating equipment - Methane - Models
Uncontrolled terms:Alpine regions - Anaerobic fermentation - Anaerobic fermentation process - Heat transfer analysis - Heat transfer model - Heating pipes - Heating schemes - Heating system - Key factors - Normal operations  - One-dimensional model - One-dimensional steady-state - Reactor - Steady-state heat transfer
Classification code:522 Gas Fuels - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 642.2 Industrial Furnaces and Components - 643.1 Space Heating - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.000
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20124415631044
Title:Characteristics of surface runoff and its influencing factors on slope scale in rocky mountain area of northern Hebei province
Authors:Li, Zijun (1); Yu, Xingxiu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (2) Shandong Key Laboratory of Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi 276005, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
Corresponding author:Yu, X.(yuxingxiu@lyu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:109-116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reveal the rules of water and soil losses in different regions, the relations between runoff yield characteristics and its main influencing factors including landform factors, rainfall factors, vegetation coverage and engineering measures for soil and water conservation on slope scale were discussed based on observed data of runoff plots in rocky mountain area of northern Hebei province. The result showed that the annual runoff yield in the runoff plots firstly increased, and then decreased with increasing slope gradients, the critical slope gradient was about 11&deg;00'. The annual runoff yield in the runoff plots increased with increasing slope lengths. There was a positive correlation between the surface runoff and effective rainfall as well as average rainfall intensity in different slope degree and slope length. However, the correlation between the surface runoff and effective rainfall was significance at 0.01 level, while the correlation coefficient between the surface runoff and average rainfall intensity was not noticeable. The annual runoff yield in the runoff plots decreased as vegetation coverage increased, there was little difference between the runoff yields of the grassland runoff plots with vegetation cover rate of 60% and 90%, which indicated that there existed a critical vegetation coverage in the harnessing of soil and water conservation. Soil and water conservation engineering measures such as level bench, fish-scale pits and terrace can retain surface runoff effectively as well as reduce the impacts of rainfall characteristics on surface runoff through changing underlying surfaces. The research can provide a scientific reference for soil erosion control and ecological construction in rocky mountain area of North China.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Runoff
Controlled terms:Landforms - Rain - Soil conservation - Soils - Vegetation - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Annual runoff - Correlation coefficient - Critical slope gradients - Different slopes - Ecological construction - Effective rainfall - Hebei Province - Influencing factor - North China - Observed data  - Positive correlations - Rainfall characteristics - Rainfall factor - Rainfall intensity - Rocky Mountains - Runoff yield - Slope gradients - Slope length - Soil and water conservation - Soil erosion  - Soil loss - Surface runoffs - Underlying surface - Vegetation cover - Vegetation coverage
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20124415631069
Title:Screening of maturity characterization factors for mini watermelon fruit
Authors:Zhao, Hongwei (1); Han, Donghai (1); Song, Shuhui (2); Chang, Dong (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing 100097, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Han, D.(handh@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:281-286
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For the purposes of detecting the maturity of small watermelon and real-time monitoring its internal quality during the growth, this paper studied a variety of basic information in constantly changing circumstances along with growing days of mini watermelon fruit Jingxiu. During the growth, the majority of the small watermelon basic information changes follow certain regularities and some indicators regularities are similar. Based on the correlation analysis, the factor analysis and the new constructed variable results, it can be found that the quality changes of the small watermelon fruit Jingxiu mainly manifest as the content changes of soluble solids, titratable acidity, flesh moisture and chlorophyll from 20 to 39 days after pollination process. Among these changes, the chlorophyll content changes notably in the course of 22 to 25 days after pollination process, while the other three primarily change in the course of 28 to 30 days. The quality becomes stable during the growth process of 31 to 39 days except some small fluctuations within a small range. The results can provide a basis for selection of parameters for optical non-destructive testing of small watermelon quality and maturity.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Chlorophyll - Correlation methods - Curricula - Factor analysis - Monitoring - Multivariant analysis - Nondestructive examination
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll contents - Constructed variable - Correlation analysis - Growth process - Internal quality - Maturity - Non destructive testing - Quality change - Real time monitoring - Small fluctuation  - Soluble solids - Titratable acidity
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 922 Statistical Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 901.2 Education
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20124415631036
Title:Contact analysis on huge crawler track wheel and track pad
Authors:Yan, Zhenhua (1); Wang, Guoqiang (1); Yao, Zongwei (1); Chen, Hongtao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (2) Faw-Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011, China
Corresponding author:Wang, G.(wgq@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:51-56
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A mathematic model of contact was established base on Hertz contact theory for researching the contact problem of huge crawler, and it was verified by the nonlinear contact finite element model using ABAQUS. Then relationships between load, geometry and contact pressure, contact ellipse were analyzed using the mathematic model. The results show that the influence scope of the contact area is small and the maximum equivalent stress occurs below the surface with a certain depth. The maximum contact pressure, which represents nonlinear variation with the load and the curvature of two contact interface, occurs in contact area center. Also, contact ellipse changes with the curvature, however the elliptical eccentricity does not vary with load. This study could provide a reference for huge crawler track wheel and track pad design.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Mathematical models
Controlled terms:Finite element method - Mining equipment - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:Contact analysis - Contact areas - Contact ellipse - Contact interface - Contact pressures - Contact problem - Equivalent stress - Finite element models - Hertz contact theory - Hertz theory  - Mathematic model - Non-linear variation - Nonlinear contact - Track pad shoe
Classification code:502.2 Mine and Quarry Equipment - 601.2 Machine Components - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20124415631068
Title:Coupling effect of environmental factors in fresh-keeping transportation container with controlled atmosphere by liquid nitrogen injection
Authors:Han, Xu (1); L&#252;, Enli (1); Lu, Huazhong (1); Zhang, Dongxia (1); Xu, Jinfeng (1); Yang, Songxia (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Zhuhai Landa Compressor Company Limited, Zhuhai 519110, China; (3) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
Corresponding author:Lu, H.(huazlu@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:275-280
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to research the environmental factors coupling effect in fresh-keeping transportation with controlled atmosphere, an experimental platform for environmental control was established. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of regulation process such as refrigeration, high-pressure atomizing humidification, liquid nitrogen injection and ventilation on temperature, humidity, O<inf>2</inf> concentration, and CO<inf>2</inf> concentration of the fresh-keeping environment. Results indicated that liquid nitrogen injection during controlled atmosphere process could rapidly reduce the O<inf>2</inf> concentration, meanwhile significantly affecting temperature and humidity in the container. Similarly, refrigeration had a great impact on the humidity when decreasing the temperature. High-pressure atomizing humidification made little effect on temperature when increasing the humidity, whereas the compressor intaking the air outside the container would exerted dramatic effect on the volume fraction of O<inf>2</inf> than intaking the air inside. Ventilation had great influence on the volume fraction of O<inf>2</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf>. The results can provide references for integrated control strategy of fresh-keeping transportation with controlled atmosphere.
Number of references:25
Main heading:High pressure effects
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Containers - Environmental management - Liquid nitrogen - Protective atmospheres - Refrigeration - Temperature - Transportation
Uncontrolled terms:Coupling effect - Environmental control - Environmental factors - Experimental platform - Fresh-keeping - Integrated control strategy - Nitrogen injection - Regulation process
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 694 Packaging - 691 Bulk Handling and Unit Loads - 644.4 Cryogenics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 454.1 Environmental Engineering, General - 434 Waterway Transportation - 433 Railroad Transportation - 432 Highway Transportation - 431 Air Transportation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20124415631059
Title:Culture of acetogenic complex strains Th3 and its application in biogas production
Authors:Cheng, Huicai (1); Xi, Yanhua (2); Guo, Jianbin (1); Zhang, Liping (2); Zhang, Wanqin (1); Pang, Changle (1); Dong, Renjie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Energy Engineering and Low Carbon Technology Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Institute of Biology of Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050081, China
Corresponding author:Pang, C.(pangcl@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:210-216
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve conversion rate of acetic acid and methane yield in anaerobic digestion, an atificial composite system Th3 was constructed by mixing three strains of acetogenic bacteria CD-2 (Clostridium sordellii), ZY-3(Clostridium bifermentans) and ZQ-1 (Clostridium butyricum). The experimental results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions of Th3 were as follows: initial pH was 7.0-8.0, sequence of three bacteria inoculation was ZQ-1, ZY-3 and CD-2, inoculation ratio was 1:2:1, and inoculum was 6% of effective volume. At the same time, the acetic acid yield was observed as high as 0.65 g/(L&middotd) at 30&deg;C with static culture. The metabolic process of Th3 was proved to be very stable within ten generations. At(26&plusmn;1)&deg;C, the daily biogas production and productivity were improved significantly after Th3 addition in the initial and medium fermentation, and the start-up phase was shortened by 2-3 days. But the biogas process had no significant change when Th3 was added at the late stage of fermentation. The research can provide a reference for the complex strains construction, anaerobic digestion efficiency improvement and optimization of fermentation process and has an application value in biogas production.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Biogas
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Anaerobic digestion - Clostridium - Fermentation - Methane - pH
Uncontrolled terms:Acetogenic bacteria - Acetogenic complex strains Th3 - Biogas production - Clostridium bifermentans - Clostridium butyricum - Conversion rates - Culture conditions - Digestion efficiency - Effective volume - Fermentation conditions  - Fermentation process - Initial pH - Late stage - Metabolic process - Methane Yield - Mixed cultures - Start-ups - Static culture
Classification code:461.8 Biotechnology - 461.9 Biology - 522 Gas Fuels - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20124415631034
Title:Design of test device for rotary tiller components based on soil bin
Authors:Li, Yonglei (1); Song, Jiannong (1); Dong, Xiangqian (1); Zhang, Junkui (1); Wang, Jicheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Song, J.(songjn@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:38-43
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to meet the diversified testing requirements and to improve the interchangeability, generality and measurement accuracy, a test device was designed for rotary tillage components based on soil bin. The test bed structure design and the measurement system were introduced in the paper. The working principle of bridge system for strain measuring system was expounded emphatically. The working process and load variation of rollers were analyzed and the test indexes for load characteristic of working parts were designed. The MATLAB program was used and verified to collect the test signal and analyze the data. The results showed that the strain measuring system worked reliably and the linear factor was 1; the test device could effectually reflect the working load characteristic and meet the experimental requirements of rotary tillage components well.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Load testing
Controlled terms:Bins - Design - Equipment testing - MATLAB - Measurements - Soil testing - Strain measurement - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Agriculture machinery - Bridge systems - Experimental requirements - Load characteristics - Load variations - MATLAB program - Measurement accuracy - Measurement system - Rotary tillage - Rotary tiller  - Strain measuring - Test device - Test signal - Testing requirements - Working loads - Working parts - Working principles - Working process
Classification code:943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 408 Structural Design - 694.4 Storage
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20124415631053
Title:Decision-making method based on rough set and evidential theory for greenhouse environmental control
Authors:Wang, Jun (1); Liu, Gang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Vehicle and Motive Power Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
Corresponding author:Liu, G.(pac@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:172-178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Aiming at the requirements of expert decision-making for greenhouse environmental control, an inference method based on rough set and evidential theory was proposed. The decision-making model includes continuous variables discretization, formation of expert decision-making table, attribute reduction and evidence combination. The decision-making model was established by four steps. Firstly, discrete the consecutive environment index data through fuzzy C means clustering method. Secondly, optimize decision table by using attribute reduction algorithm based on information entropy, so that to eliminate the redundancies of expert knowledge. Thirdly, introduce the theory of evidence to process the optimized index. Finally, judge an appropriate greenhouse control method according to basic probability distribution decision. The case study indicates that decision making method can greatly enhance the reliability of decision-making and reduce its inference uncertainty, which has an important significance to the application in greenhouse environmental control.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Decision making
Controlled terms:Decision tables - Environmental engineering - Environmental management - Greenhouses - Optimization - Probability distributions - Rough set theory
Uncontrolled terms:Attribute reduction - Attribute reduction algorithm - Continuous variables - Control methods - Decision making models - Decision-making method - Discretizations - Environment index - Environmental control - Evidence combination  - Evidential theory - Expert knowledge - Fuzzy C means clustering - Fuzzy c-means clustering method - Inference methods - Information entropy - Rough set - Theory of evidence
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 912.2 Management - 723.1 Computer Programming - 454 Environmental Engineering - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20124415631054
Title:Optimum method for biomass energy development projects based on gray multi-hierarchical comprehensive appraisal
Authors:Shen, Qiang (1); Yao, Yanming (2); He, Yong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (2) Institute of Harbor Coastal and Nearshore Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Corresponding author:Yao, Y.(hotfireyao@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:179-185
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:An optimization model was presented for selecting the optimal from various projects. At first, six evaluation indexes of three types of scales were compared with each other, which were concluded en/5 exponential scale. Also by integrating both the theory of relative relation grade and AHP, a mathematic model was established to optimize biomass energy development projects and was practically tested in the case of optimizing biomass energy development projects of Zhejiang Province. The result showed the synthesizing value of biomass biogas project was 0.8884, namely, indicating it was the best project. The optimization model and decision-making system established in this paper are arguably characterized by advantages of wide application, easy maneuverability, and they have a practical denotation.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Biomass
Controlled terms:Biogas - Hierarchical systems - Mathematical models - Models - Optimization - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:AHP - Bio-mass energy - Decision-making systems - Development project - Evaluation index - Exponential scale - Mathematic model - Multi-hierarchical - Optimization models - Optimum method  - Relative relation grade - Zhejiang Province
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 522 Gas Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20124415631051
Title:Extracting vein of leaf image based on K-means clustering
Authors:Li, Cancan (1); Wang, Bao (1); Wang, Jing (1); Li, Fengguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Physic and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Corresponding author:Li, F.(ganguli@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:157-162
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Leaf is the primary part of a plant and the major site of food production for the plant. Leaf vein extraction and analysis are useful for investigation of leaf and plant structures. In this paper, a vein extraction algorithm based on the K-means clustering is proposed. Using intensity information, K-means clustering is carried out. According to the clustering results, the boundary of the leaf is extracted and leaf images are divided into two types, the uniform illumination leaf image and the nonuniform illumination leaf image. For a uniform illumination leaf image, vein is directly extracted based on the clustering results. However, for the nonuniform illumination leaf image, some mesophylls are removed first, and K-means clustering is then used to extract the vein. The results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the misclassification error rate.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Image processing
Controlled terms:Clustering algorithms - Image segmentation - Inertial confinement fusion
Uncontrolled terms:Clustering results - Extraction algorithms - Food production - HSI color space - Intensity information - K-means clustering - Leaf images - Misclassification error - Non-uniform illumination - Plant structures  - Uniform illumination
Classification code:621.2 Fusion Reactors - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 741.1 Light/Optics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20124415631066
Title:Effect of peanut quality on protein gel property
Authors:Wang, Li (1); Wang, Qiang (1); Liu, Hongzhi (1); Liu, Li (1); Du, Yin (1); Zhang, Jianshu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-Processing and Quality Control, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Q.(wangqiang365@263.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:260-267
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:This paper mainly discussed the relationship between peanut quality (sensory quality, physicochemical quality and processing quality) and peanut gel property. The characteristics and evaluation method of special peanut which is suited to process meat products was presented. The evaluation model of gel-type peanut varieties was established which could estimate the processing suitability scientifically. 62 peanut varieties were used to extract the peanut protein isolates. Physical property apparatus(TPA) was used to analysis the gel property of the peanut protein isolated. The relationship between the characteristics of peanut and gel property was analyzed. Supervised principal component analysis was used to establish the peanut quality evaluation model. 41 varieties were assigned to the calibration set, whereas the remaining 21 varieties constituted the validation set. The results showed that the gel property among different peanut varieties had significant difference. The shape, content of crude fibre, protein, cysteine, glycine, arginine, leucine, conarachin I, arachin/conarachin, 23.5 kDa had significant relationships with gel property (P&lt;0.05). The model of supervised principal component analysis was acceptable (R²=0.875). The content of protein, cysteine, arginine and conarachin I were positively correlated with gel property. The model of peanut quality can be used to predict the gel property of unknown varieties. It can also provide a basis for processing and utilization of different peanut varieties and selection of special varieties.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Arginine - Models - Oilseeds - Principal component analysis - Proteins
Uncontrolled terms:Conarachin - Crude fibre - Evaluate index - Evaluation Method - Evaluation models - Gel properties - Gel-type - Meat products - Peanut - Peanut proteins  - Physico-chemical quality - Processing quality - Protein gel - Quality evaluation - Sensory qualities
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20124415631029
Title:Review on super absorbent polymer application for improving fertilizer efficiency and controlling agricultural non-point source pollutions
Authors:Liao, Renkuan (1); Yang, Peiling (1); Ren, Shumei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Yang, P.(yangpeiling@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-10
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Super absorbent polymer (SAP) is a new type of multifunctional material in drought resistant and pollution control. SAP can quickly absorb water and fertilizer for increasing soil crumb structure and porosity, restraining soil evaporation, promoting crop physiological function and reducing fertilizer loss, so as to result in significant improvement of water and fertilizer use efficiency and marked reduction in fertilizer pollution. In recent years, SAP has been widely used in agricultural nonpoint source pollution control as a chemical product of absorbing and storing water and fertilizer. The paper expounds its acting mechanism and efficiency in controlling pollution, introduces the researches on its main antifouling function, and emphatically summarizes the researches of SAP application in agricultural production and the development of agricultural antifouling absorbent agent. In the end, the problems existing in the field are discussed and the future research fields are proposed.
Number of references:66
Main heading:Water pollution
Controlled terms:Absorption - Agriculture - Control - Fertilizers - Pollution - Pollution induced corrosion - Polymers - Research - Water - Water pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural nonpoint source pollutions - Agricultural productions - Antifouling - Chemical products - Crumb structure - Fertilizer efficiency - Fertilizer use - Multi-functional materials - Non-point source pollution - Physiological functions  - Research fields - Soil evaporations - Superabsorbent polymer
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 453 Water Pollution - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20124415631063
Title:Geographical origin traceability of lamb based on mineral element fingerprints
Authors:Sun, Shumin (1); Guo, Boli (1); Wei, Yimin (1); Fan, Mingtao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China; (2) College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Sun, S.(xianyun730@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:17
Issue date:September 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:237-243
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Mineral element fingerprints in lamb meat of the different origins were investigated, aiming to seek its potential of determining the geographical origin of lamb. Contents of four essential major elements (K, Ca, Na, Mg), and thirteen trace elements (V, Mn, Fe, Cr, Be, Sb, Ni, Cu, As, Zn, Se, Ba, Tl) in lamb samples from three pastoral regions including Alxa League, Xilin Gol League and Hulunbuir City, and two agricultural regions including Chongqing City and Heze City of China were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The multivariate statistical methods such as variation analysis, correlation analysis and discriminant analysis were used for data analysis. The results showed that the mineral element fingerprints had distinct geographical features. The agricultural region samples were characterized by generally higher elemental contents than the pastoral region samples. Nine elements including Ca, Zn, Be, Ni, Fe, Ba, Sb, Mn and Se were related to the local soil and suggested as effective tracers for lamb origin assessment. The correct classification rate were both higher than 90% for samples from the agricultural and pastoral regions, while varied between 70% and 100% for samples from the five individual regions. The results demonstrated that the mineral element fingerprints can be used to authenticate geographical origins of lamb. This method can also provide a reference for origin traceability of other foodstuffs.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Antimony
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Barium - Discriminant analysis - Geographical regions - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - Manganese - Minerals - Sodium - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Chongqing cities - Classification rates - Correlation analysis - Different origins - Element fingerpri - Elemental contents - Geographical features - Geographical origins - Major elements - Mineral element  - Multivariate statistical method - Origin - Traceability - Variation analysis
Classification code:901.4 Impact of Technology on Society - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 801 Chemistry - 549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 922 Statistical Methods - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 543.2 Manganese and Alloys - 482.2 Minerals - 546.4 Antimony and Alloys
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.17.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.