Accession number:20124415630988
Title:Research and development on power coupling device of hybrid electric tractor
Authors:Deng, Xiaoting (1); Zhu, Sihong (1); Qian, Zhongxiang (2); Zhang, Ying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (2) Changzhou Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213012, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, S.(zhusihong@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:29-34
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In recent years, effects of agricultural vehicles, especially tractors on the environment and resources are increasing year by year, so carrying out the research and development of energy-conservation and environmental protection tractors, especially hybrid electric tractors has become the imminent important subject. And the power coupling is the core of hybrid electric drive system. According to the requirements of working properties and transmission characteristics of tractors, the transmission ratio, characteristic parameters and matching number of gear teeth of power coupling device for hybrid electric tractor were designed. Based on the requirement of transmission load and manufacturing technology, the structure design and strength check were processed. Then a new power coupling for parallel hybrid electric tractor was developed, which was also tested on self-developed hybrid electric tractor test-bed. The results showed that the power coupling device can meet the needs of working characteristic under working condition. In addition, the output speeds were sensitive with the speed changes of power sources, and had excellent ability in real-time speed changing while the output torque was insensitive with the speed changes of power sources. The development of power coupling device provides the foundation for further research on hybrid electric tractors.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Tractors (agricultural)
Controlled terms:Automobile testing - Electric drives - Electric properties - Environmental protection - Gear teeth - Research - Structural design - Tractors (truck)
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural vehicles - Characteristic parameter - Dynamic couplings - Electric tractors - Hybrid electric drive system - Manufacturing technologies - Output torque - Power coupling - Power sources - Research and development  - Speed change - Structure design - Test - Transmission characteristics - Transmission loads - Transmission ratios - Working conditions - Working properties
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 705 Electric Generators and Motors - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 663 Buses, Tractors and Trucks - 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles - 601.2 Machine Components - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 408.1 Structural Design, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630997
Title:Experiments on water head losses of self-cleaning screen filter for drip irrigation in field
Authors:Zong, Quanli (1); Liu, Fei (2); Liu, Huanfang (1); Zheng, Tiegang (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (3) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Corresponding author:Liu, H.(liuhuanfang@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:86-92
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Self-cleaning screen filters were broadly applicated on domestic and foreign market, it was the key parameter of water head loss evaluation. Head loss of clean and muddy water was studied in this study, and the variation law of head loss for 80 meshes and 120 meshes was analyzed. Formulas between flow rate and head loss for two kinds of mesh were obtained through clean water experiment. Under the condition of fixed flow rate (220 m³/h) and sediment content (0.190 g/L) in muddy water experiment, the variation law between head loss and time, and the calculation method of muddy water head loss was researched. The head losses in the two conditions were calculated, and the calculation formulas of head loss in all conditions were simulated. The calculation formulas for ten different sediment contents with certain fixed flow rate and five different flow rates with certain sediment content were developed, respectively. The results showed that all formulas had high precision, and the determination coefficients of which were bigger than 0.95, which could be used to calculate head loss of muddy water. The results of this study provide reference for the calculation of water head loss of self-cleaning screen filters in actual project.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Flow rate
Controlled terms:Calculations - Cleaning - Experiments - Irrigation - Sedimentology - Sediments
Uncontrolled terms:Calculation formula - Clean waters - Determination coefficients - Drip irrigation - Filter - Fixed flow - Foreign markets - Head loss - High precision - In-field  - Key parameters - Screen filters - Sediment content - Water heads
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 631 Fluid Flow - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630999
Title:Spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity in typical oasis region
Authors:Liu, Guangming (1); Lü, Zhenzhen (1); Yang, Jingsong (1); He, Lidan (1); Yu, Shipeng (1); Wang, Xiangping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.(jsyang@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:100-107
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Soil salinization constraints the sustainable development of oasis agriculture in arid area. This study focus on exploring spatial variation of soil salinity in typical oasis region by geostatistical method combined with GIS technique. The main results indicated that soil salinity of 0-30 cm topsoil showed strong variability while that of deeper soil layers showed moderate variability. Soil salinity of each layer (0-30, >30-60 or >60-100 cm) demonstrated moderate spatial autocorrelation, and the spatial correlated distances were in the range of 24-28 km. Salinity of certain grade for different layers approximately occupied the same orientation. In every soil layer, the non-salinized soil area occupied a dominant area, accounting for more than 69% of the total, with mild salinized soil followed, accounting for 19% to 30% of the total area, and the moderate salinized soil area of was less than 3.4% while heavy salinized soil only in the 0-30 cm soil layer had very small distribution. With soil depth increasing, the area of non-salinized or moderate salinized soil gradually reduced, while mild salinized soil area increased. This study has important theoretical values for oasis agriculture in arid area and sustainable utilization of soil resources in regional scale, and thus has clear practical application prospects.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Arid regions - Interpolation - Salinity measurement - Salts
Uncontrolled terms:Application prospect - Arid area - Geostatistical method - Regional scale - Soil depth - Soil layer - Soil resources - Soil salinity - Soil salinization - Spatial autocorrelations  - Spatial correlated - Spatial variations - Sustainable utilization - Theoretical values
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 444 Water Resources - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630987
Title:Experimental study on rootstock cutting mechanism of pipeline grafting machine for solanaceae
Authors:Liu, Kai (1); Yang, Yanli (1); Li, Kai (1); Chu, Qi (1); Zhong, Lüxiang (1); Gu, Song (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Gu, S.(sgu666@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:23-28
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To enhance the productivity of semi-automatic grafting machines, a automatic grafting method with flow line was proposed. Based on the characters of multi-position, a rootstock cutting mechanism was designed to cut rootstock in transverse and longitudinal section. The results showed that With 4 mm of the diameter of rootstocks, the elongation of holding belt was 200% and the included angle of aligning faces for holding rootstock was 90°, the successful ratio for holding rootstock was 95%. With 1.8 mm of the blade thickness, the residence time for cutting in longitudinal section was equal or greater than 0.8 s, the incision width of rootstock cut by the blade was the maximum. A leading unit was installed to the lead scions deflected at the inserting position to guarantee inserting a scion into a incision of rootstock cut by the rootstock cutting mechanism. The research indicated that compared with the manual operation, the rootstock cutting mechanism exhibits the advantage of the fast cutting speed and fine operating stability.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Grafting (chemical)
Controlled terms:Cutting machines (mining) - Grafts - Machinery - Pipelines
Uncontrolled terms:Blade thickness - Cutting mechanisms - Cutting speed - Experimental studies - Grafting method - Longitudinal section - Manual operations - Operating stability - Residence time - Semi-automatics  - Solanaceae
Classification code:462.4 Prosthetics - 504 Mines and Mining, Metal - 601 Mechanical Design - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 815.1 Polymeric Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631000
Title:Effects of surface tillage regimes on soil moisture and temperature of spring corn farmland in Northeast China
Authors:Song, Zhenwei (1); Guo, Jinrui (2); Deng, Aixing (1); Kou, Taiji (1); Ren, Jun (2); Zhang, Weijian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Center for Agricultural Environment and Resources, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130124, China; (3) College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, W.(zhangweij@caas.net.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:108-114
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Concerning the high frequency of chilling injury and seasonal drought during spring corn growth season in Northeast China, a field experiment were conducted in 2009-2010 to determine the effects of different soil surface tillage treatments on soil moisture, soil temperature and corn yield. Three treatments including ridge tillage (LL), ridge tillage after seedling (PL) and shallow tillage without ridge (PP) was designed. The results obtained in two-year experiments showed that soil water storages of the depth of 0-40 cm in the PL and PP plots were significantly higher than that in the LL plot by 8.7 and 6.0 mm before sowing, and 4.1 and 3.4 mm during corn seedling stage, respectively. Whereas soil water storages of 0-40 cm soil depth in the PL and LL plots were higher than that in the PP plot in medium-late growth period of corn. The daily mean temperatures in the soil depth of 5 cm of PL and PP plot were significantly lower than that in the LL plot in seedling stage. However, the daily minimum temperature in the soil depths of 5 cm of the PL and PP plots was 1.6 and 1.2°C, respectively, and higher than that in the LL plot in seedling stage. The above evidences suggested that ridge tillage after seedling (PL) might increase the soil minimum temperature and soil water storage in seedling stage as well as improve soil moisture conditions in medium-late growth stage, which contributeed to the higher grain yield in the PL plot than that in LL and PP by 7.6 % and 6.4 %, respectively.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Soil moisture
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Grain growth - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Chilling injury - Corn growth - Corn yields - Field experiment - Grain yield - Growth period - Growth stages - High frequency - Mean temperature - Moisture conditions  - Northeast China - Ridge tillage - Soil depth - Soil surfaces - Soil temperature - Soil tillage - Soil water storage - Tillage treatment - Yield
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 933.1.2 Crystal Growth
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631005
Title:Water moisture diagnosis of tomato canopy based on multi-information fusion
Authors:Gao, Hongyan (1); Mao, Hanping (1); Zhang, Xiaodong (1); Sun, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Mao, H.(maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:140-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to accurately, rapidly and stably determine the moisture content of tomatoes and fully detect water stress degree, the multi-information fusion of the reflection spectrum, multi-spectral images, canopy temperature, environmental temperature and humidity were used to judge the water stress. After removing the noise wavelengths and correlation analysis, 950-1080, 1170-1300, 1370-1500, 1600-1730 and 1860-1980 nm wave bands were selected. Bands of 1026, 1247, 1431, 1640 and 1910 nm were as the features using the stepwise regression. The 3×3 window median filter and the Otsu segmented were applied by IR and G images, finally the average gray was calculated. Combined with canopy temperature, environmental temperature and humidity, the CWSI was established. The five characteristic wavelengths, IR and G images average gray and CWSI as multi-information fusions parameters, the analysis and verification results obtained by PLS-ANN were correlation coefficient 0.9364, the root mean square error 10.6713, mean error 7.6714%, fitting equation slope 0.9615. It showed that the evaluations of the multi-information fusion model were better than those of the model represented by single sensor.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Information fusion
Controlled terms:Fruits - Humidity control - Mean square error - Spectroscopy - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Canopy temperature - Correlation analysis - Correlation coefficient - Environmental temperature - Fitting equations - Mean errors - Multi-information fusion - Multispectral images - Reflectance spectrum - Reflection spectra  - Root mean square errors - Single sensor - Stepwise regression - Tomato - Verification results - Water moisture - Water stress - Wavebands
Classification code:402 Buildings and Towers - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 731.1 Control Systems - 801 Chemistry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630992
Title:Applicative evaluation of three cavitating models on cavitating flow calculation in centrifugal pump
Authors:Liu, Houlin (1); Liu, Dongxi (1); Wang, Yong (1); Wu, Xianfang (1); Zhuang, Suguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Liu, D.(dongxiliu@hotmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:54-59
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To find a better numerical method to simulate the cavitating flows in the centrifugal pumps, the influences of three widespread cavitation models (Zwart-Gerber-Belamri model, Kunz model and Schnerr-Sauer model) were verified on the numerical predictions of the centrifugal pump performances. The simulations were executed with three different flow coefficients, from 0.082 to 0.122. Subsequently, the numerical results obtained by different cavitation models were compared to the measured values, respectively. The prediction accuracy of Kunz model were higher than the other two cavitation models with the design flow coefficient and the small flow coefficient, and the simulation results under the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri model with the large flow coefficient was close to the experimental data. In addition, the cavitating flows of the centrifugal pump obtained by Kunz model with ψ=0.102 was analyzed, and the bubbles generated at the suction side of blade near the leading edge at first and then expanded to the outlet of impeller with the decreasing of cavitation number; the decreasing total pressure coefficient occurred in the upstream of the impeller passage principally, while the downstream approximately remains unaffected with the development of cavitation; the load on the blade was greatly affected by cavitation.
Number of references:33
Main heading:Cavitation
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Computer simulation - Experiments - Impellers - Numerical analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Applicative evaluation - Cavitating flow - Cavitation model - Cavitation number - Design flows - Flow coefficients - Impeller passage - Leading edge - Numerical predictions - Numerical results  - Prediction accuracy - Pump performance - Suction side - Total pressure coefficients
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 618.2 Pumps - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631009
Title:Airflow simulation in solar greenhouse using CFD model
Authors:Zhang, Qixun (1); Yu, Haiye (2); Zhang, Zhongyuan (4); Dong, Liangjie (5); Zhang, Qiuyuan (6); Shao, Chenghui (1); Yang, Kun (7); Wang, Xue (8)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (2) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (4) College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (5) College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (6) Mmi Planning and Engineering Institute Ix, Jilin, Changchun 130011, China; (7) Basic Department, Aviation University of Air Army, Changchun 130022, China; (8) Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021, China
Corresponding author:Yu, H.(haiye@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:166-171
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Air flow plays an important role in regulating the indoor environment for the northeast regional greenhouse, therefore it is necessary to study the air flow characteristics in the solar greenhouse. The Fluent software was used to establish solar greenhouse model based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The three-dimensional numerical simulation was done based on the standard turbulence model for the solar greenhouse. During simulation process, taking inside and outside the air in solar greenhouse as the research object, interior space along with its surrounding outdoor space was regarded as part of the CFD calculation field. Air distribution and change in solar greenhouse was numerically simulated and tested, and wind speed of numerical simulation was compared with that of experiment data. The results showed that the maximum error between them was less than 9%, and the numerical results had a good agreement with the experiment data, and the distributions of velocity of flow fields were obtained from the simulated results of solar greenhouse. The simulation results simulated airflow state that airflow flowed in from windows and then out along the bottom vents of solar greenhouse and the speed of air at bottom of air vents was uniformly distributed with eddy current formed at the bottom of solar greenhouse. The simulated results directly showed its properties and state of the flow fields. In this paper, the simulation results provide a theoretical basis for optimization design and environmental regulation for the northeast region of solar greenhouse.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Greenhouses
Controlled terms:Air - Computational fluid dynamics - Computer software - Experiments - Flow fields - Solar heating - Three dimensional - Three dimensional computer graphics - Turbulence models
Uncontrolled terms:Air distribution - Air flow - Air vents - Airflow simulation - Airflow state - CFD models - Computational fluid dynamics methods - Experiment data - FLUENT software - Indoor environment  - Interior space - Maximum error - Model-based OPC - Northeast regions - Numerical results - Optimization design - Outdoor space - Research object - Simulated results - Simulation process  - Solar greenhouse - Theoretical basis - Three-dimensional numerical simulations - Wind speed
Classification code:402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 631 Fluid Flow - 643.1 Space Heating - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631007
Title:Weight estimation of underwater Cynoglossus semilaevis based on machine vision
Authors:Wang, Wenjing (1); Xu, Jianyu (1); Lü, Zhimin (2); Xin, Naihong (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Information Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (2) Tianjin Haifa Titbit Industry Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300452, China; (3) Salt Research Institute China National Salt Industry Corporation, Tianjin 300452, China
Corresponding author:Xu, J.(xujianyu@nbu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:153-157
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of estimating the weight of the flounder and other flatfishes underwater, the image and weight data of the tonguefish (Cynoglossus semilaevis) were obtained at different growth stages. The area of the fish were measured through the image processing. The fitting models were established to match the area comparaed with weight. The results showed that the correlation between the area and the weight could reach at 0.9682, the average relative error was 6.17%. In addition, the weight was also affected by other shape parameters, and the ration of equivalent ellipse axes and heywood circularity factor were measured. Three-dimensional fitting models of area, ration of equivalent ellipse axes, weight, and area, heywood circularity factor, weight were established. The average relative errors of the two models were 5.50%, 5.62%, respectively. The experiment verified that the processed results of images of fish underwater obtained out of the surface and calibrated with the template underwater were consistent with that of images obtained outside the water. Consequently, the weight of flounder fish underwater can be estimated without catching the fish.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Three dimensional
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Cameras - Computer vision - Estimation - Fish - Image matching - Image processing - Vaporization
Uncontrolled terms:Average relative error - Cynoglossus semilaevis - Data fittings - Fitting model - Growth stages - Shape parameters - Weight estimation
Classification code:902.1 Engineering Graphics - 822 Food Technology - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 921 Mathematics - 742.2 Photographic Equipment - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 471.5 Sea as Source of Minerals and Food - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 741.2 Vision
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630989
Title:Experimental study on influencing factors of lifting quality for push-over-type sugarcane harvester
Authors:Song, Chunhua (1); Ou, Yinggang (1); Liu, Qingting (1); Wang, Meimei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agriculture Machine and Equipment, Engineering College, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Guangdong Communication Polytechnic, Maritime College, Guangzhou 510800, China
Corresponding author:Ou, Y.(ouying@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:35-40
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To optimize operational parameters of push-over type sugarcane harvester, a test device of sugarcane lifter was designed. The main influencing factors for sugarcane lifting were disclosed through orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment. The results showed that the effect of rotating speed of spiral support device on lifting efficiency was significant, followed by that of forward speed of the lifter. Furthermore, the interaction of the revolving and forward speeds on lifting attitude angle was dramatically. The optimal parameters were as followed: the harvester rotation was 120 r/min, forward speed of the lifter was 0.21 m/s, setting angle of conveying section was 50°, setting angle of picking section was 5°. Under these conditions, the lifting quality was best with 45°-135° of slide angle and 50.68° to 68.87° of lifting attitude angle, which met the need of sugarcane harvester operation.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Harvesters
Controlled terms:Experiments - Optimization - Rotation - Speed
Uncontrolled terms:Attitude angle - Experimental studies - Forward speed - Influencing factor - Operational parameters - Optimal parameter - Orthogonal experiment - Rotating speed - Slide angles - Sugarcane harvesters  - Support devices - Test device
Classification code:821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630994
Title:Experimental study on mechanical properties of litchi branches
Authors:Wu, Liangjun (1); Yang, Zhou (1); Hong, Tiansheng (1); Duan, Jieli (2); Wang, Weizu (2); Wang, Liuyi (2); Tan, Guangneng (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) Grandtry Testing Instruments Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510650, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Z.(yangzhou@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:68-73
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to obtain the mechanical characteristic parameters of litchi branches, using "Nuomici" branches as experimental material, compressing test and shear test were conducted in the accurate Micro-controlled electronic universal testing machine. The results showed that average value of crushing strength parallel to the grain was 32.77 MPa, modulus of elasticity parallel to the grain 1068.02 MPa and mean value of the compression energy parallel to the grain 56.57 N·m. Average value of the compressive proportional limit stress perpendicular to grain was 8.02 MPa, modulus of elasticity perpendicular to grain was 422.84 MPa and mean value of the compression energy perpendicular to the grain was 1.25 N·m. Average value of the shear strength was 9.52 MPa and shear power was 17.59 N·m. The relevant changing trends of mechanical characteristic parameters of branches were analyzed with statistical software. The results also showed that there was an exponential function positive correlation between the stress resistance intensity and compression energy parallel to the grain, weak logarithmic function positive correlation between the compressive proportional limit stress and compression energy perpendicular to the grain, and significantly positive linear correlation between maximum shear force as well as shear power and the cross-sectional area. These results provide foundational parameters to develop pruning machine.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Shearing machines
Controlled terms:Compression testing - Elastic moduli - Mechanical properties - Shearing
Uncontrolled terms:Average values - Changing trends - Compression energy - Cross sectional area - Experimental materials - Experimental studies - Linear correlation - Litchi branches - Logarithmic functions - Maximum shears  - Mean values - Mechanical characteristics - Parallel to grain - Perpendicular to grain - Positive correlations - Shear tests - Statistical software - Stress resistance - Universal testing machines
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 535.1 Metal Rolling - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631002
Title:Characteristics of slope runoff and sediment yield on karst hill-slope with different land-use types in northwest Guangxi
Authors:Chen, Hongsong (1); Yang, Jing (1); Fu, Wei (2); He, Fei (2); Wang, Kelin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (2) Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China; (3) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Chen, H.(hbchs@isa.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:121-126
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Due to shortage of long-term observation data, law of soil and water loss on hillslope is not clear in karst regions of southwest China, which heavily influences the progress of comprehensive control of rock desertification and soil and water loss. Based on five-year observation data from thirteen big runoff plots with projected area more than 1000 m² (20 m width), surface runoff and soil erosion on dolomite hillslope with different land uses were investigated from 2006 to 2010 in the karst peak-cluster depression area of northwest Guangxi in China. The results showed that annual rainfall varied from 1300 to 2000 mm during the observation periods, and whether in rainy or normal year, event runoff coefficients were less than 5% on hillslope with different land uses, which indicated that surface runoff was very low and all rainwater almost infiltrated into soils on karst hillslope. Surface soil erosion modulus on hillslope had great differences among different land uses, but soil erosion were mostly weak (<30 t/km²·a), and even only 0-5 t/km²·a. Vegetation and land-use types had relatively small effects on surface runoff but human disturbance would increase soil erosion and sediment yield on hillslope. This paper provides a reference for vegetation rehabilitation and soil and water loss control on karst hillslope.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Climatology - Erosion - Land use - Landforms - Risk management - Runoff - Sedimentology - Slope protection
Uncontrolled terms:Annual rainfall - Guangxi - Hillslopes - Human disturbances - Karst peak-cluster depression area - Observation data - Observation Period - Projected area - Runoff coefficients - Sediment yields  - Slope runoff - Soil and water loss - Soil erosion - Southwest China - Surface runoffs - Surface soil - Vegetation rehabilitation
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 922.1 Probability Theory - 444.1 Surface Water - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 443 Meteorology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630991
Title:Simulation analysis and experiment of temperature rising characteristics in twin-screw extruder
Authors:Lin, Jiangjiao (1); Zhao, Chunfang (2); Zhu, Lixue (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (2) Zhuhai Eulong Foodsstuff Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519085, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, L.(zhulixue@163.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:47-53
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the fluid temperature change law of twin screw extruder, a fluid-temperature coupling model of non-isothermal Newton fluid was constructed based on the rheology theory. The temperature distribution discipline of fluid in the extruder was simulated with the initial temperature T at 423, 433 and 443 K, respectively. Results showed that the fluid temperature increased by 5 K, high temperature circle in meshing district expanded quickly. The fluid temperature was changed uniformly at the beginning of the screw extruder, then the fluid flow exited out of the extruder isothermally. Several optimum product conditions of twin screw extruder were verified with food expanding experiments. This research could provide references for twin screw extruder processing.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Extrusion
Controlled terms:Experiments - Fluids - Isotherms - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Coupling models - Fluid temperatures - High temperature - Nonisothermal - Rheology theories - Screw extruders - Simulation analysis - Temperature rising characteristic - Twin screw extruders
Classification code:535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice - 631 Fluid Flow - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631018
Title:Land use mapping using remote sensing for eastern part of Qinghai Plateau
Authors:Zeng, Yongnian (1); Jin, Wenping (1); He, Lili (1); Wu, Kongjiang (1); Yu, Feifei (1); Xu, Yanyan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Geomatics and Regional Sustainable Development Research, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Corresponding author:Zeng, Y.(ynzeng@mail.csu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:225-231
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to effectively monitor ecological effects of the complex area, taking the eastern agricultural area in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau transition zone as case study area, rapid extraction methods of land use information was studied using remote sensing technology in the large complex area. Firstly, according to the study areas characteristics, a classification system for analyzing land use change was designed. Secondly, a comprehensive remote sensing classification method was adopted based on the geographical division in eastern agricultural area of Qinghai plateau. Result showed that the proposed method was suitable for land use information extraction of large complex area, the Kappa coefficient was 0.71 with 0.12 higher than that of the conventional method. The classification mapping indicated that farmland was the main in the structure of land utilization, the proportion of slope farmland from 6° to 25° to total cultivated land was 63.4% and water and soil conservation should be intensified for slope farmland from 6° to 25°. This study provides an effective way for land use remote sensing information extraction in a wide range of complex areas and provides a reference for the scientific management and planning of agricultural land resources in the eastern part of Qinghai Plateau.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Classification (of information) - Farms - Information management - Information retrieval - Remote sensing - Soil conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural areas - Agricultural land - Classification system - Conventional methods - Cultivated lands - Eastern part of Qinghai Plateau - Ecological effect - Information Extraction - Kappa coefficient - Land utilization  - Land-use change - Loess Plateau - Qinghai Tibet plateau - Rapid extraction - Remote sensing classification - Remote sensing information - Remote sensing technology - Scientific management - Study areas - Transition zones
Classification code:903.2 Information Dissemination - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630985
Title:Development and experiment of eccentric-type vibratory harvester for forest-fruits
Authors:Wang, Changqin (1); Xu, Linyun (1); Zhou, Hongping (1); Cui, Yemin (2); Cui, Hua (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (2) Nantong Guangyi Machinery and Electronic Co. Ltd., Nantong 226631, China
Corresponding author:Xu, L.(lyxu@njfu.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:10-16
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For shortened and densely planted orchards in China, suitable mechanized operating condition was poor. In order to improve the harvesting efficiency of forest-fruit and reduce the harvesting cost, eccentric-type forest-fruit vibratory harvester was designed under mechanized operation for dwarf and close planting. The harvester was installed on electronic control tracklayer, which realized harvest with centrifugal force generated by circular motion of the eccentric block. Dynamic model of eccentric-type vibratory harvester was constructed, expression of response amplitude was derived and the main influencing factors on amplitude were analyzed. The walnut(J. regia 'Xinxin2') harvesting experiment was done with this harvester. Results showed that the shaking frequency had significant effect on both trunk amplitude and fruit removal rate(P=0.05). The trunk amplitude and fruit removal rate increased at higher levels of shaking frequency, and reached the maximum values of 8.83 mm and 92.6% respectively when shaking frequency was 20 Hz with no fruit or tree damage. However, the clamp bark injury turned to be more apparent as the shaking frequency increased. Finally, shaking frequency was recommended at the range of 19-20 Hz, at which fruit removal rate was 89.5%-92.6% with no damage of the fruit or fruit tree. The study provides guidance for the practical production.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Control - Experiments - Forestry - Harvesters - Harvesting - Orchards
Uncontrolled terms:Centrifugal Forces - Circular motion - Eccentric-type - Electronic controls - Fruit trees - Harvesting costs - Influencing factor - Maximum values - Operating condition - Practical production  - Removal rate - Response amplitudes - Shaking frequency - Tree damage - Walnut
Classification code:731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 732 Control Devices - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631017
Title:Spatial restructuring analysis of land use under planning and control of prime farmland protection area
Authors:Li, Can (1); Zhang, Fengrong (1); Zhu, Taifeng (1); Yuan, Yaqin (1); Gao, Yang (1); Wu, Hao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, F.(frzhang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:217-224
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve space guiding significance of prime farmland protection area special planning for land use, and to strengthen the land quality construction in prime farmland areas, the technical solutions of the land re-construction was explored. Taking Yangzhen town of Shunyi district as an example, according to the analysis of 12 prime farmland protection areas, the direction of regulation for farmland, rural residential land, unused land in the protected area and the spatial distribution of land readjustment and scheduling were determined by the spatial analysis function and neighborhood replacement method based on agricultural land grading results. The result showed that block area of land reclamation and regulation for I, II, III grades were 459.44 hm², and adaptability evaluation of unused land at high and moderate level were 35.12 hm², so the proportion of the arable land in the prime land protection areas could be effectively improved by regulating the section above mentioned. Meanwhile, the farmland landscape index analysis showed that the concentration degree of arable land increased continuously with plot non-arable land changing to arable land. The land use space reconstruction approach based on the behavior of land readjustment is very useful in exploring a special plan for the prime farmland area, and deepens the study of land use planning.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Conservation - Grading - Land reclamation - Land use - Planning
Uncontrolled terms:Adaptability evaluation - Agricultural land - Arable land - Basic farmland protection areas - Concentration degree - Farmland landscape - Land changing - Land quality - Land Use Planning - Planning and control  - Protected areas - Replacement methods - Shunyi District - Space reconstruction - Spatial analysis - Spatial restructuring - Technical solutions - Yangzhen town
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 454 Environmental Engineering - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630990
Title:Design and experiment of test-bed for grain flow sensor
Authors:Chen, Shuren (1); Qiu, Huazheng (1); Li, Yaoming (1); Lu, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Chen, S.(srchen@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:41-46
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to developing a large feed flow monitoring system of the tangential-axial grain combine harvester, a grain flow sensor calibrating test-rig was developed. Scraper elevator was adopted on the test-rig, and the inclination angle of the elevator was 75°-90°. After the grain being fed into the grain tank, grain flow rate could be controlled by adjusting the opening gap of the flapper during the test. By using the National Instrument DAQ data board, a multi-channel data acquisition system based on graphical programming language LabVIEW was designed, which could realized functions, such as the real-time displaying, recording, analysis of signal of the feed grain tank's weight, vibration signal and grain flow signal wave. Excluding the impact of the external forces, indoor calibration tests shown that grain feed rate had a great influence to the yield estimation accuracy. When the flow rate was very small, the yield estimation error was up to 6.55%. The average error of the dynamic grain weighing was 4.02% and the average yield estimation error was 4.24%, which could meet the requirement of the large feed flow monitoring system. The designing of this test rig provides a development platform for the grain flow sensor.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Combines - Data flow analysis - Elevators - Flow rate - Harvesters - Monitoring - Sensors - Tanks (containers)
Uncontrolled terms:Analysis of signal - Average errors - Average yield - Calibration tests - Combine harvesters - Development platform - External force - Feed flows - Feed-rates - Grain flow  - Grain yield - Graphical programming language - Inclination angles - LabViEW - Multichannel data - National Instruments - Precision Agriculture - Test rigs - Vibration signal - Yield estimation
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 723.1 Computer Programming - 692.2 Elevators - 631 Fluid Flow - 619.2 Tanks
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631011
Title:Characteristics of purple vegetable soil under biogas slurry irrigation
Authors:Yu, Weiwei (1); Zhang, Zhi (1); Luo, Surong (1); Bi, Shenglan (1); Singhal, Naresh (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400045, China; (2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1210, New Zealand
Corresponding author:Yu, W.(yu11237@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:178-184
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Biogas slurry irrigation at Mountain town in the reservoir area of Three Gorges was demanded not only by taking full advantage of dung resources, but also not destroying the growth of plants and soil environment. This research used the wastewater from a dairy farm in the southwest, including grit chamber wastewater (GCW), collection basin wastewater (CBW), anaerobic tank wastewater (ATW), aerobic effluent (AE) and clean water (CW) for parallel irrigation in the greenhouse. The experiments indicated that ATW contained the maximum ammonia nitrogen content of 860 mg/kg in 0-5 cm soil profile sample. In 0-5 cm soil profile samples, the content of nitrate nitrogen in ATW remained the highest with 23.95 mg/kg. In 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil profile samples, the nitrate nitrogen content of the other four test groups increased and reached the final value of 23.67 mg/kg. In 0-5 cm from soil surface the phosphorus content of the five groups were less than 100 mg/kg. The phosphorus absorption coefficient of CW reached a peak value of 570 after half a month. And the maximum content of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate, and available phosphorus were 1355 mg/kg, 24.65 mg/kg, and 163.66 mg/kg respectively. The phosphorus absorption coefficient in the 5th to 9th day was more than 500. According to the research of different irrigation water quality contrasting, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and adsorption, soil bearing capacity test, the load of biogas slurry irrigation provides references to further the reasonable irrigation and the actual operation.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Ammonium compounds - Biogas - Effluents - Grit chambers - Irrigation - Nitrogen - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Reservoirs (water)  - Scanning electron microscopy - Water quality - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption coefficients - Actual operation - Ammonia nitrogen - Ammonium nitrogen - Available phosphorus - Biogas slurry - Clean waters - Dairy farms - Irrigation water quality - Nitrate nitrogen  - Peak values - Phosphorus contents - Reservoir area - Soil bearing capacity - Soil environment - Soil profiles - Soil surfaces - Three Gorges - Vegetable soil
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 741.1 Light/Optics - 522 Gas Fuels - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 441.2 Reservoirs
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631019
Title:Evolution analysis of cultivated land structure characteristics on gully area of loess plateau in 1983-2009
Authors:Zhang, Jianjun (1); Chen, Fengjuan (1); Bai, Jianqin (2); Zhang, Xiaoping (1); Lei, Yongnan (1); Liu, Erjia (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Xinjiashan Forest Bureau, Baoji 721707, China; (3) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(zhangxp@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:232-239
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To clear evolution law of quantitative and spatial structure for cultivated land in the gully area of the Loess Plateau before and after conversion of cropland to forest, taking Changwu county for example, the quantitative and spatial structure of the cultivated land in 1983, 1993, and 2009 in Changwu county were quantitatively analyzed using GIS technology and quantitative indexes based on the fully understanding of connotation of land use structure. The study results showed that the area of cultivated land in Changwu county in 1983, 1993, and 2009 was 292.1, 181.3, 159.2 km², respectively. The reduction of cultivated land mainly occurred in the slope grades of 0-2°, >15-25° and >25°, respectively, with 29.6%, 48.9% and 60.1% from 1983 to 1993 and with 15.6%, 15.7% and 48.8% from 1993 to 2009. The transform between cultivated land and other land types was highly frequent. Cultivated land in gentle slope grades of 0-6° mainly converted to orchard land and residential, mining and traffic land, and cultivated land in steep slope grades of >15° mainly converted to forest land and unused land (waste grassland). The structural analysis showed that the quantitative distribution of the cultivated land in slopes tended to be reasonable, and the patches on gentle slope developed to a spatial structure of core-area-cluster and be uniform, and that on steep slope tended to be scattered distribution as core area. An optimized process was experienced in the last 30a in the study area, the structure evolution of cultivated land was helpful to optimize resources and its allocation, and develop agriculture intensification system. The abandonment of cultivated land in the former period from 1983 to 1993 primarily relied on the planting benefit comparison by farmers themselves, while the conversion of cultivated land to other land use types and the spatial distribution in the latter period from 1993 to 2009 occurred under much scientific planning. This paper provides a useful reference for management and policy formulation of regional land use.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Forestry - Geographic information systems - Landforms - Optimization - Structure (composition)
Uncontrolled terms:Core area - Cultivated lands - Evolution analysis - Evolution law - Forest land - Gentle slopes - GIS technology - Land use type - Land-use structures - Loess Plateau  - Optimized process - Policy formulation - Quantitative structures - Scientific planning - Spatial structure - Steep slope - Structure characteristic - Structure evolution - Study areas
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 481.1 Geology - 723.3 Database Systems - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631013
Title:Vermicomposting treatment of vegetable waste and its greenhouse gas emissions
Authors:Yang, Fan (1); Li, Guoxue (1); Jiang, Tao (1); Zhang, Baoli (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Li, G.(ligx@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:190-196
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Vermicomposting is a new effective method in disposing organic waste these years. In order to investigate the effect and greenhouse gas emission rules of vermicomposting, an experiment of vermicomposting used cow dung and fresh tomato stems as raw material was carried out in earthworm culturing farm, taken conventional-composting as control treatment. The changes of maturity indexes and greenhouse gas emission rules were compared and studied. Results showed that the temperature of vermicomposting was lower than that of conventional-composting, which could not reach the harmless standard (the temperature should be above 50-55°C and lasts for 5-7 days), but the low temperature was beneficial to earthworm, so the earthworms of earthworm increased from (14.6-20.8) × 10³/m³ in 0-10 d to 90.2 × 10³/m³ in the final period. According to the maturity indexes of pH, electric conductivity, C/N ratio and germination index, vermicomposting can shorten the composting cycle and had a higher degree of maturity. Compared with conventional-composting, N losses was reduced by 30.8%, greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 35.9%, CH4, N2O and NH3 by 14.7%, 17.4% and 46.1% respectively for vermicomposting. Therefore, vermicomposting can reduce N losses and greenhouse gas emissions during composting. This study can provide a new approach and reference to organic solid waste recycling and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Waste treatment
Controlled terms:Electric conductivity - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Solid wastes
Uncontrolled terms:C/N ratio - Cow dung - Germination index - Low temperatures - Maturity - Organic solid wastes - Organic wastes - Vegetable wastes - Vermi-composting
Classification code:451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 811 Cellulose, Paper and Wood Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631008
Title:Spatial variability of available phosphorus for cultivated soil based on GARBF neural network
Authors:Xu, Jianbo (1); Song, Lisheng (1); Xia, Zhen (1); Zhang, Qiao (2); Hu, Yueming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Natural Resource and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) Guangdong General Station for Soil and Fertilizer, Guangzhou 510500, China
Corresponding author:Hu, Y.(ymhu163@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:158-165
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to adjust land management measures, use phosphorus fertilizer properly, minimize phosphorus loss and mitigate non-point source pollution of water, 664 soil samples in cultivate horizon were collected in Gaozhou city, Guangdong Province in this study. The radial basis function network optimized by genetic algorithm (GARBF) and Ordinary Kriging methods were applied to reveal the characteristics of spatial variability of cultivated soil variability phosphorus (AP) and its spatial distribution pattern. The results suggested that spatial variability of surface soil AP of cultivated land in Gaozhou city exhibited semi-variance structure, and its semi-variance function fitted exponential and spherical models well. The analysis showed that the spatial correlation in surface cultivated soil AP was weak in the five sampling scales (training sample points were 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500), while unobvious in wide range. Predictions of soil AP in simulation using GARBF neural network was better than that using radial basis function(RBF) neural network (Near-RBF) prediction model based on several closest neighbors and Ordinary Kriging method. In practical application, the spatial interpolation map by GARBF neural network method with 300 soil samples showed a serious trend of surplus phosphate in cropping in Gaozhou city. Diffusive surplus phosphorus made a serious threat to the water environment in this region. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for predicting soil property spatial distribution accurately, using fertilizer properly and mitigating non-point source pollution of water.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Interpolation - Land use - Neural networks - Phosphate fertilizers - Phosphorus - Radial basis function networks - Soil surveys - Soils - Spatial distribution - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Available phosphorus - Cultivated lands - Cultivated soils - Guangdong Province - Land managements - Neural network method - Non-point source pollution - Ordinary kriging - Phosphorus fertilizer - Phosphorus loss  - Prediction model - Radial basis function neural networks - Soil property - Soil sample - Spatial correlations - Spatial distribution patterns - Spatial interpolation - Spatial variability - Spherical models - Surface soil  - Technical support - Theoretical basis - Training sample - Water environments
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 453 Water Pollution - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631028
Title:Comparison of physicochemical and gelation properties of pectins extracted from six pericarps
Authors:Gao, Jianhua (1); Dai, Siqi (1); Liu, Jiaming (1); Li, Jiajia (1); Li, Min (1); Cai, Qiao (1); Ren, Jiaoyan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Corresponding author:Ren, J.(jyren@scut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:288-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to supply useful information to guide the practical production of pectins, the pectins extracted from six pericarps (shaddock peel, passionflower peel, navel orange peel, pomegranate rind, durian shell, sunflower head) were studied for their physicochemical and gelation properties. The recovery, color, viscosity, pectic acid content, methoxy content, the degree of esterification and gelation properties of pectins from the six pericarps were determined. The molecular weights of pectins were exactly analyzed by HPLC. The results showed the pectins of shaddock peel, sunflower head, navel orange peel and passionflower peel were 18.06%, 14.61%, 14.43% and 8.76%, respectively, while those in pomegranate rind and durian shell were low (<3%). The molecular weights of pomegranate rind and navel orange peel pectin were larger than 1000 kDa, and that of the sunflower head was the lowest (483 kDa). Besides, these pectins demonstrated low viscosity (<25 centipoise), which was proved to be the highest at pH value 7.0 and the lowest at pH value 5.0. Pomegranate rind demonstrated the largest molecular weight and the strongest gelatin strength, which was high methoxy pectin, and the recovery was very low. As a comparison, pectins extracted from sunflower head exhibited low molecular weight, high recovery, which was low methoxy pectin, since it could form good gelatin with or without the presence of sugar, which was proved to be a good material for pectin production.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Molecular weight
Controlled terms:Chemical properties - Gelation - pH - Physical properties - Recovery - Textures - Viscosity
Uncontrolled terms:Gelation properties - Low molecular weight - Low viscosity - Methoxy - Methoxy pectin - Navel orange - Pectic acid - Pectin - pH value - Practical production
Classification code:933 Solid State Physics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 801 Chemistry - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630993
Title:Numerical analysis and performance test on diving tubular pumping system with symmetric aerofoil blade
Authors:Yang, Fan (1); Jin, Yan (1); Liu, Chao (1); Tang, Fangping (1); Cheng, Li (1); Yang, Hua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Hydrodynamic Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Corresponding author:Liu, C.(liuchao@yzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:60-67
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the characteristics of urban flood protection and drainage pump stations, two sets of dividing tubular pumping systems with symmetric aerofoil blade were developed. The three-dimensional fluid flow inside a diving tubular pumping system on dual-directional operation was described using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology. The effect of bulb section on the hydraulic performance of pumping system was analyzed, which included the hydraulic loss of bulb section, the internal flow of guide vane and the hydraulic performance of "S" shape impeller vane. Verification and analysis were done to the effectiveness of the numerical simulation results by model test. The results demonstrated that the internal flow pattern of guide vane was steady in the reverse operation conditions, while the flow pattern became turbulent, flow deviation and vortex were appeared in 4 and 5 m³/s of the main operation conditions. The hydraulic performance of pumping system in reverse operation conditions was better than that in main operation conditions, and axial force of impellers in which was smaller than that in reverse operation conditions. By comparing the comprehensive property index of two sets of pumping system, structure size of pumping system provided a reference for diving tubular pumping device. Diffusion angle of guide vane was 3°, the length of bulb and pumping system was 2.43 and 13.45D, respectively, and the diameter of bulb was 0.46 D. Bulb has streamlined tail and five supporting parts.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Pumping plants
Controlled terms:Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Flood control - Flow patterns - Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulic models - Impellers - Numerical analysis - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Aerofoil blades - Axial forces - Comprehensive properties - Drainage pumps - Guide vane - Hydraulic loss - Hydraulic performance - Internal flow patterns - Internal flows - Model tests  - Operation conditions - Performance tests - Pumping systems - Structure sizes - Test - Urban floods
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 723.5 Computer Applications - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 632.1 Hydraulics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 454.1 Environmental Engineering, General - 446 Waterworks
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631025
Title:Process optimization of polysaccharides extraction from Chlorella pyrenoidosa based on ultrasound assisted by freezing and thawing
Authors:Wei, Wenzhi (1); Fu, Lixia (1); Chen, Guohong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Corresponding author:Chen, G.(ghchen@yzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:270-274
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to optimize the technology for the water extraction of polysaccharides from Chlorella pyrenoidosa, orthogonal test considering four factors including the ratio of water to raw material, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time and extraction times were conducted. Free proteins were removed by TCA method. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were obtained as follows: the ratio of water to raw material was 15, extracting temperature was 600 W, extracting time was 6 min and extracting times was 2, which led to estimated values of maximal yield of polysaccharides of 5.918%. Conditions of free proteins removed by TCA method was pH4 and the recovery rate of purified polysaccharides was up to 57.84%, which provide an industrial reference for developing new processes of polysaccharides production from Chlorella pyrenoidosa.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Polysaccharides
Controlled terms:Algae - Extraction - Optimization - Proteins - Ultrasonic waves - Ultrasonics
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorella pyrenoidosa - Deproteinization - Extraction conditions - Freezing and thawing - Orthogonal test - Recovery rate - Ultrasonic power - Water extraction
Classification code:461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631001
Title:Simulated effects and adaptive evaluation of different canopies rainfall interception models in Loess Plateau
Authors:She, Dongli (1); Liu, Yingying (2); Shao, Ming'an (3); Chen, Youlin (2); Peng, Shizhang (1); Zhou, Beibei (4)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100100, China; (4) Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
Corresponding author:Shao, M.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:115-120
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the hydro-ecological effects of canopy rainfall interception, we measured and simulated the dynamics of canopy interception for Korshinsk peashrub and Apricot in the Loess Plateau. Measurement results showed that the canopy interception were significantly different between the two kinds vegetation. The interception increased with the increase of rainfall for Korshinsk peashrub tree stand, and the steady interception rate was about 15%. Comparatively, the interception rate was relative low for Apricot tree stand for its 'funnel-shaped' canopy, especially, when the rainfall was lower than 5 mm. There are no significant relationship between the interception rate of Apricot canopy and rainfall, and the steady interception rate was about 10%. About the simulation of Interception laws of Caragana Korshinskii, the determination coefficient of rainfall and canopy density was 0.74 in Cui's interception model, in which including variables of rainfall and canopy density, and the determination coefficient of simulation was 0.68 in the Wang's interception model, in which variable is rainfall. However, there was no better simulation result of the two models for the 'funnel-shaped' canopy of apricot tree stand.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Forestry - Models - Rain - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Adaptive evaluation - Apricot - Canopy density - Canopy interception - Caragana Korshinskii - Determination coefficients - Korshinsk peashrub - Loess Plateau - Measurement results - Rainfall interception  - Simulation - Tree stands
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631004
Title:Calculation and analysis of agricultural soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss in Yongding River Basin
Authors:Fu, Yicheng (1); Ruan, Benqing (1); Xu, Fengran (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of River Basin Water Cycle, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
Corresponding author:Fu, Y.(swfyc@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:133-139
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the uncertain problem of calculation of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the soils, considering the difference of combination type between nitrate, ammonium and soil particle, quantitative evaluation method of nitrogen losses based on nitrogen cycle was established for calculating the Yongding River Basin soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss. Combined with the characteristics of closely relationship between the movement of phosphorus and soil styles, phosphorus loss based on farmland runoff was determined by computing the content of dissolved phosphorus and particulate phosphorus. Amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in Yongding River Basin were 96 kg/hm² and 9 kg/hm², respectively; the differences of which among the basin was significant. The soil and characteristics of chemical fertilization application were considered in the method of calculation of nitrogen and phosphrus loss amout, so the results of calculation was reasonable and suitable for the study area. The study provides a reference for calculation of nitrogen and phosphrus loss and agricultural point source pollution control.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Agricultural runoff
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonium compounds - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Soils - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural soils - Dissolved phosphorus - Method of calculation - Nitrate loss - Nitrogen cycles - Nitrogen loss - Particulate phosphorus - Phosphorus loss - Point source pollution - Quantitative evaluation methods  - Soil particles - Study areas - Yongding river
Classification code:444.1 Surface Water - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631021
Title:Regulation and energy consumption analysis on frequency ventilation system of fresh-keeping truck with controlled atmosphere
Authors:Lü, Enli (1); Lu, Huazhong (1); Han, Xiaoteng (1); Guo, Jiaming (2); Wang, Guanghai (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) College of Automotive, Guangdong Jidian Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510515, China
Corresponding author:Lu, H.(huazlu@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:248-253
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To resolve the high energy consumption present in ventilation system and vast weight loss in fruits and vegetable during fresh-keeping transportation, an experimental platform with frequency conversion ventilation system and controlled atmosphere system was established. The frequency of ventilator was altered to research the regulating characteristics of variable air volume on working performance of devices including liquid nitrogen injecting equipments, refrigerator, ultrasonic humidifier and air interchanger. To meet the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping requirements and minimize energy consumption, the ventilator frequency was optimized for improving the work performance of the devices. Frequency conversion ventilation system was designed, and the energy consumption of fixed frequency ventilation system and measurement were compared. The results indicated that frequency conversion ventilation system could meet fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping requirements, and the energy consumption of which was less than fixed frequency ventilation system at 15.2%. The energy consumption of frequency conversion ventilator was less than fixed frequency ventilator at 81.8%. The design on frequency conversion ventilation system could provide a reference for the improvement of fresh-keeping transportation technology with controlled atmosphere.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Ventilation
Controlled terms:Energy utilization - Fruits - Liquid nitrogen - Optical frequency conversion - Protective atmospheres - Refrigeration - Ultrasonic waves - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Controlled atmosphere systems - Energy consumption analysis - Experimental platform - Fixed frequency - Fruit and vegetables - High energy consumption - Performance of devices - Transportation technology - Ultrasonic humidifiers - Variable air volume  - Ventilation systems - Weight loss - Work performance
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 741.1.1 Nonlinear Optics - 644.4 Cryogenics - 643.5 Ventilation - 525.3 Energy Utilization
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631003
Title:Quantitative evaluation of slope stability on check-dams at different siltation heights
Authors:Gao, Haidong (1); Li, Zhanbin (1); Li, Peng (2); Jia, Lianlian (3)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Key Lab. of Northwest Water Resources and Environment Ecology of Ministry, Education at Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; (3) Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau, Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Xi'an 710021, China
Corresponding author:Li, Z.(zbli@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:127-132
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To evaluate the effects of check dams on slope stability, slope stability model based on GIS was adopted in this study. According to the measured soil mechanics parameters and the data of field survey to landslide sites, the slope stability with the check dam deposited to different siltation heights were analyzed. The results showed that the defended slope zone was decreased and the stable slope zone was increased with the increasing of the siltation heights of check dams. The percentage of steep slope area (≥45°) was decreased with the increasing of the siltation heights, and exhibited a linear relationship with the defended slope zone. The "flooding effect" was summarized in the deposition process of check dams. Sediment deposition not only changed the valley slope constitution and shortened the slope length, but also changed the cover-manegement factors and support practice factors. The study provides a reference for check dams building.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Slope stability
Controlled terms:Dams - Piles - Slope protection - Soil mechanics - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Check dam - Deposition process - Field surveys - Linear relationships - Quantitative evaluation - Sediment deposition - Slope length - Slope zone - Stability models - Steep slope  - Valley slopes
Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 441.1 Dams - 444.1 Surface Water - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631016
Title:Land use change in China and analysis of its driving forces using CLUE-S and Dinamica EGO model
Authors:Gao, Zhiqiang (1); Yi, Wei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Geographical Sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China; (2) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Gao, Z.(gaoland@gmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:208-216
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to analyze the driving mechanism and to predict land use change of China in the future, CLUE-S(the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional extent) and Dinamica EGO(environment for geoprocessing objects) model were used to simulate land use change in China from 2000 to 2020 based on the land use data in 2000 and 2005 from Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences (RESDC). With Logistic regression and Bayesian estimation, land use suitability and spatial characters of driving factors of land use change from 2000 to 2005 in China were analyzed. The simulation results in 2005 indicated that, the predictions of LUCC (land use change in China) with CLUE-S and Dinamica EGO matched broadly with actual situation and CLUE-S was better than Dinamica EGO model in overall accuracy. However, the Markov process in Dinamica EGO could precisely predict the amount of land use change and the spatial pattern was consistent with empirical result. The simulation results of land use in 2020 showed that areas of farmland, forest, water and construction land would increase, while grassland would decrease largely. Unused land would increase with CLUE-S model but decrease with Dinamica EGO model. This article serves as the scientific foundation for land resource plan and farmland protection policy in China.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Bayesian networks - Farms - Forecasting - Logistics - Markov processes - Models
Uncontrolled terms:Bayesian estimations - China - Chinese Academy of Sciences - CLUE-S(the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional extent) - Construction land - Data centers - Driving factors - Driving forces - Driving mechanism - Environmental science  - Geoprocessing - Land resources - Land use suitability - Land-use change - Logistic regressions - Protection policy - Spatial patterns
Classification code:921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 921 Mathematics - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 922.1 Probability Theory - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631023
Title:Effect of ozone treatment on storage quality for fresh-cut green peppers
Authors:Hu, Yunfeng (1); Chen, Junran (1); Xiao, Juan (1); Hu, Hanyan (1); Zhou, Qingli (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (2) Tianjin Food Engineering Center, Tianjin 300457, China
Corresponding author:Hu, Y.(hu-yf@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:259-263
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the effect of ozone on storage quality for fresh-cut vegetables, changes of hardness, chlorophyll content, Vc content, the total number of colonies and sensory quality of fresh-cut green peppers were studied at 2.14, 4.28, 6.42 and 8.56 mg/cm³ mass concentrations of ozone when stored at 5-8°C. The results showed that the appropriate concentration of ozone could significantly inhibit the decrease of the chlorophyll content, Vc content, sensory quality, hardness of the fresh-cut green peppers and played a significant role in sterilization. Under the treatment with ozone of 6.42 mg/cm³ for 15min, the sensory evaluation of fresh-cut green peppers was 32 score with fresh color, taste, smell quality when the fresh-cut green peppers were stored at 5-8°C for 6 days. Treatment with ozone of 2.14 mg/cm³ had little effect on storage quality, and that of 8.56 mg/cm³ was less effective than the untreated group due to the high concentration. The results can provide references for storage of fresh-cut vegetables.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Ozone
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Hardness - Microorganisms - Refrigeration - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll contents - Fresh-cut - Green pepper - High concentration - Mass concentration - Ozone treatment - Sensory evaluation - Sensory qualities - Storage quality
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 644.4 Cryogenics - 461.9 Biology - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631024
Title:Kinetics and thermodynamics analysis of apple polyphenols adsorption by aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres
Authors:Yuan, Yahong (1); Cai, Luyang (1); Yue, Tianli (1); Gao, Zhenpeng (1); Zhao, Xubo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Yuan, Y.(yuan324@msn.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:264-269
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The aim of this study was to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of apple polyphenols adsorption by aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres. The pseudo-first-order kinetics model, pseudo-second-order kinetics model, Elovich equation and pore diffusion equation were used to fit the adsorption kinetics process. Three isothermal adsorption models (Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin) were used to analysis adsorption thermodynamics properties. The results showed that adsorption kinetics process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Adsorption rate constant, initial adsorption rate and equilibrium adsorption content tended to increase with the increasing of the temperature, and adsorption amount was higher. Adsorption thermodynamics conformed to Freundlich isothermal adsorption model. The results of thermodynamic parameters ΔG was below zero, ΔH was above zero, and ΔS was above zero. Which indicated that the adsorption of apple polyphenols to aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres was a spontaneous and exothermic process with the increasing of entropy. The kinetics and thermodynamics process can provide technical basis for the adsorption process of apple polyphenols using aminated magnetic chitosan microspheres.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Adsorption
Controlled terms:Dyes - Enzyme kinetics - Fruits - Isotherms - Kinetics - Microspheres - Partial differential equations - Phenols - Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption amounts - Adsorption kinetics - Adsorption process - Adsorption rates - Adsorption thermodynamics - Elovich equations - Equilibrium adsorption - Exothermic process - Freundlich - Initial adsorption  - Isothermal adsorption - Kinetics and thermodynamics - Langmuirs - Magnetic chitosan - Polyphenols - Pore diffusion - Pseudo second order kinetics - Pseudo-first order kinetics - Thermodynamic parameter
Classification code:931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921.2 Calculus - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 818 Rubber and Elastomers - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 641.1 Thermodynamics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630986
Title:Simulation and experiment of reciprocating cutter dynamics of cotton stalk under no-load
Authors:Song, Zhanhua (1); Tian, Fuyang (1); Zhang, Shifu (1); Li, Fade (1); Fan, Yuntao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machineries and Equipments, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory for Agricultural Production Machinery and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Li, F.(li_fade@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:17-22
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to quickly and reliably measure the cutting resistance and power dissipation of the cutter under no-load, a reciprocating cutter of cotton stalk was taken as an object of simulation and experiment. It was driven by deflection crank-connecting rod mechanism, its virtual prototype was designed by Solid Works and dynamic simulation was studied under no-load using ADAMS. An experimental analysis of cutting peak resistance and vibrating force on frame was made using response surface methodology based on simulation data. Results showed that the cutting peak resistance and vibrating force on frame was the minimum when average cutting speed of cutter knife was 0.8 m/s, clump weight was 1.5 kg, and set on 170° lagging behind crank position. The minimum values were 450 and 380 N. The experimental researches on changes of the cutting resistance with the average cutter cutting speed under no-load were made on the developed reciprocating cotton cutting test-bed, their results were compared with simulation data. Results showed that the relative error of cutting peak resistance and vibrating force on frame between the simulation and experimental data was 7% and 7.7%, respectively. The simulation result was reliable and could be regarded as a reference for restituting the experimental data. This research provides a design reference for development of low power consumption cutting harvesting equipment.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Loads (forces)
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Computer simulation - Cotton - Cutting - Cutting tools - Digital storage - Dynamics - Experiments - Surface properties
Uncontrolled terms:Cotton stalk - Crank-connecting rod mechanisms - Cutter dynamics - Cutting resistance - Cutting speed - Experimental analysis - Experimental research - Low-power consumption - Minimum value - No-load  - Relative errors - Response surface method - Response surface methodology - Simulation - Simulation data - Virtual prototype
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931.1 Mechanics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 723.5 Computer Applications - 722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408 Structural Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631006
Title:Growth model improvement and visual simulation of plants sharing light resource
Authors:Dong, Tianyang (1); Zhang, Cui (1); Fan, Jing (1); Chen, Qiaohong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Corresponding author:Fan, J.(fanjing@zjut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:145-152
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to simulate the growth of plants sharing light resource more realistically, a method of modeling the growth of plants sharing the sunlight in the same area was presented in this paper. Considering the aspects of shape and darkness degree, the model was developed based on FON model. Furthermore, some geographical and biologic factors were used in this method, such as the latitude value of the location of plants, shading rate, and the light sensitivity attribute of plants in order to more truly simulate the growth of plants sharing the sunlight. In order to verify the availability of this method, the biomass of the mixed forest for northeast China manchurian ash and larch was analyzed and compared based on the simulation result. In addition, a simulation system of plants sharing light resource was implemented which could simulate and visualize the growth phenomenon of the plants with different competition status. The simulation results showed that the method of modeling the growth of plants sharing the sunlight in the same area could simulate the plant growth accurately and be applied to the actual simulation of plant growth.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Agriculture - Growth (materials) - Models
Uncontrolled terms:Growth models - Growth phenomena - Light resources - Method of modeling - Mixed forests - Northeast China - Photon flux densities - Plant growth - Plants - Shading rate  - Simulation systems - Visual simulation
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631022
Title:Effects of hypobaric storage on softening and cell wall metabolism of Xinjiang kuqa apricot fruits
Authors:Wang, Pin (1); Gao, Haiyan (1); Zhou, Yongjun (1); Fang, Xiangjun (1); Mao, Jinlin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (2) School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Gao, H.(spsghy@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:254-258
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the effectiveness of hypobaric storage on postharvest of kuqa apricot fruits, the effects of hypobaric storage on softening and cell wall metabolism of Xingjiang kuqa apricot were investigated. The results showed the ethylene production and respiratory rates of kuqa apricot with hypobaric storage were significantly reduced; and the activities of polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME), and cellulase enzymes were significantly retarded during storage at 0°C. So the hydrolysis of protopectin and cellulose were decreased. This study suggested that 50 kPa of the hypobaric storage was the best in maintaining fruit firmness and extending the postharvest life of kuqa apricot fruits. The research provides a basis for hypobaric storage mechanism of Xingjiang kuqa apricot fruits.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Energy storage - Enzyme activity - Ethylene - Metabolism - Physiology
Uncontrolled terms:Apricot fruits - Cell walls - Cellulase enzyme - Ethylene production - Fruit firmness - Hypobaric storage - Pectin methylesterase - Polygalacturonase - Postharvest - Protopectin  - Respiratory rate - Softening - Xinjiang
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630998
Title:Water consumption property of naked oat irrigated by negative pressure water supplying equipment and its physiological responses to soil humidity
Authors:Lin, Yechun (1); Qian, Xin (1); Zeng, Zhaohai (1); Ren, Changzhong (2); Xu, Cuihua (2); Guo, Laichun (2); Wang, Chunlong (2); Yang, Yong (1); Hu, Yuegao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng 137000, Jilin Province, China
Corresponding author:Hu, Y.(huyuegao@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:93-99
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The objective of this study was to define further characters of water consumption and physiological responses at different soil humidity in naked oat. Pot experiment I was conducted to investigate transpiration coefficient among naked oat, maize, sorghum, barley and spring wheat, and supplied water by a hydraulic pressure-controlled auto irrigator. In pot experiment II, three heights of pressure-adjusting pipe (i.e. 40, 60 and 80 cm) were used to make three levels of soil humidity (high humidity-moderate humidity-low humidity) to evaluate light responses and antioxidant enzyme activities of leaves at booting stage in naked oat. The results showed that the transpiration coefficient of naked oat was 455.37, significantly (P < 0.05) higher than other's crops. Lower soil humidity decreased SPAD, however, leaf photosynthetic ability was not significantly (P > 0.05) restrained when appropriate to reduce soil humidity. Improving leaf water use efficiency was improved when appropriately increasing the degree of stomatal limitation. Leaf antioxidant enzyme activities showed different responses to three levels of soil humidity. SOD was significantly induced in moderate humidity, but POD and CAT were improved in high and low humidity, respectively. The results suggested that naked oat was a kind of crop required more water and low water use efficiency with higher stomatal conductance and lower net photosynthetic rate and leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities were not significantly decreased when reducing appropriately soil humidity.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Water supply
Controlled terms:Crops - Enzyme activity - Experiments - Hydraulic fluids - Physiology - Soil moisture - Transpiration
Uncontrolled terms:Antioxidant enzyme activity - Leaf photosynthesis - Leaf water - Light response - Low humidity - Low water - Naked oat - Negative pressures - Net photosynthetic rate - Physiological response  - Pot experiment - Soil humidity - Spring wheat - Stomatal conductance - Stomatal limitations - Water consumption - Water supplying
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 632.1 Hydraulics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631027
Title:Mechanical damage test and biomechanical characteristics of red bayberry fruit
Authors:Ma, Xiaoli (1); Chen, Xiaoying (1); Yan, Yusi (2); Jiang, Xiaoying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China; (2) College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Corresponding author:Ma, X.(maxl@foxmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:282-287
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the injury mechanism and laws on red bayberry picked by mechanical arms, based on usual mechanical damage forms such as compression, clamp and fall on under the condition of a robot manipulator picking fruits, mechanical damage experimental program was designed, biological traits of phenotype and ripening degree of red bayberry was analyzed. According to the model theory of elastic mechanics on contact between ball and plane and the test data, biomechanical characteristics on red bayberry fruits were deduced. The results analysis could obtain the elastic coefficient C, most contact stress q and characteristic equations and relation curves about several kinds of mechanical damage of red bayberry fruit. This will provide some references for the design and picking control about manipulator of robot for harvesting red bayberry robot.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Stresses
Controlled terms:Biomechanics - Elasticity - Fruits - Machine design - Machinery - Manipulators - Mechanization - Robot applications
Uncontrolled terms:Biological traits - Biomechanical characteristics - Characteristic equation - Contact Stress - Damage - Elastic coefficient - Elastic mechanics - Experimental program - Injury mechanisms - Mechanical arm  - Mechanical damages - Model theory - Red bayberry - Robot manipulator - Test data
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 731.6 Robot Applications - 731.5 Robotics - 601 Mechanical Design - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631015
Title:Effect of biological aerated filter on corn silage effluent treatment
Authors:Zou, Haiming (1); Wang, Yan (1); Li, Feiyue (1); Li, Yonggang (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; (2) School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; (3) Dairy Farm of Fengyang in Anhui, Fengyang 233100, China
Corresponding author:Zou, H.(hmzou@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:203-207
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigated the effect of biological aerated filter on corn silage effluent, four main influencing factors (hydraulic loading, gas-water, organic loading and filter bed height) on BAF system were studied in this experiment. The results showed that the removal rate of COD and NH3-N were increased at first and then decreased under 0.5 m³/(m²·h) to 3.0 m³/(m²·h) of hydraulic loading; with 1.5 m³/(m²·h) of hydraulic loading, the maximum of the removal rate of COD and NH3-N obtained were 83.5%, 74.9%, respectively. The removal rate of COD and NH3-N were increased with the increasing of the gas-water ratio at the gas-water ratio of 3.5:1; the removal rate of COD and NH3-N reached the highest, at 87.5% and 75.2%, respectively. The removal rate of COD and NH3-N was 49.6% and 58.5% with 2.4 kg/(³·d) of the organic loading COD, respectively, reached the maximum(80.9% and 75.9%, respectively) with 4.8 kg/(m³·d) of the organic loading COD, and was low with 7.2 kg/(m³·d) high organic loading, about 61.7%. The influences of filter bed height upon NH3-N removal were extremely significant, the removal rate of NH3-N at the height range 0.6 to 1.0 m was higher than the others. Therefore, it is feasible and effective to treat corn silage effluent by BAF system. The results provide useful references for wastewater treatment and rural water environmental quality control.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Loading
Controlled terms:Barium compounds - Biofilters - Biological filter beds - Effluent treatment - Effluents - Nitrogen removal - Turbines - Wastewater
Uncontrolled terms:Bed height - Biological aerated filter - Corn silage - Corn silage-effluent - Environmental quality - Gas-water - High organic loading - Hydraulic loading - Influencing factor - N removal  - Organic loadings - Removal rate - Rural waters
Classification code:452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 612.3 Gas Turbines and Engines - 672 Naval Vessels - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631014
Title:Characteristics of hydrogen production from anaerobic co-fermentation of pig manure and potato pulp
Authors:Liu, Shuang (1); Li, Wenzhe (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Li, W.(liwenzhe9@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:197-202
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to increase anaerobic hydrogen production capacity and stability using complex materials, effects of pig manure (PM)/potato pulp (PP) mass ratio on specific hydrogen production rate (SHPR), VS degradation rate (VDR), and composition of dissolved fermentation products were investigated. Results showed that substrate composite affected the metabolism pathway of anaerobic hydrogen fermentation significantly. With sole PP as substrate, SHPR peaked at 31.55 mL/g, at the same time VDR was 29.43%, and butyrate-type fermentation was formed. When PM/PP ratio ranged from 10:70 to 40:40, acetate-type fermentation replaced butyrate-type fermentation, and higher SHPR (22.48-24.18 mL/g) and VDR (28.31%-32.93%) levels were maintained. When further increased PM/PP ratio from 50:30 to 80:0, limitation of fermentation was presented due to high concentration of ammonia, and SHPR and VDR declined sharply. Modified Gompertz model could fit well the change of the accumulative hydrogen production with time, its kinetic parameters such as maximum hydrogen yield, maximum hydrogen production rate and lag time can be regarded as the important evaluation index for metabolic process of hydrogen production from mixed materials fermentation. This study provides a reference and foundation for the optimization of hydrogen production from anaerobic co-fermentation of mixing materials.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Degradation - Hydrogen - Hydrogen production - Mammals - Manures - Metabolism - Pulp materials - Substrates - Volatile fatty acids
Uncontrolled terms:Cofermentation - Complex materials - Degradation rate - Evaluation index - Fermentation products - High concentration - Hydrogen fermentation - Hydrogen production rate - Hydrogen yields - Lag-time  - Mass ratio - Metabolic process - Mixed materials - Mixing materials - Modified-Gompertz model - Pig manures - Potato pulp - Specific hydrogen production rate
Classification code:821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.2 Biochemistry - 801 Chemistry - 522 Gas Fuels - 461.9 Biology - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631012
Title:Calculation of pollutants producing and discharging coefficients of heifers and lactating dairy cows in large-scale dairy farms
Authors:Luan, Dongmei (1); Li, Shiping (1); Ma, Jun (2); Sun, Li (1); Li, Wenzhe (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (2) Heilongjiang Vocational College of Biology Science and Technology, Harbin 150025, China; (3) College of Agricultural Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Li, W.(liwenzhe9@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:185-189
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To provide basic parameters for environmental engineering facilities in large-scale dairy farms, the pollutants producing and discharging coefficients in heifers and lactating dairy cows were assessed for large-scale dairy farms in Heilongjiang province. The results showed that the pollutants producing coefficients of feces, urine, chemical oxygen demand(COD), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphrus(TP), Cu, and Zn for each heifer were 15.77 kg/d, 7.23 L/d, 2132.49 g/d, 112.82 g/d, 50.28 g/d, 96.04 mg/d, and 461.89 mg/d, respectively; and those for each lactating dairy cow were 33.47 kg/d, 16.34 L/d, 4 265.58 g/d, 270.88 g/d, 182.99 g/d, 196.34 mg/d, and 979.09 mg/d, respectively. The pollutants discharging coefficients of COD, TN, TP, Cu, and Zn for each heifer were 540.39 g/d, 34.34 g/d, 13.29 g/d, 18.37 mg/d, and 91.06 mg/d, respectively; and those for each lactating dairy cow were 1000.58 g/d, 85.29 g/d, 59.65 g/d, 39.64 mg/d, and 213.31 mg/d, respectively. The rate of fecal collection for heifers and lactating dairy cows were 73.31% and 69.93%, respectively. About 20%-30% of pollutants produced by large-scale dairy farms were leaked into environment in Heilongjiang province.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Chemical oxygen demand - Environmental impact - Pollution - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Basic parameters - Dairy cow - Dairy farms - Heifers - Pollutants discharging coefficients - Pollutants producing coefficients - Total nitrogen
Classification code:453 Water Pollution - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630984
Title:Inter-provincial allocation of land consolidation fund and effects of land consolidation in China
Authors:Jin, Xiaobin (1); Ding, Ning (1); Zhang, Zhihong (1); Zhou, Yinkang (1); Yang, Xilian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (2) China Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Beijing 100029, China
Corresponding author:Jin, X.(jinxb@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-9
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to research the effect of inter-provincial distribution scheme of new construction land compensation fee by the central government (CGNCOCF) on land consolidation under different goals of fund allocation, based on analysis of the allocation and using objective of new construction land compensation fee (NCOCF), the inter-provincial distribution scheme of new construction land compensation fee by the central government was optimized. A BP neural network model was built to reflect the relationship between the distribution amount of CGNCOCF and dynamic change of land consolidation efficiency, and land consolidation expected efficiency under the different allocation scheme of CGNCOCF was simulated. The results showed that the related factors had significant effect on the allocation efficiency of CGNCOCF at different allocation goals, and selection of the factors and determination of weights should be set up flexibly according to the different allocation targets. The main conclusions of this paper were that at the same distribution target of CPNCOCF, the social benefit was the highest among the land consolidation efficiencies that the CGNCOCF generated, economic benefit was the higher, and the ecological benefit was the lowest. The excepted benefits of allocation scheme of CGNCOCF arranged from high to low as: the comprehensive efficiency goals, land use efficiency targets, and cultivated land protection objective, resource allocation and fair target. The distribution of the fee under comprehensive efficiency targets was the optimal scheme. The land consolidation benefits of each province were different according to different distribution target of CGNCOCF and benefits of land consolidation target, but overall the growth ratio of benefit value was higher compared to reality after optimizing, which showed that the land consolidation benefits increased after the optimization of CGNCOCF.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Efficiency
Controlled terms:Design - Economics - Land use - Neural networks - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:BP neural network model - Central government - Compensation fees - Cultivated lands - Different distributions - Distribution scheme - Dynamic changes - Ecological benefits - Economic benefits - Fund allocation  - High-to-low - Land consolidation's expected benefit - Land use efficiency - New constructions - Optimal scheme - Social benefits
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 408 Structural Design - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630996
Title:Stress analysis of frost heave for precast concrete panel lining trapezoidal cross-section channel
Authors:Shen, Xiangdong (1); Zhang, Yupei (1); Wang, Liping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inter Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (2) Hohhot Saihan District Water Authority, Hohhot 010020, China
Corresponding author:Shen, X.(ndsxd@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:80-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore forces problem of frost damage forms of precast concrete panels lined canals in cold areas, the damage mechanism was studied based on the field observation and experiments. On this basis, with a reasonable assumption combined with the basic theory of mechanics, the lining structure by the frost heaving damage mechanics model was developed, formula of the maximum internal stress of the lining channel bottom board was developed. The maximum frost force was determined in accordance with the relevant specifications or experimental maximum freezing power, which could solve the internal stresses of the precast concrete panels. Three judgment criterions on the frost heaving damage of the structure in engineering practice were developed. The study provides references to the design of precast concrete panel lined trapezoidal cross-section channel in the cold areas.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Precast concrete
Controlled terms:Concrete buildings - Concrete slabs - Drainage - Linings - Mechanisms - Stress analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Basic theory - Cold area - Damage mechanics model - Damage mechanism - Engineering practices - Field observations - Frost - Frost damage - Frost heave - Frost heaving  - Lining structure - Mechanical model - Precast concrete panels
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 601.3 Mechanisms - 502 Mines and Quarry Equipment and Operations - 442 Flood Control; Land Reclamation - 412 Concrete - 406 Highway Engineering - 401 Bridges and Tunnels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631010
Title:Influencing analysis of diurnal temperature on yield-forming factors of tomato at seedling stage
Authors:Mao, Liping (1); Li, Yaling (1); Wen, Xiangzhen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (2) Institute of Vegetables, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(yalingli1988@yahoo.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:172-177
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to understand the effects of diurnal temperature at seedling stage on the growth, development and yield of tomato plants, experiments were carried out using climate box(SPX-250IC) under the average temperature of 20°C. Diurnal temperature were 0(day temperature and night temperature were 20 and 20°C), 6(day temperature and night temperature were 23 and 17°C)and 12°C(day temperature and night temperature were 26 and 14°C), respectively. Floral bud differentiation, matter accumulation, flowering, fruiting and yield characteristics were studied under 3 DIFs above. The results showed that compared with diurnal temperature of 0, dry matter accumulation of per plant were increased by 48.77%-55.73%, floral bud differentiation was advanced, the number of floral bud was decreased by 17.0%-18.2% on 28th day under diurnal temperature of 12. Though the average time of flowering and fruiting of the first 3 trusses were advanced by 2.3d and 1.9 d after transplantation, yield were decreased by 14.3%-16.3% because of the number of floral bud, flower and fruit were decreased by 9.2%-19.7%, 12.4%-23.3% and 1.5%-30.0%, respectively, and fruit number per plant in the end was decreased by 5.8%-17.0%, fruit mass was decreased by 7.8%-8.3%. However, dry matter was too lower to gain a sustainable high yield under diurnal temperature of 0. Particularly, dry matter under diurnal temperature of 6°C was increased significantly compared with diurnal temperature of 0, the number of flower and fruit were increased, and fruit matter and yield were increased significantly compared with diurnal temperature of 12°C. As a whole, it was conclusion that diurnal temperature of 6°C was the point of the balance among the dry matter accumulation, floral bud differentiation and post-production, which was benefit for the growth and the production of tomato plants. This research provides a reference for the control of temperature in raising seedlings of tomato plants.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Factor analysis - Growth (materials) - Seed - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Diurnal temperatures - Flower buds - Flowering - Tomato - Yield characteristics
Classification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415630995
Title:Establish of evaluation system for integrated agricultural mechanization engineering technology
Authors:Huang, Guangqun (1); Han, Lujia (1); Liu, Xian (1); Yang, Zengling (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Han, L.(hanlj@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:74-79
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the demand of effectiveness evaluation for integrated agricultural mechanization engineering technology, evaluation system and method were established. Adequately considering the overall efficiency of economics, social ecology, functionality and conditionity, systematic framework and methods for the evaluation system of integrated agricultural mechanization engineering technology were built with the purpose of engineering applications. Based on the established methods, general index and weight systems for agricultural mechanization engineering integration technology were initially built.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Engineering technology
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Engineering - Mechanization
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural mechanization - Effectiveness evaluation - Engineering applications - Evaluation system - General index - Integration technologies - Method - Overall efficiency - Systematic framework
Classification code:601 Mechanical Design - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901 Engineering Profession
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124415631020
Title:Coupling relationship of ecological agricultural system of commodities in Ansai county based on structural equation model
Authors:Li, Qirui (1); Wang, Jijun (1); Guo, Mancai (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (3) College of Science, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (4) Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg 15374, Germany; (5) Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin 12489, Germany
Corresponding author:Wang, J.(jjwang@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:240-247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigate possible differences in the coupling relationship of EASC (ecological agro-system of commodities) due to location, the coupling relationship of EASC in Ansai county and its south, north, and central section based on data from household surveys was analyzed using the structural equation model. Results showed that agricultural practices and agricultural resources were the core of the coupling relationship of EASC. When agricultural resources were utilized with low efficiency, agricultural practices did not advance in the same speed with environmental amelioration and agricultural resources accumulation, which hampered the optimization of the coupling relationship of EASC and also the advance of the regional economy. At the county scale, the ecological environment had direct impacts on the system coupling, but the standardized estimate was -0.11, which caused the standardized estimate between agricultural resources and agricultural practices was only 0.46, weakening the efficiency of the system coupling on economic benefits. Although agricultural resources for the environment increased by enforcing the Grain for Green Project, the effect of the coupling relationship of EASC was insignificant, resulting from the agricultural resources not being utilized efficiently. In south, north, and central Ansai county, the coupling models of EASC were "stockbreeding - fruit tree planting - installment agriculture", "grazing - special agricultural product - production forest" and "production forest - fruit tree planting - installment agriculture" accordingly. Differences in the coupling model of EASC, induced by the location differences, made the characteristics of the coupling relationships distinct in each region of Ansai county. As there was not an effective and efficient production chain between livestock breeding and vegetation resources in south and central Ansai county, the coupling effect of EASC in north Ansai county was better. Since the agricultural resources were not used efficiently, consolidating the consistency between agricultural practices and agricultural resources should be the essence of future development. It would be necessary to strengthen stockbreeding and high-quality fruit tree planting as well as precision planting for making the chain network structure of EASC perfect and the coupling relationship between agricultural resources and agricultural practices optimum. Referring to the location characteristics, agricultural practices should be restructured and the chain network structure of EASC should be modified for the efficient development of EAC(ecological agriculture of commodities).
Number of references:38
Main heading:Natural resources
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Agriculture - Couplings - Ecology - Orchards - Polybutadienes - Reforestation - Regional planning
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural practices - Agricultural resources - Agricultural system - Ansai county - Chain networks - Commodities - Coupling effect - Coupling models - Direct impact - Ecological environments  - Economic benefits - Efficient production - Fruit trees - High quality - Household scale - Household surveys - Livestock breeding - Regional economy - Structural equation models - System coupling  - Vegetation resources
Classification code:815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 602 Mechanical Drives and Transmissions - 512 Petroleum and Related Deposits - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 501 Exploration and Prospecting - 444 Water Resources - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20124415631026
Title:Effects of additives on photocatalytic degradation of acephate residue
Authors:Yin, Xiaomei (1); Wang, Xin (1); Wang, Jincui (1); Lei, Lei (1); Liu, Baolin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Food Safety and Quality, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wx0426951@126.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:16
Issue date:September 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:275-281
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the degradation efficiency of acephate residue, the effects of H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>, metal ions, gas ratio, ethanol, ketone or the combination of H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> and metal ions on the photodegradation efficiency of acephate by UV TiO<inf>2</inf> process were examined, based on the former results of photocatalytic degradation of acephate. The results indicated that the addition of gas with higher oxygen ratio, H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf>, Fe³ or Cu² were favorable for the degradation. While the degradation of acephate with the the addition of ethanol or acetone was low. The optimum conditions was as follow: the initial concentration of acephate 20 mg/L, concentration of TiO<inf>2</inf> 0.1 g/L, temperature of 25&deg;C, pH value of 6.7, concentration of Cu² 0.2 mmol/L, concentration of H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> 10 mmol/L, and bubbling gas composed of N<inf>2</inf> and O<inf>2</inf> (20:80). Under this condition, the degradation rate was 98.03% within 20 min. This study provide a reference for the degradation of acephate residue.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Degradation
Uncontrolled terms:Acephate - H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> - Metal ions - Pesticide - Photocatalyzation
Classification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.16.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.