2012年6月第28卷第11期

2012年6月第28卷第11期

Accession number:20124215567652
Title:Design and implementation of drawing function module for CASS in forestry
Authors:Cao, Heng (1); Feng, Zhongke (1); Zhang, Xi (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Geomatics and Geographic Information System, Remote Sensing and Global Positioning System, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Feng, Z.(fengzhongke@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:201-207
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the rapidity and efficiency of forestry mapping, icon and symbol library of forestry was established according to the standard specification of forestry mapping. Furthermore, by making use of AutoCAD secondary development technology ObjectARX and C language, the CASS software was developed to integrate with forestry mapping function including zoning, filling, annotation, property editing, query, area measurement, area adjustment, maps finishing, print output as a whole to be a forestry mapping software. The combination of graphics management and visualization in digital forestry mapping to satisfy the requirements of forestry mapping on high speed, activity and concision explore a new way for digital forestry mapping.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Forestry
Controlled terms:Computer aided design - Computer software - Mapping - Software design - Timber
Uncontrolled terms:Area measurement - AutoCad - C language - CASS - Digital forestry - Drawing function - Forestry mapping - OBJECTARX - Property editing - Secondary development - Symbol customized - Symbol library
Classification code:415.3 Wood Structural Materials - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567639
Title:Effects of ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting system on soil hydrothermal condition and yields of Elymus sibiricus L. in arid and semiarid regions
Authors:He, Feng (1); Wang, Kun (1); Li, Xianglin (2); Xu, Zhu (3)
Author affiliation:(1) The College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Institute of Animal Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (3) Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China
Corresponding author:Wang, K.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:122-126
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The study about the effects of ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting system (RFRH) on Elymus sibiricus yield was carried out in Bashang agro-pastoral region during 2009 to 2010 years. The aim was to maintain and increase perennial grassland yields. The soil hydrothermal conditions and roots biomass distribution and yield of E. sibiricus was measured. The results showed that RFRH system could improved soil hydrothermal condition, including increase of soil surface volumetric water content by 9.67%-26.94%, and the soil water storage of 30 cm depth by 13.38%-24.92%, and the soil surface daily minimum temperature, which improved soil surface roots biomass distribution, promoted yields increase by 98%-230%. Treatment of MR60 with 60cm-ridge and 30 cm-furrow had the highest yield 5.34 t/hm2. Compared with the control with the yield of 1.62 and 1.18 t/hm2 of the two year respectively, the average yield of MR60 with 5.34 and 2.79 t/hm2 of the two year increased by 230% and 136%, respectively. RFRH system could significantly increase and maintain E. sibiricus growth and yields under rainfall decreasing and erratic distribution conditions.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Rain
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Biomass - Harvesting - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Arid and semi-arid regions - Average yield - Biomass distribution - Elymus sibiricus - Growth and yield - Harvesting system - Hydrothermal conditions - Ridge and furrow - Soil surfaces - Soil water storage - Volumetric water content
Classification code:821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 444 Water Resources - 443.3 Precipitation - 443 Meteorology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567645
Title:Development and experiment of automatic detection device for infrared target
Authors:Li, Li (1); Li, Heng (2); He, Xiongkui (2); Andreas, H. (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electrical Engineering, Binzhou Vocational College of Shandong Province, Binzhou 256603, China; (2) College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (3) Institute for Chemicals Application and Techniques, Braunschweig 38104, Germany
Corresponding author:He, X.(xiongkui@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:159-163
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:When green plants are sprayed with the aid of infrared detection, the untargeted soil and branches are covered meanwhile, which causes much waste of pesticides and pollution to environment. The infrared detection technology was discussed in this paper to detect the targets automatically, and identify the green targets using the color sensor, to achieve the aim of spraying the green plants exclusively. The results demonstrated that the equipment developed for automatic infrared detection succeeded in detecting automatically on green plants; the furthest detection range was 85~88 cm, which was affected by leaves coverage rate and illumination; the larger leaves rate and the higher illumination of the leaf surfaces mean the further detection range. The detection range was large and stable under the condition of large leave coverage rate and high illumination, which provides a control strategy and method to precision pesticide application.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Plants (botany)
Controlled terms:Color - Crops - Infrared detectors - Pesticides - Sensors
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic Detection - Color sensors - Control strategies - Coverage rate - Detection range - Green plants - Infrared detection - Infrared target - Leaf surfaces - Precision spray
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 801 Chemistry - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567620
Title:Exergy evaluation theory of hot air drying system for grains
Authors:Li, Changyou (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Li, C.(lichyx@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-6
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:This paper theoretically analyzes the features of hot air drying system for grain, exergy reference point, enthalpy and exergy structure of drying chamber and exergy efficiency, in order to reveal the nature of energy consumption of grain drying system. The results shows that the moisture content of grain is a state function, establishes the exergy reference point of drying system for starting calculation, proposes exergy benchmark functions and plots the changing process of moist air on its psychrometric chart. The paper also reveals the matching relation between "quantity" and "quality" by analyzing the exergy efficiency. It lays a foundation for further study of the reasons and position of energy loss. Additionally, it provides scientific analysis methods to investigate the approach and the process design of energy efficient drying system and to develop reasonable evaluation criteria for the system.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Exergy
Controlled terms:Drying - Energy dissipation - Energy efficiency - Energy utilization - Grain (agricultural product)
Uncontrolled terms:Benchmark functions - Drying chambers - Drying systems - Energy efficient - Environmental reference - Evaluation criteria - Exergy efficiencies - Grain drying - Hot air drying - Moist air - Psychrometric charts - Reference points - Scientific analysis - State functions
Classification code:525 Energy Management and Conversion - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 642.1 Process Heating - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567632
Title:Exhaust flow characteristics of diesel engine with high power density
Authors:You, Guodong (1); Su, Tiexiong (1); Xu, Junfeng (1); Sun, Liwei (1); Xu, Chunlong (2); Wang, Zengquan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechatronics Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (2) China North Engine Research Institute, Datong 037036, China
Corresponding author:Xu, J.(cnxujf@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:74-79
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigate the exhaust flow characteristics of diesel engine in high power density (HPD) condition, 1-D thermal dynamic model for a single-cylinder diesel engine was built. The control parameters and thermal dynamic parameters with the engine speed of 3000 r/min were simulated. The results of simulation were in accordance with the experiment data. The effect of increasing power density on exhaust flow was analyzed using validated model. The results showed that the corresponding crank angle of supercritical exhaust state were obviously improved with the increase of engine speed, peaked at 128°CA in 4200 r/min condition, and the exhaust indicate power was enhanced markedly. The area of exhaust flow became the main factor affecting exhaust performance of diesel engine with high power density (HPD). With the increase of exhaust throat diameter, the corresponding supercritical angle diminished and the absolute value of indicated exhaust power reduced. This research can provide theoretical reference for optimizing HPD diesel engine exhaust system.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Diesel engines
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Exhaust systems (engine) - Parameter estimation
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute values - Control parameters - Crank angle - Engine speed - Exhaust flow - Exhaust power - Experiment data - High power density - Power densities - Single-cylinder diesel engine - Supercritical - Thermal dynamics
Classification code:612 Engines - 723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567626
Title:Development and experiment of double-row self-propelled carrots combine
Authors:Wang, Jiasheng (1); Shang, Shuqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Corresponding author:Shang, S.(sqshang@qau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:38-43
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the mechanization on carrots, a double-rows self-propelled carrots combine harvester was designed based on carrot planting pattern and agronomic requirements. The functions of the combine included digging, clamping and conveying, separating roots from leaves, removing soil and collecting carrots. The harvester was driven by a tracked chassis, and was mainly composed of transmission system, digging device, clamping and conveying device, separating device, removing soil and collecting device. The digging shovel was designed as triangle shape of two wings open so as to reduce the operating resistance. Before separating roots from leaves, carrot plants were conveyed into a drawing device to align the roots, and then transformed to a horizontal conveying belt and to be cut by double disc cutters. The prototype harvesting tests in field showed that carrots collecting rate was 98.2%; carrots damage rate was 2.5%; the productivity of combine reached 0.11 hm2/h. This research provides a reference for further research and development of carrot harvesters.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Harvesters
Controlled terms:Machinery - Plants (botany) - Transmissions - Transportation
Uncontrolled terms:Carrots - Combine harvesters - Damage rate - Digging shovels - Disc cutter - Double rows - In-field - Performance tests - Research and development - Transmission systems
Classification code:602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 601 Mechanical Design - 461.9 Biology - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 434 Waterway Transportation - 432 Highway Transportation - 431 Air Transportation - 433 Railroad Transportation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567636
Title:Crop water requirement and temporal-spatial variation of drought and flood disaster during growth stages for maize in Northeast during past 50 years
Authors:Gao, Xiaorong (1); Wang, Chunyi (2); Zhang, Jiquan (3); Xue, Xuzhang (4)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (3) Natural Disaster Research Institute, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (4) National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, J.(zhangjq022@nenu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:101-109
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is essential to comprehensively analyze the rules of water demand and supply and the variation of drought-flood disaster of growth stages for maize in Northeast China over the recent 50 years to provide theoretical basis for strategies of preventing and reducing disasters. The multivariate data including daily meteorological data during 1961-2010, maize growing records over the past 20 years, and agriculture disaster data in the recent 10 years for 48 agro-meteorological observation stations across Northeast China were used. Based on these data, the water requirement of the four growth stages were calculated using crop coefficient method to reveal the temporal-spatial distribution of maize water supply and demand over Northeast China. The drought-flood distribution and evolvement of maize during different growth stages in Northeast of the recent 50 years were analyzed using the crop water surplus deficit index as the assessment index. Results showed that the water demand of maize during the four growth stages and the whole growing period didn't have an appreciable change. There was a significant aridity tendency during milky ripening to maturation, while during the other three stages and the whole growth period there were no significant changes of drought or flood. Different spatial distribution patterns of water demand were found for the four growth stages, with a band distribution. From sowing to seven-leaf period, the frequency of middle drought or above and middle flood or above was lower, while during the followed three growth stages, the frequency was higher. Widespread and regional middle drought or above and middle flood or above of growth stages had obvious decadal changes. From 1980s, the number of widespread and regional middle drought or above and middle flood or above increased significantly.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Drought
Controlled terms:Crops - Disaster prevention - Economics - Evapotranspiration - Floods - Meteorology - Spatial distribution - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Assessment index - Crop coefficient - Crop water requirements - Decadal change - Flood disaster - Growing period - Growth period - Growth stages - Meteorological data - Multivariate data - Northeast China - Spatial distribution patterns - Supply and demand - Theoretical basis - Water demand - Water demand and supply - Water requirements
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 971 Social Sciences - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 443 Meteorology - 444.1 Surface Water
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567651
Title:Propagation characteristics of 2.4 GHz wireless channel at different heights in apple orchard
Authors:Guo, Xiuming (1); Zhao, Chunjiang (1); Yang, Xinting (2); Li, Ming (2); Sun, Chuanheng (2); Qu, Lihua (2); Wang, Yan'an (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; (3) College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, C.(zhaocj@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:195-200
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For configuring WSN system and node deployment in apple orchards, the paper focused on signal strength attenuation and packet loss rate of 2.4 GHz wireless channel in different heights in apple orchard when the apples were mature. The field test was conducted along a line of apple trees with the height from 0.5 meters at the trunk level to the top of canopy about 3 meters high. At each height, receiving signal strength and packet loss rate were tested for ten different distances. Regression analysis results showed that 2.4 GHz wireless channel loss accords with logarithm distance path loss model, and the correlation coefficients between computational values and measurement values were between 0.915 and 0.983. When the height was between 1 and 2.25 meters, the signal attenuation rate was larger than the other heights. When the height was higher than 2.25 meters, the signal attenuation rate became slower with the increase of height until 3 meters when the signal attenuation rate was the smallest. So in apple orchard, it's best to place the antennas at the top of the canopy or above of it, followed at higher place above 2.25 meters. Besides, a model used for calculating the received signal strength of 2.4 GHz transmitting through mature apple orchard was constructed. Validation results show that the model can better predict the received signal strength at different distance point at different height. This research can provide a reference for WSNs application.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Orchards - Regression analysis - Sensors - Signal analysis - Signal processing - Wireless networks
Uncontrolled terms:Apple orchards - Apple trees - Computational value - Correlation coefficient - Different heights - Field test - Node deployment - Packet loss rates - Path loss models - Propagation characteristics - Received signal strength - Signal attenuation - Signal strengths - Validation results - Wireless channel
Classification code:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567634
Title:SCS-CN-based approach for estimating collectable rainwater in waterrshed-scale
Authors:Wang, Honglei (1); Wang, Xiuru (1); Wang, Xi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of Education, College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wang-xr@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:86-91
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Research on collectable rainwater is of vital significance for the utilization of rainfall resources and construction of relevant projects. By taking the watershed in Men Tougou district as the research object, this study adopted Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System techniques to extract and analyze the spatial and attribute data of underlying surface. Based on the above data and rainfall of different hydrological years, SCS-CN model was used to compute the runoff coefficient, and GIS was utilized as a tool to analyze spatial distribution. The collectable rainwater resource of the Watershed under 3 kinds of hydro logical frequency years were then calculated with normal year (p=50%) 1.2×107 m3, wet year (p=25%) 2.2×107 m3 and dry year (p=75%) 0.8×107 m3. This study provides scientific references for watershed comprehensive management and design of rainwater accumulation and utilization project.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Geographic information systems
Controlled terms:Infiltration - Landforms - Rain - Remote sensing - Runoff - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Attribute data - Hydrological years - Research object - Runoff coefficients - SCS-CN - Underlying surface
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 444.1 Surface Water - 452.1 Sewage - 481.1 Geology - 723.3 Database Systems - 731.1 Control Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567637
Title:Effects of planting hole sealing methods on soil moisture, temperature, salinity and survival rate of tomato seedling
Authors:Du, Sheni (1); Yu, Jian (3); Geng, Guijun (4); Li, Man (5); Bai, Gangshuan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Institute of Inner Mongolia Hydraulic Research, Huhhot 010020, China; (4) HydroChina Xibei Engineering Corporation, Xi'an 710065, China; (5) Organism Project Development Co. Ltd., China Ocean University, Qingdao 266071, China
Corresponding author:Bai, G.(gshb@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:110-116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improving tomato transplanting survival rate in saline and alkaline land in Hetao irrigation area, Inner Mongolia, taking the planting hole sealed by soil as control, soil moisture, temperature, salinity between plants and rhizosphere, and the growth of tomato seedling that the planting hole sealed by sand and planting hole with no seal were monitored. The result showed that soil moisture, temperature and salinity between plants of different treatments had no significant difference. Compared with the control, soil moisture of planting hole sealed by sand and planting hole no seal decreased by 11.73% and 14.80% in 0-10 cm soil depth, and decreased by 9.60% and 13.64% respectively in ≥10-20 cm soil depth; soil maximum temperature decreased by 1.2 and 3.6°C at 5 cm soil depth, and average daily temperature decreased by 1.6 and 2.2°C respectively; soil salinity decreased by 19.11% and 24.84% in 0-10 cm soil depth, and decreased by 11.84% and 19.67% compared to planting hole sealed by soil in ≥10-20 cm soil depth respectively. Tomato transplanting survival rate of planting hole sealed by sand and planting hole with no sealed increased by 20.57% and 19.4% compared to planting hole sealed by soil respectively. It was indicated that treatments of the planting hole sealed by sand or the planting hole with no seal at planting time when cultivating tomato in saline and alkaline land with mulching in Hetao irrigation area, Inner Mongolia, soil moisture and temperature in soil decreased, soil salt accumulation in soil hindered, tomato transplanting survival rate increased. This study provides guidance for saline-alkali soil planting tomato in Hetao irrigation area.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Irrigation - Salinity measurement - Sand - Soil moisture - Temperature - Transplants
Uncontrolled terms:Daily temperatures - Inner Mongolia - Irrigation area - Maximum temperature - Planting hole - Soil depth - Soil salinity - Survival rate - Tomato - Tomato seedlings
Classification code:462.4 Prosthetics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567622
Title:Design and experiment of ring double-channel fan for spraying machine in orchard
Authors:Qiu, Wei (1); Ding, Weimin (1); Fu, Ximin (3); Wang, Xiaochan (1); Lü, Xiaolan (3); Li, Yinian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210031, China; (3) Nanjing Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
Corresponding author:Ding, W.(wmding@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:13-17
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of narrow spraying machinery operating range and low efficiency in planting orchard. A ring-type dual channel fan was designed to adapt the compact planting orchards. Based on agronomic characteristics, the fan's structure and the key components were determined using the fluid dynamics and application techniques. The type of fan's structure was R S with 9 blades and 11 guide blades. The radius of road corner was 155 mm and deflector corner was 87.55 mm. The power, air volume, wind speed, air pressure and wind distribution were measured in different conditions and the performance curve was drawn. The results showed that the fan's performance met the design requirements with efficiency value of 75% or more and the optimal operating width of 5 m at the speed of fan's 1400 r/min.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Orchards
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Atmospheric pressure - Fans - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms:Air jet - Air pressures - Air volumes - Design requirements - Double channel - Dual channel - Operating ranges - Performance curve - Spraying machine - Wind distribution - Wind speed
Classification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 618.3 Blowers and Fans - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567631
Title:Simulation analysis of effects of air humidity on NO<inf>x</inf> and soot emissions in diesel engine
Authors:Wang, Xiangli (1); Wang, Zhong (1); Ni, Peiyong (1); Mao, Gongping (1); Wei, Shengli (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.(wangzhong@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:68-73
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the effects of air humidity on diesel engine emissions, the NOx and soot emissions were calculated during diesel combustion at different humidity ration (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) using KIVA-3V software. The thermal physical parameters, intake composition and intermediate production were obtained. The simulation results show that NOx decrease linearly with increasing humidity ratio. At the humidity ratio of 20 g/kg, the NOx reduction of more than 30% can be achieved. Except at heavy load, humidity has a little effect on soot. Besides N<inf>2</inf> and O<inf>2</inf>, O and OH radicals are reduced with increasing humidity ratio. At heavy load and high humidity, the decrease of O<inf>2</inf> and soot oxidation resulting from decreasing O<inf>2</inf> greatly contributes to soot yield. Humidity has dual effects on soot formation.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Diesel engines
Uncontrolled terms:Air humidity - Diesel combustion - Diesel engine emissions - Dual effect - Heavy loads - High humidity - Humidity ratio - Nox reduction - OH radical - Simulation analysis - Soot - Soot emissions - Soot formations - Soot oxidation - Thermal physical parameters
Classification code:612.2 Diesel Engines
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567664
Title:Effects of carboxymethyl cellulose coating enriched with bacteriostatic preparation on cold preservation of Nanfeng mandarin
Authors:Zeng, Rong (1); Zhang, Ashan (3); Chen, Jinyin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Food Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (2) Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528200, China; (3) Provincial Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Non-Destructive Detection on Fruit and Vegetable, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Corresponding author:Chen, J.(jinyinchen@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:281-287
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To develop new preservative technology of Nanfeng mandarin, the effects of composite edible coating (based on CMC, extracts of Impatiens balsamina L., citric acid, sucrose esters, glycerin and calcium propionate) on postharvest fruit quality such as weight loss, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content were evaluated during cold storage at 4°C. The physiological and biochemical indicators such as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase (CHT), β-1, 3-glucanase (GUN) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) were also periodically assayed. The data suggested that the edible coating exhibited a beneficial impact on the overall quality of Nanfeng mandarin by reducing the moisture loss and fruit spoilage, maintaining the titratable acidity and ascorbic acid contents by comparing with the uncoated fruits. Further, the coating could effectively enhance the activities of SOD, POD, CHT and GUN. However, the activity of PPO in the fruit was not enhanced by the edible coating treatment. Compared with CMC coating, the composite film could reduce the decay incidence significantly with none risk to fruit quality.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Cellulose
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Citric acid - Coatings - Cold storage - Composite coatings - Composite films - Food additives - Fruits - Glycerol - Ketones - Oxygen - Physiology - Refrigeration - Soil conditioners - Sugar (sucrose)
Uncontrolled terms:Ascorbic acids - Bacteriostatic - Biochemical indicators - Carboxy-methyl cellulose - Chitinases - Edible coating - Fruit quality - Impatiens balsamina L - Moisture loss - Nanfeng mandarin - Overall quality - Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase - Polyphenol oxidase - Postharvest - Soluble solids content - Sucrose esters - Superoxide dismutases - Titratable acidity - Weight loss
Classification code:822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 813.2 Coating Materials - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 694.4 Storage - 644.4 Cryogenics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567629
Title:Effects of inlet gas composition on combustion characteristic of diesel engine
Authors:Liu, Yongqiang (1); Zuo, Chengji (1); Cheng, Xiaozhang (1); Xu, Tianyu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Machinery and Automobile Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.(l_y_qiang@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:55-61
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To study the effects of charge compositions on the ignition and combustion process of diesel engine, the flame photos of diesel combustion process with full throttle under different charge compositions were recorded using high-speed camera on the optical engine with observation window on the cylinder-head. The temperature field in cylinder calculated by the three-primary-color method, indicator and heat release rate diagram were applied to analyze the effects of charge compositions on combustion characteristic. The results showed that ignition time, combustion duration, peak value of the cylinder pressure and heat release rate changed with different charge compositions and the changes of charge compositions strongly influenced the maximum temperature and average temperature in cylinder. In addition, intake air mixed with 2% H<inf>2</inf> and 10% CO<inf>2</inf> improved combustion in reduction of oxygen and depressed the harmful emissions from diesel engine. The study provides a new method for realizing high efficiency and low-pollution emissions in diesel engine.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Diesel engines
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Combustion - Engine cylinders - Ignition - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Charge composition - Combustion characteristics - Combustion duration - Combustion pro-cess - Cylinder pressures - Diesel combustion process - Harmful emissions - Heat Release Rate (HRR) - Ignition time - Inlet gas composition - Intake air - Maximum temperature - Observation window - Optical engine - Peak values - Reduction of oxygen - Three-primary-color
Classification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567641
Title:Effects of sediment concentration on lateral distribution of water velocity in U-channel
Authors:Zhang, Yaozhe (1); Wang, Yalin (1); Wang, Wen'e (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:134-139
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Effects of change of sediment concentration on lateral velocity distribution in U-Channel if important to theoretically perfect velocity distribution of sediment-laden flow and study on water and sediment movement in channel. Introducing index formula for velocity distribution, changes of the coefficient k, z of index formula when the sediment concentration is 500-1.12 kg/m3 in flow were investigated by the flume experiments in U-Channel, illustrating that lateral velocity of sediment-laden flow follows index formula of velocity distribution in U-Channel. In the case of s<300 g/m3, k, z increased linearly and slowly with sediment concentration increasing, and for s≥300 kg/m3, changes of k, z was from slowly increasing to sharply increasing. It is observed that when sediment concentration s≥50 g/m3, the center of U-channel appeared core area, and the core area broadens as increasing of sediment concentration.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Sedimentation
Controlled terms:Flow velocity - Hydraulics - Sedimentology - Sediments - Velocity distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Core area - Flume experiment - In-channels - Index formula - Lateral distributions - Lateral velocities - Sediment concentration - Sediment laden flows - Sediment movement - U-channels
Classification code:481.1 Geology - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 631 Fluid Flow - 632.1 Hydraulics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567653
Title:Experiment and analysis on thermal characteristics of cob wall in sunken solar greenhouse
Authors:Zhang, Zhilu (1); Wang, Siqian (1); Liu, Zhonghua (2); Sun, Zhiqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Horticulture College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Ronan Garden School of Henan Province, Runan 463000, China
Corresponding author:Sun, Z.(sunzhiqiang1956@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:208-215
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore temperature distribution and changes regulation, further correctly evaluate thermal insulation performance of cob wall in sunken solar greenhouse, 2a consecutive test monitoring was conducted to study the thermal characteristics and heat preservation capacity from December 2009 to June 2011.The result showed that wall surface temperature was significantly affected by indoor, outdoor air temperature and solar radiation, and had the same diurnal and seasonal variation as indoor and outdoor air temperature variation. Every point of temperature inside the wall was affected by surface temperature of wall. Overall, the wall temperature declined from inner surface to outer surface at thickness direction and the thermal-stable layer existed inside wall whose location and thickness varied with season, and thickness had positive correlation with wall thickness. From January to March, the thermal-stable layer existed in the center area inside the wall, and there was no the thermal-stable layer when the wall thickness was 2 m, while the thickness of thermal-stable layer was 30 cm when the wall thickness was 3m, and the thickness of thermal-stable layer was 70 cm when the wall thickness was 4 m. During April or May, the location of the thermal-stable layer moved to 100 cm away from outer surface of the wall, and it was thicker 10~20 cm than that from January to March. According to construction costs, heat preservation, land availability and other factors, in Henan area of China, the parameters of soil-made back wall in sunken greenhouse were proposed with top width of 2.5 m, bottom width (the junction of back wall and outside ground) 4.0 m and back wall height from outdoor 2.5 m. This paper provides a reference for construction and development of sunken solar greenhouse.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Greenhouses
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Solar heating - Sun - Surface properties - Temperature distribution - Thermal effects
Uncontrolled terms:Construction costs - Experiment and analysis - Heat preservation - Inner surfaces - Insulation performance - Land availability - Outdoor-air temperature - Outer surface - Positive correlations - Seasonal variation - Solar greenhouse - Surface temperatures - Thermal characteristics - Thickness direction - Wall surface temperature - Wall temperatures - Wall thickness - Walls
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567642
Title:Effect of gravity erosion on process of soil loss from gully in Loess Ravine Region
Authors:Zhao, Chao (1); Wang, Shufang (1); Xu, Xiangzhou (1); Dong, Zhandi (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (2) Goupitan Power Construction Corporation of Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Ltd., Yuqing 564408, China; (3) Sediment Research Laboratory, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China
Corresponding author:Xu, X.(xzxu@dlut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:140-145
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the small watershed of the Loess Ravine Region, the highest soil loss normally occurs at the gully. Hence erosion of the gully is important for conservation practice allocation, disaster prevention and mitigation, and sustainable development in this area. Experiments with models of different slope gradients and slope heights were carried out under the simulated rainfalls, and the amount of soil and water loss was quantitatively analyzed in this study. The results were as follows: 1) the gravitational erosion played an important role in the hyperconcentrated flows, although not all mass failure could lead to hyperconcentrated flows; 2) the sediment concentration and the sediment transport rate increased with the rainfall duration, especially in the later rainfall events; 3) for the outlet runoff in different rainfall events, the variation trend of the average soil content of the whole rainfall event was consistent to that of the later stage of the event; 4) the sediment concentration and the sediment transport rate increased with the slope gradient, but had no correlation with the slope height. Consequently gravity erosion has an important effect on the process of soil loss from the gully in the Loess Ravine Region.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Rain
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Disaster prevention - Erosion - Geologic models - Gravitation - Landforms - Sediment transport - Sedimentation - Sediments - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Conservation practices - Different slopes - Gully - Hyperconcentrated flow - Mass failures - Process of soil - Rainfall duration - Rainfall event - Sediment concentration - Sediment transport rate - Simulated rainfall - Slope gradients - Small watersheds - Soil and water loss - Soil content - Soil loss
Classification code:914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 723.5 Computer Applications - 931.5 Gravitation, Relativity and String Theory - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 443.3 Precipitation - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567638
Title:Effects of irrigation amount on growth and nitrogen efficiency of cucumber cultivated in organic substrate
Authors:Zhao, Qingsong (1); Li, Pingping (1); Zheng, Hongqian (3); Wang, Jizhang (1); Xu, Yunfeng (1); Lin, Ying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (3) Institute for the Application of Atomic Energy in Agriculture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sci., Nanjing 210014, China
Corresponding author:Li, P.(lipingping@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:117-121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For improving water use efficiency refinement management level of organic substrates culture, with "Biyu2" as material and vinegar residue substrate as cucumbers'culture substrate, four treatments with irrigation amount between 40% and 55% of the maximum mass moisture content of substrate (T1), between 55% and 70% of the maximum mass moisture content of substrate (T2), between 70% and 85% of the maximum mass moisture content of substrate (T3), between 85% and 100% of the maximum mass moisture content of substrate (T4) were conducted and the effect of different irrigation level treatments on growth, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic capacity, yield, water and production efficiency of nitrogen (N) of cucumber were studied. The results showed that: with irrigation amount increased, the yield of Cucumber increased but the efficiency of water use decreased; T4 had the highest yield but the lowest water use efficiency, and T1 had the lowest yield but the highest water use efficiency; leaf nitrogen content and root nitrogen mass fraction were both not significant difference between T2, T3 and T4; fruits nitrogen mass fraction under T1 was significantly higher than other treatments, while the stems and leaf nitrogen mass fraction were significantly lower than other treatments; different irrigation levels treatment had no significant effect on nitrogen production efficiency of cucumber in organic substrates culture. Results can provide technical support and basis for water precision management in organic substrate cultivated.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Substrates
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Efficiency - Irrigation - Moisture determination - Nitrogen - Water - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Cucumber - Culture substrate - Dry matter accumulation - Irrigation level - Leaf nitrogen - Leaf nitrogen content - Management level - Mass fraction - Nitrogen efficiency - Organic media - Organic substrate - Photosynthetic capacity - Production efficiency - Technical support - Water use - Water use efficiency
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 913.1 Production Engineering - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 801 Chemistry - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567628
Title:Theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of submersible mixer efficiency for wastewater treatment
Authors:Tian, Fei (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Lu, Xining (1); Chen, Bin (1); Xu, Yandong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) National Research Center of Pumps and Pumping System Engineering and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Shi, W.(wdshi@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:50-54
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the research of sewage treatment submersible mixer at domestic, hydraulic thrust, torque, rotational speed and other parameters are common parameters whereas the calculation formula and related concepts for the efficiency have not been given. However, the efficiency is a necessary parameter for every machine. Based on the analysis of the submersible mixer power losses, the efficiency formula of submersible mixer was deduced through the power definition and conservation of momentum. Relationships that the efficiency was proportional to 3/2 power of the water thrust and inversely proportional to the impeller diameter and shaft power of the submersible mixer were obtained. Meanwhile, the efficiency of 25 kinds of submersible mixers widely used at domestic was analyzed through this formula. It was found that the efficiency of these mixers was generally low and four-fifths was less than 60%. The submersible mixer efficiency was simulated numerically, and the result suggested that as the average velocity of the pool fluid was 0.291 m/s, the efficiency reached 62.43%. Definition and discussion for the formula of the efficiency of sewage treatment submersible mixer provides a reference for the design and application of submersible mixers in the industry.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Efficiency
Controlled terms:Hydraulic machinery - Mixers (machinery) - Mixing - Numerical methods - Sewage treatment - Submersibles
Uncontrolled terms:Average velocity - Calculation formula - Conservation of momentum - Design and application - Mixer power - Power - Power definitions - Rotational speed - Shaft power - Simulation analysis - Theoretical calculations
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 913.1 Production Engineering - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 674.1 Small Marine Craft - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 452.2 Sewage Treatment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567665
Title:Distribution models of mass and sectional area of silver carp along length direction
Authors:Liu, Wei (1); Tan, Hequn (1); Huang, Dan (1); Li, Xiaojing (1); Tan, Jingwen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Tan, H.(thq@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:288-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide the basic data for kinematic and dynamic analysis of pretreatment process of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the distribution law of mass and sectional area of silver carp along the length direction was researched. Silver carps with mass between 800 g and 1050 g were taken as the research objects. The mass distribution regression model along the length direction was obtained by slicing-weighing technology, and the sectional area distribution regression model was obtained by digital image processing technology. The results showed that both mass and sectional area models of silver carps significantly represented cubic polynomial distribution characteristic (P<0.01). The mean relative error of predict value of mass and sectional area was 8.06% and 4.60%. The results of this study showed that the models can characterize the mass and sectional area of silver carps.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Silver
Controlled terms:Fish - Image processing - Models - Regression analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Distribution - Mass - Sectional area - Silver carp - Slicing
Classification code:902.1 Engineering Graphics - 822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 547.1 Precious Metals
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567654
Title:Dynamic change characteristics of carbon exchange on sown grass and no-tillage peach orchard
Authors:Guo, Jiaxuan (1); He, Guimei (2); Shi, Guanglu (1); Wang, Xiaoping (2); Wang, Younian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Agricultural Application of New Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Plant Science and Technology Institute, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, China; (2) Beijing Forestry Carbon Sequestration Work Office, Beijing 100013, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Y.(wynbua@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:216-222
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Plant carbon sequestration is an effective way to abate the global warming. However, the field-scale carbon exchange on a peach orchard remains yet unclear. Here, using an eddy covariance technique, the carbon exchange and energy balance were analyzed on a coarse-sand-field, no-tillage, 12-year-old-peach orchard. The results showed that during full flowering, the ability to sequestrate carbon was remarkable, it reached on the peak of -0.33 mg (CO<inf>2</inf>)/(m2&middots). During rapid growth, the Bowen ratio was under 0.3 and daily net carbon sequestration reached on the peak of -25.1 g (CO<inf>2</inf>)/(m2&middotd). During the leaf fall stage, there was a great deal of CO<inf>2</inf> emissions, the peak value of carbon sequestration reached 0.60 mg (CO<inf>2</inf>)/(m2&middots). During monitoring period, the daily average of net carbon sequestration and Bowen ratio was (1.22±1.56) and (-2.90±6.63)g (CO<inf>2</inf>)/(m2&middotd), respectively. The net carbon sequestration could reach-1052 g (CO<inf>2</inf>)/(m2&middota) in a year. These results revealed that there were high carbon sequestration on a coarse-sand-field, no-tillage peach orchard. This research provides basic data for evaluating carbon sink function of orchard.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms:Carbon - Ecosystems - Fluxes - Forestry - Fruits - Global warming - Orchards
Uncontrolled terms:Bowen ratio - Carbon exchange - Carbon sequestration - Carbon sink - Dynamic changes - Eddy covariance - Eddy covariance technique - Field scale - Leaf fall - Monitoring periods - No tillage - Peach orchards - Peak values - Rapid growth
Classification code:451 Air Pollution - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567633
Title:Initial water rights allocation models at river basin scale based on friendly function
Authors:Xiao, Chun (1); Shao, Dongguo (1); Yang, Fengshun (1); Gu, Wenquan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Corresponding author:Xiao, C.(xiaochunwhu@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:80-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Aiming at the problem of inconsistency of index system in initial water rights allocation modeling, the concept of friendly allocation of initial water rights was put forward. Based on the principles of food security, ecological water guarantee, preference of status in quo, fairness, high efficiency and environmental protection, the friendly sub-functions were established and the friendly allocation model of initial water rights was proposed with maximizing friendly function of initial water rights allocation. As a case study, the proposed allocation model was applied in Fuhuan River Basin in Hubei Province, and the results indicate that the model can avoid the difficulty of inconsistency of index system and quantitatively express the allocation of initial water rights and provides a new method for initial water rights allocation in the river basin.
Number of references:19
Main heading:International law
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Food supply - Models - Water resources - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Allocation model - Chaos optimization algorithm - Food security - Hubei Province - Index systems - River basins - Water rights - Water rights allocation
Classification code:971 Social Sciences - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 444.1 Surface Water - 444 Water Resources - 404.2 Civil Defense
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567655
Title:Difference analysis of soil organic carbon pool in returning farmland to forest in loess hilly area
Authors:Han, Xinhui (1); Tong, Xiaogang (3); Yang, Gaihe (1); Xue, Yalong (3); Zhao, Fazhu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agricultural Sciences, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shannxi Province, Yangling 712100, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Yang, G.(ygh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:223-229
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To determine the effects of different plantation on the quantity and quality of soil carbon pool, the fractions store and carbon management index (CMI) of soil organic carbon (SOC) in returning farmland in loess hilly region were investigated. After 12 years of returning farmland, the mass fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) of forest lands was increased mainly in 0-40 cm soil layer compared with the farmland, and the increasing rate presented a trend of Buckthorn>Robinia> Prunus armeniaca>Poplar>abandonment. The maximal growth of TOC was in the layer of 0-10 cm (71.1%-156.9%), and the minimal was in 20-40 cm (23.5%-68.9%). Thus, TOC in 0-100 cm soil layer improved significantly in each forest land. The labile organic carbon (LOC) density in 100 cm depth soil improved from 9.9% to 106.8% in the following order: abandonment, Robinia, Buckthorn, Prunus armeniaca and Poplar. Non-labile organic carbon (NLOC) was increased from 14.2% to 43.0% in the following order: abandonment, Robinia, Prunus armeniaca, Poplar and Buckthorn. The forest species exhibited different content and distribution of LOC and NLOC in each soil layer. Compared with the farmland, Prunus armeniaca, Buckthorn and Robinia improved CMI by 1.28 times in 0-20 cm soil, and Prunus armeniaca and Poplar improved CMI by 1.2-2.49 times in 20-100 cm soil. Consequently, returning farmland showed the potential of promoting soil carbon pool and quality. Buckthorn and Prunus armeniaca improved organic carbon content and the quality of carbon pool in soil respectively.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Forestry
Controlled terms:Carbon - Farms - Organic carbon - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon management - Carbon pool - Forest land - Forest species - Hilly areas - Mass fraction - Organic carbon contents - Soil carbon pool - Soil layer - Soil organic carbon - Soil organic carbon pools - Total Organic Carbon
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567656
Title:Spatial-temporal dynamic change and analysis of grain production in county scale in Bohai Rim from 1980 to 2008
Authors:Liu, Yu (1); Guo, Liying (3); Liu, Yansui (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Agriculture Information Technology Research Center, Beijing 100097, China; (2) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (3) Institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:230-236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reveal the heterogeneity of grain production, the spatiotemporal dynamic variation of grain production from 1980 to 2008 and related influencing factors at county level in Bohai Rim was carried out based on Gini coefficient, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and spatial error mode (SEM). The following results were obtained: the amount of grain production increased by 3647×104 t, grain production in 282 counties showed an upward trend and gradually concentrated in the plain area and countries whose grain production was higher; grain production at county level in area along Bohai Rim had a strong spatial autocorrelation and regional grain difference will increase in the future, and the polarization trend of per capital grain more serious; the counties with higher grain production gathered in Liaohe plain and western Shandong province, while the lower grain production gathered in mountainous-hilly areas and tableland areas; the main factors which affected the regional pattern of grain production were the arable land area, cropping structure, grain production in former term. This research provides a scientific basis for optimizing grain production distribution and establishing grain production policies.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Geographic information systems
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Agriculture - Grain (agricultural product) - Production
Uncontrolled terms:Arable land - County level - Dynamic changes - Exploratory spatial data analysis - Gini coefficients - Grain production - Influencing factor - Regional pattern - Shandong province - Spatial autocorrelations - Spatial errors - Spatial temporals - Spatial-temporal changes - Spatio-temporal dynamics - Upward trend
Classification code:723.3 Database Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.2 Production Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567661
Title:Application of natural wood flour on controlled-release urea
Authors:Wang, Enfei (1); Mo, Haitao (1); Cui, Zhiduo (1); Zhang, Xiaoyong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(xyzhang@home.ipe.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:264-268
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the applied effects of lignocelluloses organic compounds on controlled-release fertilizer, three kinds of controlled-release urea coated with natural wood flour (CRU<inf>20</inf>, CRU<inf>25</inf>, CRU<inf>30</inf>) was examined by water-extraction method. The effects of temperature, pH and water-fertilizer ratio on the nutrient release characteristics of controlled-release urea were studied. The results showed that: 1) Controlled-release urea exhibited slow releasing performance, and the theoretical slow-release period of CRU<inf>20</inf>, CRU<inf>25</inf>, and CRU<inf>30</inf> was 36, 54, and 121 days respectively, and the nitrogen-release model changed with the amount of coated materials; 2) Temperature and pH affected the nitrogen release rate greatly, while the impact of water-fertilizer ratio on nitrogen release rate was not obvious; 3) The release pattern of controlled-released urea coated with natural wood flour was failure mechanism. Controlled-release urea coated with natural wood flour provides a reference for applications.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Urea fertilizers
Controlled terms:Applications - Coated materials - Extraction - Fertilizers - Metabolism - Nitrogen - Urea - Wood products
Uncontrolled terms:Applied effect - Controlled release - Controlled-release fertilizers - Effects of temperature - Failure mechanism - Natural wood - Nitrogen release - Nutrient release - Release mechanism - Release pattern - Slow release - Water extraction - Wood flour
Classification code:811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 813 Coatings and Finishes - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 461.9 Biology - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567658
Title:Separating-process drying technology and efficiency for paddy with high moisture content
Authors:Wang, Jihuan (1); Liu, Qijue (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (2) School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
Corresponding author:Wang, J.(wangjihuan@whpu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:245-250
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to greater market demand that high moisture content paddy must be dried in time during the harvest in south of China and less stock of grain dryer as well as the use efficiency of dryer was affected by the climatic conditions, harvested paddy was divided into drying process of higher moisture content and lower moisture content. When the moisture content of paddy was higher than 18% and the air temperature was 56-85°C, the drying rate was 0.90-2.94%/h. When the moisture content of paddy was lower or equal to 18%, air temperature should be 50-58°C and the drying rate should be 0.49-0.93%/h. The technology of ventilation and temporary storage was applied during the two drying processes. Spot testing showed that the technique of separating-process drying could reduce the drying time about 12.8h and enhance the average drying rate 0.7%/h, and improve drying quality. Compared with constant temperature drying, the application of the technology could increase capacity 225% in a period of harvest and the use efficiency 152% of the dryer, meanwhile cut down total drying costs 5%. So it is possible for high moisture content paddy to be dried quickly and well.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Dryers (equipment) - Efficiency - Harvesting - Moisture determination - Technology - Ventilation
Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Climatic conditions - Constant temperature drying - Drying costs - Drying process - Drying quality - Drying rates - Drying technology - Drying time - Market demand - Spot testing - Temporary storage - Use efficiency
Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 901 Engineering Profession - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 642.1 Process Heating - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 643.5 Ventilation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567624
Title:Experiment on working performance of bionic blade for soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking
Authors:Ji, Wenfeng (1); Jia, Honglei (2); Tong, Jin (2)
Author affiliation:(1) The College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Corresponding author:Jia, H.(jiahl@vip.163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:24-30
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to examine the power consumption and working quality, the bionic blades for soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking (bionic blade for short), national standard rototilling blades and common stubble-breaking blades were mounted respectively on rototilling-stubble-breaking machine to perform soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking tests. The power consumption of the three kinds of blades were tested by electric measurement method respectively, and the working qualities were tested in accordance with national standards. Because of the difference of blades' soil-cutting range, the power consumption of unit area of soil-cutting was taken as test index. The results showed that the power consumption of unit area of soil-cutting of bionic blade was less than that of national standard rototilling blade, and the working quality of bionic blade was better than that of the national standard rototilling blade. The power consumption of unit area of soil-cutting of biomimetic blade were less than that of common stubble-breaking blade, and the working quality of stubble-breaking of biomimetic blade was little worse than that of the common stubble-breaking blade, but it met the requirement of national standard of China. The research provided a reference to achieve soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking by using one kind of blade.
Number of references:31
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Biomimetics - Bionics - Sensors
Uncontrolled terms:Bionic blade - Common stubble-breaking blade - National standard - Soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking - Working performance - Working quality
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 731.1 Control Systems - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567660
Title:Surface structure of bamboo charcoal and its adsorption property on furfural
Authors:Li, Yunchao (1); Wang, Xianhua (1); Yang, Haiping (1); Tan, Zengqiang (1); Li, Pan (1); Chen, Hanping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (2) Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wxhwhhy@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:257-263
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To remove furfural in bio-oil, bamboo charcoal obtained by pyrolysis was introduced as adsorbent. The structure property of bamboo charcoal was measured, and the adsorption property was investigated by Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption equation. The results showed that the bamboo charcoal dominant with micropore contained various alkali oxygen-functional groups (such as -OH, -COOH), aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds. Bamboo charcoal exhibited high adsorption capacity and removing efficiency, and the removing rate was over 95% with 10 g/L furfural and 200 g/L adsorbent dose at normal temperature. The adsorption was mainly attributed to the dispersion force. The adsorption process could be described with Freundlich isothermal adsorption equation. This research provides a new economic way for the high quality utilization of bio-oil.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Bamboo
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Adsorption isotherms - Aldehydes - Charcoal - Functional groups - Furfural - Surface structure
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorbent dose - Adsorption process - Adsorption properties - Aliphatic compound - Bamboo charcoal - Bio oil - Dispersion force - Freundlich - High adsorption capacity - High quality - Isothermal adsorption - Langmuirs - Micropores - Removing rates - Structure property
Classification code:524 Solid Fuels - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567627
Title:Vibration frequency optimization and movement characteristics analysis of vibration shovel for meadow
Authors:Dong, Xiangqian (1); Song, Jiannong (1); Wang, Jicheng (1); Li, Yonglei (1); Zhang, Junkui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Song, J.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:44-49
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the performance of the vibration scarifier, speed characteristic and trajectory behavior of vibration loosen soil was studied. At the lower frequency with the velocity ratio less than 1, the cutting blade always moved forward to the soil. As the frequency increased and the velocity ratio was greater than 1, the cutting blade moved backward to the soil during part of each cycle. Therefore, the cutting blade went through three phases, namely soil cutting, backing off and catching up respectively. As velocity ratio increasing, the time consumption of different phases changed steadily. When the tines were vibrated with amplitude at the tip of ±12.7 mm and an oscillation angle of 28° using a forward speed of 1 km/h, a soil-bin test was conducted under the frequency of vibration was varied from 0 to 10 Hz. Experimental results showed that traction resistance decreased by 40% and power consumption decreased by 11.7%-59% with an optimum vibration frequency of 4.4 Hz.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Speed - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms:Catching-up - Cutting blades - Forward speed - Lower frequencies - Movement characteristics - Oscillating frequencies - Oscillatory tillage - Power - Soil cuttings - Speed characteristics - Three phasis - Time consumption - Traction resistance - Velocity ratio - Vibration frequency
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567650
Title:Detection of foreground-frame of pig using edge model based on pseudosphere-operator
Authors:Zhu, Weixing (1); Ji, Bin (1); Qin, Feng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) School of Computer Science, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, W.(zwxbest@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:189-194
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on edge model, the method of foreground-frame detection with low computational cost was proposed for monitoring the activities of the non-rigid foreground objects in a fixed region. According to the fact that the pixel stability of the foreground edge was far less than that of the background, the steps of the method was as follows: firstly the pseudosphere-based edge detector was used to extract edges in each frame, and the non-background edges were extracted according to the sliding window frames of video sequence (T) and the threshold of judging background edge pixel (η); then the noise edges were eliminated in terms of the threshold of edge pixels; finally the foreground frame was judged according to the threshold of noise edge pixels. Compared with the canny edge detector, in the case of having the same smoothness, pseudosphere-based edge detector offers a lesser error for edge locating. The experimental results on detecting pig in a pigpen showed that the proposed algorithm could effectively adapt to the background in illumination variation and the foreground in slow motion or short stay. This research provides a reference for the subsequence behavior analysis of pigs.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Detectors
Controlled terms:Animals - Computer vision - Image processing - Mammals - Monitoring - Pixels
Uncontrolled terms:Behavior analysis - Canny edge detectors - Computational costs - Edge detectors - Edge pixels - Foreground edge - Foreground objects - Illumination variation - Model-based OPC - Non-rigid - Sliding Window - Slow motion - Video sequences
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 914 Safety Engineering - 822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 814 Leather and Tanning - 741.2 Vision - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 723.5 Computer Applications - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567659
Title:Optimization design of nano-TiO<inf>2</inf> photocatalytic degradation reactor for organic phosphorus pesticide
Authors:Yin, Xiaomei (1); Wang, Xin (1); Lei, Lei (1); Wang, Jincui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Food Safety and Quality, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wx0426951@126.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:251-256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To improve the photo-catalytic degradation efficiency of organic phosphorus pesticide, taking acephate as a model pollutant, the effects of light source species, reactor configuration and materials, and the way of combining illuminator with the reactor on the degradation efficiency were investigated. A photo-catalytic reactor was developed and tested. The results indicated that the optimized reactor was with inside illuminated photo-catalytic reactor composed of quartz glass and light source of 450 W high-pressure mercury lamp with dominant wave length of 365 nm, which was favorable for the photo-degradation of acephate. The degradation rate of 16 mg/L acephate in the optimized reactor with 0.1 g/L titanium dioxide dose for 60 min was 96.55%. This research provides a reference for the optimization of the photo-catalytic degradation reactor used for organic phosphorus pesticide.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Optimization
Controlled terms:Degradation - Light sources - Pesticides - Phosphorus - Photodegradation - Quartz - Titanium dioxide
Uncontrolled terms:Degradation efficiency - Degradation rate - High-pressure mercury lamp - Nano-TiO - Optimization design - Organic phosphorus - Photo catalytic degradation - Photo-catalytic - Quartz glass - Reactor - Reactor configuration
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 744 Lasers - 482.2 Minerals
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567657
Title:Land use zoning model based on multi-objective particle swami optimization algorithm
Authors:Wang, Hua (1); Liu, Yaolin (1); Ji, Yingli (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resource and Environment Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China; (3) Department of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.(yaolin610@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:237-244
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Land use zoning was discussed in this paper based on multi-objective optimization. Constraint indices system of land use zoning was constructed, and four objective functions were comprised of the largest difference among zones and the strongest similarity in zone, the higher connectivity among zones, the maximization of land use efficiency and the best land suitability. Three types of constraint conditions that include the minimum area on the map, the area of land use zone and the regulation of conversion of land use are also considered. Model of land use zoning based on the multi-objective particle swami optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. Detailed descriptions of the algorithm, coding scheme, the mechanism and operator of state updating are given in this paper. At last, take the city of YiCheng in Hubei province as a case study, the results showed that the model presented was effective and feasible.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Algorithms
Controlled terms:Land use - Multiobjective optimization - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms:Constraint conditions - Multi objective optimizations (MOO) - Objective functions - Optimization algorithms - Yicheng
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567640
Title:Photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of rice with floating culture method
Authors:Ou, Lijun (1); Hu, Aisheng (4); Li, Bihu (4); Chen, Bo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Life Sciences, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Study and Utilization of Ethnic Medicinal Plant Resources, Huaihua 418000, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Hunan-Western Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany, Huaihua 418000, China; (4) Symbiosis Institute of Agricultural Engineering of Huaihua, Huaihua 418000, China
Corresponding author:Ou, L.(ou9572@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:127-133
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The photosynthetic characteristics, root characteristics and part of the agronomic traits of rice with the floating culture method (CW) and conventional tillage (CT) were studied. The results showed that photosynthetic rate (PN) and stomatal conductance (gs) in CW were higher than those in CT; compared with CT, rice cultivated in CW significantly enhanced root numbers, root activities and enzyme activities, and increased tillers and effective panicle number by 17.91% and 24.07%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the water use efficiency (WUE), plant height, seed setting rate and the thousand seed mass between CW and CT. Rice with CW exhibited more root absorption, tillers and effective panicle number, and higher PN, thus achieve the purpose of the increase in production. This research suggests the floating culture method is worth popularizing.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Physiology
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Cultivation - Photosynthesis - Plants (botany) - Seed - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Agronomic traits - Conventional tillage - Culture methods - Panicle number - Photosynthetic characteristics - Photosynthetic rate - Physiological characteristics - Plant height - Root absorption - Root characteristics - Root number - Seed mass - Seed-setting - Stomatal conductance - Water-use efficiency
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 461.9 Biology - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567647
Title:Relationship model of soil moisture and dielectric constant monitored with remote sensing
Authors:Chen, Quan (1); Zeng, Jiangyuan (1); Li, Zhen (1); Zhou, Jianmin (1); Tian, Bangsen (1); Zhou, Jijin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China; (2) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Q.(qchen@ceode.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:171-175
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Surface soil moisture is an important parameter in draught monitoring and crop yield estimation, it is important to obtain spatial-temporal soil moisture information in large range. Microwave signal is much related to dielectric constant of object observed, and soil dielectric constant is determined by soil moisture, which was the basis of the use of microwave remote sensing technology for soil moisture monitoring. To solve the transformation of soil moisture and soil dielectric constant, the Dobson semi-empirical model was used to build a simulated database, and then the Hallikainen formula calibrated by the least square regression method at radiometer SMOS (1.4 GHz), AMSR-E (6.9 GHz), and scatterometer ERS-WCS and METOP-ASCAT (both at 5.3 GHz) frequency-points were performed to set up the simplified models to transform the real part of the dielectric constant to the soil volumetric moisture content. The validations were performed using both simulated data of the Dobson model and in-situ observations, and the results showed that the simplified models had good accuracy and practicability.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Computer simulation - Least squares approximations - Meteorological instruments - Moisture - Permittivity - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Soil moisture - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Crop yield - In-situ observations - Least square regression method - Microwave remote sensing - Microwave signals - Real part - Relationship model - Scatterometers - Semiempirical models - Simulated data - Soil dielectric constant - Soil moisture monitoring - Spatial temporals - Surface soil moisture - Volumetric moisture content
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 481.1 Geology - 443.2 Meteorological Instrumentation - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567630
Title:NO<inf>x</inf> and particulate emission characteristics of 2004 Mack MD11 diesel engine with addition of H<inf>2</inf>
Authors:Yang, Zhenzhong (1); Li, Hailin (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China; (2) Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, WV, United States
Corresponding author:Yang, Z.(yzzho@163.com.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:62-67
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reduce emissions of diesel engines, hydrogen for fuel of heavy-duty diesel engines paid more attention in recent years. Effect of the addition of hydrogen on the emissions of NO<inf>x</inf> and PM at different proportion (the highest volume proportion of the hydrogen is 7% of hydrogen air mixture in inlet pipe) into 2004 Mack MD11 diesel engine have been conducted. Research showed that the addition of hydrogen on NO<inf>x</inf> emission characteristics had different effects with the increase of hydrogen added in various load. And a change from NO to NO<inf>2</inf> had been found. It was found that emission of NO<inf>x</inf> related to the variable-geometry gas turbine (VGT) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). And NO<inf>x</inf> emission was not significantly increased after adding hydrogen gas even at large or full load operating condition, which was mainly attributed to the EGR of the diesel engine, and the EGR rate was increased as the load increasing. Research also showed that adding hydrogen can reduce PM emission under different load conditions.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Diesel engines
Controlled terms:Hydrogen fuels - Particulate emissions
Uncontrolled terms:Different effects - Emission characteristics - Full-load - Heavy-duty diesel engine - Hydrogen gas - Hydrogen-air mixture - Inlet pipe - Load condition - Operating condition - Particulate Matter - PM emissions
Classification code:451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 522 Gas Fuels - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 804 Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567662
Title:Drying and fermentation process optimization of grapes pre-fermented with carbon dioxide
Authors:Liu, Moyin (1); Guo, Yunhan (1); Zhao, Cuiping (1); Wang, Zhengfu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Process, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.(wzhfu@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:269-272
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to develop a novel raisin of grapes pre-fermented with carbon dioxide, taking fresh Kyoho grape as experimental materials, and taking total phenol content and average drying rate of fermented grapes as evaluation indices, the optimal fermentation condition was presented by means of orthogonal test based on the single factor experiments. Total phenol content was determined with Folin-Ciocalteus method and average-drying-rate was detected in a hot-air drier. The results indicated that the optimized conditions were as follow: pressure at 0.14 MPa, temperature at 36°C, and fermentation time for 72 h. Under this condition, total phenol content and average-drying-rate of fermented grapes was the highest, and increased by 48.3% and 44.6%, respectively, compared with those of fresh grape. The results suggested that the raisin produced with carbonic maceration grapes was a novel product rich in phenol, and the drying-after-carbonic-maceration (DACM) was also a novel promising technology for commercial application.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Wine
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Drying - Fermentation - Fruits - Optimization - Phenols - Process control - Processing
Uncontrolled terms:Carbonic maceration - Commercial applications - Drying rates - Evaluation index - Experimental materials - Fermentation conditions - Fermentation process - Grapes - Hot air - Optimized conditions - Orthogonal test - Total phenols
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 913.4 Manufacturing - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 642.1 Process Heating
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567646
Title:Quality evaluation and usability analysis of CCD image in life extension period for HJ-1 satellite
Authors:Su, Xiaohui (1); Zhang, Xiaodong (1); Su, Wei (1); Sun, Zhongping (2); You, Daian (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Centre for Satellite Environmental Application, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100094, China
Corresponding author:Su, W.(suwei@ccau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:164-170
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:HJ-1 Satellite has made an important role in monitoring and prediction of disaster and environment since it launched successfully, and it has been serviced for 3 years, and it is in extension period. In order to evaluate image in the extension period, the study selected three image features: geometric deviation, texture feature and gray level feature. By comparing the images of the same temporal Landsat7 ETM and the forepart HJ-1A CCD, the quality of the extension period images from CCD sensor onboard HJ-1 Satellite was evaluated objectively. The result shows that the quality of extension period image of HJ-1 Satellite has declined a little, but it is close to the forepart image of HJ-1 Satellite. Image of HJ-1 Satellite in the extension period still can describe the types of the surface features and details. It still can provide service like the forepart image in environment monitoring, disaster monitoring, land and natural resources management, city planning and agricultural application.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Calibration - Geometry - Image quality - Natural resources management - Satellites - Textures
Uncontrolled terms:CCD images - CCD sensors - Disaster monitoring - Environment monitoring - Geometric deviations - Gray levels - HJ-1 - Image features - Landsat-7 ETM - Quality evaluation - Surface feature - Texture features - Usability analysis
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 933 Solid State Physics - 921 Mathematics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 655.2 Satellites - 454 Environmental Engineering - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567644
Title:Detection of underground pipeline diameter in farmland using ground-penetrating radar
Authors:Zhao, Yanling (1); Hu, Zhenqi (1); Yang, Junguo (1); Wang, Fang (1); Fu, Xin (1); Xu, Rongqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Reconstruction of China Univ. of Mining and Technol., Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, Y.(zhaoyl7677@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:153-158
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To meet the demand for pipeline project acceptance, the method of detecting underground pipeline diameter in farmland was studied using ground penetrating radar. Based on the energy gradient of pipeline target radar image, the vertex and edge of target pipelines was extracted, and the theory of Least-squares was used to calculate the underground pipeline diameter. The results showed that using ground-penetrating radar on detecting underground pipeline diameter in farmland was feasible, and could detect the diameter of polyvinyl chloride pipeline with the diameter of 75~110 mm and buried depth of 0.5m. This study provides a new technology for the acceptance of irrigation and water conservancy project.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Farms
Controlled terms:Error detection - Geological surveys - Ground penetrating radar systems - Pipelines - Radar - Water pipelines
Uncontrolled terms:Buried depth - Diamete - Energy gradients - Ground Penetrating Radar - Least Square - Pipeline projects - Radar image - Underground pipeline - Water conservancy projects
Classification code:481.1 Geology - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567625
Title:Design and experiment of drum-type anti-blocking mechanism of no-till planter for maize
Authors:Gao, Nana (1); Zhang, Dongxing (1); Yang, Li (1); Liu, Jia (1); Shi, Song (1); Cui, Tao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.(zhangdx@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:31-37
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A rotary drum-type anti-blocking mechanism was designed to solve the problem of straw blocking when no-till planter for maize was used in wheat residue or weed-covered fields. Based on the theory of boundary layer in fluid mechanics and contrast test, the appropriate shape of the drum was parabola appearance. And the reasonable velocity of rotation of the drum was calculated as simplifying the relative motion of the drum and straw into circulative streaming of cylinder with uniform flow. Field experiments showed that the rotary drum-type anti-blocking mechanism was effective in solving straw blocking and ensuring the passing ability of the no-till planter for maize. In order to avoid seeds being placed out of seedbed, a residue separating device with 30° aperture angle was designed to set between fertilizer openers and seeding openers.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Boundary layers
Controlled terms:Fluid mechanics - Rollers (roadbuilding machinery)
Uncontrolled terms:Aperture angle - Field experiment - No-till planters - Passing ability - Relative motion - Residue separating device - Uniform flow
Classification code:406 Highway Engineering - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567649
Title:Estimating model of soil total nitrogen content based on near-infrared spectroscopy analysis
Authors:Zhang, Juanjuan (1); Tian, Yongchao (2); Yao, Xia (2); Cao, Weixing (2); Ma, Xinming (1); Zhu, Yan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Management, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, Y.(yanzhu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:183-188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Soil total nitrogen content is regarded as an important index for soil fertility diagnosis and crop growth management direction, the rapid monitoring model and establishing optimum bands on soil nitrogen content is the key to swiftly obtain soil nutrient information and develop precision agriculture. Five types of soil (Paddy soil, Fluvo-aquic soil, Salinized fluvo-aquic soil, Saline soil, Dark soil with lime concretion) collected from the middle and eastern of China were measured in the near-infrared region (4000-10000 cm-1). According to molecular vibration characteristics of full spectrum in the near infrared region, 8 wave bands (the whole region, combination region, the first overtone region, the second overtone region including the combination of bands referred above, and the protein functional group bands) were designed for establishing calibration models adopting multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) method. The calibration models for nitrogen content in soil samples were established by Partial Least Square (PLS) regression. The results showed that the prediction effect using MSC spectra in the combination region of 4000-5500 cm-1 was the best, the coefficient of determination and the root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) for the calibration model were 0.90 and 0.16, respectively. Testing of the monitoring models with independent data of different types of soil samples indicated that determination coefficient and RMSE of validation were 0.91 and 0.15, respectively; RPD was 3.40.So, near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy analysis technology can swiftly estimate total nitrogen content, and taking the combination band (4000-5500 cm-1) as modeling regional can get better calibration effect.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Calibration - Functional groups - Infrared devices - Mean square error - Models - Near infrared spectroscopy - Nitrogen - Principal component analysis - Soil surveys - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Calibration model - Coefficient of determination - Combination bands - Crop growth - Cross validation - Determination coefficients - Diffuse reflection spectroscopy - Full spectrum - Monitoring models - Multiplicative scatter correction - Near Infrared - Near infrared region - Nitrogen content - Overtone regions - Paddy soils - Partial least square (PLS) - Partial least-square regression - Precision Agriculture - Rapid monitoring - Root mean square errors - Saline soil - Soil fertility - Soil nitrogen content - Soil nutrients - Soil sample - Soil total nitrogen - Total nitrogen content - Vibration characteristics - Wavebands
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567623
Title:Erosion wear analysis of fan-shaped spraying nozzle affected by particles
Authors:Zhai, Enyu (1); Zheng, Jiaqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Corresponding author:Zheng, J.(jqzheng@njnet.nj.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:18-23
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The problem of spray quality of nozzle affected by erosion wear can cause the flat-fan spraying were invalid. The solid particles' properties on its motion, the forces, the kinematical velocity and the attack angle of the particles in boundary-layer were discussed. Then the hydraulic abrasion mechanism of the flat-fan spraying nozzles was analyzed. The volume losses of nozzles material relationship was established with the attack angle change of the spherical-top of flat-fan orifices. It was indicated that the attack angle increased with axial size increasing, when axial size of solid particles impact position was less than its critical dimension, on the contrary the attack angle decreased with axial size increasing at fan-shaped spraying nozzle. Wear degree of fan-shaped spraying nozzle increased with axial size of nozzle inner surface increasing. And the most serious wear was in the minor-axis of the spherical-top of flat-fan orifices because the least attack angle. Finally, the theoretical analysis was verified through erosion wear test of the flat-fan spraying nozzles. The results provide a reference for analyzing wear characteristics, calculating wear rate and forecasting erosion loss of the flat-fan nozzles.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Abrasion - Nozzles - Orifices - Stress analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Abrasion mechanism - Attack angle - Critical dimension - Erosion loss - Erosion wear - Impact positions - Inner surfaces - Solid particles - Spray quality - Volume loss - Wear characteristics - Wear rates
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567635
Title:Variation characteristics of reference crop evapotranspiration and its responses to climate change in upstream areas of Yellow River basin
Authors:Du, Jiaqiang (1); Shu, Jianmin (1); Liu, Chengcheng (1); Wang, Lixia (1); Guo, Yang (1); Zhang, Linbo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; (2) State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-Process and Function Assessment, Beijing 100012, China
Corresponding author:Du, J.(dujiaqiang@mail.bnu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:92-100
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is practically significant for identification of different impacts of meteorological factors to study the response of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET<inf>0</inf>) to climate change. Based on the daily data of ten weather stations across a large climatic gradient in upstream areas of the Yellow River basin, China for recent 50 years, ET<inf>0</inf> was estimated with the FAO56 Penman-Monteith (P-M) method. The P-M results and pan evaporation data were compared and the trends and response to climate change for reference crop evapotranspiration were calculated. The results show that the P-M method is suitable for study area. ET<inf>0</inf> occurs mainly from March to October in growing season, and decreases with the increase of altitude. Significant increasing ET<inf>0</inf> can be observed in most stations, where elevation is higher than 3000 m, and most stations in low elevation (<3000 m) show obvious decreasing ET<inf>0</inf>. There are different change processes of ET<inf>0</inf> in high altitude and low elevation area. Daily sensitivity coefficients to air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity exhibit large fluctuations during the year, while small fluctuations for sunshine hours. ET<inf>0</inf> is insensitive to air temperature in winter and early spring, and the sensitivity gradually increases and achieves its maximum value in summer while opposite patterns were found for weed speed. Relatively strong negative sensitivity coefficients were obtained for relative humidity, and ET<inf>0</inf> is more sensitive to relative humidity in growing season. The long-term trend analyses of sensitivity coefficients show that the sensitivity coefficients to air temperature increased, while decreased for relative humidity in low elevation stations. Increased air temperature, sunshine hours and reduced relative humidity led to increasing ET<inf>0</inf> in high altitude area, whereas decreased ET<inf>0</inf> is dominated by reduced sunshine hours, wind speed and increased relative humidity in low elevation area. So the high altitude area in upstream areas of of the Yellow River basin is taken as the 'energy-limited' system and the low elevation area as the 'water-limited' system.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Sensitivity analysis
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Climate change - Crops - Evaporation - Evapotranspiration - Models - Phase transitions - Water supply - Wind effects
Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Change process - Crop evapotranspiration - Growing season - High altitude - Long-term trend - Maximum values - Meteorological factors - Pan evaporation - Penman-Monteith - Penman-Monteith equations - Sensitivity coefficient - Small fluctuation - Study areas - Sunshine Hour - Variation characteristics - Weather stations - Wind speed - Yellow River basin - Yellow River basin , China
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567621
Title:Improvement and experiment of aerial electrostatic spray device
Authors:Zhou, Hongping (1); Ru, Yu (1); Shu, Chaoran (2); Jia, Zhicheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (2) General Station of Forest Pest Management of China, Shenyang 110034, China
Corresponding author:Ru, Y.(superchry@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:7-12
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Aerial electrostatic nozzle structure and performance are the main factors of aerial electrostatic spraying effect. Aimed at aerial electrostatic single-nozzle applied in the light plane, electrostatic electrode, nozzle material, nozzle processing technology, high-voltage wires and electrode connection, rotating screw joints, overflow valve body and so on were improved and redesigned. The theory and experiment of the nozzle's atomization charged mechanism and performance were studied. The comparative test of pine caterpillars control had been carried out on the improved electrostatic nozzle mounted on the light bee plane with the original electrostatic nozzle and the traditional fan nozzle. The results showed that the flow rate was high and even and the maximum charge-to-mass ratio reached 2.26 mC/kg when the improved aerial electrostatic nozzle applied in pressure of 0.35 Mpa, diameter of 0.8 mm, spray angle of 96°. Compared with the conventional aerial fan nozzle, the improved nozzle increased the droplet deposition by 18/cm2, shortened the operation time, reduced the pesticide quantity by 5.22 L/hectare and improved the effective prevention rate by 33.8%. Thus the new Aerial electrostatic nozzle can fully meet the need of air spray and achieve satisfactory effect in the prevention of pests and diseases.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Aviation - Electrostatics - Experiments - Nozzles - Pest control - Spraying
Uncontrolled terms:Air sprays - Charge-to-mass ratios - Comparative tests - Droplet deposition - Electrostatic nozzles - Electrostatic spray - Electrostatic spraying - Fan nozzles - High-voltages - Light plane - Operation time - Processing technologies - Screw joints - Spray angle
Classification code:431.1 Air Transportation, General - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 813.1 Coating Techniques - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567648
Title:Regional application and verification of spectral analysis model for assessing heavy-metal stress of rice
Authors:Li, Ting (1); Liu, Xiangnan (1); Liu, Meiling (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Liu, X.(liuxncugb@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:176-182
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is a key issue for identifying crops under heavy-metal contamination on a large scale using satellite remote sensing data based on ground-sample spectral analysis model for evaluating crops with heavy-metal stress level. In this paper, hyperspectral data and leaf chlorophyll concentration of rice, heavy-metal concentration of soil were collected from three different polluted paddies in Changchun city, Jilin province, China, at mean time, Hyperion data were obtained. Spectral indices sensitive to heavy-metal contamination were selected by multiple stepwise regressions, and BP neural network models were created to estimate chlorophyll concentrations in rice under heavy-metal stress, which indicated the level of heavy-metal contamination. It was founded that an optimum ground-sample spectral analysis model was 4-11-7-1 network architecture with logsig thansfer function, and the classification accuracy for each pollution level was 100%. Moreover, it was successful to apply the ground-sample spectral analysis model to Hyperion data, and then achieve large-scale application in monitoring rice under heavy-metal contamination, the classification accuracy for each pollution level was more than 80%. This research may provide important references for large-scale application in the spectral model for assessing rice under heavy-metal contamination.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Soil pollution
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Crops - Models - Network architecture - Neural networks - Pollution - Remote sensing - Spectrum analysis
Uncontrolled terms:BP neural network model - BP neural networks - Chlorophyll concentration - Classification accuracy - Contamination assessment - Hyperion - Hyperspectral Data - Jilin Province - Large-scale applications - Leaf chlorophyll - Multiple stepwise regression - Pollution level - Rice - Satellite remote sensing data - Spectral indices - Spectral models - Stress levels
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567663
Title:Effects of pretreatments on steam exposition efficiency of corn stalk
Authors:Wang, Fengqin (1); Yin, Shuangyao (1); Xie, Hui (1); Ren, Tianbao (1); Song, Andong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
Corresponding author:Song, A.(song1666@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:273-280
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To enhance the pretreatment effect for production of cellulose ethanol, the influences of water immersion and CaO treatments before steam explosion on the structure destruction of corn stalks and enzymatic saccharification were studied. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were involved in this study. The results showed that compared to the control (corn stalks pretreated with steam explosion), corn stalk immersed with 30% water (mass ratio of water to corn stalk was 30: 100) for 5 days, or treated with 2% CaO (mass ratio of CaO to corn stalk is 2: 100) for 3days, or treated with 2% CaO and 30% water for 1 day before steam explosion enhanced the lignin degradation rate from 20.7% to 27.8%, 35.1% and 30.9%, respectively; the concentrations of reducing sugars in the three pretreatments were 3.81, 3.59 and 3.46 g/100 mL respectively; and the sugar yields in the three pretreatments were 42.2%, 39.8% and 38.3% and increased by 23.7%, 16.6% and 12.3% respectively compared with the control. Pretreatment with 30% water immersion for 5 days and 2% CaO for 3 days intensified the destruction of surface structures and the degradation of lignin, the relative crystallinity of which increased by 47.0% and 54.5% respectively compared to the control (42.6%). Pretreatment with 30% water or 2% CaO exhibited high efficiency and sugar yields. It is benefit for the promotion of this technology with low-price and non-contaminating reagents.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Steam
Controlled terms:Degradation - Ethanol - Explosions - Field emission microscopes - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Lignin - Sugars - Water treatment - X ray diffraction
Uncontrolled terms:CaO - Corn stalk - Enzymatic saccharification - Field emission scanning electron microscopy - Lignin degradation - Mass ratio - Pre-Treatment - Pre-treatments - Pretreatment effects - Reducing sugars - Relative crystallinity - Steam explosion - Structure destruction - Sugar yield - Water immersion
Classification code:815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 801 Chemistry - 614 Steam Power Plants - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20124215567643
Title:Development of automatic irrigation and soil moisture monitoring system based on solar energy in citrus orchard
Authors:Li, Guanglin (1); Li, Xiaodong (1); Zeng, Qingxin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
Corresponding author:Li, G.(liguanglin@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:12
Issue date:June 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:146-152
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to irrigate orange garden with the goal of automation, save water and power, solar energy was used to supply the power for the automatic irrigation and soil moisture monitoring system. Soil moisture sensor was used to real-time detect water content in soil. To monitor the soil moisture of the orange garden, controller area network (CAN) bus and global system for mobile communications (GSM) network were used to transmit the results. Solar cell was used to charge Li-ion battery. Two Li-ion batterys were used to separate the charging and discharging process, which enhanced the stability of power supply of the system. Soil moisture sensor worked one time per 12 hours. The determined value was lower than the setting value, the radiotube would be open automatically, in contrast, the radiotube would be closed. Data of water content in soil of 666.7 m2 area was transferred to the main node through CAN bus, which transmitted the data to terminal computer by short messages. Below 10% and above 20% of the water content in soil was taken as the beginning and end of irrigation, respectively. With the sensor placed out of the dropper pipe about 50 mm, the irrigation time was about 6.7 hours. The experiments showed that the system ran stably, and could implement automatic irrigation and monitoring soil water content of the orange garden, which was significant for realizing water and energy saving irrigation.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Soil moisture
Controlled terms:Automation - Control system synthesis - Electrochemical cells - Global system for mobile communications - Irrigation - Microwave measurement - Moisture meters - Monitoring - Solar cells
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic irrigation - CAN bus - Controller area networkbus - Discharging process - GSM networks - Li-ion batteries - Power supply - Self-keeping status radiotube - Short message - Soil moisture monitoring - Soil moisture sensors - Soil water content - Water and energies - Water content in soil
Classification code:732 Control Devices - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements - 731.1 Control Systems - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 702.1 Electric Batteries - 702.3 Solar Cells - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 717 Optical Communication - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.12.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

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