Accession number:20122615179267
Title:Experiments on aerogenesis characteristics of anaerobic digestion of animal manure and corn straw
Authors:Luo, Juan (1); Dong, Baocheng (1); Chen, Ling (1); Gao, Xinxing (1); Wan, Xiaochun (1); Zhao, Lixin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, L.(zhaolixin5092@gmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:219-224
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide reference for the design of anaeroic digestor, the expansion characteristics of pig manure and corn stalks with different mixing ratio in the press of anaerobic digestion were discussed in this paper. Under the warm fermentation condition (35°C), the gas characteristics of three animal manure and three corn stalks were tested, and gas generation of 6 typical materials with warm fermentation condition were studied. The results showed that pig manure would expanse in anaerobic digestion, and the higher the dry matter content, the greater the coefficient of expansion. The biogas-producing efficiency of pig manure was the efficiency highest, and the value was 375.5 mL/g(TS). The physicochemical properties of corn stalks with different storage conditions played an important role in gas characteristics, and the no cob silage was the best storage manner, and the gas production was 445.8 mL/g(TS). This research provides a reference for the selection of the materials and optimization of anaerobic digestion.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Biogas - Biomass - Fermentation - Mammals - Manures - Raw materials
Uncontrolled terms:Animal manure - Coefficient of expansion - Corn stalk - Corn straws - Dry matter content - Fermentation conditions - Gas characteristics - Gas generation - Gas productions - Mixing ratios  - Physicochemical property - Pig manures - Storage condition
Classification code:452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 522 Gas Fuels - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179254
Title:Experimental study on rill evolution process and runoff-sediment relationship for gentle slope
Authors:He, Jijun (1); Sun, Liying (2); Li, Junlan (3); Cai, Qiangguo (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Elementary Educational College, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Cai, Q.(caiqg@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:138-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, the indoor simulated rainfall experiment with pure water was conducted to study rill evolution process and relationship between runoff and sediment for Yangling soil and Ansai soil under the fixed slope gradient (10°) and two rainfall intensities (1.5 mm/min, 2.0 mm/min). Results showed that rill was evolved from a series of step-down floor which were parallel to each other and distributed with line at slope surface direction. Yangling soil produced the rill with a small rainfall intensity, and Aasai soil produced the rill only with larger rainfall intensity. The change rule of sediment concentration and erosion rate and the moment of forming step-down floor and rill have good consistency, and the increasing rainfall intensity has little influence on sediment concentration and erosion rate for Yangling soil, however, sediment concentration and erosion rate for Aasai soil could increase rapidly and exceed Yangling soil with the emergence of rill when the rainfall intensity was larger. For Yangling soil, the rill could not cause obvious change of sediment concentration and erosion rate, however, for Ansai soil, rill formation could result in a sharp increase of sediment concentration and erosion amount.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Erosion - Floors - Rain - Runoff - Sediment transport - Sedimentation - Sedimentology
Uncontrolled terms:Erosion rates - Evolution process - Experimental studies - Gentle slopes - Pure water - Rainfall intensity - Rill formation - Sediment concentration - Sediment yields - Sharp increase  - Simulated rainfall - Slope gradients - Slope surfaces
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 444.1 Surface Water - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 402 Buildings and Towers - 443.3 Precipitation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179261
Title:Application of spatial statistical analysis in monitoring cow endemic fluorosis based on GIS
Authors:Li, Lin (1); Yang, Yong (2); Dong, Jing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (2) School of Information and Electric Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Y.(yangsyau@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:185-188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the monitoring of animal epidemics, the amount of monitoring spots is few and the monitored data limited. Therefore, how to use the limited data to show the general spatial distribution of animal epidemics is the key to build efficient spatial monitoring method. In this paper the GEODA and ArcGIS were used to analyze the endemic fluorosis spatial distribution of district No. A based on the spatial characteristic of the density of cow endemic fluorosis in district No. A, and a prediction model to estimate the cow endemic fluorosis distribution was established. Compared with the true actual distribution, the prediction model had better results in prediction effect. Moreover, the space statistics-related prediction model provides a reference for space-related animal epidemics.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Epidemiology
Controlled terms:Animals - Geographic information systems - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Endemic fluorosis - Limited data - Monitoring methods - Prediction model - Spatial characteristics - Spatial statistics
Classification code:822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 814 Leather and Tanning - 921 Mathematics - 723.3 Database Systems - 461.7 Health Care - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179239
Title:Development and experiment of continuous producing machine for fermented straws feed
Authors:Shi, Jianfang (1); Liu, Qing (1); Liu, Jingjing (2); Xiang, Heng (3); Xie, Qizhen (1); Shao, Guang (1); Zhao, Yuqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Product Processing Engineering, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (3) College of Industry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Shi, J.(shijianfang@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:33-38
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the problems in the technology of converting straw into animal feed, including long fermenting cycle and taking up large space, and to realize the fast and efficient production of fermented straw feed, the continuous producing machine for fermented straw feed was designed based on the fermentation technology of the prior and partial degradation of the lignocellulose. A series of experiments with a period of 3 days was conducted by a continuous gradient way, using corn stalk, rice stalk and wheat stalk as materials respectively and applying the composite microbial system of MC1 as inoculants, and the producing machine was improved according to its performance during the experiment. The result showed that the producing machine performed best with corn stalk as stock, which became loose and soft after 3 days' fermentation and a small quantity of hemicellulose while few cellulose and lignin was degraded. In conclusion, the continuous producing machine with lower energy consumption was simple to be operated and convenient to be used, and the period of fermentation was short. This machine developed is feasible to convert the corn stalk into animal feed efficiently and continuously.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Animals - Cellulose - Degradation - Energy utilization - Experiments - Lignin - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Animal feed - Corn stalk - Efficient production - Feed - Large spaces - Machine of producing fermented feed - Microbial system - Partial degradation - Rice stalk
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 814 Leather and Tanning - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179245
Title:Farm machinery scheduling and allocating based on heuristic priority rules
Authors:Zhang, Fan (1); Teng, Guifa (2); Ma, Jianbin (3); Chang, Shuhui (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; (2) Graduate School, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; (3) School of Information Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
Corresponding author:Teng, G.(tguifa@hebau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:78-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Aiming at the present situation of lacking of scientific and reasonable scheme in farm machinery scheduling and allocating, farm machinery scheduling and allocating was proposed based on owners' choices and the optimization models with the goal of high-income and low-cost in this paper. According to the characteristics of farm machinery scheduling and allocating, the integrated priority rules were analyzed and the scheduling and allocating algorithms with heuristic priority rules were designed. Different scheduling and allocating schemes were obtained by calculating farmland instances with the general algorithm and the proposed algorithm in the paper. Compared with the aspects of service income, scheduling distances and waiting time, scheduling and allocating scheme acquired by the proposed algorithm was superior to that by the general algorithm. The effects of farmland amount and parallel degree on the algorithm performances were analyzed. It was concluded that the algorithm proposed in the paper is more effective and reasonable.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Scheduling algorithms
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Farms - Heuristic algorithms - Heuristic methods - Optimization - Scheduling
Uncontrolled terms:Algorithm performance - Allocating pattern - Allocating strategy - Farm machinery - Optimization models - Present situation - Priority rules - Waiting-time
Classification code:723.1 Computer Programming - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 912.2 Management - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179269
Title:Dynamic change of land use in Changhua downstream watershed based on CA-Markov model
Authors:Xiao, Ming (1); Wu, Jiqiu (2); Chen, Qiubo (3); Jin, Meijia (2); Hao, Xueying (2); Zhang, Yangjian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Ecosyst. Network Observ. and Modeling Inst. of Geographic Sci. and Nat. Resources Res., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (2) Key Lab. of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Haikou 571101, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.(zhangyj@igsnrr.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:231-238
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study land use change trend and find out the series relationships between driving factors, taking the Changhua downstream watershed in Hainan province as the study area, the land use scenario in 2018 was simulated and forecasted on the basis of land use types interpretation of 1998 and 2008, rainfall, slope and range of distance data by means of CA-Markov model. Results showed that the simulation accuracy by this model attained 77.67%, and most area of forest and rivers were transformed into orchards. The change of rivers was in accord with real GDP per capita increasing or decreasing. Most area of forest's transformation occurred in places of real GDP per capita with low level. Area of forest and rivers with population of 200000 to 470000 was mainly transformed. Therefore, protective measures for natural resources and reasonable regional development mode should be taken to reserve natural resources better. This study provides a policy basis for ecological protection and optimization of resources allocation.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Economics
Controlled terms:Cellular automata - Computer simulation - Forestry - Land use - Landforms - Markov processes - Models - Natural resources - Rain - Regional planning  - Rivers - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Driving factors - Dynamic changes - Ecological protection - Hainan Province - Land use type - Land-use change - Land-use scenario - Low level - Per capita - Protective measures  - Regional development - Resources allocation - Simulation accuracy - Study areas - Trend analysis
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics - 922.1 Probability Theory - 971 Social Sciences - 512 Petroleum and Related Deposits - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 443.3 Precipitation - 444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 481.1 Geology - 501 Exploration and Prospecting
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179273
Title:Effects of natamycin coating compounds on fresh-keeping of grape during storage
Authors:Liu, Meiying (1); Zhou, Huiling (1); Wu, Zhulian (1); Wu, Yawei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, H.(zhouhuiling@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:259-266
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the physiological mechanisms of natamycin combined with chitosan coating compounds on fresh-keeping of red-globe grape, 1% chitosan combined with 0.20%, 0.40%, 0.60% concentration of natamycin respectively was used to be coated on red-globe grape, which was compared with untreated control and the sample was coated with 1% chitosan in cool storage conditions. The results showed that the decay rate of the grapes in the treatment groups reduced. Coating fusion liquid with different concentration of natamycin and 1% chitosan could increase the activity of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and the MDA contents, with the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of red-globe grape restrained. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased. Coating fusion liquid with 0.40% natamycin and 1% chitosan had better effect on the storage of the red-globe grape, and the decay rate is only 8.52% after 120 days in cool storage. Meantime, the compounds maintained the low activities of respiratory intensity, delayed the senescence and softening of fruit, and prolonged the storage time of the red-grape fruit. This paper provides a new method for fresh-keeping of grape.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Amino acids - Chitosan - Coatings - Decay (organic) - Energy storage - Liquids - Oxygen - Physiology - Principal component analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Chitosan coatings - Cool storage - Decay rate - Natamycin - Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase - Physiological mechanisms - Polyphenol oxidase - Red-globe - Storage time - Superoxide dismutases  - Treatment group - Untreated control
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179249
Title:Change of water budget for dryland crops and its response to climate change in Sichuan province
Authors:Zhang, Shunqian (1); Deng, Biao (2); Yang, Yunjie (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610071, China; (2) Climate Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610071, China; (3) Computer College of Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, S.(z_sqian@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:105-111
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Change of water budget for dryland crops and its response to climate change in SiChuan province for the whole growth period and key growth phases for corn, wheat, rape on each sub region last 40 years were analyzed. Based on each ten-day historical records of meteorology data, soil moisture and crops growth data in 53 agriculture-meteorological stations in Sichuan during the period between 1971 and 2009, farmland water balance and the method of climate change trends climate trend were used in five climatic sub-regions in Sichuan. The results demonstrated that during the whole growth phases and the key growth phases, wheat and rape crops were in water deficit in sub-regions, but the deficit quantity in the key growth phases showed a decreasing trend. Temperature and vapor pressure in sub-regions were presented as increasing trend, and the wind speed and sunshine hours as decreasing trend. Water budget was positively correlated with precipitation and vapor pressure and was negatively correlated with temperature, sunlight, and wind speed. It can be concluded that the water budget of dryland crops in SiChuan was shown as water deficit, however, the water deficit degree reduced with the sunlight hours and wind speed decreased.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Crops
Controlled terms:Budget control - Climate change - Evaporation - Hydrostatic pressure - Meteorology - Soil moisture - Temperature - Vapors - Wind effects
Uncontrolled terms:Climate trends - Dryland crops - Growth data - Growth period - Growth phasis - Historical records - Sichuan - Sichuan province - Sub-regions - Sunshine Hour  - Water balance - Water budget - Water deficits - Wind speed
Classification code:911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 451 Air Pollution - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 443 Meteorology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179265
Title:Remedying PAHs contaminated farmland soil by zucchini with earthworm and fermented cow dung application
Authors:Bai, Jianfeng (1); Qin, Hua (2); Wang, Jingwei (1); Zhang, Chenlong (1); Lin, Xiangui (3); Hu, Junli (3); Zhang, Jing (3); Wang, Yiming (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Urban Development and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Bai, J.(jfbai@eed.sspu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:208-213
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants in the soil. Efficient remediation of PAHs in the soil has been a hot research. In this study, inoculated earthworms and fermented cow dung were used to phytoremedy soil contaminated by PAHs in order to improve the efficiency of bioremediation. A pot culture experiment was carried out to study the influence of fermented cow dung (FCW) and earthworm on remedying soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using zucchini (Cucurbita moschata. Four treatments containing (1) adding FCW; (3) earthworms inoculation; (3) earthworms inoculation and adding FCW; (4) non-inoculum and adding FCW (CK); (5) non-inoculum, adding FCW and planting(NO), were applied to PAHs contaminating soil. The plants were harvested after 10 weeks of growth. The joint action of earthworm inoculation and adding FCW promoted plant biomass and was good for plant surviving in soil contaminated by PAHs. The treatment of earthworm inoculation only and FCW added improved the efficiency that PAHs (3-5 rings) were absorbed into the plant, and the lowest PAHs content in shoots was 6 times of that in roots. Compared to the role of the soil itself, the removal efficiency of PAHs compounds above 3 ring increased more than 23% by interaction of earthworms inoculation, FCW and zucchini. Therefore, with earthworms and FCW, the zucchini played a potential role in phytoremediation of PAHs contaminating soil.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Bioremediation - Contamination - Fertilizers - Manures - Organic pollutants - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Soil pollution - Soil pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Cow dung - Cucurbita moschata - Earthworm - Farmland soils - Joint actions - PAHs(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) - Persistent organic pollutant (POP) - Phytoremediation - Plant biomass - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)  - Pot culture - Removal efficiencies - Zucchini
Classification code:452.3 Industrial Wastes - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179270
Title:Spatial-temporal distribution of cultivated land production capacity in Shaanxi province
Authors:Li, Jianping (1); Shangguan, Zhouping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Shangguan, Z.(shangguan@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:239-246
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to evaluate the status of cultivated land production capacity in Shaanxi province, indexes of cultivated land capacity were analyzed based on average grain yield data of each county (2008-2010) and GIS software. The indexes were composed of realistic use capacity of cultivated land, theoretical use capacity of cultivated land, realizable production capacity and theoretical production capacity, meanwhile space distribution of the indexes were represented. Sequential variation of cultivated land pressure index were calculated based on data of grain yield and grain consumption form 1978 to 2008 of Shaanxi province. The result showed that cultivated land with smaller realistic use capacity of mainly spread over mid of north Shaanxi and westward of mid Shaanxi and were major input regions of agricultural technology and labor force. Theoretical use capacity of cultivated land index was stronger in central and western regions than north and southeast region in Shaanxi. In addition, sequential variation of cultivated land pressure index with among years was presented as a larger fluctuation and demonstrated the contradiction between cultivated land protection and occupation trend towards moderate because of agricultural technological progress and policies guidance in the last few years. The size of realizable production capacity was ranked as following sequence: mid of Northern Shaanxi and westward of Central Shaanxi > north of Northern Shaanxi and Central Shaanxi > south region of Shaanxi. Meanwhile, theoretical production capacity of southeast region was higher than that of northwest region in Shaanxi province. This research provides scientific evidences for planning cultivated land use and food security.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Food supply - Geographic information systems - Grain (agricultural product) - Productivity
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivated lands - Food security - GIS software - Grain yield - Labor force - Pressure index - Production capacity - Scientific evidence - Shaanxi province - Space distribution  - Spatial-temporal distribution - Technological progress - Use intensity - Western region
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 404.2 Civil Defense - 723.3 Database Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.1 Production Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179255
Title:Effects of deficit irrigation on growth, water and carbon fluxes of Euonymus japonicas for green roof
Authors:Wang, Caiyuan (1); Yang, Peiling (1); Li, Yunkai (1); Ren, Shumei (1); Lu, Lu (2); Zhao, Lu (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Harbin Water Conservancy Planning and Design and Research Institute Company Limited, Harbin 150076, China; (3) Tancheng River Channel Management Bureau of Yishu River Water Management Bureau, Huaihe River Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, P.R.C., Linyi 276000, China
Corresponding author:Yang, P.(yangpeiling@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:145-150
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the contradiction between the development of large areas of urban Greenland and scarcity of land and water resources for Greenland in Beijing, the implementation of green-roof vegetation is important. In this paper, the typical green-roof plant (E. japonicus) as the research object, the physiological response, landscape function and ecological serves function of E. japonicus were analyzed with the pot experiments in 4 different treatments of full irrigation (CK) (90%-100?), low water stress (LWS) (75%-85?), moderate water stress (MWS) (65%-75?), and serious water stress (SWS) (50%-60?) treatments. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of E. japonicus was LWS>MWS>SWS respectively in three treatments of water stress. The difference of the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf area, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and water use efficiency between CK and LWS was around 5%. In terms of ecological serves function there is no big differences for carbon fixation and oxygen release, and cooling and humidity of E. japonicus under different soil moisture levels. The LWS (75%-85?) stimulated the growth of E. japonicus, and effectively regulated the distribution of the assimilation. Therefore, LWS (75%-85?) is the optimal water-saving irrigation model.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Plants (botany)
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Ecology - Evaporation - Irrigation - Physiological models - Roofs - Soil moisture - Transpiration - Water resources - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon fixation - Carbon fluxes - Chlorophyll contents - Deficit irrigation - E.japonicus - Green-roof - Greenland - Leaf area - Low water - Moisture level  - Oxygen release - Photosynthetic rate - Physiological response - Pot experiment - Research object - Stomatal conductance - Transpiration rates - Water stress - Water use efficiency - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 402 Buildings and Towers - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179259
Title:Retrieving leaf area index of winter wheat using HJ-1-A/B CCD2 data
Authors:Zhao, Hu (1); Pei, Zhiyuan (1); Ma, Shangjie (1); Wang, Lianlin (2); Ma, Zhiping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Agriculture Resource Monitoring Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) Agriculture Planning Office of Yutian Country, Yutian 064100, Hebei Province, China
Corresponding author:Pei, Z.(peizhiyuan@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:172-176
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important biophysical parameters of crop and other land surface vegetation. In order to improve the accuracy of retrieving leaf area index of winter wheat using HJ CCD data, the accuracy of different vegetation indices and regression models were compared and analyzed from the aspects of growth stages on the basis of five common vegetation indices including NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), EVI (enhanced vegetation index), EVI2 (two-bands enhanced vegetation index), RVI (ratio vegetation index) and SAVI (soil adjusted vegetation index) and three common regression models. The results showed that LAI and all five vegetation indices had good correlative relationship except at reproductive growth stage. Exponential and linear regression model were the best regression models for the whole growth stage and the vegetative stage, respectively. EVI performed better than other four indices when simulated at the whole growth stage (R²=0.9348), and SAVI was the best index for LAI retrieving at vegetative growth stage (R²=0.9404). This paper provides the reference for LAI inversion by vegetation index of winter wheat.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Vegetation
Controlled terms:Crops - Linear regression - Models - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Biophysical parameters - Correlative relationship - Enhanced vegetation index - Growth stages - Land surface - Leaf Area Index - Linear regression models - Normalized difference vegetation index - Ratio vegetation indices - Regression model  - Reproductive growth - Vegetation index - Vegetative growth - Winter wheat
Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179236
Title:Development on small pesticide spraying machine with real-time mixing and remote-control spraying
Authors:Xu, Lijia (1); Ran, Chunsen (1); Wang, Wenjuan (1); Liu, Han (1); Hu, Meihui (1); Zhao, Wenlong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Information and Engineering Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
Corresponding author:Xu, L.(lijiaxu01@sohu.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:13-19
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to using small warranty pesticide spraying machine in some certain areas and overcome low efficiency of manual spray and remove the hazards on the operators in the spraying process, a pesticide spraying machine was developed based on the single chip computer and the technique of wireless remote control. The machine was composed of a water storage tank, a spray system, boom control system, a running system, a power supply system and a wireless remote control system. The sample machine was 41.5 kg and was tested. The testing results showed that the speed of the machine was as fast as 1500 m/h, performance of which was stable and reliable, the maximum spraying area was 8000 m²/h while the area of manual spraying was 1000-3000 m²/h, and spraying speed was 2-3 times of the manual spraying speed. The machine can guarantee the safety of operator by completing the spraying process using the remote control and can reduce the pesticide waste and remove environmental pollution because the way of online spraying and preparation simultaneously.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Pesticides
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Control systems - Electric power systems - Remote control
Uncontrolled terms:Environmental pollutions - Pesticide spraying - Running systems - Single chip computers - Spray machines - Spray systems - Spraying process - STC89C52 - Testing results - Water storage tanks  - Wireless remote control - Wireless remote control systems
Classification code:706.1 Electric Power Systems - 731.1 Control Systems - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179258
Title:Surveying soil erosion condition in Loess Plateau using soil erosion model
Authors:Zhang, Yan (1); Liu, Xianchun (2); Li, Zhiguang (2); Zhu, Qingke (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combat, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forest University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Soil Conservation Monitoring Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Y.(zhangyan9@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:165-171
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Soil erosion survey is important for land resources protection and natural disasters prevention. A new soil erosion survey method was proposed and Wuqi county in Shaanxi province was taken as a research object. 39 units were sampled by 1% uniform sampling ratio. Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE) was used to calculate soil loss, which was compared with soil loss estimated by "standards for classification and gradation of soil erosion". Average soil erosion modulus by two methods was 4571 t/(km²·a) and 5 504 t/(²·a) respectively, but the area and spatial distribution of soil loss in each grade were obviously different between them. More information was obtained on land use/land cover, soil conservation practices and soil properties by uniform sampling survey than that obtained by remote sensing and the information was properly representative of the whole survey region. Compared to "Standards for Classification and Gradation of Soil Erosion", soil erosion effecting factors include else factors such as soil erodibility, slope length and soil conservation practices were considered in CSLE. Therefore, survey results based on sampling and soil loss prediction model are more reliable than those based on remote sensing and "standards for classification and gradation of soil erosion".
Number of references:24
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Disaster prevention - Erosion - Mathematical models - Remote sensing - Sampling - Soil conservation - Soils - Standards - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:AS-soils - Conservation practices - Effecting factors - Land resources - Land use/land cover - Loess Plateau - Natural disasters - Research object - Slope length - Soil erosion  - Soil loss - Soil loss equations - Soil property - Soil-erosion model - Survey methods - Uniform sampling
Classification code:914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 801 Chemistry - 731.1 Control Systems - 921 Mathematics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 405.3 Surveying - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179250
Title:Effects of no-tillage on dryland soil water infiltration characteristics under rotation in Loess Plateau
Authors:Guo, Xiaoxia (1); Liu, Jinghui (1); Tian, Lu (1); Li, Lijun (1); Zhao, Baoping (1); Zhang, Xiangqian (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Agronomy College of Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Huhhot 010019, China; (2) Plant Protection Institute of Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Huhhot 010010, China
Corresponding author:Liu, J.(cauljh@Yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:112-117
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate effects of no-tillage combined with rotation on the time-space variation characteristics of soil water infiltration in dry-farming land during 2005-2010, effects of conventional tillage (T) was compared with no-tillage with low stubble (NL), no-tillage with high stubble (NH), low stubble with mulching (NLS), high stubble with mulching (NHS) on soil water infiltration characteristics under three crop rotation patterns (oat-soybean-corn, soybean-corn-oat, corn-oat-soybean) in Qingshuihe county of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that no-tillage and rotation, especially the combined tillage measure improved the soil water infiltration capacity obviously and the effects of no-tillage with oat-soybean-corn pattern were best. When soil water content in 0-20 cm soil layer was high (low), soil water initial infiltration rate was low (high), but soil water stable infiltration rate had the same trend with soil water content and the soil water stable infiltration rate decreased with the depth of soil layer increased. After two rotation cycles, the soil water initial infiltration rate of NL, NH, NLS and NHS decreased by 18.6%, 24.93%, 27.31% and 29.95% respectively, and the soil water stable infiltration rate of them increased 22.22%, 34.61%, 82.05% and 104.70% compared to that of T. So no-tillage combined with rotation can improve soil water infiltration characteristics obviously.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Infiltration
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Cultivation - Oilseeds - Rotation - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Conventional tillage - Crop rotation - Dryland - Infiltration rate - Inner Mongolia - Investigate effects - Loess Plateau - No tillage - Rotation cycle - Soil layer  - Soil water - Soil water content - Time-space variations
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179251
Title:Optimizing and uncertainty evaluation of soil and crop parameters in root zone water quality model
Authors:Fang, Quanxiao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Dryland Farming Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Fang, Q.(fqx01@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:118-123
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Reducing uncertainty in optimizing agricultural system model parameters is the key issue for model applications. An automated parameter estimation software (PEST) was used to calibrate the soil parameters and crop genetic parameters in the root zone water quality model (RZWQM). The simulation results optimized by PEST were better than the calibration results via manual trial and error method, and showed higher efficiency. Parameterization uncertainty analysis of the model by PEST showed that the calibration data selection, initial parameter value, soil hydraulic parameter estimation method, interactions between these different parameter types and objective functions (error resources) had significant influences on PEST optimization results. Similar optimized soil hydraulic parameters were obtained from above processes, but produced different soil water retention curve. By above assessment, the uncertainty in RZWQM parameter optimization was reduced with improved soil water and crop yield predictions. This result can help optimize parameters of other similar models by PEST.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Calibration - Crops - Curve fitting - Data reduction - Models - Optimization - Parameter estimation - Quality assurance - Soil moisture - Uncertainty analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural system - Automated parameter estimation - Calibration data - Crop yield - Genetic parameters - Higher efficiency - Initial parameter - Model application - Objective functions - Parameter optimization  - PEST - Root zone water quality models - Similar models - Soil hydraulic parameters - Soil parameters - Soil water - Soil water retention curves - Trial-and-error method - Uncertainty evaluation
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 922.1 Probability Theory - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179235
Title:Development and experiment on 3MQ-600 type air-assisted boom sprayer with air-deflector
Authors:Liu, Xuemei (1); Yuan, Jin (1); Zhang, Xiaohui (1); Liu, Fengle (3); Li, Shengqi (4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai'an 271018, China; (3) Rui Chi Machinery Co., Ltd., Tai'an 271000, China; (4) Laiwu Agricultural Science Research Institute, Laiwu 271100, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(zhangxh@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:8-12
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To reduce droplets drifting and improve the droplets penetration and utilization, 3MQ-600 type air-assisted boom sprayer with air-deflector was designed. Hydraulic motor, axial fan, diaphragm pump and other components were driven by tractor and hydraulic pumps. The new grid-like deflector was installed in the air duct, and the flow structure inside the duct was optimized. Experimental results showed that, compared with no wind screen spraying, the average number of droplets increased by 29.5% and the coefficient of variation decreased by 78.5% along the boom in the uniformity of spraying volume, and droplets drift decreased by 45%, and droplet deposition in the middle and bottom parts of crops reaches 50.8% in the crop canopy droplet penetrability. The machine has high performance and reduces drift droplet deposition performance, better utilization of pesticides.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Drops
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Crops - Deposition - Experiments - Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulic motors - Spraying
Uncontrolled terms:Air ducts - Air-assisted spraying - Average numbers - Axial fans - Boom sprayer - Coefficient of variation - Crop canopy - Diaphragm pumps - Droplet deposition - Grid-like  - Hydraulic pump
Classification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 813.1 Coating Techniques - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179234
Title:Discussion on classification method of protected agricultural engineering technology
Authors:Qi, Fei (1); Zhou, Xinqun (2); Ding, Xiaoming (1); Wei, Xiaoming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Protected Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) Science and Technology Department, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Farm Building in Structure and Construction, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
Corresponding author:Qi, F.(qf2008@188.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-7
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Protected horticultural technology in China has being developed into a system with more and more completely systematic characteristics and has being become the most active element in the development of the industry. As a fundamental critical study for revealing the characteristics of protected horticultural technology system, improving the discipline construction and instructing the scientific research and technique extension, technology classification was in need of the methodology and practice study to guide the comprehensive coordination and sustainable development of protected agricultural engineering technology based on understanding the different contradiction and special motion of different technical objects. Based on the generalized conception and generalized elements of protected agricultural engineering technology, 4 level line classification method was put forward, which identified the attributes of technical chain, technology link, technology function and technology measures of the protected agricultural engineering technology respectively, through the analysis of the content and features of protected agricultural engineering technology, and existing technical classification methods, by following the systematic rules of hierarchy, stability, openness, and reality. The facility horticultural technology was taken as an example to validate classification method. The results showed that the method could comparatively reflect the engineering technology panorama of protected agricultural and reveal the structure and functional characteristics of the technology system. This research provides reference and theoretical support for the discipline development, technological innovation as well as industrial upgrading.
Number of references:32
Main heading:Engineering technology
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Agriculture - Classification (of information) - Computer systems - Industrial research - Technology
Uncontrolled terms:4-level - Active elements - Classification methods - Functional characteristics - Generalized elements - Industrial upgrading - Protected horticulture - Scientific researches - Technical classification - Technical objects  - Technological innovation - Technology system
Classification code:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179272
Title:Optimization of optical measurement model for mass density of cotton fiber
Authors:An, Guanghui (1); Ma, Rong (1); Lu, Shuai (1); Liu, Yang (1); Lin, Xinjie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, ShiHezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Corresponding author:Ma, R.(lzymrlhs@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:253-258
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The establishment of the detectible model of the cotton fiber mass density plays an important role in detecting the cotton flow for the pipeline of the online measurement through the pneumatic transportation. In this paper, the basic law of the light absorption was managed to study the attenuation of the cotton fibers for the light of the different wavelength. The results showed that changes of breed, moisture and ambient temperature had no significant relationship with the test results, when the near-infrared of the wavelength of 940 nm was selected as a light source. Therefore the near-infrared of the wavelength of 940 nm was selected as the emitter and the mass density measurement system of the cotton fiber was built. The decay rate of the light intensity of the cotton fiber was measured, the corresponding region of the actual measurement of cotton fiber quality was combined and regression analysis was used to establish the detectible model of the cotton fiber mass density. The validation results of the model demonstrated that the average error of the measurement results reached 6.1%.This research lays a foundation for on line monitoring of cotton flow rate in cotton pipe and developing sensors of cotton flow rate.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Fibers
Controlled terms:Cotton - Cotton fibers - Decay (organic) - Flow rate - Infrared devices - Light sources - Mass transportation - Optical data processing - Optical testing - Regression analysis  - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Attenuation rate - Average errors - Cotton fiber quality - Decay rate - Light intensity - Mass densities - Measurement results - Near Infrared - On-line measurement - Online monitoring  - Optical measurement - Pneumatic transportation - Validation results
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 819.1 Natural Fibers - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass - 811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 631 Fluid Flow - 444 Water Resources - 431.2 Passenger Air Transportation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179257
Title:Estimation methods of slope gradient and slope length in watershed based on GIS and multiple flow direction algorithm
Authors:Zhang, Hongming (1); Yang, Qinke (2); Li, Rui (1); Liu, Qingrui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Department of Urbanology and Resource Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Li, R.(lirui@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:159-164
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The universal soil loss equation (USLE) and revised USLE (RUSLE) are often used to estimate soil erosion at regional landscape scales, however the method of extracting the topography (LS) factor is the main limiting factor. The principles, methods, processes for extracting topography factor from watershed scale were discussed based on slope hydrology and soil erosion. With the consideration of the flow divergence and convergence, sedimentation, channels conditions, an estimation method for topography factor was proposed based on multiple flow direction algorithm and GIS. A tool named LS-TOOL was designed for calculating. Comparing with the two methodologies of AML(ARC Macro Language) and C ), LS_TOOL delivers improved the LS factor. The results showed that results calculated by LS_TOOL was more closely with the reality of the Xiannangou catchment than results by AML and C in spatial pattern, and LS_TOOL was more efficient than AML and a little bit lower efficient than C . This research indicated the LS_TOOL can automatically calculate topography factor for watershed and regional scale.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Geographic information systems
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Catchments - Erosion - Estimation - Geologic models - Landforms - Models - Sediment transport - Soils - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Channel network - Cumulative slope length - Estimation methods - Macro languages - Multiple flows - Regional landscapes - Regional scale - Slope gradients - Slope hydrology - Slope length  - Soil erosion - Spatial patterns - Topographic factor - Topography factor - Universal soil loss equation - Watershed scale
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723.3 Database Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 444.1 Surface Water - 444 Water Resources - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179252
Title:Study on ecological compensation in upper stream of Heihe river basin based on SWAT model and minimum-data approach
Authors:Liu, Yuqing (1); Xu, Zhongmin (1); Nan, Zhuotong (3)
Author affiliation:(1) China Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and Integrated River Basin Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (2) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (3) Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Z.(xzmin@lzb.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:124-130
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Relationship between land use change and supply of ecological services is a key for payments of environmental services. Based on payments for environmental services in upper stream of Heihe River Basin, the effect of payments prices change on the ratio of grazing prohibition and its provision of water conservation services was analyzed. The results showed as following: 1) the average expected rate of water conservation services between grazing and grazing prohibition was 25.27 m³/hm²; 2) the constructed SWAT model was shown well to simulate hydrology processes in upper stream of Heihe River basin and relative error of average annual discharges reached 16.3% and 15.6%, Ens reached 0.81 and 0.88 and R² reached 0.94 and 0.93 in the model calibration and verification period respectively; 3) difference of opportunity cost in grazing prohibition existed in each sub-basin, and the average opportunity cost in grazing prohibition was 289.99 Yuan/hm²; 4) the additional ratio of grazing prohibition and the supply of water conservation services were difference when the payments were different. When all low-quality grassland shifted from grazing to grazing prohibition the total supply of water conservation services amounted to 7.79 × 10⁸ m³ and the additional services could reach 7.66 × 10⁸ m³ during 1990 and 2000. This paper provides a scientific foundation for determination of compensation standard and space choice of ecological compensation object.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Water conservation
Controlled terms:Compensation (personnel) - Costs - Ecology - Law enforcement - Water resources - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Ecological compensation - Ecological services - Environmental services - Heihe river basin - Land-use change - Low qualities - Minimum-data approach - Model calibration and verification - Opportunity costs - Relative errors  - Subbasins - SWAT model - Upper stream
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 912.4 Personnel - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179271
Title:Evaluating intensive land use situation of development zone based on cloud models
Authors:Wang, Mingshu (1); Zhu, Ming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, M.(zhumingnju@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:247-252
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Due to the problem that current methods obtaining the weight values in intensive land use evaluation is influenced much by subjectivity of experts, cloud models to determine weight values were introduced in this study. Taking Guilin Advanced Technology Industry Development Zone as an example, cloud models was applied in intensive land use evaluation of development zone. Results showed that the comprehensive intensive land use value of Guilin Advanced Technology Industry Development Zone was 0.889, which achieved a sound balance between the supply and demand of land use. The state of land use reached a relatively high level of land use intensity as well as industrial land coverage. Based on land use efficiency, the output intensity of industrial land and high-tech land were both relatively high. In terms of management performance, there was no idle land, which suggested relatively perfect outcome of management. In the end, this paper summarized the advantages of using cloud models by presenting a more objective outcome and more easy-to-achieve algorithm. The application of Cloud Models is conducive to intensive land use evaluation in a more scientific way, so that it will benefit the policy-making processes of Guilin Advanced Technology Industry Development Zone.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Economics
Controlled terms:Indicators (instruments) - Land use - Models
Uncontrolled terms:Advanced technology industries - Cloud models - Development zone - Guilin - Industrial land - Land use efficiency - No-idle - Output intensity - Policy making - Supply and demand  - Weight values - Zone-based
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 944.3 Pressure Measuring Instruments - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179237
Title:Development of 4FZ-30 self-propelled tomato harvester
Authors:Li, Chengsong (1); Kan, Za (1); Tan, Hongyang (1); Zhang, Ruoyu (1); Sun, Ribin (1); Chen, Duanfeng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (2) Agricultural Machinery Key Laboratories, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China
Corresponding author:Kan, Z.(kz-shz@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:20-26
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To adapt to harvesting the processing tomato's in a large area, a self-propelled harvester for processing tomato was designed. The overall structure and the working principle of three core parts of a self-propelled harvester were described, which was composed of cutting-picking device, separation devices, and color sorting device. The field experiment was conducted. The results showed that when the terrain was flat, the absolute moisture content of soil was 18% and maturity of tomato was 98%, the machine's average productivity was 0.26 hm²/h, average loss rate was 4.36%, average damage rate was 4.10% and average impurity rate was 3.09%. Every indicator of the harvester was accord with industry standards NY/T1824-2009. This research lays a foundation of accelerating process of localization research of tomato harvester.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Harvesters
Controlled terms:Construction - Design - Fruits
Uncontrolled terms:Accelerating process - Average loss - Color sorting - Core part - Damage rate - Field experiment - Industry standards - Separation devices - Tomato harvester - Working principles
Classification code:405 Construction Equipment and Methods; Surveying - 408 Structural Design - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179253
Title:Analysis of maize salt tolerance in Hetao irrigation district and its ecological adaptable region
Authors:Tong, Wenjie (1); Chen, Zhongdu (1); Chen, Fu (1); Liu, Qian (1); Li, Zhonghao (1); Wen, Xinya (1); Gao, Hongyong (2); Chen, Aiping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Administration of Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia, Bayannaoer 015100, China
Corresponding author:Chen, F.(chenfu@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:131-137
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the ecological adaptability of maize to root-zone soil salinity in Hetao Irrigation District, salt tolerance functions of maize was established based on the located observation in fields and the nonlinear least squares numerical approximation method. Meanwhile, the division standard of different ecological adaptable regions of the maize in Hetao Irrigation District based on the salt tolerance was proposed. The results showed that plastic film mulching in saline land had a good effect on salinity control in production, which reduced 61.2%, 53.8% and 41.3% of 0-10, 0-20 and 0-40 cm soil salinity in maize seedling, respectively and improved maize ecological adaptability to salinity. Both the piecewise linear response function and the nonlinear S-shaped functions could effectively present the relationship between maize relative yield and electrical conductivity of soil saturation extract. soil salinity in the layer 0-40 cm was the most representative of root-zone salinity to maize salt tolerance analysis, and salinity tolerance index of Zhongyu 9 maize was 8.303. According to the salt tolerance, the farm land into the most suitable region, suitable region, sub-suitable region and unsuitable region were divided, where the salinity of 0 to 20 cm soil layer out of plastic film in maize seedling respectively were below 1.178, 1.178 to 2.036, 2.036 to 3.465 and exceed 3.465 g/kg. This research can provide theoretical guidance for maize reasonable arrangement and efficient production.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Salinity measurement
Controlled terms:Approximation theory - Ecology - Electric conductivity - Fits and tolerances - Irrigation - Models - Piecewise linear techniques - Plastic films - Salts - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Efficient production - Electrical conductivity - Farm land - In-field - Irrigation districts - Maize seedlings - Non-linear least squares - Numerical approximations - Piecewise linear - S-shaped  - Saline land - Salinity control - Salinity tolerance - Salt tolerance - Salt tolerance analysis - Soil layer - Soil salinity - Soil saturation - Tolerance function
Classification code:921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 817.1 Polymer Products - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 601 Mechanical Design - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179266
Title:Research on livestock wastewater treatment and producing electricity using anaerobic fluidized bed
Authors:Wang, Jianjun (1); Liu, Yang (1); Yang, Changjun (1); Yang, Ping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Architecture and Environmental, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Corresponding author:Yang, P.(yping63@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:214-218
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to recycle source of energy from livestock wastewater, using a two-chambered anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell (AFB-MFC) and taking digested piggery wastewater, low-concentration piggery wastewater and high-concentration piggery wastewater as substance successively, performances of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal efficiency and electricity production was evaluated at different COD volume loading and feeding ammonia concentration. Using the digested wastewater as the substance, the ammonia caused 7.0% inhibition of electricity production as the ammonia concentration was up to 387.6 mg/L, but the power generation recovered five days later. Using the raw wastewater as the substance, the COD volume loading increased from 2.3 kg · m^-3 · d^-1 to 14.9 kg · m^-3 · d^-1 within 12 days, and the COD removal efficiencies remained between 74.5% and 88.1%. The output voltage increased slightly with the increasing of COD volume loading, the maximum output voltage and the power density were 379.3mV and 74.9 mW · m^-2 respectively. Because of the difference of the substance pH, the maximum output voltage of the low-concentration piggery wastewater was 21.4 mV higher than the high-concentration piggery wastewater. The AFB-MFC's internal resistance was 48.5 Ω, and the maximum power density was 75.6mW · m^-2. This study demonstrates that AFB-MFC can treat the livestock wastewater effectively and produce electricity, providing a novel approach for the safe disposal and recycle of livestock wastewater.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Wastewater disposal
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ammonia - Chemical oxygen demand - Electric power generation - Loading - Removal - Voltage control - Wastewater - Wastewater reclamation - Wastewater treatment  - Water recycling
Uncontrolled terms:AFB-MFC - Ammonia concentrations - Anaerobic fluidized bed - COD removal efficiency - Electricity production - Internal resistance - Livestock wastewater - Low concentrations - Maximum output - Maximum power density  - Output voltages - Piggery wastewater - Power densities - Raw wastewaters - Removal efficiencies - Safe disposals - Source of energy - Volume loadings
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 672 Naval Vessels - 615 Thermoelectric, Magnetohydrodynamic and Other Power Generators - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179263
Title:Improving thermal environment in solar greenhouse with phase-change thermal storage wall
Authors:Guan, Yong (1); Chen, Chao (1); Li, Zhuo (1); Han, Yunquan (1); Ling, Haoshu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (2) School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Corresponding author:Chen, C.(chenchao50@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:194-201
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, the two solar greenhouses with the same sizes of a vegetable planting base located in Beijing were researched, and one was taken as test greenhouse, the other reference greenhouse. The phase change materials (PCMs) was applied on the inner surface of the test greenhouse's north wall in order to enhance the wall's ability to collect and store solar energy and increase the utilization rate of solar energy, and then improve the indoor thermal environment of the greenhouse. According to the measured data from Dec. 21, 2010 to Jan. 18, 2011, the results showed that the thermal performance of the test greenhouse with 40 mm thickness PCMs was better than that of the reference greenhouse with conventional brick materials. During the opening of the heat preservation quilt in the daytime, the inner surface average temperature of the north wall of the test greenhouse was about 1-2.7°C higher than that of the reference greenhouse, the soil average temperature of the plow layer and the average indoor ambient temperature of the test greenhouse were about 0.5°C and 0.2-2.1°C higher than that of the reference greenhouse, respectively. During the closing of the heat preservation quilt at night, the inner surface average temperature of the north wall, the soil average temperature of the plow layer and the average indoor ambient temperature of the test greenhouse were about 2.1-4.3°C, 0.5-1.4°C and 1.6-2.1°C higher than that of the reference greenhouse, respectively. So the PCMs can improve the thermal environment for crop growth and increase the utilization rate of solar energy in solar greenhouse.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Greenhouses
Controlled terms:Environmental testing - Heat storage - Phase change materials - Solar heating - Surfaces - Temperature - Thermal effects
Uncontrolled terms:Crop growth - Heat preservation - Inner surfaces - Measured data - Phase-change thermal storages - Solar greenhouse - Thermal environment - Thermal Performance - Utilization rates - Walls
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 933 Solid State Physics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 643.1 Space Heating - 641 Heat and Mass Transfer; Thermodynamics - 616 Heat Exchangers - 615 Thermoelectric, Magnetohydrodynamic and Other Power Generators - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 454 Environmental Engineering - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179243
Title:High frequency modulation and test of hammer system with double electromagnetic mechanism
Authors:Cui, Caiyun (1); Zhao, Jianguo (1); Ma, Yuejin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Mechanical and Electrical College, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
Corresponding author:Ma, Y.(myj@hebau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:59-64
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Because the frequency of the welding with the electromagnetic hammer device was low with only 1 to 3 Hz and it can not meet the production requirements, hammering system of double electromagnet mechanism was developed. Double electromagnetic hammer device was designed based on electromagnetic theory. Using MCU (micro controller unit) AT89C52 as controlling core, the circuit, the keyboard input and display circuit of high frequency control were designed, and the program was debugged. The experiment results showed that high frequency hamming of the hammer mechanism from 6 to 8 Hz was realized. Compared with the control group, when hammering frequency was 3 Hz, the visual area of widmanstatten structure was 23.9% of the control group, but crystal was still bigger and the improvement of organizational performance was not obvious; when the frequency was 7 Hz, the visual area of widmanstatten structure was 3.8% of the control group, it was obviously to be refined and had fine grain, and mechanical properties, plasticity and toughness obviously was improved.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Tools
Controlled terms:Crystal structure - Electric fields - Electromagnetism - Frequency modulation - Hammers - Metallographic microstructure - Program debugging - Toughness - Welding
Uncontrolled terms:AT89C52 - Control groups - Electromagnetic mechanism - Electromagnetic theories - Fine grains - High frequency - High frequency modulation - Organizational performance - Production requirements - Visual areas  - Widmanstatten structure
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 717 Optical Communication - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 723.1 Computer Programming - 605.2 Small Tools, Unpowered - 603 Machine Tools - 538.2 Welding - 531.2 Metallography - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 605 Small Tools and Hardware
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179268
Title:Assessment of ecological environment benefit for household biogas in areas of returning farmland to forest
Authors:Wen, Xiaoxia (1); Li, Changjiang (1); Sui, Yanwei (1); Liao, Yuncheng (1); Wang, Yangfeng (2); Yang, Fei (2); Sun, Jiange (2); Cai, Xiaoming (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Agrotechnical Extension Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710003, China; (3) Shiquan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shiquan 725200, China
Corresponding author:Liao, Y.(yunchengliao@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:225-230
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to evaluate ecological environment benefits of household biogas in land conversion area, based on the household biogas project in land conversion area of Shaanxi province, the methods of carbon fixation and oxygen release services of Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China, methodologies (AMS-III.R) proclaimed by Executive Board of clean develop mechanism (CDM) and international commonly calculation method of emission reduction were used to evaluate the ecological environment benefits of installing household biogas digesters of 2543 households in 6 towns of land conversion area by calculating the indexes of protected forest area, greenhouse gas and SO2 emission reduction. The results indicated that installing biogas digesters not only protected and increased the forest area, but also reduced greenhouse gas and SO2 emission in land conversion area. After the implementation of the household biogas project, forest area of 507.77 hm² was protected annually, and greenhouse gas emissions of 7428.40 t CO2 equivalent and SO2 emissions of 1594.57 kg were reduced annually. The research provides a reference for rural renewable energy development and evaluation of ecological environment.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Biogas
Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Ecosystems - Emission control - Forestry - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases - Rating - Sulfur - Sulfur dioxide
Uncontrolled terms:Biogas digesters - Calculation methods - Carbon fixation - Ecological environments - Emission reduction - Executive Board - Forest - Forest area - Forest ecosystem - Land conversion  - Oxygen release - Renewable energy development - Rural households
Classification code:821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 522 Gas Fuels - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179242
Title:Structure parameters optimization and performance experiment for planetary geared anti-sliding ground wheel
Authors:Xia, Lianming (1); Geng, Duanyang (1); Wang, Xiangyou (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wxy@sdut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:53-58
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of seed missed caused by high sliding of no-tillage planter, a new planetary geared anti-sliding ground wheel was designed and its configuration parameters were optimized by experiments in this paper. The quadratic orthogonal rotational regressive tests were designed in the experiments with the ground wheel's diameter, width, vertical load, extension of anti-sliding tooth as input parameters and sliding ratio as output parameters. The regression mathematics models between output parameters and input parameters were established and then parameters were optimized through Design-expert 7.1. The optimal combination was that diameter of the wheel was 626 mm, width of the wheel was 112 mm, vertical load was 214 kg, extension of the anti-sliding tooth was 28 mm, and the sliding was 0.45% in this condition. The verification test showed that advance speed of the implement was 6-8 km/h and the average sliding was 0.497%. The research provides a basis for technical support for designing no-tillage planter.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Wheels
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Experiments - Optimization - Regression analysis - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Configuration parameters - Design-expert - Input parameter - Mathematics model - No-tillage planter - Optimal combination - Output parameters - Performance experiment - Sliding ratio - Structure parameter  - Technical support - Verification tests - Vertical load
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179264
Title:Analysis of influencing factors of dehumidifying and cooling system with moisture absorbent spraying for greenhouse
Authors:Chen, Chuanyan (1); Zhao, Chunqing (2); Zhang, Jiyuan (2); Ding, Shufang (2); Xu, Jun (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Hubei Water Resources Technical College, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) College of Engineering and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, C.(zhaochunqing@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:202-207
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the cooling problem for greenhouse in the humid and hot area in summer, liquid dehumidifying and cooling system with CaCl2 liquid was proposed. Under the condition that the dehumidifying and cooling system was operated in greenhouse, the experimental target about the relative humidity of the air on the spray room exit was determined, and the factors affecting on the experimental indexes were analyzed, such as inlet air flow, liquid desiccant flow concentration and temperature, inlet air temperature and humidity and so on. By the single factor and multi-factor orthogonal experiment, when the system was operating, the significant factors included desiccant concentration and temperature, inlet air temperature and humidity. Through the regression analysis, the mathematical model of spraying and dehumidifying with CaCl2 was established and verified, and the maximum relative error of model was less than 5%. This paper provides a reference for greenhouse cooling under high temperature and high humidity condition in summer in the South China.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Factor analysis
Controlled terms:Calcium chloride - Cooling systems - Driers (materials) - Greenhouses - Humidity control - Liquids - Mathematical models - Regression analysis - Thermal load - Thermoelectric equipment
Uncontrolled terms:CaCl2 - Dehumidifying - Flow concentration - Greenhouse cooling - High humidity - High temperature - Influencing factor - Inlet air - Inlet air temperatures - Liquid desiccant  - Maximum relative errors - Multi-factor - Orthogonal experiment - South China
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 643.1 Space Heating - 615.4 Thermoelectric Energy - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 402 Buildings and Towers - 641.2 Heat Transfer
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179262
Title:Preference habit of juvenile turbot for different color backgrounds based on computer vision
Authors:Li, Xian (1); Fan, Liangzhong (3); Liu, Ziyi (1); Ren, Xiang (1); Liu, Ying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (3) School of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Y.(yinliu@qdio.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:189-193
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the fond habit of juvenile turbot to different color backgrounds, the experiment of 9 color backgrounds selection was conducted and fish body color response to different colors was analyzed. The results showed that the appearance frequency of juvenile turbot in purple and pink backgrounds was significantly higher than that in black and red ones, and body brightness change rate under black and red backgrounds was more drastic and intensive than under pink and purple backgrounds. Results indicated that fish needed more physiological response to adapt black or red background and it is better to use lighter color as the background rather than black or red color. This research provides reference for aquaculture system designs and operations.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Color
Controlled terms:Computer vision - Fish - Physiological models - Technology
Uncontrolled terms:Aquaculture systems - Fond - Physiological response - Response - Turbot
Classification code:822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 741.2 Vision - 901 Engineering Profession - 741.1 Light/Optics - 461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179260
Title:Spatial sampling method for estimating winter wheat sown area
Authors:Wang, Di (1); Zhou, Qingbo (1); Chen, Zhongxin (1); Liu, Jia (1); Deng, Hui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Resources Remote Sensing and Digital Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, Q.(zhouqb@mail.caas.net.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:177-184
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the current crop acreage sampling survey systems, the experiment on spatial sampling methods for estimating winter wheat sown acreage was conducted combining the "3S" techniques (Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems and Global Positioning techniques) with the traditional sampling methods. Taken Shandong province as study area and winter wheat sown area as the study object, 8 kinds of sample size from 74 to 333 and 4 sets of spatial sampling methods (simple random sampling method, stratified sampling with the winter wheat planting regionalization as stratification symbol, stratified sampling with cultivated land types as stratification symbol, stratified sampling with winter wheat sown area as stratification symbol in each county in study area) were designed in this experiment. The results demonstrated that: the efficiency of stratified sampling method which the winter wheat sown area in each county was selected as the stratum symbol is the highest among 4 sampling methods under the condition that the relative errors of 4 sampling methods were nearly equivalent. Inferring population values and estimating sampling error under 8 kinds of sample size level based on sample observations, and the relative errors between population total truth-values and estimates decreased with the sample size increased, however, variation coefficient (CV) of population total estimator was still higher.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Estimation
Controlled terms:Crops - Error analysis - Experiments - Extrapolation - Geographic information systems - Remote sensing - Spatial variables measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivated lands - Global positioning - Relative errors - Sample sizes - Sampling errors - Sampling method - Sampling survey - Shandong province - Simple random sampling - Sown area  - Spatial sampling - Stratified sampling - Study areas - Variation coefficient - Winter wheat
Classification code:943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.3 Database Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179276
Title:Carbon emissions and low carbon production in processing pure grain liquor by solid fermentation
Authors:Wang, Xiaoli (1); Wu, Linhai (2); Tong, Xia (3); Chen, Zhengxing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (2) Food Safety Research Base of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (3) Business School, NanTong University, Nantong 226006, China
Corresponding author:Wu, L.(wlh6799@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:281-286
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The critical point of carbon emission in processing pure grain liquor by solid fermentation is significant to find the key processes of carbon reduction, guiding enterprises to low-carbon processing. Based on the theory of Life Cycle Assessment, the carbon emissions in liquor processing was quantified and the critical points were locked through the contribution rate of carbon emissions in processes in this paper. Results showed that liquor steaming strongly attached to the coal-burning boiler, which was the most critical point of carbon emissions in liquor processes, while net electricity consumption and transport in the plant were both mainly contributed to the carbon emissions of processing. Therefore, the method was contributed to promoting the low carbon emission of the pure grain liquor processor, improving the energy consumption structure and processing pure grain liquor by taking the biomass and other clean energy. These results also provided a reference to reduce carbon emission in food processing.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Carbon - Energy utilization - Food processing - Life cycle - Solids - Wine
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon emissions - Carbon reduction - Clean energy - Coal-burning - Contribution rate - Critical points - Electricity-consumption - Energy consumption structure - In-process - Key process  - Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) - Liquor processing - Low carbon - Solid fermentations
Classification code:933 Solid State Physics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 822.3 Food Products - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 525.3 Energy Utilization
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179240
Title:Optimization of structure parameters of cylinder-bar type shelling device for ginkgo biloba
Authors:Zhang, Lihua (1); Xu, Zhongming (1); Gou, Wen (2); Ma, Zhiyuan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (2) College of Information and Engineering Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Z.(xuzm6@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:39-45
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the quality and efficiency of ginkgo shelling, a cylinder-bar shelling device for ginkgo was developed. According to the comparision of shelling experiments of ginkgo with different moisture content, it was found that the shelling rate and kernel-breaking rate depend mainly on the rotor speed, cylinder diameter and grid clearance. The ginkgo shelling test was conducted by central combination method. A mathematical model which reflected the relationship between ginkgo shelling, breaking rate and rotor speed, cylinder diameter, grid clearance was established. And the optimal working parameters of the cylinder-bar ginkgo shelling device were got by applying the response surface analysis and multi-objective optimization method. The result showed that ginkgo shelling and breaking rate could reach 92.80% and 8.10% respectively under the condition of rotor speed 180 r/min, cylinder diameter 182 mm, grid clearance 10.5 mm and moisture content 12.6%. The device proposed offers a new approach for the ginkgo shelling production.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Cylinders (shapes)
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Mathematical models - Moisture determination - Multiobjective optimization - Structural optimization - Surface analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Combination method - Cylinder diameters - Ginkgo biloba - Multi objective optimizations (MOO) - Response surface analysis - Rotor speed - Shelling device - Structure parameter - Working parameters
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179256
Title:Effects of salt stress on chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of woody saltbush
Authors:Wang, Yuchao (1); Wang, Dexiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Forestry, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Wang, D.(wangdx66@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:151-158
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To provide an excellent plant resource for vegetation restoration in saline land region, Atriplex tridentate, Atriplex gardneri and Atriplex canescen were taken as study objects and Hippophae rhamnoides and Ulmus pumila as a control group, the effects of the varying saline soil on chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and the growth of three woody saltbushes were analyzed under different concentration stress of NaCl and Na2SO4. The results showed that: 1) the effect of different salt stress treatments on chlorophyll content in Atriplex tridentate, Atriplex gardneri and Atriplex canescens was less than that in Hippophae rhamnoides and Ulmus pumila; 2) the net photosynthetic ratio of three woody saltbushes was less than the control group as well. Under the high salt concentration stress treatment, three woody saltbushes in treatment group showed high stress resistance ability with higher net photosynthetic rate and normal metabolism; 3) the height and basal diameter of three woody saltbushes in treatment group was less than the control group. The change of plant height and basal diameter of 5 species on salinity gradient was similar to the change on plant photosynthetic rate under salt-stressed; 4) The slat-resistant ability of 5 species was assessed by the membership function method. The salt-resistant ability of NaCl was ranked as Atriplex gardneri>Atriplex tridentate>Atriplex canescens>Hippophae rhamnoides>Ulmus pumila, and the salt-resistant ability of Na2SO4 as Atriplex canescens>Atriplex tridentate>Atriplex gardneri>Hippophae rhamnoides>Ulmus pumila. Three woody saltbushes had high salt-resistant ability in photosynthetic and growth and were suitable to be planted in saline region. This paper provides theoretical basis for the use of saline land in arid area in the north of China.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Chlorophyll
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Ecology - Growth (materials) - Hardwoods - Salts - Sodium chloride - Speed control
Uncontrolled terms:Arid area - Chlorophyll contents - Control groups - High salt concentration - High stress - Hippophae rhamnoides - Net photosynthetic rate - Photosynthetic - Photosynthetic rate - Plant height  - Saline region - Saline soil - Salinity gradients - Salt stresss - Saltbush - Theoretical basis - Treatment group - Vegetation restoration
Classification code:811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 951 Materials Science - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 444 Water Resources - 443 Meteorology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179247
Title:Development of automatic control device for integrated water and fertilization drip irrigation of citrus orchard
Authors:Li, Jianian (1); Hong, Tiansheng (1); Feng, Ruijue (1); Yue, Xuejun (1); Chen, Shan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Mechanical Laboratory of China Agriculture (Citrus) Research System, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) Engineering College of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Hong, T.(tshong@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:91-97
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To realize automatic control of integral control of water and fertilization under drip irrigation for citrus with independent water tank and liquid fertilizer tank, a timing control device powered with battery for controlling drip irrigation and fertigation was developed. The device was composed of two solenoid valves which were used to control the order and time of water or liquid fertilizer flowing into the drip irrigation pipe network respectively. To extend battery life, sleep mechanism and power management technology were used with the quiescent current of the device less than 11.2 μA. The device was tested in actual application for six consecutive months, and the results showed that the controller was stable and reliable, and the battery voltage dropped only from the initial value of 9.35 to 8.50 V. The device was simple to use, and it can control not only the drip irrigation integration of water and fertilizer, but water drip irrigation. In addition, the rotation irrigation can be carried out by combining multiple devices, and then can control a larger irrigation area. So the device developed in this research is practical and has good promotion prospects.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Automation - Control - Fertilizers - Integration - Orchards - Process control - Valves (mechanical) - Water tanks
Uncontrolled terms:Battery life - Battery voltages - Drip irrigation - Fertigations - Initial values - Integral control - Irrigation area - Liquid fertilizers - Multiple devices - Power management technology  - Quiescent currents - Timing control
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 601.2 Machine Components - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 921.2 Calculus
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179241
Title:Effect of different installed location of entrainment loss sensor on grain testing accuracy
Authors:Tang, Zhong (1); Li, Yaoming (1); Zhao, Zhan (1); Liang, Zhenwei (1); Chen, Yi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(ymli@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:46-52
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to accurately obtain the optimal installed position of the PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) entrainment loss sensor, the vertical and horizontal distribution of mixed material under the longitudinal-axial drum were studied with the feed rate of 6, 7 and 8 kg/s. The location installed was selected under the condition that the mass percentage of grain was most stably and the changed mass percentage of other materials was minimum with different feed rate. When the mixed materials were falling under the longitudinal-axial drum, the falling speed changed at the different location. The voltage was studied, which was produced by impact strength of the grain and other materials with different speed. It was turned out that the optimal installed position of the PVDF entrainment loss sensor was the point where i was 6 on the X axial, j was 12 on the Y axial and k was 14 on the Z axial. The differences was 4.50%~5.26% between the record number of values by PVDF entrainment loss sensor and high-speed camera. The studies provide a basis for the installed location of entrainment loss sensor under the longitudinal-axial drum of tangential-longitudinal-axial combine harvester.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Sensors
Controlled terms:Experiments - Harvesters - High speed cameras - Optimization
Uncontrolled terms:Combine harvesters - Different speed - Feed-rates - Horizontal distribution - Longitudinal-axial drums - Mass percentage - Mixed materials - Polyvinylidene fluorides - Testing accuracy
Classification code:742.2 Photographic Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179274
Title:Predictive model construction of shelf life for cultured Pseudosciaena crocea stored at different temperatures
Authors:Guo, Quanyou (1); Wang, Xichang (2); Yang, Xianshi (1); Jiang, Chaojun (1); Li, Xueying (1); Chi, Hai (1)
Author affiliation:(1) East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; (2) College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Corresponding author:Yang, X.(xianshiyang@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:267-273
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigate the causes of fish spoilage under different temperatures and develop the predictive model of shelf life, sensory, chemical and microbiological characteristics and bacterial flora of cultured Pseudosciaena crocea stored aerobically at low temperature from 0 to 10°C, ambient temperature at 25°C and non-isothermal temperatures were carried out, and the specific spoilage organisms in cultured Pseudosciaena crocea at above mentioned temperatures were also identified. And then three predictive models of shelf life were developed and validated under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The results showed that the shelf lives were from 5.4 to 17.8 days and their specific spoilage organisms were Shewanella putrefaciens, Pseudomonas at low temperature, and shelf life was only 1.1 days and specific spoilage organisms were Vibronaceae and Enterobacteriaceae at ambient temperature. Predictive models of shelf lives including Exponential, School-field and Square-root equations were fitted based on the relationship between relative spoilage rates and temperatures, and three model parameters which were the temperature characteristics coefficients(a), minimum temperature (Tmin), apparent activation energy (Ea) were 0.11, -10°C and 74 kJ/mol, respectively. Three predictive models of shelf life were validated under isothermal (3, 7 and 10°C) and non-isothermal conditions. According to the comparison of relative errors of three models which were 0%-13.8%, -0.9%-9.8% and -0.2%--22.1%, it showed that School-field and Exponential models of shelf life were better than Square-root model for evaluating quality of fish at 0-25°C. This paper provides a basis for developing the intelligent predictive systems of quality integrated with the package, storage and distribution of fish products.
Number of references:22
Main heading:C (programming language)
Controlled terms:Biology - Energy storage - Fish - Forecasting - Isotherms - Spoilage - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Apparent activation energy - Bacterial flora - Enterobacteriaceae - Exponential models - Low temperatures - Non-isothermal condition - Non-isothermal temperature - Predictive modeling - Predictive models - Predictive systems  - Pseudosciaena crocea - Relative errors - Shelf life - Shewanella - Specific spoilage organisms - Square-root - Temperature characteristic - Three models
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 822 Food Technology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 461.9 Biology - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179248
Title:Water consumption estimation and evapotranspiration inversion based on remote sensing technology
Authors:Di, Suchuang (1); Wu, Wenyong (1); Liu, Honglu (1); Pan, Xingyao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Hydraulic Research Institute, Beijing 100048, China
Corresponding author:Di, S.(disuchuang@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:98-104
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The water consumption quantity and spatial characteristics of green land within the 5th Ring Road of Beijing city was studied based on high resolution remote sensing imagine, long time series meteorology data, and water consumption research results for different green land vegetation types. These procedures included pre-processing remote sensing imagines, distinguishing green land with stratified classification method, estimating irrigation water quantity for green land in different dry scenes accounting for different meteorological conditions and vegetation types, and inversing daily evapotranspiration. The green land area within the 5th Ring Road was 197.3 km², accounting for 29.7% of total urban area. The annual green land water consumption was 161 Mm³, and the net irrigation water values in different dry scenarios were 109, 75, 59, 35 Mm³ for the hydrological years of 95%, 75%, 50% and 25% respectively. Regional daily ET was inversed through Landsat Data and SEBAL model, and daily ET values of different land covers in summer were 11.1 mm for urban lakes, 5.7 mm for dense vegetation area, 4.0 mm for sparse vegetation area. Total daily water consumption was 1.266 Mm³, and the daily ET values were 0.103, 0.142, 0.204 and 0.817 Mm³ for these regions within 2nd Ring Road, between 2nd and 3rd Ring Road, between 3rd and 4th Ring Road, between 4th and 5th Ring Road, respectively. These results provide total water consumption and spatial distribution information for designing irrigation system of urban green land.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Water supply
Controlled terms:Evapotranspiration - Interfacial energy - Irrigation - Remote sensing - Roads and streets - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Beijing city - Classification methods - Daily evapotranspirations - Dense vegetation - Green land - High resolution remote sensing - Hydrological years - Irrigation systems - Irrigation waters - Land cover  - LANDSAT - Long time series - Meteorological condition - Pre-processing - Remote sensing technology - Research results - Ring roads - SEBAL model - Spatial characteristics - Urban areas  - Urban lake - Vegetation type - Water consumption
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 731.1 Control Systems - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.1 Surface Water - 406.2 Roads and Streets
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179238
Title:Experiment of 2JX-M series vegetable cutting devices for grafting
Authors:Gu, Song (1); Li, Kai (1); Chu, Qi (1); Yang, Yanli (1); Liu, Kai (1); Zhong, Lüxiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Gu, S.(sgu666@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:27-32
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study operating performance of vegetable cutting device for grafting and to practice producing seedlings, operating tests of 2JX-M series cutting devices for grafting were conducted to study grafting productivity and success ratio compared with manual work. Results indicated that, with above 90% success rate, 2JC-M cutting device for hole-insertion grafting and 2JP-M cutting device for cleft grafting could perform 1100 cucumber grafts per hour and 640 eggplant grafts per hour respectively, which were 1.64 times higher and 2.90 times higher than that of manual work. Compared with manual work, the cutting device for grafting improved grafting production rate and quality and decreased the effect of grafter's proficiency, work fatigue and speed on success rate of grafting. This research provides a foundation for reasonable application of cutting devices.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Grafting (chemical)
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Cutting equipment - Grafts - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Manual work - Operating performance - Production rates - Success ratio
Classification code:462.4 Prosthetics - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179244
Title:Sensitivity design for gradual change reliability of mechanical components based on measured information
Authors:Wang, Xingang (1); Wang, Baoyan (2); Zhang, Kuixiao (3); Zhu, Lisha (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (2) School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (3) School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
Corresponding author:Wang, X.(wangxingang1217@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:65-69
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Reliability design of mechanical components mostly focused on establishing pure theoretical mathematical model at present, without involving measured information for working components and gradual characteristics of parameters into theoretical model, which caused some errors for reliability design of components. In order to access reliability of existing components correctly, by taking strength of components as a process of independent increments, autocorrelation coefficient of strength was calculated, and effect of loading action and gradual change characteristics of strength was studied, thus a method for computing gradual change reliability was proposed. Combining the reliability design theory with sensitivity analysis method, a numerical method for gradual change reliability sensitivity design of components based on measured information was proposed, and the variation rules of reliability sensitivity of parameters at any moment and effects of design parameters on reliability of components were obtained, which provides the theoretical basis for structural design and life prediction of mechanical components.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Reliability theory
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Fiber optic sensors - Mathematical models - Models - Product design - Sensitivity analysis - Stochastic programming - Strength of materials - Structural design
Uncontrolled terms:Autocorrelation coefficient - Design parameters - Gradual changes - Life predictions - Loading action - Mechanical components - Reliability design - Reliability sensitivity - Sensitivity design - Theoretical basis  - Theoretical models
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 922 Statistical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 732.2 Control Instrumentation - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408.1 Structural Design, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179277
Title:Process optimization for producing xylitol by shaking-flask fermentation from distiller's grains hydrolysates
Authors:Ren, Haiwei (1); Zhang, Fei (1); Zhang, Yi (1); Chen, Xiaoqian (1); Shi, Jincai (2); Wang, Yonggang (1); Li, Zhizhong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (2) Gansu Jinhui Liquor Industry Group Corporation Limited, Longnan 742308, China
Corresponding author:Li, Z.(zzli2004@lut.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:287-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Xylitol was produced from hydrolysates of distiller's grains by Candida tropicalis 1779, and the optimum conditions of the process were found by single-factor experiment and orthogonal test. The fermentations were conducted in 250 mL flasks. The results showed that the satisfied fermentation effect was attained under the technical conditions of inoculum age 27 h, inoculating volume 20 mL, liquid volume in flask 100 mL, the addition of nitrogen source 20 mL and nitrogen concentration 48 g/L. Under these conditions, the concentration of xylitol and residual xylose were 11.85 mg/mL and 463.51 μg/mL in the fermentation broth, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the utilization rate of xylose and reducing sugar are 45.62% and 74.81%, respectively. Fermentation experiments showed that it was feasible to produce xylitol by fermentation using lees hydrolysates as a carbon source.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Bottles - Candida - Experiments - Optimization - Process control - Sugar substitutes - Sugars - Wine
Uncontrolled terms:A-carbon - Candida tropicalis - Distiller's grains - Fermentation broths - Hydrolysates - Liquid volume - Nitrogen concentrations - Nitrogen sources - Optimum conditions - Orthogonal test  - Reducing sugars - Technical conditions - Utilization rates - Xylitol
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 822.3 Food Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 461.9 Biology - 461.8 Biotechnology - 694.2 Packaging Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179246
Title:Optimization model for discharge distribution of irrigation channels based on free search algorithm
Authors:Zhang, Guohua (1); Xie, Chongbao (1); Pi, Xiaoyu (2); Wang, Bin (3)
Author affiliation:(1) China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center, Beijing 100054, China; (2) Water Service Bureau of Chaoyang of Beijing City, Beijing 210098, China; (3) College of Water Conservancy and Building Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, G.(zgh311133@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:86-90
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The existing water-distribution models in irrigation canal system are established on the basis that the water discharge of the lower-level canals are equal and the cross sections of upper-level canals are unchanging with equal hydraulic power parameters, which limited the application of models. A new-type refined water-distribution model was developed, which took into account such factors as variations of water discharge of the lower canals and the conditions of section changes of the upper canals. By means of constructing reasonable fitness functions and through high-efficiency processing with the limited conditions, the model was solved based on free search algorithm. The application result showed that compared with the original way of water-distribution, water loss by this model reduced by 8.26%. As a result, the course of water-distribution was more regular and the regulating frequency of sluice gates was effectively reduced.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Hydraulic structures
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Canals - Irrigation canals - Learning algorithms - Models - Refining - Water distribution systems
Uncontrolled terms:Cross section - Fitness functions - Free Search - Free search algorithm - Hydraulic power - Irrigation channels - Optimization models - Refined water-distribution - Sluice gates - Water discharges  - Water loss - Water-distribution models
Classification code:902.1 Engineering Graphics - 811.1.1 Papermaking Processes - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 611 Hydroelectric and Tidal Power Plants - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 407.2 Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.



Accession number:20122615179275
Title:Development of experimental system of laser compensation for meat thickness in foreign matter
Authors:Hong, Guan (1); Zhao, Maocheng (1); Wang, Xiwei (1); Ju, Ronghua (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (2) Nanjing Institute of Railway Technology, Nanjing 210031, China; (3) Nanjing Food and Packaging Machinery Institute, Nanjing 210037, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, M.(mczhao@njfu.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:274-280
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Inspection of internal quality through X ray imagery was substantially hindered by the irregularity of agricultural products. A laser system for thickness compensation was built to reduce the effect of uneven thickness on X ray images of meat products. This system was composed of X-ray image acquisition subsystem, laser image acquisition subsystem, mechanical driving system, controlling system and image processing system. The least square method based on the weight function was used to obtain the compensation image, and the establishment of reflection relationship between laser image and thickness mapping image. The X-ray image and laser thickness compensation image of the meat were fused. The OTSU segment algorithm was employed to extract foreign body from the fused image. The experimental results show that the method can eliminate the effects to the meat image caused by uneven thickness with high-efficiency and precision.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Image segmentation
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Image acquisition - Laser applications - Least squares approximations - Meats - X ray analysis - X ray films
Uncontrolled terms:Acquisition subsystems - Controlling system - Experimental system - Foreign matter - Fused images - Image processing system - Internal quality - Laser images - Laser systems - Least square methods  - Meat products - Mechanical driving system - Thickness compensation - Weight functions - X-ray image - X-ray imagery
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 801 Chemistry - 951 Materials Science - 744.9 Laser Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 742.3 Photographic Materials and Chemicals
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.


<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20122815235443
Title:CFD simulation and optimization of cooling water jacket structure for 2D25 horizontal diesel engine
Authors:Lei, Jilin (1); Shen, Lizhong (1); Bi, Yuhua (1); Jia, Dewen (1); Chen, Zhie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Engines, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650224, China
Corresponding author:Lei, J.(leijilin@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:10
Issue date:May 15, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:70-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to fulfill the technical requirements of a high-efficiency low-emissions off-road horizontal diesel engine and design a rational cooling system, combined with the cooling water flow test, a numerical simulation model of the coolant flow was built by using three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method and was verified by the comparison between the measurement data and the CFD simulation data. The impact of cooling water jacket structure on coolant flow field in 2D25 horizontal diesel engine with a forced-cooling closed-loop cooling system, and the cooling water jacket structure was finally optimized. The results indicated that the rational design of the water inlet holes in the cylinder block can improve the coolant flow characteristics and cooling effect in the water jacket, reduce the flow losses and the water pump power loss. Rational design of the water inlet holes in the cylinder head can greatly increase the overall coolant flow velocity in the cylinder head water jacket, reduce cylinder-to-cylinder variation in cooling, improve the cooling in the critical valve bridge area in the cylinder head to sustain high thermal loading, and enhance the effectiveness of cooling at the exhaust port side. After optimization, the overall spatial average velocity and the overall spatial average heat transfer coefficient of the coolant in the water jacket increased by 40% and 41.7% respectively compared to the original design. There are no large vortices any more in the shared water chamber and the upper region of each cylinder water jacket. The flow velocity and heat transfer in the critical valve bridge area in the cylinder head were significantly enhanced, and the uniformity of cylinder-to-cylinder was improved.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Computational fluid dynamics
Controlled terms:Bridges - Cooling - Cooling systems - Cooling water - Cylinder heads - Cylinders (shapes) - Design - Diesel engines - Flow velocity - Inlet flow  - Optimization - Thermal stress - Thermoelectric equipment - Three dimensional - Three dimensional computer graphics
Uncontrolled terms:CFD simulations - Closed-loop - Computational fluid dynamics simulations - Coolant flow - Coolant flow characteristics - Cooling effects - Cooling water flow - Exhaust ports - Floe field - Flow characteristic  - Flow loss - High thermal - Jacket structures - Measurement data - Original design - Rational design - Spatial average - Technical requirement - Water chamber - Water inlets  - Water pump
Classification code:616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components - 631 Fluid Flow - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 723.5 Computer Applications - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 616 Heat Exchangers - 401.1 Bridges - 408 Structural Design - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 615.4 Thermoelectric Energy
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.10.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.