2012年4月第28卷第7期

2012年4月第28卷第7期

<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20121915007993
Title:Soil quality evaluation of windy desert region after coal mining subsidence based on discriminant and factor analysis
Authors:Yao, Guozheng (1); Ding, Guodong (1); Zang, Yintong (1); Wang, Ji (2); Gao, Yong (2); Zhou, Ruiping (3); Wang, Jian (4); He, Zhi (5); Xue, Bo (6); Gao, Jiarong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010019, China; (3) College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China; (4) Institute of Water Resources for Pasturing Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, China; (5) Forestry Working Station of Ordos City, 017000, China; (6) Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science, Huhhot 010010, China
Corresponding author:Ding, G.(dch1999@263.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:200-207
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide theoretical supporting for land utilization planning and management in windy desert region, canonical discriminant analysis and factor analysis were used to distinguish and study the soil quality of two subsidence areas (SAs) respectively subsided in 2004 and 2005 in Bulianta coal mining area located at south rim of Maowusu desert. The results showed that soil moisture content, hardness, total N and P of the two SAs were significantly lower than control area (CA) (p<0.05). At partial slope positions with serious ground surface disturbance, volume weight declined remarkably (p<0.05) while soil porosity increased remarkably (p<0.05). Compared with the CA, total K and organic matter of the two SAs showed no significant variation (p>0.05), and available nutrient displayed an activating tendency on the whole. With the calculation by a canonical discriminant function which mainly reflects the disturbance degree of soil nutrient, sample plots of CA and SAs respectively subsided in 2005, 2004 can be divided into 3 grades, which including "no effect", "had effect" and "seriously effect". 11 soil quality indexes were summarized to 5 comprehensive factors by factor analysis, and comprehensive factor scores of soil quality of the sample plots in SAs were represented visually with radar diagrams and scatter diagrams. Canonical discrimination function distinguished the situation of soil quality of CA and each SA well, and factor analysis reflected characteristic of soil quality variance of each SA comprehensively and visually.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Coal mines - Discriminant analysis - Experiments - Factor analysis - Landforms - Multivariant analysis - Nutrients - Soil moisture - Soils - Subsidence
Uncontrolled terms:Available nutrients - Canonical discriminant analysis - Canonical discriminant function - Canonical discrimination function - Coal mining - Coal mining area - Control area - Disturbance degree - Factor scores - Ground surfaces - Land utilization - Scatter diagrams - Slope positions - Soil nutrients - Soil Porosity - Soil quality - Soil quality evaluation - Windy desert region
Classification code:922 Statistical Methods - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 901.3 Engineering Research - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 503.1 Coal Mines
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20121915007975
Title:Design of online log-core veneer lathe system for wood products
Authors:Ding, Pan (1); Zhang, Junhui (2); Zhao, Daxu (3); Liu, Cunxiang (4); Wang, Qun (5)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Henan Institute of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China; (3) School of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China; (4) College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (5) College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China
Corresponding author:Liu, C.(liucunxiang@henau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:91-96
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To change current status of veneer peeling process in wood enterprises, improve processing automation level and widen the scope of perspective and enhance enterprise competitiveness, the general design scheme of the online veneer lathe system for wood products was put forward by analyzing software/hardware and working mode of veneer lathe system. Based on the principle of integrated manufacturing system, the characteristics and new veneer formula of new log-core veneer lathe were analyzed, and a new mathematical model between the motor speed and the position of the driving roll-carriage was established. An auto-controlled system of new type of log-core veneer and its program, which was based on PLC and transducer, were developed according to these researches. And theoretical foundation and guidance for designing the veneer lathe system online were provided. The results show that processing scope of veneer is 0.3-3.7 mm, wood utilization is above 95%, linear velocity of veneer peeling process is 27 m/min. error of veneer thickness is below 0.03 mm. The machine can meet the wood production demand by experiments.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Veneers
Controlled terms:Agile manufacturing systems - Competition - Design - Industry - Lathes - Processing - Wood products
Uncontrolled terms:Automation levels - Current status - Design scheme - Integrated manufacturing systems - Linear velocity - Motor speed - New mathematical model - Software/hardware - System online - Theoretical foundations - Variable speed - Wood production - Wood utilization - Working mode
Classification code:913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 913.4 Manufacturing - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 603.1 Machine Tools, General - 408 Structural Design - 811.2 Wood and Wood Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20121915008002
Title:Nondestructive detection of dried apricots quality based on machine vision and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technology
Authors:Huang, Xingyi (1); Qian, Mei (1); Xu, Fubin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Huang, X.(h_xingyi@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:260-265
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Quality is the most important factor for marketing of dried fruits. The machine vision and near infrared spectroscopy were explored to detect the external and internal quality of dried apricots nondestructively. Color images of dried apricots in four different locations were captured, the filling algorithm based on the regional skeleton was used for segmentation of dried apricots on those images and then area of dried apricot was calculated. Among 100 normal samples, 75 samples were randomly selected as calibrating set, 25 samples were used as forecast set. Evaluation model based on co-relationship between actual weight and pixels of dried apricots was developed via multiple linear regressions, the correlation coefficient of calibrating set and forecast set were 0.9374 and 0.9307 respectively, and the weights detection accuracy was 90%. Regional growth based on average gray value was put forward to extract surface defects of dried apricots, defects detection accuracy was 84.5%. SNV method was used to pretreat the near infrared spectrum of dried apricots. Then the partial least squares (PLS), back interval partial least squares (biPLS) and synergy interval partial least square (siPLS) were used to establish the prediction models of sugar content, respectively. Experimental results showed that the optimal biPLS model was obtained with 22 intervals divided and the optimal combinations of intervals [17, 2, 3, 9, 20, 13, 7, 18, 15, 11, 6] and its factor number being 10. The optimal biPLS model was achieved with correlation coefficient of 0.8983 and root mean square error of cross validation of 1.23 for calibration set and correlation coefficient of 0.8814 and the root mean square error of 1.46 for prediction set. The results indicate that machine vision and near infrared technology can be a good method to synthetically detect the internal and external quality of dried apricot.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Computer vision
Controlled terms:Error detection - Forecasting - Image segmentation - Infrared devices - Infrared radiation - Mathematical models - Mean square error - Near infrared spectroscopy - Optimization - Principal component analysis - Sugars - Surface defects
Uncontrolled terms:BiPLS - Color images - Correlation coefficient - Cross validation - Defects detection - Detection accuracy - Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy - Dried apricots - Dried fruits - Evaluation models - External quality - Filling algorithm - Gray value - Internal quality - Interval partial least squares - Multiple linear regressions - Near Infrared - Near infrared spectra - Nondestructive detection - Optimal combination - Partial least square (PLS) - Prediction model - Root mean square errors - Sugar content
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 951 Materials Science - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20121915007994
Title:Soil biological filter deodorization device for livestock and poultry breeding houses
Authors:Chen, Min (1); Yang, Youquan (1); Deng, Sufang (1); Lin, Yingzhi (2); Zhan, Jie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (2) Digital Agriculture Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
Corresponding author:Chen, M.(chenmin863@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:208-213
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to find out an efficient way for removing odour gas form livestock and poultry farms, a soil biological filter deodorization device was studied. This article described an overview of soil biological filter deodorization device performance index, structure and working principle. The structure parameters and operating parameters of main components were determined. The gas distribution pipes were used in the matrix layer to improve the removal effect. The active soil filtering bed ingredients were grassmould 75%, perlite 20% and black carbon 5%. The height of filter bed was 1000 mm, surface load of filter material was 15.5-22.0 m3/(m2&middoth), and the range of filter humidity was controlled at 52%±3%. Prototype application results showed that removal rate of main odour material NH<inf>3</inf>, CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> were above 95%; CO and nitrogen oxides (expressed in NO<inf>2</inf>) were above 85%. The removal rates for volatile organic matter and diffusion odour of livestock and poultry, IP-Inhalable particle (PM<inf>10</inf>) and total suspended solids (TSP) were all above 95%. The odour concentration of vented gas from the system was 7.5-8, which can meet the discharge standards requirements.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Biofilters - Carbon dioxide - Filters (for fluids) - Nitrogen oxides - Odor control - Odor removal - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Active soils - Biological filters - Black carbon - Device performance - Equipements - Filter materials - Gas distribution - Matrix layers - Operating parameters - Poultry farms - Removal rate - Structure parameter - Surface loads - Total suspended solids - Working principles
Classification code:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 452.2 Sewage Treatment - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20121915008006
Title:Optimization of technical parameters of pickling on agaricus bisporus under pulsed pressure
Authors:Wang, Xiaotuo (1); Gao, Zhenjiang (1); Zeng, Zhen (1); Liu, Bo (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Agricultural Machinery Test Evaluation of Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing 100122, China
Corresponding author:Gao, Z.(zjgao@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:282-287
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to enhance the pickling efficiency of edible fungi, the pulsed pressure technology was used in quick pickling process of agaricus bisporus. Mass fraction of salt solution, pressure and pulsation ratio were selected as influencing factors. Single factor experiment and orthogonal experiments were conducted to optimize the processing parameters, and the variations of water lose rate (WL) and salt gain rate (SG) during pickling were investigated. The results showed that WL and SG were only influenced significantly by mass fraction of salt solution. The optimal parameters under the pickling time of 27 min were obtained as follows: mass fraction of salt solution was 7.5%, pressure was 130 kPa, and pulsation ratio was 3 min/6 min, which could provide 52.84% WL and 0.86% SG. The application of this technology in pickling of agaricus bisporus can enrich processing products and improve drying rate greatly. The research can provide theoretical and technical supports for innovation of production technology.
Number of references:34
Main heading:Pickling
Controlled terms:Experiments - Optimization - Pressure
Uncontrolled terms:Agaricus bisporus - Drying rates - Influencing factor - Mass fraction - Optimal parameter - Orthogonal experiment - Processing parameters - Production technology - Pulsation - Salt solution - Technical support
Classification code:539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.047
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20121915007989
Title:Automatic detecting and grading method of potatoes based on machine vision
Authors:Zhou, Zhu (1); Huang, Yi (1); Li, Xiaoyu (1); Wen, Dongdong (1); Wang, Chenglong (1); Tao, Hailong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Li, X.(lixiaoyu@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:178-183
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to realize grading of potato, a potato grading system based on machine vision was developed. Two pieces of plane mirror placed in V-shape were used to get three surface images of a potato at one time. Volume method based on minimum circumscribed cylinder was proposed to grade potatoes according to their size, the ratio of width and length of the longest diameter circum-rectangle was used to grade potatoes according to their shape. On the basis of characteristics of potato defects, defect area, diagonal length and cross method were used as criterions of the lacunary, dry rot, mechanical damaged, budded and misshapen potatoes. Experiments showed that the recognition accuracy of potato defects was 91.0%. The results indicate that the classification method has a high accuracy, and can be used for external quality online detection of potatoes.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Computer vision
Controlled terms:Grading - Surface defects
Uncontrolled terms:Classification methods - Dry rot - External quality - Grading system - Lacunary - On-line detection - Plane mirrors - Potato - Recognition accuracy - Surface image - V-shape - Volume method
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 723.5 Computer Applications - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20121915007967
Title:Influences of nozzle types on pesticide deposition and insecticidal effect to wheat aphids
Authors:Yang, Xiwa (1); Zhou, Jizhong (2); He, Xiongkui (1); Herbst, A. (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Science, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang 110021, China; (3) Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
Corresponding author:He, X.(xiongkui@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:46-50
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To study the effect of droplet sizes on deposition and pesticide efficiency, this trial was performed to spray imidacloprid against aphids by choosing different nozzle types. The VMD of the three chosen nozzles from Lechler, i. e. LU120-02, AD120-02 and IDK120-02, were about 100 μm difference. The results demonstrated that: the deposits of IDK nozzle were higher significantly than that of LU and AD, whose deposits had no significant difference. The deposits on different zones of wheat canopy followed: down>middle>upper; LU nozzle achieved significantly better coverage rate than AD and IDK, the increased droplet size meant the lower coverage rate; LU nozzle had the largest ground loss and it was higher significantly than the other two nozzles; the three nozzles all gave excellent field efficiency against wheat aphids; AD nozzle was considered as the optimum candidate in terms of deposits, coverage rate and ground loss.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Deposits - Drops - Efficiency - Nozzles - Pest control - Pesticide effects
Uncontrolled terms:Aphid - Coverage rate - Droplet sizes - Field efficiency - Ground loss - Imidacloprids - Pesticide deposition - Two nozzles - Wheat canopy
Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 617 Turbines and Steam Turbines - 612 Engines - 532 Metallurgical Furnaces - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20121915007996
Title:Hydrolysis of corn cob by extremely low concentration maleic acid
Authors:Wang, Qiong (1); Qi, Wei (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Zhang, Yu (1); Tan, Xuesong (1); Zhuang, Xinshu (1); Yuan, Zhenhong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of sciences, China
Corresponding author:Zhuang, X.(zhuangxs@ms.giec.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:221-227
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the hydrolysis characteristics of corn cob, two-step hydrolysis method of hot liquid water (HLW, to hydrolyze most of the hemicellulose and expose the cellulose) and extremely low concentration maleic acid (ELMA, to hydrolyze the cellulose to oligosaccharide and glucose) was approached. DNS and HPLC analyses indicated that there was 12.24 g/L reducing sugar in the hydrolysate of HLW (200°C, 10 min, 4 MPa, 500 r/min, liquid-solid ratio 20:1 mL/g), and 91.76% hemicellulose was dissolved in the water, with 3.61% cellulose loss; There was 9.94 g/L reducing sugar in the hydrolysate of ELMA (0.1%, 220°C, 20 min, 4 MPa, 500 r/min, liquid-solid ratio 20:1 mL/g), and 95.17% cellulose was dissolved, but only about one-third converted to reducing sugar. By means of GC-MS, a large number of hydrolysis products of lignin were found in step two, such as phenol and benzoic acid compounds with active groups which can react with the sugar degradation products, to speed up the degradation of glucose. Some factors affecting the extremely low concentration maleic acid hydrolysis were studied, which can instruct rational better use of maleic acid hydrolysis. The hydrolysis performance of maleic acid can be promoted by improving the reactors to make degenerations of sugar and lignin discharged timely, which can provide a guidance for the application of maleic acid in biomass hydrolysis.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Liquid sugar
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Carboxylic acids - Cellulose - Degradation - Glucose - Hydrolysis - Lignin - Phenols
Uncontrolled terms:Benzoic acid - Cellulose loss - Corn cob - Degradation products - Hot liquid - HPLC analysis - Hydrolysis characteristic - Hydrolysis products - Liquid solids - Low concentrations - Maleic acids - Reducing sugars
Classification code:801.2 Biochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 822.3 Food Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20121915007977
Title:Effects of different chemical nitrogenous fertilizer application rates on soil nitrogen leaching and accumulation in deep vadose zone
Authors:Shang, Fangze (1); Yang, Peiling (1); Li, Yunkai (1); Ren, Shumei (1); Liu, Peibin (2); He, Guoping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Beijing Institute of China, Beijing 100048, China
Corresponding author:Yang, P.(yangpeiling@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:103-110
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the soil nitrogen migration under different application rates of chemical nitrogenous fertilizer in deep vadose zone, during the course of summer maize growing, 3 chemical N fertilizer levels (142.5, 285 and 427.5 kg/hm2) were set up, the NO<inf>3</inf>--N, NH<inf>4</inf> -N and total nitrogen migration and accumulation in the first 500 cm depth of soil for each treatment were studied. The results showed that impacts of chemical N application rates on NO<inf>3</inf>--N, NH<inf>4</inf> -N and total nitrogen were dramatic, the leaching and accumulation of soil NO<inf>3</inf>--N, NH<inf>4</inf> -N and total nitrogen increased with increasing chemical N application rate, but decreased with the growth of summer maize. Soil NO<inf>3</inf>--N and total nitrogen accumulation increased with the increase of chemical N application rate in 0-200 cm soil, while the soil NH<inf>4</inf> -N accumulation were found to be in the following descending order: the 285 kg/hm2 N application rate&gt; the 142.5 kg/hm2 N application rate&gt; the 427.5 kg/hm2 N application rate, but the difference was no more than 0.1 kg/hm2. After harvest the soil nitrogen accumulation decreased. The influences of different N application rates on soil NO<inf>3</inf>--N, NH<inf>4</inf> -N and total nitrogen changes were mainly in 0-145 cm depth. The soil nitrogen was inclined to accumulate in powder sandy loam and leach into water in sandy loam. The 142.5 kg/hm2 N application rate can effectively reduce the NO<inf>3</inf>--N leaching, and reduce NH<inf>4</inf> -N and total nitrogen content in soil, thus make the risk of groundwater pollution minimum. The groundwater in Beijing is deep, which is not polluted easily by NO<inf>3</inf>--N leaching. However, large quantity of chemical N application in long-term and the presence of soil macropores can accelerate the leaching and migration of NO<inf>3</inf>--N in the soils, thus posing a threat to groundwater quality in the Beijing area.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Fertilizers - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Leaching - Nitrogen - Soil conditioners - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulation - Application rates - Beijing area - Fertilizer applications - Ground-water qualities - Macropores - N fertilizers - Sandy loams - Soil nitrogen - Summer maize - Total nitrogen - Total nitrogen content - Vadose Zone
Classification code:444.2 Groundwater - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 804 Chemical Products Generally
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20121915007964
Title:Experimental research on performance of different knotter driving pulleys
Authors:Li, Hui (1); Wang, Qingjie (1); He, Jin (1); Jing, Peng (1); Zheng, Zhiqi (1); Li, Hongwen (1); Cao, Qingchun (2); Lu, Zhanyuan (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Henan Hao Feng Machinery Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Henan 461103, China; (3) Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Huhhot 010031, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Q.(wangqingjie@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:27-33
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:As a key part of the knotter, knotter driving pulley is the total power source of the knotter used on briquetters. The parameters of knotter driving pulley are main factors for affecting the knotting rate. Two kinds of CTRC knotters (CTRC_I and CTRC_II) were designed to solve the present knotting problems, which including mis-clipping, mis-cutting and mis-tripping off the twine. CTRC_I was composed of CTRC basal part and reversed "9" type cam block, while CTRC_II was composed of CTRC basal part and arc-tangent type cam block. The comparison was carried out among CTRC_I, CTRC_II and New Holland knotter driving pulleys indoor. The results showed that the stable knotting rate of CTRC_I pulley (90.0%) was significant higher than that of New Holland (83.5%) and CTRC_II (65.0%) types of pulleys. The best stable knotting rate was obtained under three combinations: New Holland with sisal twine, CTRC_I with polypropylene twine and CTRC_I with sisal twine and was 22.7%~53.5% higher than the other three combinations. During the experiments, mean maximum pull tension was got by the CTRC_II type pulley, while the minimum pull tension was got by the CTRC_I type pulley. At last, the knot quality was the highest for CTRC_I pulley while the twine dosage was also largest for it in comparison with the CTRC_II and New Holland pulleys. Meanwhile, the twine dosage was the largest at 70 r/min (99.5 mm) and smallest at 40 r/min (94.8 mm). Finally, the knotting performance of CTRC_I and New Holland pulleys were proved to be better than CTRC_II pulley by comprehensive benefit analysis through combining the methods of analytic hierarchy process and effect coefficient. Combination of the CTRC_I pulley and polypropylene rope was the best operating mode among the six different combinations.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Pulleys
Controlled terms:Cams - Experiments - Polypropylenes - Thermoplastics - Twine
Uncontrolled terms:Briquetter - Comprehensive benefit - Experimental research - Key parts - Knotter - Knotting rate - Operating modes - Performance - Total power
Classification code:601.3 Mechanisms - 691.1 Materials Handling Equipment - 694.2 Packaging Materials - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20121915008001
Title:Determination of pork freshness attributes by hyperspectral imaging technique
Authors:Zhang, Leilei (1); Li, Yongyu (1); Peng, Yankun (1); Wang, Wei (1); Jiang, Fachao (1); Tao, Feifei (1); Shan, Jiajia (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Peng, Y.(ypeng@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:254-259
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The objectives of this research was to develop a hyperspectral imaging system to predict pork freshness based on quality attributes such as total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and pH value. Reflectance spectra were collected from the hyperspectral scattering images in the range of 470 to 1000 nm, and pre-processed by Savitzky-Golay (S-G) based on five and eleven smoothening points and multiple scattering correlation (MSC) methods separately. Their prediction results were compared with prediction models developed by partial least square regression (PLSR) method. PLSR with S-G pre-processing could predict pork TVB-N with correlation coefficient (R<inf>v</inf>) of 0.90 and standard error of prediction (SEP) of 7.80.Similarly PLSR with MSC pre-processing data predicted pork TVB-N with R<inf>v</inf> of 0.89 and SEP of 8.0. The prediction model established using MSC as pre-processing method yielded better result for prediction of pH value, which R<inf>v</inf> was 0.79 and SEP was 0.37. The result showed that, by the prediction models for TVB-N and pH value with MSC pre-processing method, the prediction accuracy for pork freshness classification could reach up to 91%. The research demonstrates that the hyperspectral imaging technique can be applied in rapid and non-destructive detection of pork freshness.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Meats
Controlled terms:Data handling - Forecasting - Imaging techniques - Mathematical models - Nondestructive examination - pH - Processing - Spectrum analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Hyperspectral Imaging - pH value - PLSR - Pork freshness - TVB-N
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 822.3 Food Products - 913.4 Manufacturing - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20121915007990
Title:Identification method for rice plant hoppers based on image spectral characteristics
Authors:Liu, Deying (1); Zhao, Sanqin (1); Ding, Weimin (1); Chen, Kunjie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
Corresponding author:Liu, D.(dyliu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:184-188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To accurately and rapidly identify the rice plant hoppers, a novel method for identification of the rice plant hoppers was proposed by using image processing and image spectra analysis. At first, the automatic digital image acquisition device developed by us was used to capture the hopper images. The threshold 140 was utilized for the segmentation of the background and the insects after statistic and analyzing gray values of the pixels in the background and the insects. Then morphological filting, opening and AND operations were conducted on the insect images and the back images of each insect were obtained. Two-dimensional Fourier spectra for back images of the insects were extracted through the Fourier transform. Finally, the fisher discriminant function was established based on the two-dimensional spectrum data and was used for the identification of the rice plant hoppers. The training and validation results showed that the correct recognition rates for the rice plant hoppers were more than 90%, indicating that the proposed method has potential to automatically identify the rice plant hopper.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Image processing
Controlled terms:Fourier transforms - Hoppers - Image recognition - Spectrum analysis - Two dimensional
Uncontrolled terms:Digital image acquisition - Fisher discriminant function - Fourier spectra - Gray value - Identification method - Image spectra - Insect images - Insects - Recognition rates - Rice plants - Spectral characteristics - Two-dimensional spectra - Validation results
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 691.1 Materials Handling Equipment - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20121915007960
Title:Criteria and assessment for sustainability of land consolidation
Authors:Zhang, Zhengfeng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Z.(zhengfengzh@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:1-7
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to discriminate the sustainability of land consolidation (LC), the criteria for the sustainability of land consolidation were established, which include increasing cropland and enhancing agricultural production (C<inf>1</inf>), strengthening disaster bearing capacity (C<inf>2</inf>), improving ecological environment (C<inf>3</inf>) and possessing economic vitality and social acceptability (C<inf>4</inf>). According to these criteria, a comprehensive assessment index system and model were defined. And then taking Xiaojing land consolidation project (LCP) in Shandong province of Eastern China as a case study, a total of 15 indicators were selected and the integrated index of sustainability of LC (SLC) was defined to evaluate the sustainability of LC. The results showed the total score of SLC was 63.20 belonging to marginal sustainability before LC and 80.55 belonging to moderate sustainability after LC, which indicated that the sustainability of LC increased after LC. The total integrated index scores of C<inf>1</inf>, C<inf>2</inf>, C<inf>3</inf> and C<inf>4</inf> increased from 21.77, 5.61, 14.46, 21.36 to 26.32, 8.53, 15.95, 29.75, respectively. The results can provide a support for the decision-making of the land consolidation authorities.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Drainage - Irrigation - Land use - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Comprehensive assessment - Consolidation projects - Eastern China - Ecological environments - Economic vitality - Ecosystem services value - Shandong province - Social acceptability
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 502 Mines and Quarry Equipment and Operations - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 442 Flood Control; Land Reclamation - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 401 Bridges and Tunnels - 406 Highway Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20121915007985
Title:Effect and evaluation of soil trace elements after grassland converted into cropland in agro-pasturage ecotone of northern China
Authors:Liu, Honglai (1); Yang, Feng (1); Huang, Ding (2); Chen, Chao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (2) College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Chen, C.(gzgyxgc3855218@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:155-160
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The soil available trace elements are very important to plant growing. The paired-site design was used to explore the effect of different grassland use on soil trace elements and evaluate the contents of soil trace elements, which would be helpful to develop scientific strategies for land use in the agro-pasturage ecotone of northern China. In the present study, the contents of soil available trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, B, Mo) were measured in typical grassland, meadow and their counterpart croplands. The results showed that the soil available Cu, Zn contents increased by 8.8% and 16.4% respectively after typical grassland converted into cropland; Soil available Fe, Mn, B and Mo contents decreased by 16.1% to 28.1%. According to soil available trace elements evaluation criteria, the soil available B and Mo were at high level, and Cu at medium level, Zn at extremely low level in both typical grassland and counterpart croplands. The soil available Fe and Mn decreased from high and medium levels to medium and low levels after typical grassland converted into cropland. The meadow reclamation made six soil available trace elements contents decrease by about 10.6%-77.7%, where the available Fe, B, and Mo were at extremely high level, and Mn at medium level, Zn at extremely low level in meadow and counterpart croplands. Soil available Cu decreased from high level to medium level after meadow converted into cropland. The soil trace elements below medium level could not meet the demands of grass vegetation and crop growing. It was suggested that the farmers should reserve high crop residue in the farmland and improve soil quality by returning straw to field and applying trace element fertilizer. Meanwhile it would be an importance to stop reclaiming the typical grassland, to return the crop field into grassland and scientifically use the meadow in agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. It is suggested that the new evaluation criteria of soil trace element based on soil trace element density should be built.
Number of references:43
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Cultivation - Ecosystems - Manganese - Ship conversion - Trace elements - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Crop fields - Crop residue - Element density - Evaluation criteria - Low level - Meadow - Mo content - Northern China - Plant growing - Soil quality - Trace element fertilizers - Typical grassland - Zn content
Classification code:821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 801 Chemistry - 673.1 Shipbuilding - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 543.2 Manganese and Alloys - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20121915008004
Title:Fast discrimination of irradiation doses of rice flour based on Vis/NIR spectroscopy
Authors:Hong, Zhongliang (1); Qiu, Zhengjun (1); Xie, Yanguang (2); Zhao, Xiaojun (2); Wang, Zhiping (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (2) Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.(zhpwang@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:271-274
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to discriminate the rice flour processed by different doses of irradiation, a fast and nondestructive method was proposed based on the visible-near infrared spectroscopy. Four groups of rice flour were irradiated using different doses of 60Co γ-rays, and 200 test samples were obtained. The reflection spectrum data of all samples were collected by using ASD visible-near infrared spectrometer, and the data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) method. Taking the first 6 principal components (PCs) as the inputs of the back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), an identification model was established. The results showed that the identification accuracy of the model for predicting samples could reach up to 100% in the setting of standard deviation of ±0.1. The proposed method has good classification and identification effects, which can provide a new technical method for fast identification of irradiation rice flour products.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Irradiation
Controlled terms:Near infrared spectroscopy - Neural networks - Principal component analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Back-propagation artificial neural network - BP neural networks - Four-group - Identification accuracy - Identification model - Irradiation dose - Nondestructive methods - Principal Components - Reflection spectra - Rice flour - Standard deviation - Test samples - Vis/NIR spectroscopy - Visible-near infrared spectroscopy
Classification code:711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 801 Chemistry - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20121915007962
Title:Design and experiment of 2F-6-BP1 variable rate assorted fertilizer applicator
Authors:Wei, Liguo (1); Zhang, Xiaochao (1); Yuan, Yanwei (1); Liu, Yangchun (1); Li, Zhuoli (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratories in areas of Soil-Plant-Machine System Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(zxchao2584@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:14-18
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:2F-6-BP1 variable rate assorted fertilizer applicator was designed to solve the problem of lacking suitable variable rate fertilizer application with big power tractor in China. By accessing the speed of the tractor via a speed indicator, and ascertaining the location of the applicator in the field via GPS system, the expert system of the applicator could determine the dispensing rate of the fertilizers based on the preloaded fertilizer maps storing the desired fertilizer level. The expert system of the applicator adjusted fertilizing to attain precision fertilization according to the feedback fertilizer flow. The system design, working process and experiments of the applicator were also explained in the paper. The experiment results indicate that the maximal weighing error of the variable rate fertilizer applicator is 0.65% and the fertilization precision can reach above 95%. Therefore, the variable rate fertilizer is good economic and practical in the precision agriculture.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Applicators
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Design - Experiments - Expert systems - Fertilizers - Tractors (truck)
Uncontrolled terms:Fertilizer applications - Fertilizer levels - Global position systems - Precision Agriculture - Variable rate - Variable rate fertilizer applicators - Working process
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.4.1 Expert Systems - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 601 Mechanical Design - 408 Structural Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20121915007971
Title:Simulation and analysis of unsteady pressure fluctuation in hydraulic turbine
Authors:Yang, Sunsheng (1); Kong, Fanyu (1); Zhang, Xinpeng (1); Huang, Zhipan (1); Cheng, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Yang, S.(yangsunsheng@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:67-72
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Pressure pulsation of internal flow field within pump as turbine is one of the major factors affecting the stability of turbine unit. To research the unsteady pressure field in pump as turbine, computational fluid dynamics software CFX was adopted in the unsteady flow field analysis. Pressure pulsation results at various monitoring points were acquired and frequency analyses were performed based on these results. Results show that the pressure value decreases along the flow channel of hydraulic turbine. The pressure pulsations at volute cut water and the inlet of volute spiral development part are small. The main frequency of pressure pulsation in volute is two times of the impeller rotational frequency. The most intensive pressure pulsation of hydraulic part in hydraulic turbine is impeller and the most intensive location happens at the middle of impeller passage. The main frequency of impeller pressure pulsation is two times of the blade passing frequency. The pressure pulsation in outlet pipe gradually decreases along the pipe, and its main frequency of pressure pulsation is two times of the impeller rotational frequency.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Hydraulic motors
Controlled terms:Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Hydraulic turbines - Impellers - Numerical methods - Turbines - Unsteady flow
Uncontrolled terms:Blade passing frequency - Computational Fluid Dynamics software - Flow channels - Frequency Analysis - Impeller passage - Internal flow field - Main frequency - Major factors - Monitoring points - Pressure pulsation - Pressure values - Pump as turbine - Rotational frequency - Simulation and analysis - Spiral development - Turbine unit - Unsteady flowfields - Unsteady pressure fields - Unsteady pressures
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 617.1 Hydraulic Turbines - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20121915007965
Title:Design of intelligent monitoring system for grain cleaning losses based on symmetry sensors
Authors:Mao, Hanping (1); Liu, Wei (1); Han, Lühua (1); Zhang, Xiaodong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technol., Min. of Edu., Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Mao, H.(maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:34-39
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A kind of monitoring system for combined harvesters cleaning losses was designed. The symmetry sensors were used to eliminate machine vibration interferences. The stimulating signals were processed by charge amplifier bandpass and antialiasing filter, and the signals of cleaning losses were then extracted effectively. The single-chip computer unit was used for monitoring and counting in real-time. The results of laboratory test and field test showed that the designed monitoring system can effectively monitor combined harvesters cleaning losses, and the maximum measurement error is 2.81%, which meets the practical monitoring requirements.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Cleaning
Controlled terms:Bandpass filters - Combines - Harvesters - Monitoring - Sensors
Uncontrolled terms:Antialiasing filters - Band pass - Charge amplifiers - Computer units - Field test - Intelligent monitoring systems - Laboratory test - Monitoring system - Single-chip
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 801 Chemistry - 703.2 Electric Filters - 802.3 Chemical Operations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20121915007995
Title:Study on shaded factor of balcony wall solar collector unit
Authors:Wei, Shengxian (1); Li, Ming (1); Ji, Xu (1); Yu, Qiongfen (1); Long, Xing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Solar Energy Research Institute, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China; (2) College of Physics and Electric Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
Corresponding author:Li, M.(lmllldy@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:214-220
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:After solar collector unit integrating into balcony of high-rise buildings with large tilt angle (≥60°), the lower solar collector unit will be shaded by the upper one. The calculation model of the daily shaded factor has been developed in this paper. Daily shaded factor of representative days in summer months has been calculated by using this model and the daily shaded factor variations with latitude, tilt and azimuth have been analyzed and discussed. The results show that the maximal daily shaded factors of representative days in summer months appear at due south and they are approximate symmetrical distribution between East and West directions. Daily shaded factors and average shaded factors of summer months change smoothly at the azimuth angle range of [-20°, 20°]. Daily shaded factors decrease with the latitude and tilt angles increase. When solar collector units used at 20° N are integrated into the balcony at 60°, their maximal daily shaded factor is around 0.34; the daily shaded factors do not exceed 0.087 if the latitude equals to 35°. For all summer months, the average shaded factors are below 0.173. The azimuth angle should be controlled in [-20°, 20°] because large azimuth angle will reduce solar energy absorbed by the solar collector unit. For the sake of engineering applications, correlations with a high correlativity (R2≥0.99) of average shaded factors and azimuth angles have been given in this paper.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Solar collectors
Controlled terms:Calculations - Models - Solar energy - Tall buildings
Uncontrolled terms:Azimuth angles - Calculation models - Engineering applications - High rise building - Representative days - Shaded factor - Summer months - Tilt angle - Wall types
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 702.3 Solar Cells - 615.2 Solar Power - 402 Buildings and Towers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20121915008005
Title:Design of milk yield measurement system
Authors:Dai, Jianguo (1); Li, Shuanming (1); Zhou, Tao (1); Sui, Xianjun (1); Zheng, Yao (1); Zhang, Ruimin (1); Zhang, Weidong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, W.(zwd_inf@shzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:275-281
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to collect milk yield data rapidly and accurately, avoid the measurement error caused by commonly indirect measurement methods used at present, a milk yield collection system based on mass measurement method was designed. A mass measurement device based on pressure sensor was placed under the milk container, and the measuring signal were transformed to digital signal by A/D module to obtain the milk yield data and upload them to host computer. In the system, CAN bus was used to connect the lower computer to host computer with self-developed communication protocol The test results show that the system has the features such as rapid collection, strong fault-tolerance, and the measurement error can be controlled less than 6% in the range from 5 kg to 35 kg.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Fault tolerance
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Agriculture - Design - Measurements - Sensors
Uncontrolled terms:CAN bus - Collection systems - Cow - Digital signals - Host computers - Indirect measurement method - Mass measurements - Milk yield
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 408 Structural Design - 801 Chemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20121915008000
Title:Improvement of okara mouthfeel by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae fermentation
Authors:Li, Yanfang (1); Hao, Jianxiong (2); Cheng, Yongqiang (1); Zhao, Ruiping (3); Yin, Lijun (1); Li, Lite (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Bioscience and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; (3) Department of Food Science, North University of Hebei, Zhangjiakou 075131, China
Corresponding author:Li, L.(llt@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:248-253
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Okara is the byproduct of soy product with rich protein, dietary fiber, mineral, but it is not welcomed as edible soy product mainly because of its poor mouthfeel. In this research, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger were used to ferment okasa in order to reduce the particle size distribution and improve the mouthfeel of fermented okara. The results showed that both strains improved the mouthfeel of okara through fermention at 28°C, relative humidity 95%. After fermention with Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger, the particle size of okara decreased. The morphological analysis also showed the reduced particle size of fermented okara. Furthermore, the cellulase and hemicellulase activity were detected in the okara fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger for 3 and 10 days, which suggested that the both strains could induce the generation of celluase and hemicelluase in okara and lead to reduced particle size of fermented okara. The research can provide a new method for the unilization of fresh okara.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Aspergillus
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Fermentation - Particle size - Particle size analysis - Strain
Uncontrolled terms:Aspergillus niger - Aspergillus Oryzae - Dietary fibers - Fermented okara - Taste
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 461.8 Biotechnology - 461.9 Biology - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20121915007988
Title:Method of energy saving based on particle swarm optimization clustering for greenhouse wireless sensor networks
Authors:Wang, Jun (1); Liu, Gang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Vehicle and Motive Power Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
Corresponding author:Liu, G.(pac@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:172-177
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In greenhouse sensor network, high similarity data transmission of nodes in different areas may lead to communication bandwidth waste and energy cost increase. Therefore, the study of node data compression method is of great significance to reduce data redundancy and improve the node life ability. Based on the characters of data and the factor of endurance capability, a kind of greenhouse wireless sensor network solution was proposed. The system adopted round operation mode, in each round, nodes of monitoring similarity are put into same area by particle swarm optimization (PSO) K-means clustering algorithm. Each area with same data only allows node with highest clustering validity to transfer data into sink node, the rest data nodes need temporarily dormancy. The experimental results showed that the total number of sixteen nodes subsumed into Sleep was 131 in 10 collection rounds, the mean value of DCAPI was 0.1814 and energy consumption reduced by 72.93% or more. So the greenhouse wireless sensor network solution can greatly reduce the working nodes number per round and compress the data quantity in network.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Sensor nodes
Controlled terms:Data communication systems - Data compression - Data reduction - Design - Energy utilization - Greenhouses - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Wireless sensor networks
Uncontrolled terms:Clustering validity - Communication bandwidth - Compression methods - Data quantity - Data redundancy - Data similarity - Energy cost - K-means clustering - K-Means clustering algorithm - Mean values - Operation mode - Sink nodes - Working nodes
Classification code:723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 732 Control Devices - 717 Optical Communication - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 408 Structural Design - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20121915007969
Title:Modeling and simulation of power transmission of crawler bulldozer
Authors:Sun, Qiang (1); Bai, Shuzhan (1); Li, Guoxiang (1); Yan, Wei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
Corresponding author:Li, G.(liguox@sdu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:57-61
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to modeling crawler bulldozer rapidly, systematical analysis was carried out based on several characteristics, including working mode, system construction and dynamics. Furthermore, crawler type module, dynamic load module, hydraulic module and transfer case were established by Matlab\Simulink and Cruise. Rapid modeling for crawler bulldozer can be achieved by combining works mentioned above and the drive train model in Cruise. Based on parameters from real vehicle, the model was calibrated and used in simulation. With comparison of simulated results and experimental data, the errors of thrust force within 99.2% simulation time were less than 1% and the errors of track slip rate value within 71.8% simulation time were less than 1%. The results indicate that the model based on Cruise and Simulink can simulates straight bulldozing condition of bulldozer properly.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Dynamic loads - Errors - MATLAB - Models - Transfer cases (vehicles)
Uncontrolled terms:Crawler bulldozer - Drive train - Experimental data - Hydraulic modules - Model-based OPC - Modeling and simulation - Real vehicles - Simulated results - Simulation time - Simulink - Slip - Slip rates - System construction - Systematical analysis - Thrust forces - Working mode
Classification code:408.1 Structural Design, General - 691.1 Materials Handling Equipment - 723.5 Computer Applications - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20121915007997
Title:Remote sensing analysis of vegetation restoration in key ecological construction areas of Shaanxi province
Authors:Fan, Jianzhong (1); Li, Dengke (1); Dong, Jinfang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Shaanxi Remote Sensing Information Center for Agriculture, Xi'an 710014, China
Corresponding author:Li, D.(ldk81711@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:228-234
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on pixel decomposition model, this paper managed to get the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) of Shaanxi province form 2000 to 2010 with MODIS NDVI at a resolution of 250 m, and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of FVC in key ecological construction areas (grain for green Program, desertification prevention and control project, natural forest protection project) of Shaanxi province. The research results indicated that: 1) The FVC in key ecological construction areas of Shaanxi province in 2010 increased 8.3% to 23.2% compared with 2000.2) The FVC in key ecological construction areas showed an upward trend with fluctuation (P<0.01). The percentage change in linear trend of the desertification prevention and control project areas (83.8%) was the highest, and grain for green program in north Shaanxi (61.1%) was the next. 3) The FVC in each ecological construction areas mainly increased, and the areas with an upward vegetation coverage linear trend accounted for 82.8% to 98.2%. 4) The percentage of high FVC areas had a notable increase trend, and the percentage of the low FVC areas had a notable decrease trend. The FVC in the ecological construction areas were improved noticeably though the construction of key ecological construction, especially in desertification prevention and control project areas and grain for green program in north Shaanxi.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Ecology
Controlled terms:Climatology - Construction - Ecosystems - Remote sensing - Vegetation - Weathering
Uncontrolled terms:Control projects - Decomposition model - Ecological construction - Fractional vegetation cover - Natural forests - Remote sensing analysis - Research results - Shaanxi province - Temporal and spatial variation - Upward trend - Vegetation coverage - Vegetation restoration
Classification code:405 Construction Equipment and Methods; Surveying - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 443 Meteorology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20121915007974
Title:New method for axial force balance of canned motor pump
Authors:Li, Wei (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Jiang, Xiaoping (1); Wang, Zhun (2); Kong, Fanyu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Technical and Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) Kai Quan Pump Group Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201804, China
Corresponding author:Shi, W.(wdshi@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:86-90
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The magnitude of axial force has great impacts on the life and efficiency of canned motor pump. Because the traditional balance methods can not completely eliminate the axial force of canned motor pump, it is quite necessary to create new technique. Based on the analysis and calculation of axial force of canned motor pump, an auxiliary impeller was designed using the method of examination calculation. The auxiliary impeller drives coolant in the cooling circuit, and generates an axial force which is equal and opposite to axial force by the main impeller and rotor gravity force, thereby the axial force was eliminated. Through the axial force comparisons between theory calculation and experimental measurement, the residual axial force of canned motor pump is small, and the calculation results are basically consistent with experimental measurements. The practical application indicates that the new axial force balance method of canned motor pump is reliable and the calculation is correct. The new method can basically eliminate the residual axial force, reduce the bearing load and extend bearing life, so the canned motor pump can run safely and reliably. These research achievements are also valuable for engineering application.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Axial flow
Controlled terms:Axial loads - Calculations - Centrifugal pumps - Gravitation - Impellers - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Axial forces - Bearing life - Bearing loads - Canned motor pumps - Cooling circuits - Engineering applications - Experimental measurements - Gravity forces - Theory calculation
Classification code:931.5 Gravitation, Relativity and String Theory - 921 Mathematics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408 Structural Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20121915007982
Title:Evaluation of potential safety soil salinity in low plain around Bohai Sea
Authors:Wang, Jinzhe (1); Yan, Mingjiang (1); Zhang, Guanghui (1); Nie, Zhenlong (1); Zhou, Zaiming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
Corresponding author:Wang, J.(5885970@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:138-143
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Salt content of soil potential safety-critical and the maximum potential capacity of salt in a case study area of low plain of Huan Bohai were analyzed in this paper, in order to provide a scientific basis for protecting soil safety and irrigating food crops with saline water safely. Salinity distribution of 0-40 cm deep soil was identified by field investigation and laboratory data analysis, and on the basis of which, the paper evaluated the potential safety margin of salt using factors of safety soil salinity for different salts, soil chemical type and crop distribution pattern. The results indicated that the soil potential safety salinity ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 g/kg in the low plains around the Bohai Sea. The area where the soil potential safety salt ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 g/kg accounted for 81.3% of the total area, indicating a great potential margin for salt content. The areas with salinity ranges of 1.5-2.0, 2.5-3.0 and 1.0-1.5 g/kg accounted for 10.0%, 5.4%and 3.1% respectively. For the maximum soil potential safety salinity, it ranged from 1.5 to 5.5 g/kg, which was dominated by the range of 2.5-3.5 g/kg, and the area falling in this range accounted for 68.7%, indicating a smaller salt tolerance. The area falling in the maximum soil potential safety salinity ranges of 3.5-4.5, 1.5-2.5 and 4.5-5.5 g/kg accounted for 25.2%, 5.1% and 1.0% respectively. The spatial distribution of the potential safety margin of salt and the maximum soil potential safety salinity showed a great corresponding relationship. The area with larger potential safety margin of salt has a larger maximum soil potential safety salinity at the same time, and vice versa.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Crops - Safety engineering - Salinity measurement - Salts - Soil conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Bohai Sea - Data - Deep soils - Distribution patterns - Factors of safeties - Field investigation - Food crops - Potential capacity - Safety margin - Safety-critical - Salinity distributions - Salt content - Salt tolerance - Soil potential - Soil salinity - Study areas
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 914 Safety Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20121915007992
Title:3D vegetation net ecological slope purification and regulation system of pond aquaculture
Authors:Liu, Xingguo (1); Xu, Hao (1); Zhu, Hao (2); Gu, Zhaojun (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200092, China; (2) Pond Ecological Engineering Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
Corresponding author:Liu, X.(liuxg1223@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:194-199
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the building technology of 3D vegetation net slope and its purification and regulatory effects on water quality, this experiment used 3D vegetation net, water conduit and aquatic plants to construct aquaculture pond water purification and regulatory eco-slope system. The results showed that, the 3D vegetation net ecological slope system had the characteristics of sub-flow and surface flow wetland, with void ratio of 4-9%, gradient lower than 1:2.5 and the water flow velocity higher than 0.13 m/s. Under the situation of daily water circulation of 10%, the 3D vegetation net eco-slope system could reduce the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the aquaculture pond water by 46%, 65%, 49.2%, 64.4% and 39%, respectively; the reduction for chlorophyll-a of the aquaculture pond water was 8.8%. The purification efficiency of the eco-slope for total nitrogen, total phosphate and COD were 0.27, 0.015 and 0.94 g/h&middotm2, respectively. Compared to the control pond water, the green algae in the 3D vegetation nets eco-slope pond water increased by 10.7% and the blue-green algae decreased by 2.5%, and the Shannon Wiener index (H′) of algae increased by 38%. Simultaneously, the algae density in the experimental pond water reduced by 23% in comparison to the control pond water, in which the density of blue-green algae reduced by 48.4%, and the Cryptophyta and Euglenophyta increased by 24% and 34%, respectively. The dominant algae was more benefit for aquaculture needs in vegetation net eco-slope pond water. The study indicated that the 3D vegetation net eco-slope system has the function of protecting ponds ridge and water purification and regulation, which is a kind of 'economical, ecological and emission reduction' technologies.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Vegetation
Controlled terms:Algae - Algae control - Aquaculture - Chlorophyll - Ecology - Ecosystems - Emission control - Fish ponds - Lakes - Nitrogen - Purification - Three dimensional - Water quality - Water supply - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:3D vegetation net - Ammonia nitrogen - Aquatic plants - Blue green algae - Building technologies - Chlorophyll a - Control ponds - Ecological slope - Emission reduction - Green alga - Nitrate nitrogen - Nitrite nitrogen - Pond - Pond water - Purification efficiency - Regulatory effects - Surface-flow wetland - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Void ratios - Water circulation - Water flows - Water purification - Wiener index
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 453.1 Water Pollution Sources - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 453.2 Water Pollution Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20121915007972
Title:Experimental investigation of meridional velocity and circulation in axial-flow impeller outlet
Authors:Zhang, Desheng (1); Li, Tongtong (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Zhang, Hua (1); Zhang, Guangjian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.(zds@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:73-77
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the meridional velocity and circulation distribution in axial-flow impeller outlet, the measuring device was designed to measure a series of high efficiency axial flow pump models. A miniature five-hole spherical probe based on flow around a sphere the principle was used to measure the meridional velocity and circulation in axial-flow impeller outlet in multi-conditions. The experimental results show that meridional velocity distribution in axial-flow impeller outlet is parabolic flow pattern in optimal conditions. The maximum meridional velocity is located in the middle of blade, while meridional velocity decreases near the hub and flange region. Non-linear circulation distribution occurs in the flow field of impeller outlet, the circulation curve is relatively flat in the central of blade, while it reduces to about 0.8 times near hub and increases to about 1.2 times near tip. The measurement data of axial velocity and circulation is synthesized polynomial equations, which will provide reference for the axial-flow impeller hydraulic design.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Velocity distribution
Controlled terms:Boiler circulation - Experiments - Flow measurement - Impellers - Polynomials - Pumps - Spheres - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms:Axial flow pump - Axial velocity - Circulation distribution - Experimental investigations - Hydraulic designs - Impeller outlet - Measurement data - Measuring device - On flow - Optimal conditions - Polynomial equation - Spherical probes
Classification code:931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics - 931.1 Mechanics - 921.1 Algebra - 901.3 Engineering Research - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 618.2 Pumps - 614.2 Steam Power Plant Equipment and Operation - 601.2 Machine Components
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20121915007979
Title:Water and ammonium adsorption characteristics of water retaining agent in different solutions of ammonium salt
Authors:Wang, Xin'ai (1); Li, Yongsheng (2); Du, Jianjun (2); Su, Xiaowan (2); Huang, Bangyu (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
Corresponding author:Du, J.(dujj@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:117-123
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the interaction between water retaining agents (WRAs)and NH<inf>4</inf> , polyacrylate (PAA) and poly acrylate-co-acrylamide (P(AA-AM)) were selected as the tested WRAs to study the characteristics of water and NH<inf>4</inf> adsorption in a series of solutions of NH<inf>4</inf> Cl, NH<inf>4</inf> Cl-KCl and NH<inf>4</inf> Cl-CaCl<inf>2</inf> respectively. The results showed that NH<inf>4</inf> could obviously reduce the water absorbency of the WARs. The water absorbency was markedly decreased with the NH<inf>4</inf> concentration increase. The relationship between relative water absorbency and NH<inf>4</inf> concentration could be described by the minus power function. For NH<inf>4</inf> , K , Ca2 individual solution and NH<inf>4</inf> -K , NH<inf>4</inf> -Ca2 coexistent solution, the influence of WRAs on water absorbency followed the order NH<inf>4</inf> -K < NH<inf>4</inf> , K <NH<inf>4</inf> -Ca2 <Ca2. In despite of the sharply decrease of water absorbency with the rising of NH<inf>4</inf> concentration, WRAs could largely adsorb NH<inf>4</inf> and water. The adsorption capacity of NH<inf>4</inf> increased with rising of NH<inf>4</inf> concentration. This adsorption could be well described by Freundlich and linear model. In different solutions with the same NH<inf>4</inf> concentration, the adsorption capacities of NH<inf>4</inf> were different. NH<inf>4</inf> -K and NH<inf>4</inf> -Ca2 coexistent solutions were helpful to NH<inf>4</inf> adsorption. In NH<inf>4</inf> , K , Ca2 individual solution and NH<inf>4</inf> -K , NH<inf>4</inf> -Ca2 coexistent solutions, the adsorption capacity of NH<inf>4</inf> followed the trend of NH<inf>4</inf> <NH<inf>4</inf> -Ca2 <NH<inf>4</inf> -K . Comparatively, P(AA-AM) was more tolerant to NH<inf>4</inf> and had stronger adsorption capability for NH<inf>4</inf> than P(AA).
Number of references:24
Main heading:Water absorption
Controlled terms:Absorption - Adsorption - Amides - Ammonium compounds - Calcium - Calcium chloride
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorption capability - Adsorption capacities - Ammonium adsorption - Ammonium salt - Freundlich - Power functions - Water absorbency - Water-retaining agents
Classification code:549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20121915007986
Title:Cotton diseases identification based on rough sets and BP neural network
Authors:Zhang, Jianhua (1); Qi, Lijun (1); Ji, Ronghua (2); Wang, Hu (1); Huang, Shikai (1); Wang, Pei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Optimal Design of Modern Agricultural Equipment in Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Qi, L.(qilijun@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:161-167
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the recognition rate of cotton diseases, an identification method of cotton diseases based on rough sets and BP neural network under natural environmental conditions was presented. In this method, Otsu method was used to get the threshold of H, a* and b* components from four cotton diseases colored images in the HSI and L* a* b* color spaces, and diseased regions of cotton were extract by intersection with H a* b* component and original image. Color moments and GLCM were used to extract texture features and color features from diseased regions. Features were then used as inputs to a cotton disease recognition model with rough set theory and a BP neural network classifier. The comparison test showed that rough set theory could cut down the dimension of features from sixteen to five and reduce training time of BP neural network to 25% of that without rough set, and the average recognition accuracy rate could reach up to 92.72%. The results of this study showed that the proposed classification method could accurately identify four cotton diseases, which can provide a technical support for cotton diseases prevention.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Rough set theory
Controlled terms:Color - Cotton - Diseases - Identification (control systems) - Neural networks
Uncontrolled terms:BP neural network classifier - BP neural networks - Classification methods - Color features - Color moments - Colored images - Comparison test - Environmental conditions - Identification method - Original images - Otsu method - Recognition accuracy - Recognition models - Recognition rates - Rough set - Technical support - Texture features - Training time
Classification code:461.7 Health Care - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics - 819.1 Natural Fibers - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20121915007970
Title:Vehicle emissions and fuel consumption of diesel vehicles fueled with ethanol-butanol-diesel blends
Authors:Chen, Zhenbin (1); Ni, Jimin (1); Zhang, Xihui (2); Ye, Nianye (1); Hao, Rulin (3); Mai, Ruili (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Automotive College, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; (3) Hainan Automobile Test Research Institute, Qionghai 571400, China
Corresponding author:Chen, Z.(ebin1208@tom.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:62-66
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of a diesel passenger car and a diesel minibus on road were measured to investigate the vehicle emissions and fuel consumption with ethanol-butanol-diesel blends. The experimental data from the car fueled with an E10 blend that contains 10% ethanol and 4% butanol by volume, was compared with those from the fossil diesel, it resulted in decreases of 10.42% in NO<inf>X</inf> emissions, 27.43% in HC NO<inf>X</inf> emissions and 2.13% in PM emissions. The fuel consumption also declined by 7.66% and 3.71% under the car in constant velocity conditions of 90 and 120 km/h, respectively. Nevertheless, the results showed increases of 31.43% in CO emissions and 4.48% in fuel consumption for the car in terms of New European Driving Cycle or NEDC. Yet the E10 mixture in the minibus reduced the emissions of free acceleration exhaust smoke by 31.11%. This research demonstrates the practical applications of ethanol-butanol- diesel blends for improving vehicle emissions and fuel consumption.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Alcohols
Controlled terms:Automobiles - Diesel engines - Ethanol - Exhaust gases - Fuel consumption
Uncontrolled terms:CO emissions - Constant velocities - Diesel vehicles - Ethanol-butanol-diesel blends - Exhaust emission - Exhaust smoke - Experimental data - New european driving cycles - PM emissions - Vehicle emission
Classification code:521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 612.1 Internal Combustion Engines, General - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 662.1 Automobiles - 804.1 Organic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20121915007983
Title:Experimental study on hydro-dynamic mechanism of sheet erosion processes on loess hillslope
Authors:Liu, Jun'e (1); Wang, Zhanli (2); Gao, Sujuan (1); Zhang, Kuandi (4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming in the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (4) School of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.(zwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:144-149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Sheet erosion is the initial form of soil erosion evolution on a hillslope. Revealing the hydrodynamic mechanisms of sheet erosion and determining the hydrodynamic parameters closely related to sheet erosion are of importance to control sheet erosion effectively. The hydrodynamic mechanisms of sheet erosion processes on a loess hillslope were studied by a simulated rainfall experiment. Results showed that: 1) In terms of the correlation coefficients for the responsive relationships of sheet erosion modulus to mean hydrodynamic parameters in a single rainfall on the loess hillslope, the mean parameters examined could be ranged in the order of mean cross-section specific energy > mean stream power > mean unit stream power > mean stream shear stress. 2) In terms of the correlation coefficients for the responsive relationships of sheet erosion rates to instantaneous hydrodynamic parameters in a rainfall process on the loess hillslope, the instantaneous hydrodynamic parameters could be ranged in the order of cross-section specific energy > stream power > unit stream power > stream shear stress. 3) Cross-section specific energy was the hydrodynamic index closely related to hydrodynamic processes of sheet erosion on loess hillslope under the experimental conditions and the best hydrodynamic parameter describing hydrodynamic processes of sheet erosion. Under the experimental conditions, the occurrence and development of hydrodynamic processes of sheet erosion on the loess hillslope were basically driven by the hydrodynamic functions characterized by cross-section specific energy.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Erosion
Controlled terms:Experiments - Hydrodynamics - Isomers - Rain - Shear stress
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation coefficient - Erosion process - Erosion rates - Experimental conditions - Experimental studies - Hillslopes - Hydrodynamic functions - Hydrodynamic parameters - Hydrodynamic process - Simulated rainfall - Soil erosion - Specific energy - Stream power - Unit stream power
Classification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 801 Chemistry - 631.2 Hydrodynamics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 443.3 Precipitation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

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Accession number:20121915007981
Title:Spatial variation and relationship of soil resistivity and water moisture on typical grass slopes of Yunwu Mountains
Authors:Duan, Xu (1); Wang, Yanhui (2); Cheng, Jimin (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Lab. for Forest Rsrc. Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Min. of Edu., Department of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (2) Research Institute of Forestry Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (3) Ministry of Water Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Duan, X.(feixue20012360@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:130-137
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To understand the spatial distribution of soil moisture characteristics along Loess Plateau slopes, the method of multi-electrode resistivity meter (Electrical Resistivity Tomography, ERT) was used to measure the spatial distribution of soil resistivity on two typical grass slopes of Yunwu Mountains at Guyuan in early May of 2010 respectively. One southeast slope had the 400 m length longitude transect, the other had four different longitude transects about 100 m length respectively. Along the two slopes the spatial variation of soil resistivity and water moisture were measured by more points simultaneously. Results showed that the spatial continuity and variability of soil resistivity along the southeast longitudinal slope were general good. The soil resistivity of semi-shady or shady slopes (northwest, northeast) was less than that of semi-sunny or sunny slopes (southeast, southwest), and the soil resistivity increased gradually with soil depth increase. Meanwhile, soil resistivity increased almost linearly with the decrease of volumetric water content with a good correlation. So it was an effective way to understand the spatial distribution of soil moisture on the Loess slope by measuring soil resistivity and calculating soil moisture quantitatively and continuously.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Landforms
Controlled terms:Electric resistance - Moisture - Soil moisture - Soils - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Electrical resistivity tomography - Good correlations - Loess Plateau - Loess slopes - Multi-electrode - Soil depth - Soil resistivity - Spatial continuity - Spatial variations - Volumetric water content - Water moisture - Yunwu Mountains
Classification code:423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20121915008007
Title:Dynamic rheological properties of bamboo flour/high density polyethylene (HDPE) composite
Authors:Yang, Wenbin (1); Zhang, Yaolin (2); Chen, Enhui (1); Zhang, Mingxin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350001, China; (2) Wood Product Division of Forest Product Innovations, Quebec, G1P4R4, Canada
Corresponding author:Yang, W.(fafuywb@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:288-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore dynamic rheological behavior of wood plastic composites, and to better improve the production efficiency and reveal interfacial interaction mechanism, the bamboo flour/high density polyethylene(HDPE) composite was selected to investigate the effects of aluminum-titanium coupling agent, and calcium stearate lubricant on the rheological behavior of composite. The composite was firstly compounded by internal mixer, and then made through injection molding. A series of dynamic rheological tests were conducted, which include the strain sweep, frequency sweep and strain sweep at different temperatures. Strain scanning results showed that addition of additives in bamboo flour/HDPE composites enlarged the stain range of the linear visco-elastic zone compared with the composites without additives. The correlation between the modulus and the slope of the frequency at the low frequency region indicated that adding coupling agents and lubricants could accelerate the dispersion of bamboo floor into polyethylene matrix. The relationship between dynamic viscosity and loss viscosity revealed that the interfacial adhesion between the bamboo powder and polyethylene could be enhanced, to a certain extent, by adding coupling agents and lubricants. The research can provide a reference for application of additives agent during wood plastic composites processing.
Number of references:21
Main heading:High density polyethylenes
Controlled terms:Bamboo - Composite materials - Coupling agents - Lubricants - Rheology - Strain - Temperature - Testing - Thermoplastics - Titanium - Wood products
Uncontrolled terms:Bamboo floors - Calcium stearate - Dynamic rheological behaviors - Dynamic rheological properties - Dynamic viscosities - Frequency sweep - Interfacial adhesions - Interfacial interaction - Internal mixers - Low frequency regions - Polyethylene matrix - Production efficiency - Rheological behaviors - Rheological test - Strain scanning - Visco-elastic - Wood plastic composite
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931.1 Mechanics - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 811 Cellulose, Paper and Wood Products - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 607.1 Lubricants - 542.3 Titanium and Alloys - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 415 Metals, Plastics, Wood and Other Structural Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.048
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20121915007980
Title:Detection of sylvine concentration in water based on permittivity
Authors:Xi, Xinming (1); Zhang, Naiqian (2); He, Dongjian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronics Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan Kansas 66506, United States
Corresponding author:He, D.(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:124-129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to find out a fast detection method for pollutants in water, through analysis on the relationship between concentration of different ion or cation in sylvine solutions and dielectric properties, the rapid and accurate detection method for sylvine concentration in water based on permittivity was studied. Using the new permittivity detection sensor designed for liquid dielectric materials, frequency-response data of sylvine solutions with different concentrations over a wide frequency range were measured by experiments. With PLS regression, the concentration prediction model for various ions or cation in sylvine solutions was established. By principal component analysis, the characteristic frequencies of potassium cation have been identified. With the characteristic frequencies, the new prediction model for concentration of potassium cation was established. The results showed that each ion or cation solution has its unique frequency-response pattern; frequency-response properties of different kinds of sylvine solution are significant difference at the low frequency region. For mixing solutions of low concentration, the coefficient of determination (R2) was high up to 0.98865 while RMSE was 0.37598 mg/L for training PLS regression model of potassium cation concentration when only using gain data. For validation of PLS regression model, R2 was high up to 0.98861 while RMSE was 0.41031 mg/L. Principal component analysis and identification of the characteristic frequencies can reduce the amount of data significantly, and also have a high accuracy.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Frequency response
Controlled terms:Dielectric materials - Dielectric properties of liquids - Mathematical models - Permittivity - Positive ions - Principal component analysis - Regression analysis - Sensors - Water - Water pollution
Uncontrolled terms:Cation concentrations - Characteristic frequencies - Coefficient of determination - Concentration prediction - Detection methods - Detection sensors - Low concentrations - Low frequency regions - PLS regression - Potassium salts - Prediction model - Water based - Wide frequency range
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 801 Chemistry - 731.1 Control Systems - 708.1 Dielectric Materials - 453 Water Pollution - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20121915007966
Title:Design and experiment of hand-push lowbush blueberry picking machine
Authors:Guo, Yanling (1); Bao, Yudong (1); He, Peizhuang (1); Wang, Haibin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Corresponding author:Bao, Y.(fhbaoyudong@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:40-45
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To realize the mechanization of blueberry harvest and reduce the workers' labor intensity, a hand-push picking machine for the lowbush blueberry was designed. The design basis was got by analyzing the mechanism of the harvesting machine, and then the simulation of the key parts was did with ADAMS to determine working parameters of the picking mechanism, according that, the transmission system could be designed. At last the picking machine was made. The experimental data were obtained from the picking experiments using the prototype. The picking rate of one machine was 12 kg/h, and the damage and the clearly picking rates were 10% and 86% respectively. Finally influence factors of the low picking efficiency were summarized and improvement measures were put forward.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Design
Controlled terms:Experiments - Harvesters - Machine tools - Machinery
Uncontrolled terms:ADAMS - Experimental data - Harvesting machines - Improvement measure - Key parts - Labor intensity - Lowbush blueberry - One-machine - Picking - Picking efficiency - Transmission systems - Working parameters
Classification code:408 Structural Design - 601 Mechanical Design - 603.1 Machine Tools, General - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20121915007963
Title:Dynamic characteristics of pneumatic side-sway joint
Authors:Wang, Zhiheng (1); Yang, Qinghua (1); Qian, Shaoming (1); Bao, Guanjun (1); Zhang, Libin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Lab. of Special Purpose Equipment and Adv. Manufacturing Technol., Min. of Edu. and Zhejiang Prov., Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, L.(wangzhiheng232@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:19-26
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Because of shortcomings of the existing pneumatic joints, side-sway joint driven by FPAs directly was proposed which could simulate swing movement of human hand. The operating principle of the side-sway joint finger was presented. According to the first law of thermodynamics, combined with dynamic equation of the joint, the dynamic model of the side-sway joint was established. Experiments were carried out to test the static and dynamic characteristics of the joint. There was certain error between experimental curve and theoretical curve, and the error cause was analyzed. Using a series dual loop control method, the output angle and output force of joint were controlled. The results showed: when expected output angle was15°, the loop dynamic response time was about 0.3 s, and the steady-state relative deviation was less than 0.65%. When expected output force was 188 N&middotmm, the loop dynamic response time was about 0.3 s, and the steady-state relative deviation was less than 1.5%. The side-sway joint can meet the requirement for designing multi-fingered dexterous hand joint.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Dynamic models
Controlled terms:Dynamic response - Experiments - Pneumatics - Robots - Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms:Dual-loop control - Dynamic characteristics - Dynamic equations - Experimental curves - First law of thermodynamics - Flexible pneumatic actuator - Human hands - Loop dynamics - Multi-fingered dexterous hand - Multifingered hands - Operating principles - Output force - Relative deviations - Static and dynamic
Classification code:408.1 Structural Design, General - 632.3 Pneumatics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 731.5 Robotics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20121915008003
Title:Rapid determination of essential fatty acids in edible oils based on near infrared spectroscopy
Authors:Zhang, Hui (1); Wu, Di (1); Li, Xiang (1); Shi, Pinyan (1); Wang, Sihan (1); Feng, Fengqin (1); He, Yong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
Corresponding author:Feng, F.(fengfq@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:266-270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to find out a fast quantitative determination method for the essential fatty acids in edible oils, near infrared spectroscopy was applied in determination of the contents of α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid. The chemometrics models between near infrared spectra and the contents of α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid were established by partial least squares regression (PLS) and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM). Several common used spectral pretreatment methods were used to establish different PLS and LS-SVM models. For linoleic acid prediction, best predictive performance was obtained using LS-SVM model and spectral pretreatment of Savitzky-Golay smoothing and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). Coefficient of determination (R<inf>p</inf>2), root mean square error for prediction (RMSEP) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) were 0.0161, 0.989 and 9.4783, respectively. For α-linolenic acid prediction, best predictive performance was obtained using LS-SVM model and the spectral pretreatment of Savitzky-Golay smoothing and standard normal variation (SNV). R<inf>p</inf>2, RMSEP and RPD were 0.0036, 0.972 and 6.0561, respectively. The results indicate that it is feasible to use near infrared spectroscopy for fast determination of α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid contents in edible oils.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Linoleic acid
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Mean square error - Models - Near infrared spectroscopy - Oils and fats - Optimization - Polyunsaturated fatty acids - Support vector machines
Uncontrolled terms:Chemometrics - Coefficient of determination - Determination - Essential fatty acids - Least squares support vector machines - Linolenic acids - Multiplicative scatter correction - Near infrared spectra - Partial least squares regression - Pre-Treatment - Predictive performance - Pretreatment methods - Quantitative determinations - Rapid determination - Root mean square errors - Savitzky-Golay
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 801 Chemistry - 731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20121915007976
Title:Control strategy for engine Start/Stop system of mild hybrid electric vehicle
Authors:Chen, Hanyu (1); Zuo, Chengji (1); Yuan, Yinnan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Corresponding author:Chen, H.(losttheway@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:97-102
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The behavior of engine automatic start and stop under idle speed is an important working mode for a mild hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), which can avoid engine running under idle operating mode. So it can reduce engine fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission. The engine start dynamics and the control strategy of start/stop system for ISG(integrated starter/generator) mild HEV were studied. The hybrid controller unit (HCU) model was built in Matlab/Simulink environment, and the coordinated output torque between engine and ISG motor was simulated in the NEDC driving cycle. Finally the engine start and the drum contrasted test were carried out. The simulation and test results showed that the start/stop system could ensure the engine stop normally under idle operating mode. With the start/stop system coordinated control, the engine run smoothly in the whole driving cycle, and the output torque was always in the low fuel consumption area. The HC and CO emissions of HEV equipped with start/stop system declined obviously compared to the traditional vehicle. The 100-kilometer fuel consumption dropped from 8.60 liter to 7.30 liter, and the fuel saving effect was remarkable.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Exhaust systems (engine)
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Control systems - Fuel economy - Hybrid vehicles - Secondary batteries - Testing - Torque motors
Uncontrolled terms:CO emissions - Co-ordinated control - Control strategies - Driving cycle - Engine fuels - Engine start - Fuel savings - Hybrid controller - Idle speed - Low fuel consumption - MATLAB/Simulink environment - Mild hybrid - Operating modes - Output torque - Start/stop system - Starter/generator - Working mode
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 705.3 Electric Motors - 702.1.2 Secondary Batteries - 731.1 Control Systems - 612.3 Gas Turbines and Engines - 432 Highway Transportation - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20121915007987
Title:Soil classification based on near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and orthogonal signal correction-partial least square
Authors:Song, Haiyan (1); Qin, Gang (2); Han, Xiaoping (1); Liu, Haiqin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (2) College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
Corresponding author:Song, H.(yybbao@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:168-171
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Soils with different soil textures have different spectra because of their different moisture-holding capacity and particle size. This feature provides a scientific basis for soil textural classification by Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) technology. In the paper, the spectra of three different soil textural samples (sand, loam and clay soils) were analyzed. Since texture information in spectra is less than chemical information, the orthogonal signal correction (OSC) was applied in this research because it can keep down concentration information by orthogonal processing, and the partial least square (PLS) classification model was obtained. The results showed that the correlation coefficient of validation model was 0.946, and the correct recognition ratio for the three kinds of predicted samples were 93%, 86.6% and 86.6% respectively. The research indicates that OSC can extract texture information from weak spectra, so as to realize soil texture classification.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Classification (of information) - Near infrared spectroscopy - Textures
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical information - Classification models - Clay soil - Correlation coefficient - Least Square - Moisture holding capacity - Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy - Orthogonal signal correction - Orthogonal signals - OSC-PLS - Partial least square (PLS) - Recognition ratio - Soil classification - Soil textures - Textural classification - Texture information - Validation model
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 801 Chemistry - 933 Solid State Physics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20121915007984
Title:Pore-damage evolution and mechanical properties of remolded soil by CT-triaxial test
Authors:Wang, Shiji (1); Chen, Zhenghan (3); Li, Xian (1); Peng, Zhen (1); Yuan, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London W7 2AZ, United Kingdom; (3) Department of Architectural Engineering, Logistical Engineering University of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400041, China
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(shjwang@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:150-154
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to assess the influence of pore-damage on the strength, the deformation and the stability of soils, five samples, including four samples with pore-damage and one damage-free sample, were analysed using CT(Computed Tomography)-triaxial testing apparatus under the controlled constant confining pressure and suction. The evolution of pore-damage and the mechanical properties of the samples were studied in this paper. Results showed that the volume of sample and the area of the pore reduced during testing. The shear strengths of the pore-damaged samples were improved 25 per cent under the condition of favorable moisture when the diameter of damage pore was 3 mm. The volumetric strains of pore-damaged samples were less than that of the damage-free sample. The shear strengths of the samples were identical when the areas of the damaged pores were similar. However, the volumetric strains were different even though the areas of the damaged pores were the same.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Computerized tomography
Controlled terms:Pore structure - Shear strength - Soil testing - Soils - Strain
Uncontrolled terms:Confining pressures - CT (computed tomography) - CT-triaxial test - Damage-free - Evolution - Remolded soils - Triaxial testing - Volumetric strain
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 801 Chemistry - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20121915007961
Title:Design of narrow-wild rice transplanting mechanism with external helical gear transmission
Authors:Zhang, Yunhui (1); Chi, Lijun (2); Zhao, Yun (1); Xu, Hongguang (1); Zhu, Yiyuan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Science and Technology University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (2) Jian Sanjiang Sub-Bureau for Heilongjiang General Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation, Jia Musi 156300, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, Y.(zhaoyun@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:8-13
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the agronomic demand of narrow-wild rice planting, a kind of inclined narrow-wild rice transplanting mechanism was designed to transplant rice in narrow-wild rows. A helical gear transmisson mechanism with intersecting axles was employed. In addition, it came true without changing rice seeding raising process and raising tray. But there were several problems when the rice transplanting mechanism picked rice seeding, in order to solve the problems, an innovative planting arm that picked the rice seeding vertically was proposed. The mechanism analysis of transplanting mechanism and theoretical analysis for changing planting arm by matrix method were also conducted. As a result, parameters of narrow-wild rice transplanting mechanism composed by helical gear transmission with intersecting axles were calculated: The optimum slant angle (γ) was 9.89°, the regulating angle (δ<inf>1</inf>) of planting arm was 6.79°, and angle (δ<inf>2</inf>=γ) between seedling-needling plane and horizontal plane was 9.89°. At last, the correctness and feasibility of this design were verified by adopting virtual testing.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Axles - Design - Gear teeth - Gears - Helical gears - Models - Power transmission
Uncontrolled terms:Gear transmissions - Horizontal planes - Matrix methods - Mechanism analysis - Rice seeding planting arm - Vertically-picking - Virtual testing - Wild and narrow rows
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 682.1.1 Railroad Cars - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20121915007973
Title:Research progress of real-time measurement of soil attributes for precision agriculture
Authors:He, Dongjian (1); Yang, Chenghai (2); Yang, Qing (1); Lan, Yubin (3); Yang, Fuzeng (1); Zhao, Youliang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Weslaco, Texas 78596, United States; (3) U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, Texas 77845, United States; (4) Yangling International Academy of Modern Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:He, D.(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:78-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to develop a real-time analyzer for soil attributes, the needs for real-time measurement of soil attributes were analyzed and major soil attributes to be measured in soil testing and commonly-used testing methods were reviewed, including traditional chemical analysis, methods based on electro-optical dispersion and electrochemical sensors, and indirect measurement of soil electrical conductivity. Emphasis was given to the review of the basic principles, laboratory studies, prototype development, and field experiments of near-infrared spectroscopic. The described methods and prototype instruments and the proposed scientific problems to be solved in this paper will be useful and provide important guidance for research and development of real-time analyzers for soil attributes.
Number of references:59
Main heading:Research
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Electric conductivity - Equipment - Soil testing - Soils - Testing - Time measurement
Uncontrolled terms:Basic principles - Electro-optical - Field experiment - Indirect measurements - Laboratory studies - Near Infrared - Precision Agriculture - Prototype development - Prototype instrument - Real time measurements - Real-time analyzers - Research and development - Research progress - Soil electrical conductivity - Testing method
Classification code:943.3 Special Purpose Instruments - 901.3 Engineering Research - 901 Engineering Profession - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20121915007998
Title:Comparative study on intensive use of rural residential land based on principal component analysis and entropy method
Authors:Zhao, Li (1); Zhu, Yongming (1); Fu, Meichen (2); Zhang, Pengtao (1); Cao, Yingui (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Land and Resources, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; (2) Department of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, L.(zhaoli1606@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:235-242
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The choice of evaluation method of intensive land use determines the accuracy of evaluation results directly. Taking Shijiazhuang city as a case, this paper established the evaluation index system from four aspects-land use degree, land input intensity, output effect and sustainability, and then used principal component analysis (PCA) and entropy method to evaluate the use intensity of rural residential land in the year of 1999, 2005 and 2008. Finally, based on the above analysis, the two evaluation methods were compared. The results showed that: 1) The difference of intensity level of rural residential land derived from the two methods was almost within ±1, only the level difference of individual counties (cities) was within ±2.2) The change rate of intensity, from 1999 to 2005, from 2005 to 2008 and from 1999 to 2008, showed the same trend by the two methods. The change rate of intensity calculated by entropy method was significantly higher than that calculated by PCA. 3) The spatial distributions of the intensity divided from the two methods presented a certain consistency, but also showed some differences simultaneously. The difference of evaluation results between the two methods were due to the difference of weight, the treatment difference of the results, the differences of the methods, theories and data standardization. Suggestions were proposed that if one or more time periods are involved in the intensity evaluation of rural residential land use, entropy method is more suitable, if it needs to evaluate the intensity of a given year, PCA method may be the better one.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Entropy
Controlled terms:Land use - Principal component analysis - Rural areas
Uncontrolled terms:Comparative studies - Data standardization - Entropy methods - Evaluation index system - Evaluation Method - Evaluation results - Intensity levels - Level difference - PCA method - Shijiazhuang City - Time-periods
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20121915007991
Title:Experimental study on control model of centrifugal pump variable-pressure water supply system
Authors:Tang, Yue (1); Zhang, Xinpeng (1); Huang, Zhipan (1); Cheng, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(zhang_xinpeng@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:189-193
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Variable-pressure water supply is considered to be a good operation mode to save energy. But lacking enough study on the control model results in pressure fluctuation at user side, which will restrict variable-pressure water supply for application and popularization. To improve the control quality, a step response experiment rig of water-supply system was set up based on virtual instrument and frequency converter. A LabVIEW test program was compiled to carry out the step response experiment at different openings of valve. And then process models were constructed with system identification toolbox of Matlab according to experiment data. Contrasting the theoretical and experimental models, variations among different processes were analyzed from vertical and horizontal aspects. The results showed that the variable-pressure operation had a similar variation trend in structure and parameters, and it also had more obvious inertia, time varying and hysteretic nature. So the transient state performance of the variable-pressure water supply system should be considered for design of variable-parameter controller with PID.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Control - Experiments - Identification (control systems) - MATLAB - Models - Step response - Water supply - Water supply systems
Uncontrolled terms:Control model - Control quality - Experiment data - Experimental models - Experimental studies - LabViEW - Operation mode - Pressure fluctuation - Process model - Save energy - Step response experiment - Test program - Time varying - Transient state performance - Virtual instrument
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 732 Control Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 618.2 Pumps - 446.1 Water Supply Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20121915007968
Title:Dynamics modeling of slipping collision of robot and impact response under different stiffness
Authors:Wang, Binrui (1); Yan, Dongming (1); Fang, Shuiguang (1); Jin, Yinglian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang 110016, China
Corresponding author:Wang, B.(wangbrpaper@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:51-56
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to ascertain the affect of stiffness on slipping collision of flexible arm, the kinematics model was established by hybrid coordinate method, and flexible deformation was decoupled by using the assumed modes. Contact-impact model was established by using the Hertz impact theory and nonlinear spring-damper theory, collision dynamics of flexible arm was derived through Lagrange equations. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical solution algorithm with variable step-size and precision was designed for solving dynamical equation. Simulation of the impact responses of flexible arm collision under different stiffness were completed, and curves of contact force, joint angle, angle velocity and elastic deformation were given. Based on comparative analysis, with bending stiffness increasing, contact force enlarged and the phase of peak force advanced, the flexible arm joint angle turned smaller, vibration of elastic deformation and angular velocity became lower. Material structural damping had obvious inhibition on the elastic deformation vibration. The model and solving algorithm of this paper are proved effective.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Stiffness
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Dynamic models - Dynamics - Elastic deformation - Equations of motion - Flexible couplings - Flexible manipulators - Flexible structures - Mathematical models - Robotic arms - Robots - Runge Kutta methods
Uncontrolled terms:Angle velocity - Assumed modes - Bending stiffness - Collision dynamics - Comparative analysis - Contact forces - Contact-impact - Deformation vibrations - Dynamical equation - Dynamics modeling - Flexible arm - Flexible deformation - Fourth-order - Hybrid coordinate - Impact response - Impact theory - Joint angle - Kinematics models - Lagrange equation - Numerical solution - Peak force - Rigid flexible coupling - Runge-Kutta - Solving algorithm - Structural damping - Variable step size
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 818 Rubber and Elastomers - 951 Materials Science - 731.5 Robotics - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20121915007999
Title:Assessing vegetation coverage of desert grassland based on linear spectral mixture model
Authors:Yang, Feng (1); Li, Jianlong (2); Yang, Wenyu (1); Qian, Yurong (3); Yang, Qi (4); Du, Ziqiang (5)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of P. R. China, College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (2) School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (3) College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (4) National Environment Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China; (5) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, China
Corresponding author:Yang, F.(yangfeng1130@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:243-247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Remote sensing offers a scientific, accurate, rapid technique for predicting plant coverage, but a pixel in remote sensing image includes more information, which will affect grassland classification accuracy and the quantitative development of remote sensing techniques. In this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data was used to discuss the key problem of mixed pixel decomposition by using spectral mixture analysis in grassland of the Northern Tianshan Mountains. Four vegetation indexes and fractions derived from spectral mixture analysis, i. e., green vegetation, dune, and saline alkali soil, were calculated and compared with field grassland measures. The results showed that green vegetation had higher correlations with the grass coverage than dune and saline alkali soil. In addition, green vegetation also had higher correlation (R2=0.62) than the ratio vegetation index (RVI), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the soil-Adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and the modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI). The results imply that it is feasible for assessing desert grassland coverage in the Northern Tianshan Mountains by using mixture pixel decomposition based on linear spectral mixture model.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Vegetation
Controlled terms:Image reconstruction - Landforms - Mixtures - Models - Monitoring - Pixels - Remote sensing - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Classification accuracy - Desert grassland - Landsat Thematic Mapper - Linear spectral mixture model - Mixed pixel - Normalized difference vegetation index - Plant coverage - Ratio vegetation indices - Remote sensing images - Remote sensing techniques - Spectral mixture analysis - Tianshan - Vegetation coverage - Vegetation index
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20121915007978
Title:Effect of straw-bentonite-polyacrylamide composites on nitrogen adsorption of sandy soil
Authors:Li, Yingting (1); Liu, Shuangying (1); Zhao, Xiulan (1); Chen, Hong (1); Wang, Dingyong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; (2) Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, X.(zxl@swu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:28
Issue:7
Issue date:April 1, 2012
Publication year:2012
Pages:111-116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve soil adsorption ability and decrease nitrogen loss, soil conditioners composited with cron straw, bentonite and polyacrylamide(PAM) were applied in sandy soil and incubated for 90 d. The effects of incubation time, proportion of PAM and rate of composite soil conditioners on soil nitrogen adsorption characteristics were investigated using isothermal adsorption experiments. The results showed that the quantity of NH<inf>4</inf> -N adsorpted by composite soil increased with incubation time but then decreased, which reached the maximum level at 60 d. The curves of isothermal adsorptions could be well fitted by Langmuir equation models. The maximum amount of NH<inf>4</inf> -N absorption (Q<inf>max</inf>) increased with increasing composite proportion, but the absorption constant (k) decreased, which implied that the soil conditioners could improve the absorption capacity but reduce the strength of NH<inf>4</inf> -N adsorption by soils. Meanwhile, the adsorption amount of NH<inf>4</inf> -N increased then decreased as the proportion of PAM in the soil conditioner increased, with the highest Q<inf>max</inf> value and the lowest k value being observed at the proportion of 0.99% for PAM. The maximum buffer capacity (MBC) for NH<inf>4</inf> -N of soils decreased significantly with the increasing rate of soil conditioners, but remained constant as the proportion of PAM changed. From the present study, it is concluded that straw-bentonite-PAM composite soil conditioner can improve the ability of nitrogen fixation, consequently decrease the loss of nitrogen from soils by increasing the NH<inf>4</inf> -N adsorption capacity of soils. The best proportion of PAM in the composite soil conditioner was 0.99%.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Soil conditioners
Controlled terms:Bentonite - Gas adsorption - Isotherms - Nitrogen fixation - Sand - Soils - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Absorption capacity - Absorption constant - Adsorption ability - Adsorption amounts - Adsorption capacities - Buffer capacity - Composite soils - Incubation time - Isothermal adsorption - K-values - Langmuir equation - Nitrogen adsorption - Nitrogen loss - Polyacrylamides - Polycrylamide - Sandy soils - Soil nitrogen
Classification code:482.2 Minerals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.07.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2012 Elsevier Inc.

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