<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20114214431824
Title:Effect of earthworm bio-bed treatment on properties of cow manure
Authors:Zhao, Haitao (1); Di, Lin (1); Liu, Ping (1); Xu, Yiqun (1); Wang, Xiaozhi (1); Shan, Yuhua (1); Feng, Ke (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Yangzhou Technical Service Center for Agro Environment Safety of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225127, China; (2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Corresponding author:Feng, K.(fengke@yzu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:255-259
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Using earthworms for the treatment of organic solid wastes has more advantages than conventional techniques and aroused extensive attention. In this study, cow manure was treated by earthworm bio-bed, and then changes of physicochemical and biological properties of cow manure before and after the treatment were investigated based on laboratory measurements. The results showed that cow manure after the earthworm bio-bed treatment had advantages of better water and air penetrating properties, easy drying and no order. Both water content and electrical conductivity in cow manure significantly decreased, and pH tended to be neutral. The earthworm bio-bed treatment reduced total nitrogen and organic matter content but elevated ammonium and nitrate content in the manure. Total potassium and total phosphorus, including the fractions of organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus and available phosphorus in treated manure increased while available potassium decreased. Humic acid content had no significant changes. The removal efficiency of Cr, Cd and Cu by the treatment was better than that of Pb, Mn, Zn and Fe. The treatment process enriched microbial flora, increased catalase activity and reduced urease activity in vermicompost. In addition, the carbohydrates in the cow manure gradually decomposed and changed to humic substances, while water-soluble organic silicon compounds were converted into inorganic silicon oxides during the earthworm bio-bed treatment.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms:Ammonium compounds - Biological materials - Carbohydrates - Electric conductivity - Lead - Manganese - Manures - Organic acids - Phosphorus - Potassium  - Silicon compounds - Silicon oxides - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Available phosphorus - Biological properties - Catalase activity - Conventional techniques - Cow manure - Earthworm bio-bed - Electrical conductivity - Humic acid - Humic substances - Inorganic phosphorus  - Laboratory measurements - Microbial flora - Organic matter content - Organic phosphorus - Organic solid wastes - Physicochemical property - Removal efficiencies - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Treatment process  - Urease activity - Vermicomposts
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 546.1 Lead and Alloys - 543.2 Manganese and Alloys - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20114214431781
Title:Accounting of surface soil carbon storage and response to land use change based on GIS
Authors:Chuai, Xiaowei (1); Huang, Xianjin (1); Lai, Li (1); Zhang, Mei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanic Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (2) Land Development and Consolidation Technology Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210093, China; (3) Department of Urban and Resources Science, Jinling College, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Corresponding author:Huang, X.(chuaixiaowei@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:1-6
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Land use change is a main driving factor to the change of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, in order to make a further study about the effects of land use change on SOC, based on the soil sampling data, soil type map and land use map of Jiangsu, this paper analyzed the spatial changes of the surface SOC density from 1985 to 2005 in Jiangsu and the effects of land use change on surface SOC density and SOC storage, the main conclusions are as follows: 1) The spatial changing trend of the surface SOC storage from 1985 to 2005: The changing trend in Huanghuai plain district differed too much from north to south, the Northern Yimusi plain mainly increased, while the lower reaches of Huaihe plain decreased mostly in the South; The changes in coastal beaches and ocean districts were not obvious; There presented greatly differences in Yangtze river delta plain district about SOC changes: districts covered with plain and hill along Yangtze river mainly increased, but in the Maoshanyisu hills and Taihu lake districts it both decreased. 2) The surface SOC density of different land uses all increased from 1985 to 2005, land use changes such as from cropland to woodland and grassland; grassland to woodland and construction land; construction land to cropland, woodland, grassland; wetland, construction land to other land uses can increase SOC storage, while other type of land use changes may lead to carbon emission.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Landforms
Controlled terms:Effluents - Land use - Organic carbon - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon emissions - Changing trends - Construction land - Driving factors - Huang-Huai Plains - Jiangsu province - Land-use change - Soil organic carbon density - Soil organic carbon storage - Soil organic carbon storages  - Soil sampling - Soil types - Spatial changes - Surface soil - Taihu lakes - Yangtze River - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20114214431802
Title:Simulation of cucumber organ above-ground with relation to light and temperature
Authors:Li, Qinglin (1); Mao, Hanping (1); Li, Pingping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Mao, H.(maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:122-127
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The objective of the study was to construct a simulation model with morphological characters on TEP (product of thermal effectiveness and PAR) and logistic equation. An experiment for model establishment was conducted using one cultivar (Qingjin #4) with three repeat. Morphological characteristic parameter of leaf, the lengths and diameters of petiole, internode, fruit and main stem were determined. The model was validated with independent experiment data. The results showed that the simulated values agreed well with the measured ones: 1) The determined coefficient (R²) and root mean squared error(RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of morphological characteristic parameters of leaf (L1, L2, L3) were 0.92, 0.91, 0.95 and 8.5, 6.9, 2.8 mm, respectively; 2) The determined coefficient (R²) and root mean squared error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of the length and diameter of petiole was 0.89, 0.93 and 5.6, 0.3 mm respectively; 3) The determined coefficient (R²) and root mean squared error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of the length and diameter of internode were 0.87, 0.91 and 4.5, 0.8 mm respectively; 4) The determined coefficient (R²) and root mean squared error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of the length and diameter of internode was 0.75 and 120 mm respectively; 5) The determined coefficient (R²) and root mean squared error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of the length and diameter of fruit were 0.86, 0.92 and 8.2, 2.4 mm respectively. The results indicate that the presented model has a good performance in predicting the dynamics of each organ of cucumber above-ground in growth process. Based on the model, a visual plant model can be constructed easily.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Experiments - Fruits - Mean square error
Uncontrolled terms:Cucumber - Experiment data - Growth process - Logistic equations - Morphological characteristic - Morphological model - Plant model - Root mean squared errors - Simulation - Simulation model  - Thermal effectiveness
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20114214431814
Title:Characteristics of precipitation in black soil region and response of soil moisture dynamics in Northeast China
Authors:Zou, Wenxiu (1); Han, Xiaozeng (1); Jiang, Heng (1); Yang, Chunbao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Observation Station of Hailun Agroecology System, Northeast Institute of Geograpthy and Agroecology, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Harbin 150081, China; (2) Graduate School of the Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Han, X.(xzhan@neigaehrb.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:196-202
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Water is one of mainly limiting factors influencing agricultural productivity in black soil region of Northeast China which is rain-fed agriculture. In order to improve the sustainable soil water management, Standard precipitation index (SPI) was used to analysis precipitation conditions from 1952 to 2008, and the response of soil moisture to precipitation during 1999 to 2008 were considered based on long-term experiment in National Observation Station of Hailun Agroecology System, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Mean annual precipitation of 540 mm was observed in study site, with standard deviation of 121 mm and 473 mm occurring in growing season which accounted for 87.6% of mean annual precipitation. Seven dry/wet states were distinguished based on SPI(standard precipitation index), they are extremely dry state, severely dry state, moderately dry state, normal state, moderately wet state, very wet state and extremely wet state. Extremely dry state had a increasing trend during recent decade (1999-2008). Soil moisture at the end of growing season was increased remarkably in moderately wet year (2003, SPI=1.5), whereas, was in low level (512.2 mm) in extremely dry year (2004, SPI=-2.6), variation in annual precipitation also impacted the characteristics of soil water supply. More water stored in soil profile was consumed when chemical fertilizer and organic matter were applied, compared with no fertilizer. Therefore, there is great significance for the sustainable development of agricultural production to regulate the soil water according to the precipitation conditions.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Rain
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Fertilizers - Moisture determination - Productivity - Soil moisture - Standards - Stream flow - Water management - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Agricultural productivity - Agroecology - Annual precipitation - Black soil - Chemical fertilizers - Chinese Academy of Sciences - Dry state - End of growing seasons - Growing season  - Limiting factors - Long-term experiments - Low level - Mean annual precipitation - Normal state - Northeast China - Region of northeast chinas - Soil moisture dynamics - Soil profiles - Soil water  - Standard deviation - Study sites
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 913.1 Production Engineering - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 446 Waterworks - 444 Water Resources - 443.3 Precipitation
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20114214431833
Title:Models of vegetation and soil coupling coordinative degree in grain for green project in depressions between karst hills
Authors:Peng, Wanxia (1); Song, Tongqing (1); Zeng, Fuping (1); Wang, Kelin (1); Du, Hu (1); Lu, Shiyang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Changsha 410125, China; (2) Huanjiang Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Huanjiang 547100, China; (3) Graduate University of the Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Song, T.(songtongq@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:305-310
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Coupling coordinative relationship of vegetation and soil is the key for ecological restoration and for implementing grain for green project. Based on the investigation and analysis of vegetation and soil in seven grain for green patterns in depressions between karst hills, a two-level target system of nine vegetation factors and fifteen soil factors was conducted, and the weight of factors was determined by step weight analysis and models of vegetation and soil coupling degree and coupling coordinative degree were constructed. The results showed that the relationships of coupling degree and coupling coordinative degree of grain for green patterns were not one-to-one correspondence in the region, and the integrative indexes of vegetation in the patterns didn't quite fit with those of soil. The vegetation effects of Zenia insignis Guimu No.1 Forage pattern and the soil improvement effects of Toona sinensis pattern were best in these patterns. The status of vegetation and soil coupling coordination in the patterns after 5 years' was still not ideal, as except for patterns of Toona sinensis and deserting cultivation were in the stage of middle level coordinative development, and other patterns were in the stages of deterioration caused by disorders or overdevelopment. Only the models of vegetation and soil coupling coordinative degree for patterns of Guimu No.1 Forage and deserting cultivation were in synchronization. Therefore, improvement of vegetation growth and soil management should be done during the application of grain for green project in depressions between karst hills.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Agronomy - Grain growth - Landforms - Soils - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Coupling degree - Depressions between karst hills - Ecological restoration - Soil factors - Soil improvement - Soil management - Target systems - Toona Sinensis - Vegetation effects - Vegetation growth  - Weight analysis
Classification code:481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 933.1.2 Crystal Growth
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.053
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20114214431796
Title:Impact of reactive power in wind farm on grid stability
Authors:Piao, Zailin (1); Zhao, Liye (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electric Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (2) Dalian Power Supply Company, Dalian 116000, China
Corresponding author:Piao, Z.(piaozl@china.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:81-85
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In recent years, the development and utilization of renewable energy has been paid more and more attentions. Wind power is becoming the cheapest and most promising green energy. With the development of wind power technology, the proportion of wind power to the traditional energy becomes larger and larger gradually. As for the limitation of geographical location in wind farm establishment, most of the wind power farm plants are built on the end of the power system, wind power has great impacts on voltage quality of the grid in the actual wind farm. By analyzing the causes of reactive power loss in the internal wind farm, on the assumption that ensuring the operating stability of the wind farm system, a wind turbine was used for generating reactive power to compensate for the voltage fluctuations of the gird system caused by reactive power through specific calculating, so as to meet the requirements of the network operating system stability. The results show that the method is feasible.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Wind power
Controlled terms:Alternative fuels - Electric utilities - Energy policy - Farms - Reactive power - System stability
Uncontrolled terms:Geographical locations - Green energy - Grid stability - Network operating system - Operating stability - Reactive power compensation - Reactive power loss - Reactive power losses - Renewable energies - Voltage fluctuation  - Voltage fluctuations - Voltage quality - Wind farm - Wind farm system - Wind power technology
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 706 Electric Transmission and Distribution - 615.8 Wind Power (Before 1993, use code 611 ) - 525.6 Energy Policy - 524 Solid Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20114214431827
Title:Preparation and corrosion behavior of homogeneous blends of biomass fuel/diesel
Authors:Xu, Yufu (1); Zhou, Lili (1); Hu, Xianguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Corresponding author:Hu, X.(tribohu@gmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:271-275
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Bio-oil produced by medium temperature fast pyrolysis has disadvantages of high acid, high oxygen content and low heating value and can be used as fuel after some modification process. In terms of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) principle, bio-oil was emulsified with number zero diesel fuel to reduce the acid value and improve its performance. SEM, EDS and other analytical techniques were used to analyze the corroded metal surface after four general metals (pure copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and lead) were corroded at 25&deg;C and 50&deg;C respectively. The results showed that the corrosion degree of metals caused by emulsification biological oil was in sequence of aluminum alloy&gt; lead&gt; pure copper&gt; stainless steel. Moreover, the higher temperature, the more serious corrosion to metals. The corrosion mechanism was ascribed to generate the metal oxide on the metal surfaces.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Corrosion
Controlled terms:Aluminum - Aluminum alloys - Diesel fuels - Emulsification - Fuels - Metallic compounds - Metals - Pyrolysis - Stainless steel
Uncontrolled terms:Acid value - Analytical techniques - Bio oil - Biological oil - Biomass fuels - Corrosion behavior - Corrosion degree - Corrosion mechanisms - Fast pyrolysis - Higher temperatures  - Homogeneous blends - Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance - Low heating values - Medium temperature - Metal oxides - Metal surfaces - Oxygen content - Pure copper
Classification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 545.3 Steel - 541.2 Aluminum Alloys - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 541.1 Aluminum - 524 Solid Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.047
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20114214431823
Title:Effect of corn stalks addition on odors and leachate reduction during kitchen waste composting
Authors:Zhang, Hongyu (1); Lu, Peng (2); Li, Guoxue (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Yang, Jinbing (1); Zang, Bing (1); Wang, Kun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Beijing Environmental Sanitation Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China
Corresponding author:Li, G.(ligx@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:248-254
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:If kitchen waste is composted alone, it will produce a large number of leachate and odor substances which seriously polluted the environment. In this study, two experiments were conducted, one experiment was that kitchen waste was composted alone, another experiment was that cornstalks as an additive according to the wet weight ration of 1:3 were added to the kitchen waste composting. The maturity indices, leachate and the main odors emission were analyzed in two experiments. The results indicated that compared with no additive, better compost product was obtained on the experiment having additive on the basis of temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, C/N ratio and germination index, and cornstalks as additive could effectively dilution the salinity during kitchen waste composting. Furthermore, although the mean concentration of ammonia increased by 3.3% when cornstalks were added to kitchen waste composting, the mean concentration of dimethyl sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan decreased by 62.3%, 67.9% and 49.6%, respectively. There were 32.6% leachate generated during the kitchen waste composting, and adding cornstalks avoided the leachate generate. Therefore, cornstalks as an additive has a significant role in improving the maturity and controlling the leachate and odor emissions during kitchen waste composting.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Waste treatment
Controlled terms:Composting - Electric conductivity - Experiments - Hydrogen sulfide - Kitchens - Leaching - Odor control - Waste disposal
Uncontrolled terms:C/N ratio - Compost products - Corn stalk - Dimethyl sulfide - Electrical conductivity - Germination index - Kitchen waste - Leachates - Maturity - Maturity indices  - Mean concentrations - Methyl mercaptans - Odor emission - pH value - Wet weight
Classification code:402 Buildings and Towers - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20114214431832
Title:Reclamation of coal mine subsidence area in loess hilly and gully regions
Authors:Wang, Shuaihong (1); Sun, Taisen (1); Zhou, Wei (2); Zhang, Jidong (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; (2) School of Land Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Land Regulation Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100000, China
Corresponding author:Sun, T.(suntaisen@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:299-304
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:This study aimed to investigate the reclamation pattern for mining subsidence area in loess hilly and gully regions according to land damage degree to achieve the goal of ecological restoration, which is of a significance in management and protection of cultivated land. Based on the MSAS software environment, combining with the mining design and observed parameter, we forecasted subsidence damage of first mining area in slope coal mine. The total area affected by mining was up to 16.54 km², which dominated by grassland and cultivated land. In these damaged cultivated areas, there were 3.70 km² of wild damage, 2.41 km² of moderate damage and 0.17 km² of severe damage. Therefore, in terms of the natural landscape pattern in the study area, it was suggested to take the fissure filling and the land leveling reclamation measures in the mild damaged arable land. Additionally, slop will be changed into terrace in accordance with the principle of contiguous focus on damaged cultivated land of 4.63 km² in total. This reclaimed project would increase cultivated land area by 0.40 km² and decrease the soil and water loss by 49000 t/a. It is concluded that the reclamation pattern proposed in the study is an effective and significant way for restoring cultivated land and controlling soil and water loss in mining subsidence area.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Coal reclamation
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Coal - Coal mines - Land use - Subsidence - Wastewater reclamation
Uncontrolled terms:Arable land - Cultivated lands - Damage degrees - Ecological restoration - Land leveling - Loess hilly and gully regions - Mining areas - Mining subsidence areas - Natural landscapes - Pit mining  - Software environments - Soil and water loss - Study areas
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 405 Construction Equipment and Methods; Surveying - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 503.1 Coal Mines - 524 Solid Fuels - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.052
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20114214431792
Title:Analysis of friction heat formed in biomass cold briquetting mold
Authors:Du, Hongguang (1); Dong, Yuping (1); Wang, Hui (1); Guo, Feiqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
Corresponding author:Dong, Y.(dongyp@sdu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:58-62
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reveal the regularity that friction heat formed in biomass cold briquetting can cause temperature change and use this regularity to design biomass molding machine, physical parameters such as average stress and equivalent velocity were defined to establish friction heat analytical model of biomass mould according to the characteristics of biomass cold and heat transfer theory. Numerical simulation experiment on heat friction formed in biomass cold briquetting was conducted. Compared with experiment results, the theoretical model results were reasonable. The temperature change regularity caused by friction heat in biomass cold briquetting was concluded, it was that after running 60 min the internal surface temperature of mold reached softening temperature of lignocellulose, at that temperature the quality of mold was improved. Also after running 240 min temperature of that tended towards stability and final temperature of that was from 115 to 125&deg;C. By adjusting the kinds of raw material, mold material, mold structure, production rate and so on, the operating time to softening temperature of lignocellulose can be reduced and the quality of mold can be improved.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Biomass
Controlled terms:Briquetting - Cellulose - Computer simulation - Experiments - Friction - Lignin - Mathematical models - Molds - Tribology
Uncontrolled terms:Analytical model - Average stress - Heat transfer theory - Internal surfaces - Mold materials - Mold structure - Numerical simulation experiment - Operating time - Physical parameters - Production rates  - Softening temperature - Temperature changes - Temperature field - Theoretical models
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 816.2 Plants and Machinery for Plastics and Other Polymers - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 723.5 Computer Applications - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 524 Solid Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20114214431783
Title:Testing and analysis on rape excursion components characteristics in floating, friction and wettability
Authors:Ma, Zheng (1); Li, Yaoming (1); Xu, Lizhang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) High-Tech. Key Lab. of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(ymli@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:13-17
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to research the floating, friction and wetting characteristics of rape and study how they effect the rape cleaning performance, DFPF-25 floating speed instrument, umt-2 friction and wear tester and cam101 contact angle instrument were used to test the floating speed, multifrequency reciprocation friction factor and contact angle on rape excursion components. The results showed that similar floating speed of three rape excursion components lead to an unobvious effect of wind in the cleaning process; and friction factor changed periodically in multifrequency reciprocation condition and instantaneous friction factor of rape stem exceeded 1.0 while the maximum friction factor of rape husk was 0.2, which indicated that rape stems detached harder from cleaning sieve than rape husks. Rape stems surface were hydrophobic and lipophilic while rape husks surface were hydrophilic and lipophilic, which implied that oily ingredients contributed more to rape excursion than water. Therefore, developing low friction, hydrophobic and oleophobic cleaning sieve is the key of resolving the problem of rape excursion adhesion and jams on the sieve in the cleaning process.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Friction
Controlled terms:Cleaning - Contact angle - Hydrophobicity - Instrument testing - Sieves - Tribology
Uncontrolled terms:Cleaning process - Floating speed - Friction and wear - Friction factors - Low friction - Multi frequency - Rape - Wetting characteristics
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20114214431809
Title:Effects of different adjustment measures on improvement of light-moderate saline soils and crop yield
Authors:Liu, Guangming (1); Yang, Jingsong (1); L&#252;, Zhenzhen (1); Yu, Shipeng (1); He, Lidan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.(jsyang@issas.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:164-169
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Field experiments were carried out for three years to explore effects of different adjustment measures on light-moderate saline soils in North China Plain. The results indicated that in wheat/maize rotation system, straw mulching, structure conditioner, straw mulching binding structure conditioner could reduce topsoil salinity, increase yield and improve economic efficiency. Straw mulching binding structure conditioner showed the optimal effect on increasing yield, and straw mulching showed the suboptimal effect. At the end of this experiment, organic matter content in topsoil by using both of the optimum measures increased by 9.27% or 8.33%, respectively, comparing with local conventional management. Straw mulching promoted the accumulation of soil nutrients, and total N, available N, available K increased significantly under this condition. Considering the comprehensive effect of the soil desalination, crop yield, economic efficiency and soil nutrients, straw mulching binding structure conditioner was the optimal adjustment measure in this study to ameliorate light-moderate saline soils in North China Plain, and straw mulching was suboptimal.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Crops - Desalination - Experiments - Nutrients - Optimization - Salinity measurement - Water filtration
Uncontrolled terms:Adjustment measure - Comprehensive effect - Optimum model - Salinization - Straw mulching
Classification code:445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20114214431837
Title:Spatial and temporal characteristics of land use intensive degrees of coastal areas in Shandong province
Authors:Pang, Ying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Economy and Management, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
Corresponding author:Pang, Y.(beautypang04@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:328-333
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the policy direction of coastal land protection and national food security, the paper built indicator systems of land use intensive degrees under the background of grain production regions, and applied them to Shandong province with 2400 farmers cost data of Shandong province and analytical hierarchy process and factor analysis. Results revealed that the spatial and temporal characteristics from land use intensive degrees were mainly controlled by intensity of pesticides. The growth speed of output efficiency and standard was lagged behind that of the elements. Food security was positive correlated with land use intensive degrees, and the overall performance of Shandong peninsula blue economic zone was superior to other planning areas. The policy direction of the results demonstrated that the central government should further strengthen the investment in major grain producing areas along the coast, develop efficient and low pollutant chemicals, play the role from the coastal economic development and technological progress to agricultural production. And in order to improve the efficiency of the direct subsidy to ensure national food security, land use intensive degree should be increased under the condition of the grain production efficiency growing.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Economics
Controlled terms:Coastal zones - Cost benefit analysis - Cultivation - Efficiency - Food supply - Grain (agricultural product) - Land use
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Analytical Hierarchy Process - Central government - Coastal area - Coastal lands - Cost data - Economic development - Economic zones - Factor analysis - Food security  - Grain production - Growth speed - Indicator system - Intensive degrees - National Foods - Shandong Peninsula - Shandong province - Technological progress - Temporal characteristics
Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 971 Social Sciences - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 404.2 Civil Defense - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.057
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20114214431834
Title:Effects of land consolidation on soil physical and chemical characteristics of hilly region
Authors:Wang, Ailing (1); Zhao, Gengxing (1); Wang, Qingfang (1); Liu, Wenpeng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Bureau of Land and Resource of Laiwu City, Laiwu 271100, China
Corresponding author:Wang, A.(ailingwang@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:311-315
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Taking Lixin Land Consolidation Project of Laiwu City as an example, combining field survey with in-door analysis, effect of land consolidation on soil physical and chemical characteristics of hilly region were studied. The results indicated that effects of land consolidation on soil physical characteristics were highly significant or significant whereas on soil chemical characteristics were not significant yet. Except for soil bulk density increased and soil clay content slightly increased, other soil physical and chemical characteristics' coefficient of variations were decreased and soil physical and chemical characteristics was more uniform after land consolidation. The causes were paying attention to physical measures but ignoring improvement of soil fertility during land consolidation, non-standard construction, the State's relevant standards unspecific. Ensuring soil quality increased, improvement of soil fertility be taken into account and construction be standardized, relevant standards be perfected, and soil physical and chemical characteristics standards be materialized in the future.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Fertilizers - Standards
Uncontrolled terms:Chemical characteristic - Coefficient of variation - Consolidation projects - Field surveys - Hilly region - Land consolidation - Physical and chemical characteristics - Physical characteristics - Soil bulk density - Soil clay content  - Soil fertility - Soil quality
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801 Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 902.2 Codes and Standards
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.054
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20114214431805
Title:RFID-based temperature monitoring system of frozen and chilled tilapia in cold chain logistics
Authors:Wang, Tingman (1); Zhang, Xiaoshuan (1); Chen, Wei (1); Fu, Zetian (2); Peng, Zhaohui (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Beijing Beishui Food Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101108, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, X.(zhxshuan@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:141-146
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the quality-controled cold chain logistics, taken Tilapia as research object, temperature monitoring requirements in cold chain and data transmission process were analyzed. Based on RFID(radio frequency identification technology) with Visual Studio 2005 and SQL server 2005, the monitoring system was designed and developed combined coding technique. The shelf life model was embedded into system to predict the product shelf life after transportation. The test results showed that the system could meet requirements of temperature traceability from government and consumer, and protect the quality and safety of aquatic products.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Monitoring
Controlled terms:Cryptography - Radio frequency identification (RFID)
Uncontrolled terms:Aquatic products - Codes - Coding techniques - Cold chain - Frozen and chilled tilapia - Monitoring system - Product shelf life - Radio frequency identification technology - Research object - Shelf life  - SQL Server 2005 - Temperature monitoring - Test results - Visual studios
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 717 Optical Communication - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20114214431787
Title:Numerical optimum design of portable pneumatic extinguisher
Authors:Xin, Zhe (1); Li, Zhaojing (1); Wang, Shunxi (1); Yun, Feng (1); Luo, Ciguang (1); Huo, Xiaolei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Xin, Z.(xinzhecau@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:33-37
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the efficiency of portable pneumatic extinguisher, the 6MF-30 type extinguisher was test and optimized. The efficiency of the extinguisher was taken as the objective parameter for optimum design and optimal variables combination was got using C programming. A three-dimensional model was constructed based on the objective optimal structural variables and the influence factors of the extinguisher performance were analyzed by using FLUENT of CFD software. The results showed that the total pressure at outlet, the volume flow rate and the efficiency of the optimized extinguisher increased by 8.95%, 5.30% and 11.53% respectively. The method proposed can provide a reference for the design of extinguishers.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Structural optimization
Controlled terms:Computer programming - Design - Efficiency - Pneumatics - Three dimensional
Uncontrolled terms:C programming - CFD softwares - FLUENT - Influence factors - Numeric simulation - Objective parameters - Optimal variables - Optimum designs - Three-dimensional model - Total pressure  - Volume flow rate
Classification code:408 Structural Design - 632.3 Pneumatics - 723.1 Computer Programming - 723.5 Computer Applications - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20114214431839
Title:Continuous scaling method for freshwater fish
Authors:Wang, Jiujiu (1); Zong, Li (1); Xiong, Shanbo (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) Sub Centre (Wuhan) of Natl. Tech. and Research and Development of Staple Freshwater Fish Processing, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Zong, L.(zongli@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:339-343
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To study continuous scaling method for freshwater fish, sliver carp, bream and carp were taken as test objects, and a scaling brush was proposed which used springs as the main scaling structure. Then the influence of three factors on scaling ratio and body injury of freshwater fish was studied by using a scaling test equipment made by authors, including spring external diameter, brush rotating speed, brush diameter. It showed that spring external diameter and brush diameter had a significant influence on scaling ratio and had no significant influence on fish body injury. However, the brush rotating speed had significant influence both on scaling ratio and fish body injury of freshwater fish. Different fishes needed different spring external diameter, brush diameter and brush rotating speed while be scaled. Then the optimal combination of the key factors were determined by the test, which were spring external diameter 21 mm, brush rotating speed 1120 r/min and brush diameter 90 mm. This study can provide reference for the design of continuous scaling equipment for freshwater fish.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Springs (water)
Controlled terms:Brushes - Fish - Rotating machinery - Rotation - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Continuous scaling - Freshwater fishes - Key factors - Optimal combination - Rotating speed - Scaling method - Scaling ratio - Scaling structure - Spring - Test equipments  - Test object
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 822 Food Technology - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 444 Water Resources - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 461 Bioengineering and Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.059
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20114214431782
Title:Kinematics modeling and characteristic analysis of multi-linkage transplanting mechanism of pot seeding transplanter with zero speed
Authors:Chen, Jianneng (1); Wang, Bohong (1); Zhang, Xiang (2); Ren, Genyong (1); Zhao, Xiong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci.-Tech. University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
Corresponding author:Chen, J.(jiannengchen@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:7-12
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To analyze the working performance of the zero-speed multi-linkage transplanting mechanism of pot seeding transplanter which was proposed by this paper, the equations of displacement, velocity and acceleration of the zero-speed multi-linkage pot seeding transplanting mechanism were established. Also a computer-aided analytical and simulative program of this mechanism were compiled based on Visual Basic 6.0. And the influences over the kinematic characteristics of this mechanism by some important parameters were analyzed by this program. The length of the crank of the crank-rocker mechanism had significant influence not only over the trajectory shape of the transplanting tip and the size of the transplanting hole, but also over the verticality of the crop after being transplanted. The length of the linkage had influence over the trajectory height of the transplanting tip, while it had little influence over the size of the transplanting hole and the verticality of the crop after being transplanted. The length of the rocker and the included angle between two linkages had little influence over the trajectory shape of the transplanting tip and the size of the transplanting hole, and had significant influence over the verticality of the crop after being transplanted. A group of preferable mechanical parameters were obtained by this program, whose corresponding trajectory and posture could meet the demands of vegetable transplanting. The horizontal velocity is 0.03 m/s, so the transplanting with zero-velocity can be achieved.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Crops - Kinematics - Mechanisms - Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristic analysis - Crank-rocker mechanism - Horizontal velocity - Kinematic characteristics - Kinematics modeling - Mechanical parameters - Parameter analysis - Pot seeding transplanter - Visual Basic 6.0 - Zero speed
Classification code:404.1 Military Engineering - 601.3 Mechanisms - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20114214431788
Title:Performance analysis on deep-well centrifugal pump guide vanes based on numerical simulation
Authors:Zhou, Ling (1); Shi, Weidong (1); Lu, Weigang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, L.(zhouling6617@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:38-42
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the performance of deep-well centrifugal pumps, a three dimensional surface type guide vane and a cylindrical guide vane were designed. The two-stage deep-well centrifugal pump equipping with different guide vanes were simulated in FLUENT 6.2 code based on the standard k-&Epsilon; turbulence model. The pump performance and the static pressure distribution in the guide vanes were analyzed and compared. The results indicated that the three-dimensional surface type guide vane had smaller hydraulic loss and higher pressure conversion capacity. Meanwhile, the pump efficiency and single-stage head of the three-dimensional surface type guide vane was higher than that of the traditional cylindrical guide vane at the same operating conditions. This work confirms the feasibility of predict the pump performance by numerical simulation, and provides the reference for the improvement of the guide vane performance.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Hydraulic machinery - Pressure distribution - Pumping plants - Static analysis - Three dimensional - Turbulence models
Uncontrolled terms:Guide vane - Hydraulic loss - Operating condition - Performance analysis - Pump efficiency - Pump performance - Single stage - Static pressure distributions - Three-dimensional surface - Two stage
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723.1 Computer Programming - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 618.2 Pumps - 446 Waterworks - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20114214431808
Title:Soil dielectric characteristic determination based on microwave interferometry theory
Authors:Ma, Hongzhang (1); Liu, Qinhuo (2); Wang, Heshun (2); Xiao, Qing (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266555, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Ma, H.(mahongzhang0448@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:159-163
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The measurement of the soil dielectric properties is very important for researching the soil character and soil moisture. In the ground test of microwave remote sensing, the measurement of soil dielectric properties is the indispensable part. The soil microwave radiation interference data of different soil moisture content was measured successfully by using C band microwave radiometer. On the basis of interference principle analysis, a calculation method of soil dielectric constant was proposed by using the soil microwave radiation interference data. The soil dielectric constant accounted by means of interference method was very similar to the result computed by DOBSON model. In the process of the soil microwave radiation field trials, the interference measuring method can be taken as an optional method to measure the soil dielectric constant.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Dielectric properties - Geologic models - Interferometry - Microwave devices - Microwaves - Moisture determination - Remote sensing - Soil moisture - Soil testing
Uncontrolled terms:C-bands - Calculation methods - Dielectric characteristics - DOBSON model - Ground tests - Interference methods - Measuring method - Microwave radiations - Microwave radiometers - Microwave remote sensing  - Principle analysis - Soil dielectric constant - Soil dielectric properties
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 731.1 Control Systems - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20114214431820
Title:Effects of embedment depth and section shape on frost heaving of buried structures
Authors:Xing, Shuang (1); Teruyuki, Suzuki (2); Li, Yuebing (1); Hao, Dongxue (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Architectural and Civil Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin 132012, China; (2) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan
Corresponding author:Xing, S.(xingshuang1982@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:231-235
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to evaluate the effects of embedment depth and cross-section shape of buried structures on its frost heaving damage, frost heaving test of one freezing-thawing cycle was conducted at outdoor test site, where cylinders and cuboids with different shapes and dimensions made by extruded polystyrene insulation board were used to simulate buried structures. Air temperature, soil temperature, freezing depth and frost heaving displacements of the buried structures were monitored in test. By analyzing and comparing the test data, it was concluded that in a freezing-thawing cycle, frost heaving displacement of structures buried in certain depth range above maximum frozen depth increased rapidly with embedment depth, and it tended to stable when embedment depth increased to a certain value. The mean relative difference of frost heaving displacements of cylinders and cuboids with the same embedment depth is 10%, in consideration of the accident factors in the test, there was no obvious relationship between the frost heaving displacement and section shape of the structure.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Frost effects
Controlled terms:Cylinders (shapes) - Freezing - Frost protection - Frozen soils - Polystyrenes - Testing - Thawing
Uncontrolled terms:Accident factors - Air temperature - Buried structure - Depth range - Embedment depth - Extruded polystyrenes - Freezing thawing cycles - Frost heaving - Insulation board - Section shape  - Soil temperature - Test data - Test site
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20114214431786
Title:Design of 1JHSX-34 straw crusher for whole-feeding combine harvesters
Authors:Chen, Liqing (1); Wang, Li (1); Zhang, Jiaqi (1); Zhang, Jianmei (2); He, Chaobo (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (2) Agriculture Mechanical Technology Promotion Center of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, China
Corresponding author:Wang, L.(wanglily@ahau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:28-32
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Supporting equipments for the whole-feeding combine harvester of straw crusher were lack. 1JHSX-34 straw crusher for whole-feeding combine harvesters was designed in this paper, and structure and working principle of the1JHSX-34 straw crusher were introduced. Shaft speed, blade parameters and drive system were analyzed in detail. Three different lodging rate of wheat field (90%, 50%, 0) test showed that stalk crushing average qualified rate of less than 50 mm length respectively were 91.3%, 92.9% and 94.4%. The results show that straw crusher performance is good.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Harvesters
Controlled terms:Crushers - Feeding
Uncontrolled terms:Combine harvesters - Double-shaft - Drive systems - Finite Element - Shaft speed - Wheat fields - Working principles
Classification code:691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20114214431841
Title:Effect of extrusion parameters on production process and expansion ratio of reformed rice
Authors:Zhuang, Haining (1); Feng, Tao (2); Jin, Zhengyu (1); Xie, Zhengjun (1); Xu, Xueming (1); Gao, Ming (1); Bai, Yuxiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (2) School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
Corresponding author:Jin, Z.(jinlab2008@yahoo.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:349-356
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effects of screw speed, feed rate, feed moisture content, and terminal barrel temperature on several system parameters (product temperature, die pressure, motor torque, specific mechanical energy and product moisture content) and physical properties (expansion ratio) of the reformed rice made by hybrid indica rice (type 9718). Second-order polynomials were used to model the extruder responses as a function of process variables. Die pressure, specific mechanical energy and expansion ratio were affected by all four process variables, while product moisture content was only influenced by feed moisture content. Product temperature was affected by all variables except for feed rate, and motor torque was affected by all variables except for terminal barrel temperature. Specific mechanical energy increased with screw speed increment, while feed moisture and terminal barrel temperature reduced with feed rate increment. The high correlation between the models and the measured data showed that the calculated second-order polynomials were sufficiently accurate and valuable tools in interpreting the multi-variable field of extrusion cooking of reformed rice.
Number of references:38
Main heading:Expansion
Controlled terms:Dies - Extrusion - Mechanical properties - Moisture - Moisture determination - Pressure effects - Screws - Surface properties
Uncontrolled terms:Barrel temperature - Die pressure - Expansion ratio - Extrusion parameter - Feed-rates - Indica rice - Measured data - Motor torque - Process Variables - Product moisture content  - Production process - Reformed rice - Response Surface Methodology - Screw speed - Second-order polynomial - Specific mechanical energy - System parameters
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 931.1 Mechanics - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 603.2 Machine Tool Accessories - 535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.061
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20114214431811
Title:Variation characteristics of rice water requirement in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River during 1961-2007
Authors:Li, Yong (1); Yang, Xiaoguang (1); Ye, Qing (1); Huang, Wanhua (4)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002, China; (3) Forestry Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330043, China; (4) Hunan Meteorological Research Institute, Changsha 410007, China
Corresponding author:Yang, X.(yangxg@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:175-183
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on ground observation data from 91 meteorology stations during 1961-2007 and phenology data of single cropping rice and double cropping rice from 63 agrometeorology experimental stations during 1981-2006 well spread over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation method and some methods recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization, the effective precipitation and rice water requirement were calculated and water use efficiency(WUE) of the supply irrigation(Is) for the double cropping rice and single cropping rice were analyzed. The results indicated that in study area, effective precipitation of the early season rice and single cropping rice were increasing, but the late season rice decreased along with global climate changes in study period. The early season rice, late season rice and single cropping rice water requirement showed a downward trend, and water requirement of single cropping rice and late season rice significant reduced. The supply irrigation water requirement of single cropping rice was less 125 mm than double cropping rice, but water use efficiency of double cropping rice was higher than that of single cropping rice at the study area. So from the perspective of WUE increasing, it is preferable to plant double cropping rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Rivers
Controlled terms:Climate change - Forestry - Irrigation - Precipitation (meteorology) - Soil conservation - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Agrometeorology - Double cropping - Experimental stations - Food and agriculture organizations - Global climate changes - Ground observations - Irrigation water requirements - Study areas - U.s. department of agricultures - Variation characteristics  - Water requirement - Water requirements - Water use efficiency - Well-spread - Yangtze River
Classification code:407.2 Waterways - 443.3 Precipitation - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 451 Air Pollution - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20114214431846
Title:Effects of different storage conditions on quality of dried pepper
Authors:Chen, Zhixin (1); Zhao, Zunlian (1); Zhou, Qian (1); Xu, Meng (2); Guo, Jianwei (1); Zhang, Fei (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Plant Protection Station of Qindu District in Xianyang City, Xianyang 712000, China; (3) College of Life Science, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, Z.(zhaozunl@public.xa.sn.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:381-386
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide quality changing trends and specific values of dried chilli pepper during storage to operators and consumers, understand the main factors affecting dried chilli pepper quality storage, scientific storage, and reduce losses during storage, the chili pepper varieties (lines) "L14" and "Shanjiao 2006" were used as material. The dried chilli pepper has been stored under 3 different storage conditions (i.e. cold with dark, room temperature, and room temperature with dark) for 8 months. The changes of main quality characters were determined regularly during 8 months storage. The results showed that the capsaicin, red pigment, vitamin C and soluble protein content in 2 varieties (lines) decreased with prolonged storage time. However, the soluble sugar content in 2 varieties (lines) was raised along with the storage time. The significant differences of experimental data were analyzed with Duncan Law. The results showed that the effect of temperature on capsaicin, red pigment reach significant at 0.05 level after 150 days. The effect of temperature on vitamin C and soluble sugar reach significant at 0.05 level and 0.01 level respectively after 30 days. The effect of temperature on others was not significant. The effect of light on the content of red pigment and vitamin C reaches significant at 0.01 level after 30 days. The effect of light on others was not significant. Comprehensive consideration of the quality indicators, the cold with dark is the ideal way for dried chilli pepper storage. But from the perspective of the economy, the room temperature with dark is also an ideal way for short-term storage within 150 days.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Storage (materials)
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Sugars - Temperature - Vitamins
Uncontrolled terms:Capsaicin - Changing trends - Chili pepper - Effect of temperature - Experimental data - Quality indicators - Red pigments - Room temperature - Soluble proteins - Soluble sugars  - Specific values - Storage condition - Storage time - Vitamin C
Classification code:641.1 Thermodynamics - 694.4 Storage - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.066
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20114214431813
Title:Measurement of plant leaf physical configuration under water deficit stress using fractal dimension
Authors:Zhao, Yandong (1); Liu, He (1); Liu, Weiping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Liu, H.(liulixian1987@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:191-195
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Three dimensional laser scanning device based on oblique incidence method was used to measure the information of Cucurbita Pepo L. leaf's original physical configuration. Based on these data, fractal dimension was defined as an indicator of leaf's wilting degrees. According to measurements of different leaves' physical configurations (divided into 10 levels), the wilting index defined by fractal dimension and its correlations with soil temperature and illumination intensity were researched. Results showed that under constant field capacity condition, leaf fractal dimension increased monotonously with wilting degrees. Laser scanning was an effective method for obtaining leaf's physical configuration. Leaf fractal dimension had negative correlation with soil temperature and illumination intensity. A multiple linear regression model of fractal dimension with soil temperature and illumination intensity as two variables was established. Thus leaf's wilting degrees defined by fractal dimension can be an efficient indicator of plant's water stress level and can be a valid control variable of water saving system as well.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Fractal dimension
Controlled terms:Biosensors - Geologic models - Laser applications - Linear regression - Partial discharges - Plants (botany) - Soils - Temperature - Three dimensional - Three dimensional computer graphics  - Water conservation - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Control variable - Cucurbita pepo - Field capacity - Illumination intensity - Laser scanning - Laser scanning device - Multiple linear regression models - Negative correlation - Oblique incidence - Plant leaf  - Soil temperature - Under water - Water deficit stress - Water saving - Water stress - Wilting index
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 744.9 Laser Applications - 732 Control Devices - 723.5 Computer Applications - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 461.9 Biology - 444 Water Resources - 641.1 Thermodynamics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20114214431831
Title:Coupling relationship of ecological agro-system with commodity under grain for green project in Ansai County
Authors:Li, Qirui (1); Wang, Jijun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Wang, J.(jjwang@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:293-298
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on changes in the coupling relationship of ecological agro-system of commodities (EASC) under "Grain for Green Project", the coupling evolution of agricultural eco-economic system in Ansai County was analyzed by utilizing the coupling degree model. The results showed that the coupling evolution of EASC could be compartmentalized into 4 phases: coordinated development, worn development, stressed degeneration, and reconversion. The composite evaluation index of agricultural eco-economic system in Ansai County was enhanced significantly from 1998 to 2008. The coupling evolution in Ansai County had experienced the stressed degeneration, reconversion and coordinated development phase. According to coupling degree fitting curves and coupling type classification, the current coupling relationship of EASC in Ansai County was in continual harmonizing situation. In future, positive coupling situation would be formed by optimizing the structure of agricultural resources and enhancing the consistency between agricultural production and resources.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Curve fitting - Ecology
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Agricultural resources - Ansai County - Coupling degree - Coupling evolution - Development phase - Eco-economic - Evaluation index - Fitting curves
Classification code:454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.051
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20114214431793
Title:Estimation of near surface air temperature from MODIS data in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors:Xu, Yongming (1); Qin, Zhihao (2); Shen, Yan (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Remote Sensing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (2) International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (3) National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Y.(xym30@263.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:63-68
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Near surface air temperature is an important meteorological parameter and is closely related to agriculture production. Comparing with the traditional meteorological observation, satellite remote sensing provides a straightforward and consistent way to obtain air temperature over regional and global scales with more spatially detailed information. In this paper, the temperature-vegetation index method was used to retrieve the air temperature throughout 2005 in the Yangtze River Delta by MODIS land surface temperature and NDVI data. The retrieved air temperatures were validated by the meteorological observed air temperatures. The estimating error was about 2.39&deg;C with the normal temperature-vegetation index method, but only 72.23% of the samples could be used by this method. After some additional rules were made to broaden the applied range of temperature-vegetation index method, the percentage of valid estimates increased to 80.15% and the estimating error slightly rose to 2.44&deg;C. Further more, the characters and variations of retrieval error were also analyzed. Results show that the retrieval accuracy of temperature-vegetation index method is significantly influenced by the vegetation coverage and land surface heterogeneity in temperature-vegetation index context windows. Estimation errors in high vegetation covered areas are obviously lower than in other areas. The improved temperature-vegetation index method shows good applicability and accuracy in cropland areas during crop growing seasons, which can provide a new approach for acquisition of air temperature of cropland in large-scale.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Atmospheric temperature
Controlled terms:Atmospherics - Cultivation - Estimation - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Rivers - Surface measurement - Surface properties - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Context window - Estimation errors - Global scale - Growing season - Land surface - Land surface temperature - Meteorological observation - Meteorological parameters - MODIS  - NDVI data - Near surface air temperature - Retrieval accuracy - Retrieval errors - Satellite remote sensing - TVX method - Vegetation coverage - Yangtze river delta
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 921 Mathematics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 731.1 Control Systems - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 407.2 Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20114214431785
Title:Chaos detection of grain impact at combine cleaning loss sensor
Authors:Gao, Jianmin (1); Zhang, Gang (1); Yu, Lu (1); Li, Yangbo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Gao, J.(jmgao@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:22-27
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A novel detecting method of grain impacting combine cleaning loss sensor was suggested. The simulation model of grain impacting force-sensitive components was established in LS-DYNA platform. The displacement signal of grain impacting force-sensitive component at a speed of 3 m/s was acquired by simulation. Both Duffing oscillator detection and Coupled Duffing Oscillators detecting system were built to detect weak grain impact signal. The power spectral density of white noise by cycle image method was detected and the critical power spectral density of the two detecting systems was got. The signal to noise ratios of the two systems were detected while adding the weak grain impact signal and white noise. Single grain impact signal could be detected by the Coupled Duffing Oscillators detecting system directly and quickly. It was found that Duffing oscillator detecting system have great advantages in detecting weak grain impact signal under strong noise background. The research has a potential applying prospect in combine cleaning loss detection.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Signal detection
Controlled terms:Cleaning - Computer simulation - Oscillators (mechanical) - Power spectral density - Sensors - Signal to noise ratio - Spectral density - White noise
Uncontrolled terms:Applying prospect - Chaos detection - Coupled duffing oscillators - Critical power - Detecting methods - Detecting systems - Displacement signals - Duffing oscillator - Image method - Impact signals  - Loss detection - LS-DYNA - Simulation model - Single grains
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801 Chemistry - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 723.5 Computer Applications - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20114214431829
Title:Optimizing steam explosion pretreatment conditions of corn stalk by response surface methodology
Authors:Ren, Tianbao (1); Ma, Xiaoqin (1); Xu, Guizhuan (2); Song, Andong (2); Zhang, Bailiang (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, B.(hauzblo@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:282-286
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the research fields of lignocellulosic materials, their high-concentration reducing sugars production is an important foundation for their energy conversion. Based on Box-Behnken design, maintenance pressure time, steam pressure and ammonium acid carbonate concentration were chosen as the three important factors with three levels. The process conditions of corn stalk steam explosion pretreatment were optimized by response surface methodology, and a mathematical model of a second order quadratic equation was developed for reducing sugar concentration. The results showed that the optimized technological parameters were as follows: maintenance pressure time 227 s, steam pressure 3.08 MPa, ammonium acid carbonate concentration2.11%. Corn stalk steam explosion pretreatment was saccharified under these conditions for 48h, its reducing sugar concentration was up to 60.04 g/L, and saccharification rate reached 83.7% of its theoretical value(71.7 g/L). The results verified the validity of the mathematical model. This study demonstrates that steam explosion pretreatment can significantly improve reducing sugar concentration.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Steam
Controlled terms:Ammonium compounds - Concentration (process) - Energy conversion - Explosions - Explosives - Maintenance - Mathematical models - Optimization - Saccharification - Sugars  - Surface properties - Surfaces
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium acid carbonate - Box-Behnken design - Corn stalk - Lignocellulosic material - Pre-Treatment - Pressure time - Pretreatment conditions - Process condition - Quadratic equations - Reducing sugars  - Research fields - Response Surface Methodology - Second orders - Steam explosion - Steam pressures - Technological parameters - Theoretical values
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 913.5 Maintenance - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 614 Steam Power Plants - 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.049
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20114214431847
Title:Ultrasound-assisted extraction of insoluble dietary fiber from soybean and its physical properties
Authors:Pan, Lihua (1); Xu, Xueling (2); Luo, Jianping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (2) Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Pan, L.(llihuapan@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:387-392
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction on extraction rate and physical characteristics of water insoluble dietary fibers (IDF) were studied. Based on the single factor experiments: the ratio of water to dry soybean dregs powder, ultrasonic power intensity, ultrasonic temperature and extraction time, the four-factor second order rotation combination experimental design was applied to optimize the parameters for IDF of ultrasound-assisted extraction. The physical characteristics of the IDF obtained by technology of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were examined by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis approaches, including water-holding, extension, water-binding, fat-binding capacities, SEM, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and TG, and compared with acid dissolution and alkali precipitatiom (ADAP) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE). The results indicated that the highest yield of 92.11% was reached under the conditions which the ratio of water to dry soybean dregs power was 35 mL/g, ultrasonic power intensity 600 W/g, ultrasonic temperature 50&deg;C and extraction time 50 min. The IDF obtained by UAE had higher water-holding, extension, water-binding and fat-binding capacities, and much abundant reticular structure than those obtained by ADAP and EAE. The analytic data of FT-IR and TG indicated that ultrasound treatment could raise the free hydroxyl groups, but did not change its pyrolysis mechanism. In conclusion, UAE not only increased the extraction rate of IDF, but also improved physical characteristics.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Ultrasonics
Controlled terms:Chemical analysis - Design of experiments - Dissolution - Fourier transforms - Physical properties - Pyrolysis
Uncontrolled terms:Acid dissolution - Dietary fibers - Extraction rate - Extraction time - Fourier transform infrared - Free hydroxyl groups - Insoluble dietary fibers - Instrumental analysis - Physical characteristics - Pyrolysis mechanism  - Second orders - Soybean dregs - Structure characterization - Ultrasonic power - Ultrasound treatments - Ultrasound-assisted extraction - Water binding
Classification code:921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 901.3 Engineering Research - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801 Chemistry - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 802.2 Chemical Reactions
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.067
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20114214431791
Title:Correlation degree analysis and gray clustering evaluation on performance indices of wheat no-tillage planter
Authors:Zhao, Liqin (1); Guo, Yuming (2); Zhang, Peizeng (3); Han, Zhanxing (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Technology Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering and Antomatization, North University of China, Shanxi Taiyuan 030051, China; (2) College of Engineering and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Taigu, 030801, China; (3) Shanxi Bureau of Agricultural Machinery, Shanxi Taiyuan, 030002, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, L.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:54-57
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:No-tillage planting is one of the most important assignments of the conservation tillage technology. In order to select suitable soil-surface conditions for implementing the conservation tillage technology in north China, the planting experiment on field using the 2BMF-9 wheat no-tillage planter were carried out on eight kinds of surface treatments, then various performance indices, emergence of seeding rate and tiller number were obtained on each surface treatment. The grey correlation analysis showed that the seeding uniformity, covering soil ability and passing ability had greatly influenced on the emergence of seeding rate and tiller number. Eight kinds of surface treatments were categorized with the principle of gray clustering evaluation, the results indicated that the no-tillage planter could directly sow on the plots that straw mulching quantity were between 3000 and 3750 kg/hm², and stubble height below 25 cm, if stubble were smashed, sowing quality would be better. The plot, that straw mulching quantity were around 4500 kg/hm², must be smashed. To reduce the straw coverage, the plot, that straw mulching quantity was more than 5250 kg/hm², should be smashed (such as shallow spining, shallow harrowing and shallow plowing) before planting on surface.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Agricultural machinery
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Correlation methods - Seed - Soil conservation - Surface treatment
Uncontrolled terms:Clustering analysis - Clustering evaluation - Conservation tillage - Correlation degree - Grey correlation analysis - No tillage - No-tillage planter - North China - Passing ability - Performance evaluation index  - Performance indices - Planting experiments - Seeding rate - Straw mulching - Tiller number
Classification code:539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating - 802 Chemical Apparatus and Plants; Unit Operations; Unit Processes - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20114214431838
Title:Design and experiment of automatic knocking device for eggshell crack detection
Authors:Mei, Jinhua (1); Wang, Shiquan (1); Wang, Shucai (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(wsc01@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:334-338
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to meet the requirements of eggshell crack detection for on-line application, an automatic knocking device was designed, which can make an impact on eggshell without any damage and collect the vibration signal from the egg surface through a microphone placed in the center of the automatic knocking device during the exciting time. The structure and working principle of the device, operating parameters and software working flow were introduced in the paper. And the experiment of vibration signal collecting on eggs was carried out. The test results show that the system runs steadily and reacts swiftly, the accuracy ratio of knocking can reach 100%, and the mechanical impact was so moderate that there would not be any new crack on eggshell. It should be highlighted that the microphone can record the real time signals clearly.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Crack detection
Controlled terms:Cracks - Damage detection - Experiments - Microphones - Signal detection
Uncontrolled terms:Detect - Egg - Mechanical impacts - On-line applications - Operating parameters - Real time signal - Sound production - Test results - Vibration signal - Working principles
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 752.1 Acoustic Devices - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.058
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20114214431807
Title:Self-adaptive and precise supplementary lighting system for plant with controllable LED intensity
Authors:Zhang, Haihui (1); Yang, Qing (1); Hu, Jin (1); Fan, Hongpan (1); Dai, Jianguo (1); Zhao, Bin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:Yang, Q.(yangtin@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:153-158
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The artificial light plays an important role in crop growth, and LED as a new light source has broad prospects in the development of supplementary lighting system. According to the deficiency of fixed light intensity and light spectrums, this paper presented a self-adaptive and precise supplementary lighting system with comprehensive consideration of crop characteristics, effective photosynthesis light intensity and environment temperature. The system monitored the environment temperature and light intensity of specific light spectrums, and calculated the amount of supplementary light accurately. Based on two PWM signals, both red and blue light intensity were adjusted to meet different demands of quantitative supplementation of light in different stages and conditions. Experiments were made in actual production. The results showed that the system was stable, reliable and accurate, and could avoid the lacking or excess supplementation of light in different stages of crops.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms:Adaptive control systems - Crops - Light sources - Lighting fixtures
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial light - Controllable light intensity - Crop growth - Environment temperature - LED light source - Light intensity - Light spectrum - Lighting systems - Red and blue light - Self-adaptive  - Supplementary lighting system
Classification code:707.2 Electric Lamps - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20114214431801
Title:Photosynthetically active radiation vertical distribution model in maize canopy
Authors:Liu, Rongyuan (1); Huang, Wenjiang (1); Ren, Huazhong (2); Yang, Guijun (1); Xie, Donghui (2); Wang, Jihua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Corresponding author:Huang, W.(huangwj@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:115-121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:FPAR (fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation) is an important parameter for estimating plants net primary productivity of land ecosystem from remotely sensed data, and is also crucial for calculating canopy APAR (absorbed PAR) and estimating canopy Photosynthesis and the utility rate of luminous energy. Based on the theory of radiation transfer model, this paper modified the Simultaneous Heat and Water model to calculate FPAR vertical distribution in maize canopy and analyzed the relationships between FPAR and some parameters like maize canopy structure, solar zenith, soil reflectance, etc. The validation results using field measurements prove the model to be accurate.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Forestry - Photosynthesis - Remote sensing - Soil surveys - Utility rates
Uncontrolled terms:Field measurement - FPAR - Maize - Maize canopy - Net primary productivity - PAR - Photosynthetically active radiation - Radiation transfer model - Remotely sensed data - Soil reflectance  - Solar zenith - Validation results - Vertical distributions - Water models
Classification code:406.2 Roads and Streets - 481.1 Geology - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 911.1 Cost Accounting
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20114214431822
Title:Characteristics of rural domestic sewage processed with contact oxidation-enhanced coagulation in Chongming island
Authors:Pan, Luting (1); Wang, Wenlei (1); Yu, Bo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Corresponding author:Pan, L.(lutingpan519@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:242-247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In accordance with the characteristics of low carbon source and comparative high nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, contact oxidation-enhanced coagulation combined process was adopted to treat the rural distributed wastewater of Chongming island. Furthermore, the effects and mechanism of this process was studied. The results showed that the effluent quality was COD&lt;50 mg/L, NH<inf>3</inf>-N&lt;5 mg/L, TN&lt;20 mg/L and TP&lt;0.5 mg/L, meeting the first standard of GB18918-2002. The mechanism of pollutants removal depended on kinds of analytical ways. From the results of GC-MS, the biological technology could well treat the alkane, arene and heterocyclic compounds; the removal of TN was attributed to simultaneous nitrification and denitrification indicated by the accumulation of nitrite; dissolved phosphorus could be treated by chemical precipitation while non-orthophosphate by adsorption. Moreover, the combined process exhibited advantages such as small land occupation, low cost, easy maintenance and management. It was suitable for treatment of the domestic sewage in rural areas.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Sewage
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Chemical oxygen demand - Coagulation - Denitrification - Effluents - Landforms - Nitrification - Oxidation - Paraffins - Phosphorus  - Precipitation (chemical) - Rural areas - Sewage treatment - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Biological technology - Chemical precipitation - Combined process - Dissolved phosphorus - Domestic sewage - Effluent quality - GC-MS - Heterocyclic compound - High-nitrogen - Low carbon  - Low costs - Phosphorus concentration - Pollutants removal - Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20114214431794
Title:Remote sensing monitoring of maize planting area at town level
Authors:Guo, Wei (1); Zhao, Chunjiang (2); Gu, Xiaohe (2); Huang, Wenjiang (2); Ma, Zhihong (2); Wang, Huifang (2); Wang, Dacheng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; (3) College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Corresponding author:Gu, X.(guxh@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:69-74
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to extract maize planting acreage rapidly and accurately, taking Changchun city in Jilin province as study area, a multi-layer decision tree classification model was constructed based on multi-temporal HJ-1A/1B CCD images and digital elevation model (DEM), which introduced with multi-information including planting structure, phenological characteristics, terrain feature of the study area, spectral characteristics and vegetation index. The precision of classification results was evaluated by spatial agricultural census data at town level. The results indicated that the method could improve maize identification accuracy, which reached up to 92.57%. The method can meet the demand for large-scale and multi-temporal agricultural monitoring system and resolve the spatiotemporal contradiction effectively in the large-scale crop acreage monitoring system.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Monitoring
Controlled terms:Decision trees - Plant extracts - Population statistics - Remote sensing - Surveying
Uncontrolled terms:Maize - Multi-layers decision tree - Planting area - Spectral characteristics - Town level
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 961 Systems Science - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 731.1 Control Systems - 461.9 Biology - 405.3 Surveying - 922 Statistical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20114214431806
Title:Method of traceability information acquisition and transmission for dairy cattle based on integrating of RFID and WSN
Authors:Pang, Chao (1); He, Dongjian (2); Li, Changyue (1); Huang, Chao (2); Zheng, Lipeng (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:He, D.(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:147-152
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The development of embedded technology and wireless communication technology provide the necessary technical means for dairy cattle breeding. Based on analysis of the current method for dairy information collection and transmission, a new method was proposed which integrating RFID technology with wireless sensor network. The network architecture and communication protocol conversion process were investigated and the method was put into practice to develop the traceability information acquisition and transmission system for dairy cattle. Test results show that based on point to point communication method, the wireless sensor network could work in a range of 35 m with barrier and 75 m with barrier-free to effectively collect dairy information and transmit to the data center. The traceability information system can work real-time, steadily and reliability with package loss rate less than 5%.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Wireless sensor networks
Controlled terms:Communication - Cryptography - Network architecture - Sensors - Wireless telecommunication systems
Uncontrolled terms:Dairy cattle - Information acquisitions - Traceability - Wireless sensor - Zig-Bee
Classification code:716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 732 Control Devices - 801 Chemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20114214431790
Title:Oil film thickness distribution between piston ring and cylinder considering non-circular of cylinder bore
Authors:Wang, Hu (1); Sun, Jun (1); Zhao, Xiaoyong (1); Gui, Changlin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Corresponding author:Wang, H.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:48-53
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of non-circular of cylinder bore on tribological properties of oil film between cylinder and piston ring, a new theory and method to calculate oil film thickness between piston ring and cylinder was presented, considering non-circular of the cylinder bore in firing condition. The deformation of the piston ring was obtained using three moment equations on continuous beam to get the equilibrium of forces on it including gas pressure, ring tension and supporting force from oil film, afterwards, the oil film thickness between piston ring and cylinder was calculated. Results indicated that distribution of the film thickness between piston ring and cylinder along the circumferential direction not only was affected by forces on it, but also had a close relationship with shape and magnitude of cylinder deformation. At top dead moment in suction stroke, the maximum ratios of minimum value, maximum value and mean value of oil film thickness along circumferential direction in four different cylinders reached 1.08, 1.78, 1.37 respectively. Comparing with that between piston ring and ideal round cylinder, mean value of oil film thickness along circumferential direction between piston ring and non-circular cylinder bore was bigger.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Lubricating oils
Controlled terms:Circular cylinders - Deformation - Piston rings
Uncontrolled terms:Circumferential direction - Continuous beams - Cylinder bore - Firing conditions - Gas pressures - Maximum ratio - Maximum values - Mean values - Minimum value - Moment equations  - New theory - Non-circular - Oil film thickness - Oil films - Tribological properties
Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 607.1 Lubricants - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20114214431795
Title:Remote detection of wheat grain protein content using nitrogen nutrition index
Authors:Chen, Pengfei (1); Wang, Jishun (2); Pan, Peng (3); Xu, Yuyue (1); Yao, Ling (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Lab. of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China; (2) Yucheng Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China; (3) School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Corresponding author:Chen, P.(pengfeichen-001@hotmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:75-80
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Early detection of wheat grain protein content using remote sensing technology is very helpful to optimize field management. An agricultural parameter, Nitrogen Nutrition Index (NNI), was introduced in this study. It can be used as an intermediate variable between remote sensing data and grain protein content, which would enhance accuracy of remote detected wheat grain protein content. Field campaign was conducted to obtain remote sensing data and agricultural parameters at flag growth stage of winter wheat. Using these data, the abilities of nitrogen nutrition index and other agricultural parameters for grain protein content prediction were compared. Then, Principal Component Regression method was used to establish grain protein content prediction model based on relationships between remote sensing data and NNI, and between NNI and grain protein content. The results showed NNI was the best agricultural parameter for grain protein content detection, compared with other agricultural parameters. The established prediction model, using NNI and remote sensing data, can detect wheat grain protein content accurately, with a R² value of 0.48, a root-mean-square-error (RMSE) value of 0.38%, and a relative error value of 2.32%.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Mathematical models - Nitrogen - Nutrition - Principal component analysis - Proteins - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Early detection - Field campaign - Field management - Grain protein contents - Growth stages - HyperSpectral - Nitrogen nutrition - Nitrogen nutrition index - Prediction model - Principal component regression  - Relative errors - Remote detection - Remote sensing data - Remote sensing technology - Root mean square errors - Wheat grains - Winter wheat
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 731.1 Control Systems - 461.7 Health Care
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20114214431800
Title:Rice yield estimation based on MODIS EVI and measured data derived from statistical sampling plots at province level
Authors:Peng, Dailiang (1); Zhou, Lianqing (1); Huang, Jingfeng (1); Zhou, Bin (3); Wang, Fumin (4)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Application, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (2) Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100194, China; (3) Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; (4) College of Architectural and Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, L.(LianQing@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:106-114
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Rice yield estimation by remote sensing is very important for making agricultural decisions and food security in China and worldwide. Based on the feasibility analysis of combination of MOD09GA and MYD09GA EVI(enhanced vegetation index), provincial unit rice yield was estimated using rice standard yield per area from statistical sampling survey plots. The results showed that more than 50%, 85% and 95% absolute difference between MOD09GA and MYD09GA EVI for rice sampling plots during rice growth period was less than 0.03, 0.08 and 0.1, respectively. The accuracies of estimating rice yield derived from quadratic nonlinear models and regression models were higher than those of other kind of models. The fitting and forecasting unit rice yield had a relative error of 2% and 5%, respectively. The scatter diagrams showed that the estimating paddy rice yield was closed to the observed data, which indicated that the estimating provincial unit rice yield based on MODIS EVI and measured data derived from statistical sampling plots was consistent with the statistical results.
Number of references:36
Main heading:Sampling
Controlled terms:Estimation - Food supply - Radiometers - Regression analysis - Remote sensing - Statistics
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute difference - Enhanced vegetation index - Feasibility analysis - Food security - Growth period - Measured data - Non-linear model - Observed data - Paddy rice - Regression model  - Relative errors - Rice - Rice yield - Scatter diagrams - Statistical sampling
Classification code:404.2 Civil Defense - 731.1 Control Systems - 801 Chemistry - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20114214431845
Title:Changing characteristic of physical and chemical indices during brown rice storage
Authors:Zhang, Yurong (1); Jia, Shaoying (1); Zhou, Xianqing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, X.(xianqingzh@haut.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:374-380
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the quality changes of stored brown rice and control the quality changes during brown rice storage and circulating effectively, perpetrating simulating storage in laboratory with 2 kinds of round shaped brown rice, the storage conditions were 15&deg;C, 25&deg;C and 35&deg;C, relative humidity 75%, the germination rate, viability and fatty acid value were determinate every 30 d and lasted for 210 d. The results showed that germination rate and viability of brown rice increased with the storage time prolonging and the deterioration enhancing, while fatty acid value decreased. The kinetics analyzes results showed that these trends could be well reflected by first order kinetics, and all of these are suitable to Arrhenius equation. Different varieties of brown rice with different activation energy, which of Liaoxing was greater than that of Yanfeng at the three parameters, and the activation energy of germination rate and viability were greater than that of free fatty acid with one sample. The results could be useful to predict and control quality change during brown rice storage and distribution process.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Activation energy
Controlled terms:Cultivation - Fatty acids - Kinetics - Quality control
Uncontrolled terms:Arrhenius equation - Brown rice - Chemical indices - Control quality - Distribution process - First order kinetics - Free fatty acid - Germination rates - Physical and chemical index - Quality change  - Storage condition - Storage time - Three parameters
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.065
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20114214431789
Title:Head calculation and amendments for centrifugal pumps at shut off condition
Authors:Liu, Houlin (1); Wu, Xianfang (1); Tan, Minggao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Wu, X.(demonwt@sohu.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:43-47
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:How to calculate head of the centrifugal pump at shut off condition has been a difficult problem. The existing methods to compute head of centrifugal pump at shut off condition and their detail formula were introduced. Based on the practical calculation of 34 centrifugal pumps, the precision and application range of all methods were analyzed. The analysis indicates that the result of Euler method is theoretical head of centrifugal pump at shut off condition and its deviation is more than 60%. The precision of Throne method is the highest and its average deviation is 4.29%. The precision of Stirling method is the lowest and its average deviation is 11.3%. The specific speed was chosen as independent variable and non-linearity regression analysis was used to amend the seven methods. The revision formula and confidence parameters were presented. At last, 5 centrifugal pumps were chosen to check up the regression analysis results and the practical application indicates that the precision of the modified formula is improved obviously and can meet the engineering requirement.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Hydraulic machinery - Precision engineering - Pumping plants - Regression analysis - Statistics
Uncontrolled terms:Application range - Average deviation - Euler method - Head - Independent variables - Non-Linearity - Practical calculation - Shut off condition - Specific speed - Stirling
Classification code:446 Waterworks - 618.2 Pumps - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 761 Nanotechnology - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20114214431803
Title:Real-time rendering of wheat population growth status and its realization
Authors:Tang, Liang (1); Lei, Xiaojun (1); Liu, Xiaojun (1); Sun, Chuanfan (1); Cao, Weixing (1); Zhu, Yan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, Y.(yanzhu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:128-135
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To effectively improve realistic and efficiency of visualization of wheat population, a real-time rendering algorithm based on multi-technology integration was developed for visualization of wheat population growth. Firstly, based on the rule of morphological formation of wheat population, differences between individual architectures in population were analyzed. Secondly, in order to improve rendering efficiency, level of detail (LOD) model was adopted, space dividing and selection of level of detail were decided by sight position, sight angle and sight line. View frustum culling was used to reduce the number of detecting point and improve speed of sigle point culling. Tree-structure display list was used to improve data strcture design. Thirdly, external reference and instance technology was used to improve realistic of visualization by generate several diffferent samples which would be used when wheat population were rendering. Finally, a simulation experiments for comparison showed that the rendering algorithm based on multi-technology integration improved efficiency of real-time visualization of wheat population, reduced memory requirement, the techologies for visualization of wheat population growth had a good performance on dynamic and realistic characteristics. These results are helpful for development of a visualization wheat growth system.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Population statistics
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Efficiency - Imaging techniques - Integration - Interactive computer systems - Real time systems - Technology - Trees (mathematics) - Visualization
Uncontrolled terms:Detecting point - Growth systems - Level of detail - Multi-technology integration - ON dynamics - Population - Population growth - Real time visualization - Real-time rendering - Reduced memory requirements  - Rendering algorithms - Simulation experiments - Tree-structure - View frustum culling - Wheat
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 901 Engineering Profession - 746 Imaging Techniques - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20114214431810
Title:Multi-dimension stochastic simulation method of regional water demand
Authors:Gu, Wenquan (1); Shao, Dongguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Lab. of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Corresponding author:Gu, W.(gwquan@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:170-174
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Water demand simulation is an important basis of regional water resources planning and management. Technologies of Choleskey factoring, Box-Cox data transferring and Monte-Carlo simulation are combined to establish a multi-dimension stochastic simulation model of regional water demand. And this model can realize long time-series simulation and express the correlativity between monthly water demands. The middle-lower reaches of HanJiang River was taken as study object. Results showed that the relative errors of mean value, variance and correlation coefficient of the simulated water demand series had least errors. This study presented a new method of water demand simulation with application value.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Stochastic models
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Errors - Planning - Stochastic systems - Water management
Uncontrolled terms:Correlation coefficient - Data transferring - Mean values - Monte Carlo Simulation - Regional water resources - Relative errors - Stochastic simulation model - Stochastic simulations - Time-series simulation - Water demand
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 921 Mathematics - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 961 Systems Science - 723.5 Computer Applications - 444 Water Resources - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 446 Waterworks
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20114214431842
Title:Rheological and gel properties of corn starch-xanthan mixed systems
Authors:Zhang, Yayuan (1); Hong, Yan (1); Gu, Zhengbiao (1); Zhu, Ling (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
Corresponding author:Gu, Z.(zhangbiaogu@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:357-362
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the effects of hydrocolloid on the rheological and gel properties of starch paste, rheolgical and gel behaviors of corn starch and corn starch/xanthan gum mixed systems were studied. The mechanism of interaction between corn starch and xanthan gum was also analyzed. The results showed that corn starch and corn starch/xanthan gum mixed pastes were the typic yield-pseudoplasticity. A significant synergistic effect on consistency index was evident. The flow behavior index of mixed pastes was increased as the ratio of xanthan gum in the mixtures was raised. The mixture pastes exhibited more pseudoplasticity., but the effect was no pronounced as the proportion of xanthan gum was greater than 10%. The dynamic oscillatory test showed that the mixture pastes had a more superior viscoelastic property. The xanthan gum molecules exerted intermolecular interactions with the amylose molecules by hydrogen bond. The short-term retrogradation of amylose was prolonged and restricted by the present of xanthan gum. The mixed gels were more softer. Based on an overall consideration, a 9.0:1.0 (g/g) mixture of corn starch and xanthan gum proved to be the optimal additive. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for application and quality control of corn starch/xanthan gum mixed system in food industry.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Starch
Controlled terms:Gels - Hydrogen - Hydrogen bonds - Mixtures - Rheology
Uncontrolled terms:Consistency index - Corn starch - Flow behavior index - Food industries - Gel behavior - Gel properties - Intermolecular interactions - Mix - Mixed gel - Mixed systems  - Pseudoplasticity - Research results - Starch pastes - Synergistic effect - Theoretical basis - Viscoelastic properties - Xanthan Gum
Classification code:801.4 Physical Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.062
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20114214431797
Title:The effects of disease stress on spectra reflectance and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of cotton leaves
Authors:Chen, Bing (1); Wang, Keru (1); Li, Shaokun (1); Jin, Xiuliang (1); Chen, Jianglu (1); Zhang, Dongsheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Production Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (3) Institute of Cotton, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832003, China
Corresponding author:Li, S.(lishk@mail.caas.net.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:86-93
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to provide a new technology and method to monitor cotton infected Verticillium wilt by spectra and chlorophyll fluorescence, the effects of spectra reflectance and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of cotton leaves under disease stress were studied. Through treatments of Verticillium wilt by inoculation in experiment field, the physical-chemical parameters, spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cotton leaves were measured and analyzed under disease stress. The results showed that with increasing severity level (SL) of disease, the Ch1.a, Ch1.b, Chl.a b, LWC and LTNC, were decreased, and Car was gone up and then down in disease cotton leaves. The spectral reflectance of cotton leaves was little by little climbed from visible light region to short wave infrared region (400-2500 nm) with increasing SL of disease. The spectral characteristic parameters of REP, OSAVI, PRI, G_NDVI, Lo, Depth672 and Area672 on leaves of disease were little by little dropped, whereas R550, R680, TCARI, R1200, R1685, Lwidth and ND672 were little by little climbed with increasing SL. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Fv, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, Fm/Fo, &Phi;PSII were all decreased, but Fo increased with increasing SL of disease. After analyzing of correlation, it was discovered that besides Car, others agronomy, spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were all significant relationship with SL. And the correlation of was best between spectral parameters and SL, the second correlation between agronomy parameters and SL, and the better correlation between chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and SL. The spectral reflectance and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of cotton leaves were influenced in some degree by disease of cotton, so it is variable to monitoring of cotton disease by the spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Fluorescence
Controlled terms:Agronomy - Chemical analysis - Chlorophyll - Cotton - Fermium - Reflection
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll fluorescence - Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters - Physical-chemical parameters - Short wave infrared regions - Spectral characteristics - Spectral parameters - Spectral reflectances - Verticillium wilt - Visible light region
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 801.2 Biochemistry - 741.1 Light/Optics - 622.1 Radioactive Materials, General - 801 Chemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20114214431817
Title:Impact assessment of saline-sodic agricultural drainage on water quality in vented area of Chagan Lake
Authors:Sun, Xiaojing (1); Wang, Zhichun (1); Zhao, Changwei (1); Xu, Lu (1); Dong, Yan (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Changchun 130012, China; (2) Da'an Sodic Land Experiment Station, Da'an 131317, China; (3) Oil Extraction Plant of Changchun, Jilin Oil Field Filiale of China Petroleum and Natural Gas, Changchun 130618, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.(wangzhichun@neigae.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:214-219
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To evaluate the impact of saline-sodic agricultural drainage on water quality in vented area, the agricultural drainage of Qianguo irrigation area, Jilin province and Chagan lake was chosen as the studied object. In 2009 and 2010, during rice growing season, samples were collected monthly. K, Na, Ca², Mg², SO<inf>4</inf>^2-, Cl^-, CO<inf>3</inf>^2-, HCO<inf>3</inf>^-, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand were recorded. Temporal and spatial variations of water quality from irrigation area to the vented area were analyzed. Water qualtity of Chagan lake was evaluated. The results showed that pH value in Chagan lake was larger than 7.8 at present. The maximum value of sodium adsorption ratio was 3.59 (mmolc/L)^1/2, which appeared in May. The total nitrogen concentration was 1.22 mg/L, which was lower than the average value (1.56 mg/L) in the last 12 years. The content of total phosphorus was highest (0.28 mg/L) in June. In addition to chemical oxygen demand, the other indexes of water quality did not exceed the concentration limitations. However, in the flood season, Chagan lake belonged to the IV water quality type. This paper could provide the theoretical basis of ecological and environmental warning for Chagan lake.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Saline water
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Chemical oxygen demand - Chlorine - Irrigation - Lakes - Oxygen - Phosphorus - Rating - Sodium - Soils  - Water quality
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural drainage - Assessment - Average values - Flood season - Growing season - Impact assessments - Irrigation area - Jilin Province - Maximum values - pH value  - Saline-sodic soil - Sodium adsorption ratio - Temporal and spatial variation - Theoretical basis - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorus - Vented area
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 453 Water Pollution - 444 Water Resources - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 453.2 Water Pollution Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20114214431804
Title:Intelligent monitoring system for industrialized aquaculture based on wireless sensor network
Authors:Shi, Bing (1); Zhao, Dean (1); Liu, Xingqiao (1); Jiang, Jianming (2); Sun, Yueping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (2) School of Information Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, D.(dazhao@js.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:136-140
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:An intelligent monitoring system for the industrialized aquaculture was designed based on wireless sensors network, aiming to: avoid the negative effects brought by cable monitoring system; and improve the accuracy of the measurement and control of the environmental factors in industrialized aquaculture. Every breeding pond was set as one fixed cluster by small modifications of the protocol stack. A fixed cluster head was also set in every cluster by properly modifying routing protocol. All the modifications of protocol stack were helpful for reducing the amount of calculation in every cluster and saving energy significantly. According to combination of fuzzy and neural network algorithms, the controller accomplished the data processing. The controller generated corresponding control signals and realized the closed-loop control system. Further experimental tests showed that communications among the system ware realized reliably; and the requirements, such as the control precision of the temperature, the dissolved oxygen and the pH value, were perfectly met &plusmn;0.5&deg;C, &plusmn;0.3 mg/L, and &plusmn;0.3 respectively. The application of the system can well meet the demands of modern industrialized intelligent aquaculture.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Monitoring
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Controllers - Data handling - Dissolved oxygen - Environmental testing - Neural networks - Sensors - Wireless networks
Uncontrolled terms:Breeding ponds - Cable monitoring - Cluster head - Control precision - Control signal - Environmental factors - Experimental test - Industrialized aquaculture - Intelligent monitoring systems - Measurement and control  - Neural network algorithm - pH value - Protocol stack - Saving energy - Wireless sensor - Wireless sensors networks
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 801 Chemistry - 732.1 Control Equipment - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 454 Environmental Engineering - 445 Water Treatment - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20114214431784
Title:Mathematical model of feeding rate and processing loss for combine harvester
Authors:Chen, Du (1); Wang, Shumao (1); Kang, Feng (2); Zhu, Qingyuan (3); Li, Xiaohua (4)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (3) School of Physics and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Fujian 361005, China; (4) Luoyang Zhongshou Machinery Equipment Co. Ltd., Henan 471000, China
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(wangshumao@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:18-21
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To investigate the relationship between feeding rate and harvest loss of combine harvesters, the paper intensively analyzed the factors that influenced feeding rate and harvest loss for combine harvester. The mathematical model between feeding rate and processing loss was established using three functions (power, exponential and quadratic) based on field test samples of Xinjiang-2A combine harvester. The model based on quadratic function showed the highest accuracy and its coefficient of determination was 0.826. Validation experiment was conducted to verify developed model through feeding rate controllable equipment. The results showed that when the feeding rate was between 0.3-4.1 kg/s, the absolute deviation between measured processing loss and calculated value was in the range of 0.04%-0.91%. It indicated that the developed quadratic model was accurate. It is concluded that the developed model could be capable of predicting the processing loss for the tested machine.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Mathematical models
Controlled terms:Feeding - Functions - Harvesters
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute deviations - Calculated values - Coefficient of determination - Combine harvesters - Developed model - Feeding rate - Field test - Model-based OPC - Quadratic function - Quadratic models
Classification code:691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20114214431840
Title:Evaluation of E.carinicauda freshness based on odor and color models
Authors:Tang, Lin (1); Tu, Kang (1); Pan, Leiqing (1); Hui, Teng (1); Chen, Xiaobo (1); Xie, Yiping (1); Liu, Ming (1); Liu, Peng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Tu, K.(kangtu@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:344-348
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, the electronic nose and colorimeter were used to evaluate odor and color changes of E.carinicauda with different freshness during storage at 4&deg;C. Three models predicting the freshness changing rates of E.carinicauda based on odor, color and both two factors were established. The result showed that the color parameter b* was increased linearly when the freshness decreased. The samples of different freshness could be well distinguished by S<inf>6</inf>, S<inf>7</inf>, S<inf>8</inf>, S<inf>9</inf>, S<inf>10</inf> sensors of the electronic nose. The three predicting models of freshness were all feasible (average accuracy &ge;90.0%), among which the model of odor combining color obtained the highest forecasting accuracy of 98.8%, followed with odor or color based model. This study provides a new method for E.carinicauda freshness evaluation and its freshness can be predicted correctly by the model based on odor and color.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Color
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Artificial organs - Colorimeters - Colorimetry - Forecasting
Uncontrolled terms:Color changes - Color models - Color parameter - Color-based models - E.carinicauda - Electronic NOSE - Forecasting accuracy - Freshness - Model-based OPC - Predicting models  - Three models
Classification code:462.4 Prosthetics - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 941.3 Optical Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.060
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20114214431843
Title:Effect of plasma on fenpropathrin residue degradation
Authors:Dong, Xiaona (1); Zhang, Huali (1); Wang, Shiqing (1); Zhang, Yan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Food Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (2) Qingdao Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao 266109, China
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(wangshiqing@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:363-367
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To obtain a new method of pesticide residue degradation in fruits and vegetables, the effects and influencing factors of fenpropathrin residue degradation in Shandong Chengyang Cyan Chinese cabbage were studied by using plasma through response surface methodology. The results showed that plasma had an excellent effect on fenpropathrin residue-degraded in Chinese cabbage. The degradation rates were all more than 70%, and the influence strength of the parameters was application time&gt; power&gt; electrode distance. The optimum residue degradation conditions of fenpropathrin were application time 30 s, power 200 W and electrode distance 3 cm, and the maximum degradation rate was 98.78%. This paper provide a reference for pesticide residue degradation in fruits and vegetables.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Degradation
Controlled terms:Fruits - Pesticide effects - Plasmas - Surface properties - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Chinese cabbage - Degradation condition - Degradation rate - Electrode distances - Fenpropathrin - Influencing factor - Pesticide residue - Response Surface Methodology - Shandong
Classification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 932.3 Plasma Physics - 951 Materials Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.063
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20114214431830
Title:Analysis on combustion kinetics of corn stalk briquetting densification fuel
Authors:Liu, Shengyong (1); Wang, Yanling (1); Bai, Bing (1); Su, Chaojie (2); Yang, Guofeng (1); Zhang, Fei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Henan Industry and Trade Vocational College, Zhengzhou 450053, China
Corresponding author:Liu, S.(liushy@vip.sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:287-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To further realize biomass briquette fuel of high efficiency combustion, the dynamic analysis was performed for the corn stalk briquette. The corn straws in different sizes (1, 0.25 mm) and different heating rate (10, 20, 40&deg;C/min) had been studied using thermogravimetric analysis, and then were treated by first order or pseudo-second order kinetics. Thermo gravimetry, digital thermogravimetry and differential thermal could be obtained. The kinetic parameters like activation energy and frequency factor could be calculated by using thermo gravimetry and digital thermogravimetry. Thermal decomposition kinetics equation of corn straws was obtained. The results showed that corn stalk briquette combustion process could be divided into three parts: endothermic and dehydration, precipitation of volatile and the combustion reaction, fixed carbon combustion reaction. Different rate of temperature and sample fineness had some influences on the activation energy and the maximum weight loss rate. The activation energy of cornstalk briquette reached maximum at heating rate of 20&deg;C/min. The study could provide theoretical basis for further research on the actual pyrolysis process of biomass briquette fuel and determine design parameters of burning equipments.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Thermogravimetric analysis
Controlled terms:Activation energy - Briquets - Briquetting - Combustion - Dynamic analysis - Fuels - Gravimeters - Heating - Heating rate - Kinetics  - Pyrolysis
Uncontrolled terms:Briquette combustion process - Combustion kinetics - Combustion reactions - Corn - Corn stalk - Corn straws - Design parameters - Different sizes - Differential thermals - First order  - Fixed carbons - Frequency factors - High efficiency - Pseudo second order kinetics - Pyrolysis process - Theoretical basis - Thermal decomposition kinetics - Weight loss rates
Classification code:931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 801 Chemistry - 643.1 Space Heating - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 524 Solid Fuels - 521.1 Fuel Combustion - 422.2 Strength of Building Materials : Test Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.050
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20114214431836
Title:Land consolidation planning by using three dimensional visualization method based on rule base
Authors:Shi, Ruoming (1); Zhu, Haiyong (1); Chen, Can (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Geomatics and City Spatial Information, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
Corresponding author:Shi, R.(shiruoming@bucea.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:323-327
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To improve the planning of the land consolidation, the intelligent planning method and three dimensional visualization are researched. A method were explored that knowledge of land consolidation planning was represented by object oriented technique, the planning rules were derived by inference and the rule base was built and correlated with model library of three dimensional planning elements. The rules were used to conduct the arrangement of the planning elements in three dimensional scene in order to improve the visualization, normalization and efficiency of the land consolidation planning.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Three dimensional
Controlled terms:Computer applications - Three dimensional computer graphics - Visualization
Uncontrolled terms:Feature distribution - Intelligent planning - Knowledge expression - Land consolidation - Rule base
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.056
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20114214431818
Title:Characteristics of soil erosion, nitrogen and phosphorous losses under three grassland use patterns in Hulun Lake watershed
Authors:Zhao, Wei (1); Yang, Peiling (1); Li, Haishan (3); Hu, Gaowa (3); Liu, Xiaoping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100120, China; (3) Xin Baerhu Youqi Grassland Station of Hulunbeier, Xin Baerhu Youqi 021300, China
Corresponding author:Yang, P.(yangpeiling@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:220-225
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to analyze the law of soil erosion, nitrogen and phosphorous losses, the experiments of soil erosion, nitrogen and phosphorus losses with runoff production were conducted under three use pattern grassland (traditional use grassland, enclosed grassland, no grazing grassland) of Hulun Lake watershed by artificial rainfall simulator. The results showed that soil erosion in traditional grazing grassland was most serious among the three use pattern grassland with the rain intensity as 40 and 75 mm/h. Under the same rain intensity, loss amount of total nitrogen was highest in enclosed grassland followed by traditional grazing grassland and no grazing grassland, while loss amount of total phosphorous was highest in traditional grazing grassland, followed by enclosed grassland and no grazing grassland. It was also shown that the relationship between the loss amounts of the nitrogen and phosphorous and the rain intensities was not significant under the same use pattern grassland. Building more enclosed grassland could prevent soil erosion effectively. A linear relationship was found between the emission load of nitrogen and phosphorus and accumulated runoff in traditional grazing grassland and enclosed pasture. However, an exponential relationship was found in no grazing pasture. The research could provide reference for the reasonable utilization of grassland in Hulun Lake watershed, the protection of water environment and the control of non-point pollution of Hulun Lake.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Erosion - Infiltration - Lakes - Landforms - Phosphorus - Rain - Runoff - Soils - Water pollution control  - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial rainfall - Grassland use patterns - Hulun Lake watershed - Linear relationships - Nonpoint pollutions - Phosphorous - Phosphorus loss - Rain-intensity - Runoff production - Soil erosion  - Total nitrogen - Total phosphorous - Water environments
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 481.1 Geology - 453.2 Water Pollution Control - 444.1 Surface Water - 443.3 Precipitation - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20114214431799
Title:Remote sensing estimation of paddy rice biomass based on microwave canopy scattering model
Authors:Zhang, Yuan (1); Zhang, Zhonghao (3); Su, Shiliang (3); Wu, Jiaping (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Resources and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (2) Research Center of Remote Sensing and Geoscience, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS, Changchun 130012, China; (3) College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Corresponding author:Wu, J.(jw67@zju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:100-105
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A microwave canopy scattering model was developed for estimating rice biomass effectively. Taking paddy rice biophysical parameters measured in field survey as inputs of modified microwave canopy scattering model to simulate backscattering coefficient of paddy rice canopy, the modified model was integrated with generic algorithm optimization tool (GAOT) for the inversion of rice biophysical parameters from radar data ALOS/PALSAR. And then, a rice biomass map was generated. The results showed that the estimation error of rice canopy backscattering coefficients was less than 1dB with the modified model, and the difference of rice biomass between measured and estimated was below 200 g/m². This research showed the potentials of microwave remote sensing physical model for inversing rice biophysical parameters and estimating rice biomass.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Parameter estimation
Controlled terms:Backscattering - Biomass - Biophysics - Computer programming - Estimation - Microwaves - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Backscattering coefficients - Biomass map - Biophysical parameters - Canopy scattering model - Estimation errors - Generic algorithm - In-field - Microwave remote sensing - Modified model - Paddy rice  - Physical model - Radar data - Rice canopy - Scattering model - Structural parameter
Classification code:931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 921 Mathematics - 731.1 Control Systems - 723.1 Computer Programming - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20114214431844
Title:Effects of extrusion cooking processing on physicochemical properties of aquafeed sinking pellets
Authors:Niu, Huaxin (1); Guo, Shidong (1); Zhu, Aixia (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (2) School of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongllia University for the Nationalties, Tongliao 028000, China
Corresponding author:Guo, S.(guosd@jiangnan.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:368-373
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to large-scale produce a low-pollution, high conversion rate of eco-friendly aquafeed sinking pellets, the formula aquafeed was produced by extrusion cooking processing using a corotating twin-screw extruder, physicochemical properties (expansion ratio, sink rate, bulk density, starch gelatinization and pellet water stability index) of sinking aquafeed using as important index. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effects of feed moisture content (22%-38%), barrel temperature (70-170&deg;C) and screw speed (73-107 r/min) on physicochemical properties of sinking aquafeeds. And microstructure of aquafeeds was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that feed moisture content, barrel temperature and screw speed all affected physicochemical properties of extruded aquafeed significantly. Desirable products, characterized by low expansion ratio (1.14), while high bulk density (757.6 g/L), starch gelatinization (879.5 g/kg), pellet durability (96.6%) and water stability index (88.7%), were obtained at medium to high feed moisture content, barrel temperature and low screw speed. SEM examination showed that the microstructure of pellets was smooth and firm, when in the optimal conditions (feed moisture content 31%, barrel temperature 126&deg;C and screw speed 78 r/min). The results can provide a reference for producing develop efficient, low consumption, high-quality, low-carbon sinking aquatic feed.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Pelletizing
Controlled terms:Chemical contamination - Chemical properties - Extrusion - Gelation - Microstructure - Moisture determination - Ore pellets - Scanning electron microscopy - Screws - Starch  - Surface properties - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Aquafeed - Barrel temperature - Bulk density - Conversion rates - Corotating twin-screw extruders - Eco-friendly - Expansion ratio - High feed - High quality - Low consumption  - Low expansion - Low-carbon - Optimal conditions - Physicochemical property - Response Surface Methodology - Scanning electron microscopes - Screw speed - Sink rates - Sinking pellet - Starch gelatinization  - Water stability
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 933 Solid State Physics - 822.3 Food Products - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801 Chemistry - 951 Materials Science - 741.1 Light/Optics - 535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 444 Water Resources - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 605 Small Tools and Hardware
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.064
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20114214431819
Title:Effects of different irrigation patterns on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of hot pepper in Southern China
Authors:Shao, Guangcheng (1); Guo, Ruiqi (1); Liu, Na (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab. of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, Nanjing 210098, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (3) School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Corresponding author:Shao, G.(sgcln@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:226-230
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to realize water-saving, high quality and high yield of hot pepper by scientifically and rationally regulating soil water, the influence of different irrigation patterns on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of hot pepper under the condition of rain-shelter with OS5-FL modulated chlorophyll fluorometer was studied. The results showed that with the reduce of irrigation water volume, hot pepper variable fluorescence(Fv), maximum fluorescence(Fm), the ratio of the variable to maximum fluorescence(Fv/Fm), the ratio of the variable to minimal fluorescence(Fv/Fo) and the photochemical quenching coefficient(qP) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN) at the four growing stage decreased, while the minimal fluorescence(Fo) raised. Analysis indicated that photosystem II damaged, and primary light energy conversion of PS II(Fv/Fm), potential activities of PS II(Fv/Fo) decreased, photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic primary reaction inhibited, the ability of heat disseminate increased. In the three treatments of DI50, 1PRD and 2PRD. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of hot pepper under 1PRD changed smaller compared to CK. However, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were not significantly affected by irrigation patterns during four measurement.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Fluorescence
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Cultivation - Energy conversion - Irrigation - Photosynthesis - Plants (botany) - Quenching - Rain - Soil moisture - Water conservation  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters - High quality - High yield - Hot pepper - Irrigation patterns - Irrigation waters - Light energy conversion - Non-photochemical quenching - Photochemical quenching - Photosynthetic electron transport  - Photosystem II - Potential activities - Primary reaction - Soil water - Southern China - Water-saving
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 741.1 Light/Optics - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 443.3 Precipitation - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20114214431816
Title:Estimating model of transpiration for greenhouse tomato based on Penman-Monteith equation
Authors:Liu, Hao (1); Duan, Aiwang (1); Sun, Jingsheng (1); Liu, Zugui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China
Corresponding author:Sun, J.(jshsun623@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:208-213
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is a very important part for crop transpiration in the process of crop growth. For seeking suitable transpiration estimating model of tomato grown in greenhouse, the parameters such as canopy stomatal resistance of tomato and aerodynamic resistance were modified in connection with a microclimate environment in greenhouse based on Penman-Monteith equation, and the estimation model of transpiration for greenhouse-grown tomato was established by considering the meteorological data, leaf area index and canopy height as main parameters. The model was verified by measurement values of sap flow rate from May 2 to 13 in 2009 (at the flowering and fruit development stage) and from June 9 to 20 in 2009 (at the fruit maturation stage), respectively. The result showed that average relative error for the model simulation was 8.48% and 9.20% at two stages, respectively. Therefore, plant transpiration could be estimated using the model. The transpiration model established in this study could provide important reference value to further research on tomato-water relationship in greenhouse.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Crops - Estimation - Flow rate - Fruits - Greenhouses - Meteorology - Transpiration
Uncontrolled terms:Aerodynamic resistance - Average relative error - Canopy heights - Crop growth - Estimation models - Fruit development - Fruit maturation - Greenhouse tomatoes - Leaf Area Index - Main parameters  - Meteorological data - Model simulation - Penman-Monteith equations - Plant transpiration - Reference values - Sap flow rate - Stomatal resistance - Tomato - Two stage
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 723.5 Computer Applications - 643 Space Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning - 631 Fluid Flow - 443 Meteorology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20114214431815
Title:Soil moisture distribution in deep layers and its response to different land use patterns on Loess Tableland
Authors:Cheng, Liping (1); Liu, Wenzhao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Graduate University of the Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Liu, W.(wzliu@ms.iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:203-207
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The characteristics of soil moisture distribution in 0~20 m loess profiles under different land use patterns and its relations with soil texture on the Changwu Loess Tableland were investigated for the optimal allocation of land use patterns and the study of regional hydrology and water resources. Results showed that physical clay in soil layers of red-brown paleosol was 2%-6% higher than in loess layers. Field capacity and wilting point were (21.39&plusmn;0.13)% and (8.06&plusmn;0.45)%, respectively. The characteristics of soil moisture distribution in deep layers were related to the loess- paleosol sequences. Generally, one paleosol layer and one loess layer constituteda up-down humidity level and there was an increasing trend in soil moisture with increased depth. The average soil moisture contents in the loess profiles in grassland was measured, 18-yr apple orchard, and 8-yr and 23-yr planted alfalfa grasslands were 18.89%, 15.45%, 14.77%, and 10.59%, respectively. The average soil moisture content at 0-13 m layer in high-yield wheat field was 18.74%. There was no soil desiccation below the depth of 3 m in high-yield wheat field and grassland. In 18-yr apple orchard, soil desiccation occured in the upper 10 m of the profile, being mainly moderate desiccation and light desiccation. In 8-yr planted alfalfa grassland, soil desiccation occured above 10 m of the profile, being severe desiccation, moderate desiccation, and light desiccation, and the severe desiccation occured above 4 m of the profile. In 23-yr planted alfalfa grassland, soil desiccation occured in the whole loess profile and the severe desiccation occured in the upper 17 m of the profile. The soil desiccation caused by negative water balance can gradually develop to deep soil layers with age in planted woodland and grassland and it is more prominent in alfalfa grassland.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Driers (materials) - Fruits - Land use - Moisture determination - Moisture meters - Orchards - Soil moisture - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Apple orchards - Deep layer - Deep soil layer - Field capacity - Humidity levels - Hydrology and water resource - Land use pattern - Optimal allocation - Response - Soil layer  - Soil moisture distribution - Soil textures - The Loess Tableland - Water balance - Wheat fields - Wilting point
Classification code:944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 944.2 Moisture Measurements - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 444 Water Resources - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20114214431812
Title:Evaluation and regional differences of water resources carrying capacity in Sanjiang plain
Authors:Jiang, Qiuxiang (1); Fu, Qiang (1); Wang, Zilong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Fu, Q.(fuqiang@neau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:184-190
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For the purpose of quantitatively evaluating water resources carrying capacity in the Sanjiang plain and directing the regional agricultural production scale and socioeconomic development, the evaluation index system and criteria were established firstly. Then the projection pursuit evaluation model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to comprehensively evaluate and classify water resources carrying capacity in the Sanjiang plain. Finally the regional differences of water resources carrying capacity of six cities and one town in the Sanjiang plain were analyzed by utilizing the visualization function of ArcGIS software. The results indicated that the water resources carrying capacity of the whole area of Sanjiang plain in 2008 belonged to grade III. Shuangyashan city, Qitaihe city and Muling city belonged to grade II which implied high carrying capacity and weak non-pressure state of water resources, and Jixi city, Hegang city, Jiamusi city and Yilan town belonged to grade III which implied moderate carrying capacity and compatible state between water resources exploitation and socioeconomic development. Along with the rapid growth of regional society and economy, a scientific and reasonable exploitation and development program of water resources could be made by using the results of the research to guarantee a continuable supply capacity of water resources for socioeconomic development.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Water resources
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Economic and social effects - Economics - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Visualization
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Development programs - Evaluation index system - Evaluation models - Particle swarm - Particle swarm optimization algorithm - Projection pursuits - Rapid growth - Sanjiang plain - Socio-economic development  - Supply capacity - Visualization functions - Water resources carrying capacities - Water resources exploitation
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20114214431828
Title:Effect of sulfite pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis of cotton stalk
Authors:Qi, Lindong (1); Wang, Gaosheng (1); Yu, Menghui (1); Pu, Chungang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
Corresponding author:Wang, G.(gswang@tust.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:276-281
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, sulfite pretreatment (SPORL) of cotton stalk was investigated. Added amount of sodium bisulfite, pH value, temperature and time had great effects on cotton stalk saccharification. Cellulose conversion ratio increased with the addition of sodium bisulfite, and levelled off after 8% sodium bisulfite dose. There was an optimal pH value in sulfite pretreatment of cotton stalk. In this study, cellulose conversion ratio reached maximum at pH value 2.65. Before 170&deg;C, the change of enzymatic hydrolysis was not remarkable. After then, enzymatic hydrolysis increased quickly and cellulose conversion ratio got to 70.10% at 180&deg;C for 20 min. Prolonging holding time was no longer effective. During sulfite pretreatment, both lignin and pentosan were dissolved from cotton stalk in the meantime, which could help cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis. The dissolution of lignin was more effective on cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis than dissolution of pentosan. This study also indicated that the cotton bast was easier to enzymatically hydrolyze than the whole cotton stalk and the cotton xylem was more difficult than the whole cotton stalk in the same conditions of sulfite pretreatment.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Enzymatic hydrolysis
Controlled terms:Cellulose - Cotton - Dissolution - Lignin - pH effects - Saccharification - Sodium
Uncontrolled terms:Cellulose conversion - Cotton bast - Cotton stalk - Holding time - pH value - Pre-Treatment - Pretreatment of cotton - Sodium bisulfite - SPORL
Classification code:819.1 Natural Fibers - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.2 Biochemistry - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 549.1 Alkali Metals
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.048
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20114214431821
Title:Effect of greenhouse gas measurement of three-side-open automated chamber
Authors:Wan, Yunfan (1); Li, Yu'e (1); Liu, Yuntong (1); Gao, Qingzhu (1); Qin, Xiaobo (1); Liu, Shuo (1); Ma, Xin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(yueli@ami.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:236-241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to decrease the disturbance of automatic chamber on crop growth and its growing environment during greenhouse gases measurement, the effect experiment of a three-side-open automated chamber on greenhouse gases measurement in maize field was conducted in compare with traditional open-at-top chamber. The experiment was to test the three-side-open chamber's character on ambient temperature, ambient relative humidity, soil temperature, soil moisture, crop growth and greenhouse gases emission. Results showed that in compare with traditional open-at-top chamber, the three-side-open chamber can significantly decrease the influence of chamber on ambient temperature, ambient relative humidity and soil temperature. It can decrease ambient temperature by 0.90&deg;C and increase air relative humidity by1.36% with chamber closed, and decrease ambient temperature by 0.74&deg;C and relative humidity by 5.69% with chamber opened respectively. Also the three-side-open chamber can decrease soil temperature by 2&deg;C before maize little bell stage, but there is no significant difference after little bell stage. The two chambers have no significant influence on soil moisture. The three-side-open chamber can also alleviate the maize height dramatically which influenced by chambers. The greenhouse gases monitor showed that the three-side-open chamber can trade off average CO<inf>2</inf> flux and N<inf>2</inf>O flux by 6.85% and 3.68%, but almost have no influence on CH<inf>4</inf> average flux. Therefore compared with traditional open-at-top chamber, the three-side-open automated chamber can significantly alleviate the interfere of chamber on crop ambient and its growth, and has better representative in greenhouse gas emission measurement.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Greenhouse effect
Controlled terms:Automation - Bells - Carbon dioxide - Crops - Experiments - Gas emissions - Global warming - Greenhouse gases - Moisture determination - Soil moisture  - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Application effect - Average flux - Crop growth - Greenhouse gases emissions - Soil temperature - Three-side-open automated chamber - Trade off
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 752.1 Acoustic Devices - 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 451 Air Pollution
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20114214431826
Title:Improvment of anaerobic biogasification efficiency by pretreatment of corn straw with composite microbial system of MC1
Authors:Yuan, Xufeng (1); Gao, Ruifang (1); Li, Peipei (1); Zhu, Wanbin (1); Wang, Xiaofen (1); Cui, Zongjun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) Center of Biomass Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Corresponding author:Cui, Z.(acuizj@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:266-270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The composite microbial system of MC1 was used to pretreat and hydrolyze corn straw in order to enhance anaerobic biogasification. The results of pretreatment and hydrolysis indicated that the pH value of the hydrolysate was as same as that of lignocellulose degradation by MC1, decreasing in the early phase and increasing in later stages of the degradation. The MC1 efficiently degraded the corn straw by nearly 59.0% during which its cellulose content decreased by 53.1%, hemicellulose content decreased by 76.4%. Total levels of various volatile products and chemical oxygen demand(COD) peaked in the fourth day after hydrolysis, and water-soluble carbohydrate peaked in the second day. Five major compounds were quantitatively analysed and the contents of each compound were ethanol 2.38 g/L, acetic acid 0.57 g/L, propanoic acid 0.11 g/L, butanoic acid 0.62 g/L and glycerine 0.22 g/L. The results of anaerobic digestion showed that the total biogas productions and the total methane productions of treated corn straw by MC1 were 33.0% and 58.1% more than the untreated ones. Accordingly, the composite microbial system pretreatment has the potential for further development and application for biogas production of corn straw.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Biogas - Carbohydrates - Cellulose - Chemical oxygen demand - Degradation - Ethanol - Glycerol - Hydrolysis - Methane  - pH
Uncontrolled terms:Biogas production - Biogasification - Cellulose content - Corn straws - Further development - Lignocellulose degradation - MC1 - Methane production - Microbial system - pH value  - Pre-Treatment - Propanoic acid - Volatile products - Water-soluble carbohydrates
Classification code:453 Water Pollution - 522 Gas Fuels - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20114214431798
Title:Winter wheat planting area extraction using multi-temporal remote sensing data based on field parcel characteristic
Authors:Zhu, Changming (1); Luo, Jiancheng (1); Shen, Zhanfeng (1); Cheng, Xi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Remote Sense Application Institute, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China; (2) Graduated University, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, C.(ablezhu@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:94-99
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Winter wheat area estimation by mean of remote sensing is one of important research content in agriculture information monitoring field. It is very important for yield estimation to obtain planting area timely and accurately. This paper proposed a new method for extraction winter wheat area based on object oriented technology used multi-sources and multi-temporal remote sensing data. Field parcel information was extracted from SPOT5 panchromatic and multi-temporal fusion data. Multi-temporal ETM images were segmented assistant by the thematic layer of field parcel at the same segmentation scale, and then, the segmentation results with the same shape feature were acquired to construct winter wheat extraction model based on dynamic spectral feature rule set. Through the cross validation, the winter wheat area was extracted. The experiment results show that the method can rapidly recognize winter wheat area. The overall accuracy of the result is over 90%, which can meet the calculation precision requirements of agriculture information remote sensing monitoring. Therefore, the method presented in the paper is practicable and can be widely used for winter wheat area quick extraction in future.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Remote sensing
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Image segmentation
Uncontrolled terms:Area estimation - Area extraction - Area-based - Calculation precision - Cross validation - Extraction model - Field parcel - Information monitoring - Multi-temporal - Multi-temporal remote sensing  - Object orient - Object oriented technologies - ON dynamics - Remote sensing monitoring - Rule set - Segmentation results - Shape features - Spectral feature - Thematic layers - Winter wheat  - Yield estimation
Classification code:731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20114214431835
Title:Analysis of decision-making mechanism of arable land use based on household object in Jingji plains
Authors:Li, Cuizhen (1); Kong, Xiangbin (2); Liang, Ying (1); Liu, Bangrui (1); Tan, Min (3); Li, Tao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (2) Department of Land Resource Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (3) Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
Corresponding author:Kong, X.(kxb@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:316-322
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Research on the mechanism of decision-making and the influencing factors for the household land use transition is the basis to analysis the driving forces of change of regional arable land quality and land potential productivity. Daxing county in Beijing and Quzhou county in Hebei province were taken as the cases to analyze. the effects of such factors as household family conditions, household income, arable land quantity and quality, and location on the decision making for the different type of household by the Logit method on the basis of the data from questionnaire survey of household and spatial distribution of land use at typical village. The result showed that the major households in Quzhou were optimization of profit and yield(OPY), the maximum profit(MP) and OPY in Daxing county. The households preferred to input the labor and arable land intensification to improve their profit. The affecting factors such as agricultural labor, arable land quantity, arable land quality and traffic impacting degree have positive effect on making a decision of "increasing income on the basis of ensuring grain for family consumption" or "only making much more money". Thus, these factors have also positive effects on farm households' transition from Maximum yield (MY) to OPY, while the urbanization impacting degree has positive effect on farm households' transition from OPY to MY.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Landforms
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Decision making - Grain (agricultural product) - Land use - Profitability - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Affecting factors - Arable land - Decision making process - Decision-making mechanisms - Driving forces - Family conditions - Grain security - Hebei Province - Household income - Impact factor  - Influencing factor - Jingji plains - Positive effects - Potential productivity - Questionnaire surveys
Classification code:912.2 Management - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 481.1 Geology - 405.3 Surveying - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.055
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20114214431825
Title:Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on hydrolysis and acidification of solid organic waste
Authors:Chen, Ling (1); Jiang, Weizhong (2); Zhao, Lixin (1); Dong, Baocheng (1); Wan, Xiaochun (1); Gao, Xinxing (1); Luo, Juan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Chen, L.(lynn_chen00@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:9
Issue date:September 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:260-265
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to alleviate the acid inhibition during acidogenesis of solid organic wastes, product-films accumulated around the substrates and microorganisms were hypothesized based on the diffusion of the acidogenic products in this study. Ultrsonic irradiation was introduced to destroy these product-films and promote the acidogenic performance. Direct ultrasonic irradiation could desorb acid from particle surfaces, and hence elevated the VS degradation rate from 0.8 to 1.3%/d. To advance the ultrasonic effect, fermentation broth from previous acidogenesis (volatile acid concentration was 11.0 g/L) was treated by the modified ultrasonic treatment (3-times-dilution-20-min -ultrasonic irradiation-filtration), and then fermented for 10 days in a rotational drum fermentation system. 68.2% of acid was removed from the substrate after treatment. At the end of the fermentation, the volatile acid increasing ratio (RVA) and VS degradation ratio (RVS) were increased from 166.7 and 17.0 to 732.0% and 26.7%, respectively. The results demonstrated that ultrasonic irradiation alleviated the product inhibition and improved the acidogenic performance of solid organic wastes.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Ultrasonics
Controlled terms:Degradation - Fermentation - Irradiation - Radiation - Sewage - Substrates
Uncontrolled terms:Acid inhibition - Acidogenesis - Acidogenic - After-treatment - Degradation rate - Degradation ratios - Fermentation broths - Modified ultrasonic treatment - Particle surface - Product inhibition  - Rotational drum fermentation system - Solid organic waste - Solid organic wastes - Ultrasonic irradiation - Volatile acids
Classification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801 Chemistry - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 452.1 Sewage
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.09.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.