<RECORD 1>

Accession number:20113814343617
Title:Monitoring of rice plant growth in northeast China using dual-wavebands crop growth analyzer
Authors:Li, Xiuhua (1); Li, Minzan (1); Cui, Di (1); Miao, Yuxin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Li, M.(limz@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:206-210
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to realize precision management on rice crop, field experiments and analyses on crop growth monitoring in rice fields were conducted with a prototype dual-wavebands crop growth analyzer developed before. The incident sunlight and reflective light from crop canopy were measured at the wavebands of 610 and 1220 nm respectively, and then the canopy reflectance and some vegetative indices were calculated. The nitrogen stress experiments were conducted in the two experimental paddy fields in northeast China at the tillering and heading stages of rice plant. Results showed that the leaf nitrogen concentration and dry biomass had good correlations with both RVI and NDVI, and had higher correlations with NDVI than with RVI. During the tillering stage, the average NDVI had a significant correlation with fertilizer amount (R<sup>2</sup>=0.94) and the nonlinear relationship indicated over-fertilization could decrease NDVI. The average NDVI at both the tillering and heading stages were significantly correlated with the average yield, and the R<sup>2</sup> at heading stage reached to 0.96. The study showed this analyzer has great potential in controlling income, increasing yield and providing theory and technology support for rice variable management.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Crops
Controlled terms:Experiments - Monitoring - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Average yield - Canopy reflectance - Crop canopy - Crop growth - Dry biomass - Field experiment - Good correlations - Leaf nitrogen - NDVI - Nitrogen stress  - Non-linear relationships - Northeast China - Paddy fields - Rice crops - Rice fields - Rice plants - RVI - Technology support - Vegetative index - Wavebands
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 2>

Accession number:20113814343636
Title:Temperature distribution simulation of microwave heating process of straw bale
Authors:Zhao, Xiqiang (1); Wang, Min (2); Zhang, Jian (1); Li, Longzhi (2); Ma, Chunyuan (2); Song, Zhanlong (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; (2) National Engineering Laboratory of Coal-Fired Pollution Reduction, Jinan 25006, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Z.(zlsong@sdu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:308-312
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For the investigation on microwave heating process, heating characteristics of straw bale under microwave heating were studied in this paper. Microwave heating was considered as an internal heat source, and Lambert's law was adopted to simplify the distribution of internal heat source. And then the temperature distribution of large-sized materials during microwave heating was calculated using a heat conduction differential equation with an internal heat source. Finally, the temperature distribution of straw bale during microwave heating was measured on a microwave heating device self-designed and constructed and compared with the simulation results. The comparison results show that numerical simulation results are basically able to reveal the heat transfer mechanisms during the microwave heating process and have a significant guidance to the utilization of microwave pyrolysis.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Microwave heating
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Differential equations - Heating - Microwaves - Pyrolysis - Temperature distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Comparison result - Heat transfer mechanism - Internal heat source - Lambert's law - Microwave pyrolysis - Numerical mathods - Straw bale - Straw bales
Classification code:921.2 Calculus - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 723.5 Computer Applications - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 643.1 Space Heating - 641.1 Thermodynamics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.054
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 3>

Accession number:20113814343608
Title:Dynamic modeling and peak prediction of servo motor for shoulder joint of robot
Authors:Jin, Zhenlin (1); Cui, Bingyan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering of Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 
Corresponding author:Cui, B.(bingyan_cui@yahoo.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:145-149
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to increase the workspace and the carrying capacity of robot shoulder joint, a robot shoulder joint was proposed, which based on three degrees of freedom orthogonal spherical parallel mechanism. In the article, the dynamics model of the shoulder joint was established using the second lagrange method. After derivation, expressions of inertia moment, coriolis force-centrifugal force, and gravity were obtained. Based on the above dynamic model, the peak prediction model of servo motor for the shoulder joint was defined. Further more, by the trajectory of the moving platform, the change regularity was analyzed that caused by the shoulder joint servo motor driven angular velocity and driving torque, and received dynamics of shoulder joint. Then, the peak prediction model of servo motor for the shoulder joint was validated, and obtained that maximum estimated peak torque was 4.27 N&middotm. The results show that the angular shoulder and drive torque of shoulder display periodic variation. The peak prediction model of servo motor can provide theoretical base for the servo motor selection of the shoulder joint.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Forecasting
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Centrifugation - Dynamics - Lagrange multipliers - Mathematical models - Mechanisms - Robots
Uncontrolled terms:Coriolis - Drive torque - Driving torques - Dynamic modeling - Dynamics models - Inertia moment - Lagrange - Lagrange methods - Moving platform - Peak prediction model  - Periodic variation - Prediction model - Shoulder joint - Shoulder joints - Spherical parallel mechanism - Three degrees of freedom
Classification code:601.3 Mechanisms - 731.5 Robotics - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 4>

Accession number:20113814343623
Title:Genetic algorithm based three-dimension bin packing model for regular packaging agricultural products
Authors:Xing, Bin (1); Yang, Xinting (1); Qian, Jianping (1); Wang, Fengli (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Information Technology in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, X.(yangxt@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:237-241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:With the development of agricultural products delivery, increasing the efficiency of the agri-food enterprises in distribution and reducing the logistics cost become more and more important. Therefore, in order to improve loading rate and loading cost, the three dimension bin packing problem (3BPP) for agricultural products was studied. With analyzing the features of agricultural products, considering the restrains of vehicle load, package size and bearing capacity, the putting sequence and directions of boxes were optimized by the GA algorithm for 3BPP. The algorithm was implemented by Java language which is an object oriented program language. Ten groups of experiments were carried out using the packing data acquired from an agricultural food production and distribution company, and the data were applied to test the algorithm. The results showed that the average running time was 37 947 ms, and the average value of objective function which can describe loading rate and loading cost was improved from 72.72% to 81.14%.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Genetic algorithms
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Bins - Computer software - Industry - Java programming language - Loading - Logistics - Object oriented programming
Uncontrolled terms:Average running time - Average values - Bin packing - Bin packing problem - Distribution companies - Food production - GA algorithm - Java language - Loading rate - Logistics costs  - Object-oriented program - Objective functions - Package size - Three dimensions - Three-dimension - Vehicle load
Classification code:913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 694.4 Storage - 672 Naval Vessels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 5>

Accession number:20113814343631
Title:Rapid and non-destructive diagnostics of nitrogen and magnesium deficiencies in cucumber plants by near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors:Shi, Jiyong (1); Zou, Xiaobo (1); Zhao, Jiewen (1); Mao, Hanping (2); Wang, Kailiang (1); Chen, Zhengwei (1); Huang, Xiaowei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, 212013, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu 212013, China 
Corresponding author:Zou, X.(zou_xiaobo@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:283-287
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To diagnose nitrogen and magnesium deficiencies in cucumber plants, genetic algorithm (GA) combined with K-nearest neighbors (KNN) were proposed to select characteristic intervals and establish diagnostic model based on near infrared spectroscopy. Near-infrared spectral data was acquired from the leaves of cucumber plants growth under nitrogen and magnesium deficient conditions. Raw cucumber spectra was preprocessed by standard normal transformation (SNV) and divided into 42 intervals, among which 8 subsets, i.e. No. 6, 9, 13, 17, 18, 24, 34 and 37, were selected by GA. When principal component factors equaled to 5 and K levels equaled to 5, GA-KNN diagnostic model was obtained based on the above 8 wavelength intervals with correct recognition rate of calibration of 98% and correct recognition rate of prediction of 96%, which has better out performs than using Bayes and KNN method. The result of this study shows that near infrared spectroscopy combined with GA-KNN are suitable to make rapid and non-destructive diagnostics of nitrogen and magnesium deficiencies in cucumber plant.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Genetic algorithms
Controlled terms:Infrared devices - Magnesium - Near infrared spectroscopy - Nitrogen - Principal component analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Cucumber plants - Diagnostic model - K-nearest neighbors - Near Infrared - Non-destructive diagnostic - Normal transformation - Principal Components - Recognition rates - Spectral data
Classification code:542.2 Magnesium and Alloys - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.049
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 6>

Accession number:20113814343649
Title:Experiment on deformation relief of rice after milling process
Authors:Lan, Haipeng (1); Jia, Fuguo (1); Zhao, Hongwei (2); Wang, Jitai (1); Zhang, Qiang (1); Fu, Qian (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (2) College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 
Corresponding author:Jia, F.(jfg204@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:383-386
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to increase the percentage of head milled rice after polishing process, the effects of temperature, relative humidity and initial water content on the time of deformation relief were studied by quadratic regression rotary combination experiments. Taking rice as raw material, the head rice rate of polished rice after deformation relief were compared with that of traditional method. Excel and SAS software were employed to analyze the experimental data, and the relative mathematical model was established. The results showed that within the experimental parameters rang (temperature 5-45°C, water content 13%-17% and relative humidity 25%-85%), 46-69 min could relieve deformation of milled rice, the initial water content, temperature and relative humidity have significant effect on the time of deformation relief. The head rice rate of polishing process after deformation relief is obviously higher than that of directly polishing process. The mathematical model can provide a theoretical support for deformation relief process of rice.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Deformation
Controlled terms:Experiments - Mathematical models - Milling (machining) - Models - Polishing - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Effects of temperature - Experimental data - Experimental parameters - Head rice rate - Milled rice - Milling process - Polished rice - Polishing processs - Quadratic regression - Relative humidities  - Temperature and relative humidity
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 604.2 Machining Operations - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.067
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 7>

Accession number:20113814343622
Title:Linkage control system of water-saving irrigation
Authors:Kang, Lijun (1); Zhang, Renzhi (1); Wu, Lili (2); An, Jinqiang (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resource an Environment Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (2) School of Information Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (3) College of Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, R.(zhangrz@gsau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:232-236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, an interlock water-saving irrigation control system was designed by using self-designed irrigation control devices and soil moisture monitoring devices, as well as data transmission with GSM network. The system has the functions of soil moisture monitoring, alltomatic irrigation control and expert decision support, and advantage of saving irrigation water, more efficient utilization of water resource. It consists of three parts, the onsite control cabinet, data collection system and automatic control software. The system can realize real-time soil moisture monitoring, expert knowledge management, and automatic irrigation control based on parameters of water demand by different crops in different growth phases. Application in demonstration areas proved that, the system is stable, reliable and easy to operate. It can be widely applied in such fields as large-scale planting, greenhouses and precision agriculture. It is of great significance for the implementation of water-saving agriculture.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Moisture control
Controlled terms:Automation - Control systems - Decision support systems - Global system for mobile communications - Irrigation - Knowledge management - Microwave measurement - Soil moisture - Water conservation - Water resources  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic irrigation - Control device - Data collection system - Decision supports - Growth phasis - GSM networks - Irrigation waters - On-site control - Precision Agriculture - Soil moisture monitoring  - Soil water content - Water demand - Water-saving - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 717 Optical Communication
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 8>

Accession number:20113814343618
Title:Soil organic matter predicting with remote sensing image in typical blacksoil area of Northeast China
Authors:Liu, Huanjun (1); Zhao, Chunjiang (1); Wang, Jihua (1); Huang, Wenjiang (1); Zhang, Xinle (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (2) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, H.(huanjunliu@gmail.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:211-215
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The study on spatial heterogeneity of soil organic matter (SOM) is significantly important to soil fertility evaluation, soil carbon pool estimation, soil resources utilization and protection. However, many factors, such as the spatial variation of relief, soil material and classes, few hyperspectral satellite images, restrict the regional SOM reversing with remote sensing (RS). Soil samples in typical blacksoil area of Heilongjiang province were collected, Landsat TM image was transformed and processed, and then the regional SOM predicting model was built with statistical methods. Results show that SOM content in blacksoil area is higher and larger than 2%, determining the dominant effect of soil organci matter; The spatial heterogeneity of SOM is significant, and soils are exposed for long time because of special farming and climate in blacksoil area, all these determine that the area is fit for SOM retrieving with RS; There are significant correlation between SOM and reflectance of six bands in VNIR spectral region, and the maximum R<sup>2</sup> is -0.710 at Band 3 (0.63-0.69 &mu;m), and the second at Band 4 (0.76-0.90 &mu;m), which corresponds to the laboratory analysis result of hyperspectral reflectance; SOM exponential model based on Band 2-4 reflectance is the best on precision and stability, which can uncover the spatial content of SOM in blacksoil area; The results can provide theoretical and technical support for improving RS retrieving of soil physic-chemical parameters, evaluating soil quality and carbon pool.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Climatology - Forecasting - Image reconstruction - Lakes - Organic compounds - Reflection - Remote sensing - Soil mechanics  - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon pool - Exponential models - Hyperspectral reflectance - Hyperspectral satellite - Laboratory analysis - LANDSAT TM - Landsat TM images - Northeast China - Predicting models - Region  - Remote sensing images - Retrieve - Soil carbon pool - Soil fertility - Soil materials - Soil organic matters - Soil quality - Soil resources - Soil sample - Spatial heterogeneity  - Spatial variations - Spectral region - Technical support
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.2 Geochemistry - 481.1 Geology - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 443 Meteorology - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 9>

Accession number:20113814343648
Title:Quality changes in shelf-life of Pyrus communis L. after different CA storage period
Authors:Zhu, Meiyun (1); Li, Mei (1); Liang, Lisong (2); Li, Zhenru (3); Qi, Liping (3); Wang, Guixi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (3) Forestry Bureau of Daxing District, Beijing 102607, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, G.(wanggx0114@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:377-382
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, the quality changes in shelf-life of Abate Fetel (Pyrus communis L.) stored for different time at controlled atmosphere (CA) with the gas volume fraction of 1.8% &plusmn; 0.2% O<inf>2</inf>, 0.8% &plusmn; 0.2% CO<inf>2</inf> were studied. The result showed that, the changes of fruit firmness and color were significantly restrained by CA storage, compared with that in cold storage. CA storage could reduce the fruit juice extraction, starch content and ethylene production, delay the peaks of ethylene release, and restrain the rising of diastatic activities. As for the different shelf-life, the firmness, starch content and color of the fruits with 6 days of shelf-life after CA treatment changed quickly compared with the control, the fruit juice extraction, the activities of amylase and the ethylene production increased obviously. Stored in controlled atmosphere could restrain the quality decline of Abate Fetel compared with the control, and the fruits could gain the best ripeness effect after 90 days of CA storage and 8 days of shelf-life.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Quality control
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Carbon dioxide - Cold storage - Energy storage - Ethylene - Fruit juices - Fruits - Starch
Uncontrolled terms:Abate Fetel - Controlled atmosphere - Ethylene production - Fruit firmness - Gas volume fraction - Juice extraction - Pyrus communis - Quality change - Shelf life - Starch contents  - Storage periods
Classification code:913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 694.4 Storage
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.066
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 10>

Accession number:20113814343596
Title:Path analysis on spatio-temporal scaling effect of crop evapotranspiration in growing seasons for winter wheat after reviving
Authors:Cai, Jiabing (1); Xu, Di (1); Liu, Yu (1); Zhang, Baozhong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Center for Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research, Beijing 100048, China; (2) Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China 
Corresponding author:Cai, J.(caijb@iwhr.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:69-76
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The spatio-temporal scaling effect of crop evapotranspiration (ET) is a scientific basis for efficient water using and water saving management. In this paper, the path analyses method was used to investigate the main impact factors and spatio-temporal effects of ET at different scale for winter wheat after reviving. The actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in plot was measured by weighing lysimeter and the areal latent water flux (LE) was monitored from the eddy covariance system in the agricultural field. The results showed that the scaling effects were significant for ET in space and time scale, and main impact factors were diverse for ETa and LE in whole day (24 hours) and daylight (7:00-18:00). For ETa in plot, main impact factors were the crop leaf area index (LAI) and net radiation (Rn) in whole day, the saturation vapour pressure deficit (VPD_7-18) and the LAI in daylight (7:00-18:00). Otherwise, for LE in area, Rn and crop height (H) were the main impact factors in whole day, the VPD_7-18 and H in daylight, respectively. In conclusion, the temporal scaling effect on ET was that the main impact factor was Rn for whole day and VPD for daylight. The spatial scaling effect on ET was that the ET in plot was sensitive to the crop LAI and the areal LE was related to the undersurface crop height.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Crops
Controlled terms:Evapotranspiration - Indexing (of information) - Regression analysis - Water conservation - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:AMOS - Evaportranspiration - Latent water flux - Path analysis - Scale effects - Winter wheat
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 444.1 Surface Water - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 11>

Accession number:20113814343599
Title:Colloid effect on permeability losses of water-bearing media under different sodium absorption ratio
Authors:Li, Haiming (1); Tong, Qi (1); Zhai, Jing (1); Jia, Xiaoyu (1); Zhang, Nan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Laboratory of Coastal Groundwater Utilization and Protection, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (2) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin 300475, China 
Corresponding author:Li, H.(lhm99044@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:90-94
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Column experiment was conducted to elucidate the transport-deposition dynamics of colloid in the coastal porous media in Tianjin under different sodium absorption ratio (SAR). the permeability changes of the water-bearing media, and the particle size, zeta (ζ) potential and electrophoretic mobility of the colloid were measured. Results showed that deposition occurred during the transport of colloid in the water-bearing media, and the total deposition ratio of colloids were 50.96 %, 87.95 % and 54.24 % respectively for the sodium absorption ratio (SAR) of 0, 2.85 and ∞. The average particle size of colloid in effluent decreased with increasing the absorption ratio (SAR), and the average particle size of colloid in effluent were in the range of 166.1~1595.9 nm, 578.6~2082.7 nm and 436.4~751.8 nm respectively for the sodium absorption ratio (SAR) of 0, 2.85 and ∞. Furthermore, Zeta (ζ) potential and electrophoretic mobility of colloid in effluent were negative, and the absolute value of zeta (ζ) potential and electrophoretic mobility increased with increasing the absorption ratio (SAR). When sodium absorption ratio (SAR) of influent were 0, 2.85 and ∞, permeability losses of the water-bearing media were 99.0%, 97.3% and 38.0% respectively in the process of colloids deposition, and it showed that the transport-deposition of colloid had influence on permeability of the water-bearing media, and permeability losses of the water-bearing media decreased with increasing the absorption ratio (SAR).
Number of references:15
Main heading:Water absorption
Controlled terms:Bearings (structural) - Colloid chemistry - Colloids - Deposition - Effluents - Electrophoretic mobility - Experiments - Particle size - Permeation - Porous materials  - Sodium
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute values - Absorption ratio - Average particle size - Column experiments - Permeability change - Permeability loss - Tianjin - Transport-deposition - Water-bearing media
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 901.3 Engineering Research - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 801.3 Colloid Chemistry - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 12>

Accession number:20113814343590
Title:Effect of soil wetting pattern on cotton-root distribution and plant growth under plastic mulched drip irrigation in field
Authors:Wang, Yunxi (1); Li, Mingsi (1); Lan, Mingju (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (2) Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Zhejiang Branchinstitute, Wenzhou 325000, China 
Corresponding author:Li, M.(leemince-709@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:31-38
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The relationships between soil wetting pattern and crop-root distribution as well as plant growth under drip irrigation are the theoretical bases for determining the soil wetted percentage in design of drip irrigation system. Based on the field experiments with the plastic mulched drip irrigation, diverse soil wetting patterns were gained by regulating the dripping discharge on dripping plots with the identical irrigation water. By which the distribution of cotton root system was studied as well as the growth process of cotton plant in the inner and outer rows. The experimental results indicated that the narrower-deeper-type soil wetting pattern in consequence of small dripping discharge resulted in lower uniformity of horizontal soil moisture, therefore resulted in lower distribution uniformity of cotton root system in soil and plant growth in field. While the wider-shallower-type soil wetting pattern in consequence of larger dripping discharge resulted in higher uniformity of horizontal soil moisture and higher distribution uniformity of cotton root system in soil and plant growth in field. The wider-shallower-type soil wetting pattern was appropriate to the plastic mulched drip irrigation technique.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Cotton - Irrigation - Soil moisture - Water supply - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Cotton plants - Cotton roots - Distribution uniformity - Drip irrigation - Drip irrigation systems - Field experiment - Growth process - In-field - Irrigation waters - Plant growth  - Plants - Root system - Soil wetting pattern - Theoretical basis
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 13>

Accession number:20113814343607
Title:Distribution features of soil pressure on dump truck cargo body
Authors:Liu, Dawei (1); Wang, Feng (1); Zhu, Longlong (1); Xia, Kun (2); Cheng, Xiaodong (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (2) Special Truck Company, China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Corp, Qingdao 266031, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, D.(qdldw@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:138-144
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to analyze the distribution of soil pressure on dump truck cargo body, based on the sliding plane hypothesis of coulumb earth pressure theory, the calculation formulas of active soil pressure acting on each plate of cargo body were deduced by using the thin layer element method, considering the complicated circumstances that the soil material was soil with cohesion and friction angle, the frictional and adhesive forces existed between soil material and cargo body and road slope. The distribution of soil pressure acting on each plate of cargo body was analyzed when cargo body was loaded sand and clay. The results indicated soil pressure acting on the rear plate and side plates had nonlinear variation, while on the front and the rear part of the bottom plate had linear variation. The soil pressure acting on the middle part of bottom plate was unchanged. The soil pressure on rear and bottom plates when vehicles ran on a road with 30% slope was both greater than flat road, while the soil pressure of side plate changed a little. The value of soil pressure on the rear plate was obviously greater than that was calculated by classical Rankine. When the truck was loaded dry coarse sand, dry fine sand, wet coarse sand, wet fine sand, the value of soil pressure increased by 255%, 174%, 310% and 255%. When the truck was loaded wet clay and medium clay, the value of soil pressure increased by 11% and 107%. The deduced calculation formula of active soil pressure acting on each plate of cargo body will provide scientific reference for structure design and performance analysis of dump truck.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Automobile bodies - Friction - Plates (structural components) - Pressure distribution - Roads and streets - Sand - Trucks
Uncontrolled terms:Active soils - Cargo body - Dump truck - Prossure - Static anlysis
Classification code:406.2 Roads and Streets - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 14>

Accession number:20113814343585
Title:Constructing methods of engineering integrative mode for protected horticulture
Authors:Qi, Fei (1); Zhou, Xinqun (1); Ding, Xiaoming (1); Wei, Xiaoming (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Facility Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China 
Corresponding author:Qi, F.(qf2008@188.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:1-7
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Protected horticulture, with a rapid increasement of investment and scale, is becoming more and more important in the agricultural modernization process of China. But problems with protected horticulture from both macro-view and micro-view are also more and more serious. Constructing a scientifical, integrated and systemic engineering integrative mode to direct and support the development of protected horticultural industry becomes a key approach to optimize the industry's development mode. This paper altered the mode constructing process to the process of a complex system and organization establishment. A systematic methodology was established through tools of systematics and method of combing reductionism with holism, self-organization with hetero-organization. The systematic methodology can be applied to construct integrative modes of technology, organization or industry, which is suitable for different levels of protected horticulture operating subjects such as growers, organizations and governments. Furthermore, an elementary evaluation indicator system for the engineering integrative mode was established. The study will lay methodological foundation for the construction of protected horticultural engineering integrative mode and effectively guide relative research and industry development of Chinese protected horticulture. The result will not only serve as reference for protected agriculture research, but also provide theoretics support for establishment of modern agricultural engineering system.
Number of references:37
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Engineering - Greenhouses - Industrial research
Uncontrolled terms:Development modes - Evaluation indicator system - Horticultural industry - Industry development - Integration - Methods - Mode - System - Systematic methodology
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 15>

Accession number:20113814343588
Title:Spatial and temporal distribution of Nitrogen in surface water and soil under scattering and fertigating ammonium-sulphate for border irrigation
Authors:Bai, Meijian (1); Xu, Di (1); Li, Yinong (1); Zhang, Shaohui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research, Beijing 100044, China; (2) Irrigation and Drainage Department, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China 
Corresponding author:Bai, M.(baimj@iwhr.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:19-24
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the field experiments for different fertilizing methods and inflow rates in the greening period of winter wheat, the spatial and temporal distribution of Nitrogen in soil and surface water were analyzed, and the factors affecting the distribution uniformity of Nitrogen in soil after irrigation were discussed. The results showed that the influence of inflow rate on the distribution of Nitrogen were not obvious, however the fertilizing methods had obvious effects on it. Under fertigation the spatial and temporal distribution difference of Nitrogen in surface water were not obvious, but it was very obvious for scattering fertilizer. The spatial distribution uniformity of Nitrogen in soil after irrigation can be well improved under fertigation, the coefficient of variation C<inf>v</inf> was about 0.07 at 1m soil depth, which was far smaller than that under scattering fertilizer. Under fertigation the distribution uniformity of Nitrogen had strong relation with the distribution of irrigation water, however under scattering fertilizer it was mainly related with the distribution of Nitrogen in surface water and the distribution of irrigation water. Fertigation was better than the scattering fertilizer in improving the distribution uniformity of Nitrogen and decreasing the loss of fertilizer during the irrigation, and it was easier for the joint management of water and fertilizer.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Ammonium compounds - Fertilizers - Irrigation - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Scattering - Soils - Spatial distribution - Surface waters - Water management  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium-sulphate - Border irrigation - Coefficient of variation - Distribution uniformity - Fertigating - Fertigations - Field experiment - Inflow rate - Irrigation waters - Soil depth  - Spatial and temporal distribution - Winter wheat
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 446 Waterworks - 444.1 Surface Water - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 16>

Accession number:20113814343647
Title:Optimum conditions of hot air treatment for inducing chilling tolerance of Chinese olive fruits during cold storage
Authors:Kong, Xiangjia (1); Lin, Hetong (1); Zheng, Junfeng (1); Lin, Yifen (1); Chen, Yihui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (2) Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 
Corresponding author:Lin, H.(hetonglin@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:371-376
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to develop technology for inducing chilling tolerance and alleviating chilling injury of Chinese olive (Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch)fruits during cold storage, freshly harvested 'Tanxiang' Chinese olive(Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch cv. Tanxiang)fruits were pre-treated with hot air at 30°C for 45 minutes, 38°C for 30 minutes, 40°C for 30 minutes, 42°C for 45 minutes, 50°C for 15 minutes and 60°C for 15 minutes, respectively, which were based on the preliminary studies of hot air conditions for alleviating chilling injury of cold-stored Chinese olive fruits, then the treated fruits stored at (2±1)°C and 90% relative humidity for 100 days. During fruit storage, chilling injury index of fruit, browning index of pericarp, browning degree of pulp, content of pericarp chlorophyll, respiration rate and cell membrane relative leakage rate of fruit were determined. The results showed that pre-treated with hot air at 38°C for 30 minutes could significantly decrease chilling injury of cold-stored Chinese olive fruits. There was a certain effect of alleviating chilling injury of cold-stored Chinese olive fruits when the fruit pre-treated with hot air at 30°C for 45 minutes, while pre-treated with hot air at 30°C for 45 minutes could accelerate the degradation of pericarp chlorophyll and promote the disruption of the integrity of cellular membrane structure of Chinese olive fruits during cold storage. Whereas, pre-treated with the other four kinds of hot air conditions could promote the occurrence of chilling injury of cold-stored Chinese olive fruits. From the results, it could conclude that pre-treated with hot air at 38°C for 30 minutes could be used as the optimum conditions of hot air treatment for inducing chilling tolerance and alleviating chilling injury of Chinese olive fruits during storage at (2±1)°C and 90% relative humidity.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Cell membranes - Chlorophyll - Cold storage - Cytology - Energy storage - Flexible structures - Quality control
Uncontrolled terms:Browning index - Chilling injury - Chilling tolerance - Chinese olive - Fruit storage - Hot air - Hot air treatment - Leakage rates - Optimum conditions - Respiration rate
Classification code:913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 694.4 Storage - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.065
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 17>

Accession number:20113814343600
Title:Hyper-spectral characteristics and modeling of black soil moisture content
Authors:Yao, Yanmin (1); Wei, Na (1); Tang, Pengqin (1); Li, Zhibin (1); Yu, Qiangyi (1); Xu, Xinguo (1); Chen, Youqi (1); He, Yingbin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Resources Remote Sensing and Digital Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 
Corresponding author:Yao, Y.(yao.ym@263.net)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:95-100
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The study aims to search for the hyper-spectral bands most sensitive to soil moisture content and their inversion model. Taking black soil in Jilin Province as the study object, the spectra of soil samples with different soil moisture content were measured by ASD FieldSpec FR at the indoor environment. Soil hyper-spectral characteristics were analyzed. The hyper-spectral reflectance data were transformed to several spectral indices to analyze the relationship of soil moisture and extract sensitive bands. Quantitative inversion model of soil moisture content was carried out by using the stepwise multiple linear regression and exponential analysis. Results showed that the sensitive bands of black soil spectral reflectance (R) and its transformation of the first derivate differential (R') and logarithm of the first derivate differential (lgR)' mainly focused in 400-410, 1400-1850 and 2050-2200 nm when the soil moisture was below field water holding capacity. The highest correlation coefficient between laboratory spectral data and soil moisture reached to 0.89 at 2156 nm. At bands of 1328, 1439, 1742 and 2156 nm, the prediction model of black soil moisture content was the best when using spectral reflectance logarithm of the first derivate differential for estimation. The coefficient of determination was 0.931. The hyper-spectral inversion model of black soil moisture content provides a new approach for rapid soil moisture monitoring.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Linear regression - Mathematical models - Models - Moisture control - Moisture determination - Reflection - Soil moisture - Soil surveys - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Black soil - Coefficient of determination - Correlation coefficient - Exponential analysis - Hyper-spectral characteristics - HyperSpectral - Indoor environment - Inversion models - Jilin Province - Moisture contents  - Prediction model - Reflectance data - Soil moisture monitoring - Soil sample - Spectral data - Spectral indices - Spectral inversion - Spectral reflectances - Stepwise multiple linear regression - Water holding capacity
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 18>

Accession number:20113814343629
Title:Self-adaptive predictive current control algorithm based on Lyapunov's direct method
Authors:Yu, Rongrong (1); Wei, Xueye (1); Wu, Xiaojin (1); Qin, Qingnu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China 
Corresponding author:Yu, R.(07111007@bjtu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:271-276
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to avoid the defect of neglecting resistance and disturbance signals for predictive current control algorithm, a self-adaptive control algorithm suitable for photovoltaic grid-connected inverter was proposed. The algorithm was designed based on Lyapunov's direct method, which could adaptively adjust the unknown parameters according to realtime data, on the premise of reaching control objective and stability. The errors caused by hypothesizing voltage or current and neglecting load resistance could be avoided, and robustness of controller could be improved to make it more robust to disturbances. The proposed algorithm was verified through simulation and experiments.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Adaptive algorithms
Controlled terms:Control systems - Electric current control - Lyapunov methods - Self adjusting control systems
Uncontrolled terms:Disturbance signals - Grid connected inverters - Inverter - Load resistances - Lyapunov - Lyapunov's direct method - Predictive control - Predictive current control - Reaching control - Real-time data  - Self adaptive control - Self-adaptive - Self-adjusting - Unknown parameters
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.047
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 19>

Accession number:20113814343632
Title:Design and effect of LED simulated illumination environment on intercropping population
Authors:Liu, Weiguo (1); Song, Ying (2); Zou, Junlin (1); Zhang, Yunsong (3); Mei, Linsen (1); Jiang, Tao (1); Yang, Wenyu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (2) College of Art and Sport, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; (3) College of Life and Basic Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, W.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:288-292
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Simulating effectively illumination environment indoor for the compound crop population is the basis for further study on molecular mechanism of intercropping system. Therefore a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp was designed as the light source for cultivating plant indoor. Three high powered LEDs, blue, red and far-red light which has most impact on crop growth were selected to compose the LED panel by a ratio of 1:3:3 in order to provide an uniform lighting; cooling fin, air passage and fan were used to cool the LED panel; PWM method was adopted to regulate the radiation intensity continuously and respectively. Moreover, maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system was employed to test the performance of the LED lamp by imitating two different light environments in line with the natural and two-crop-compound light environment in field while the light environment and crop growth indexes were measured; and the results show that the light environment of relay strip intercropping system was simulated suitably with the LED lamp; the light was uniform; the soybean grew in order and exhibited typical shade-avoidance responses.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms:Crops - Light emission - Light sources - Plants (botany) - Voltage control
Uncontrolled terms:Air passages - Crop growth - Far-red lights - Illuminant environment - In-field - In-line - Intercropping - LEd lamps - Light environment - Molecular mechanism  - Radiation intensity - Simulation - Soybean
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.050
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 20>

Accession number:20113814343650
Title:Process optimization of brewers' grains fermentation using photosynthetic bacteria to make fish feed
Authors:Zhang, Jian (1); Feng, Xueyu (1); Liu, Xiaobin (2); Xie, Gang (2); Fang, Qin (1); Luo, Hui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Life Science and Food Engineering College of Yibin University, Key Lab of Fermentation Resource and Application of Institutions of Higher Learning in Sichuan, Yibin 644005, China; (2) Yibin Corporation of Chongqing Beer Group, Yibin 644000, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, J.(zhangranjian@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:387-392
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to get high-quality fish feed from brewers' spent grains, an anaerobic fermentation installation was set up, and the brewers' grains as raw material were pretreated by anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria separated from drainage ditch of brewers' grains in a beer factory. The orthogonal experiments were conducted based on single factors to study the semisolid fermentation technique for anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria culture. The results showed that the satisfied fermentation effect was attained under the technical conditions of dry brewers' grains/water 1:9 (mass fraction), inoculation amount 9%, illumination intensity 1100 Lx, fermentation time 5 d, fermentation temperature 30°C, and material thickness 3 cm. After fermentation, the real protein concentration of brewers' grains increased from 17.0% to 41.6%, the cellulose concentration decreased from 15.3% to 7.0%, the crude fat concentration increased from 5.9% to 6.6%, the crude ash concentration increased from 3.8% to 4.1%, the total phosphorus concentration increased from 0.6% to 1.3%, and the water concentration of dried brewers' grains was 9.8%. All the six indices satisfied the China standard of Grass Carp's fingerling (SC/T 1024-2002). The results can provide references for making active photosynthetic bacteria fish feed from brewers' grains.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Bacteria
Controlled terms:Cellulose - Concentration (process) - Fermentation - Optimization - Phosphorus - Proteins
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic fermentation - Brewers' grains - Crude fat - Drainage ditches - Fermentation techniques - Fermentation temperature - Fish feed - Grass carp - High quality - Illumination intensity  - Mass fraction - Material thickness - Orthogonal experiment - Photosynthetic bacterias - Protein concentrations - Spent grains - Technical conditions - Total phosphorus - Water concentrations
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.068
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 21>

Accession number:20113814343605
Title:Kinematic analysis on Fourier curve non-circular gears transplanting mechanism
Authors:Li, Ge (1); Li, Hui (1); Yang, Aiqian (2); Fang, Minghui (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) ZheJiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (2) Hengshui University, Hengshui 053000, China; (3) Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou 313000, China 
Corresponding author:Li, G.(lige918@yahoo.com.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:126-131
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the work quality of rice transplanter, reduce the phenomena of seeding-push, seeding-drift, seeding-down, seeding-bypass, a new type of Fourier pitch curve non-circulars gears transplanting mechanism was proposed. By establishing its kinematic model and using computer analysis and optimization software, the rule of kinematics of the transplanting mechanism was analyzed and effect of variable parameters of the transplanting mechanism on the motion trail of the planting claws and the planting was analyzed. The kinematic simulation results of the transplanting mechanism showed that the locus was kidney-shaped. Taking seedling angle, planting angle, track height and planting cave meet the planting requirements, meanwhile, the transplanting mechanism has the features of the pitch curve flexibly changeable, large range of transmission ratio.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Kinematics
Controlled terms:Curve fitting - Design - Fourier transforms - Gears - Optimization - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Computer analysis - Fourier - Kinematic Analysis - Kinematic model - Kinematic simulations - Non-circular gears - Optimization software - Pitch curve - Rice transplanter - Transmission ratios  - Transplanters - Variable parameters - Work quality
Classification code:408 Structural Design - 601.2 Machine Components - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 22>

Accession number:20113814343634
Title:Biodeposition of suspended particles in fresh seawater for industrial aquaculture by filter-feeding bivalves
Authors:Zhang, Yanqing (1); Zhang, Shaojun (1); Zhou, Yi (2); Liu, Ying (2); Xu, Yang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Y.(yizhou@qdio.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:299-303
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is so slow to remove these materials though gravity sedimentation; and other methods will consume large energy as general mechanical filter or foam separation. In this study, In order to remove the suspended particles in fresh seawater for industrial seawater aquaculture. we chose two kinds of filter-feeding bivalves, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis for biodeposition of suspended particles. The biological deposition rate(BDR) by spot experiments in different times was calculated, and the efficiency of removing the suspended particles in reservoir with fresh seawater by these two kinds of bivalves was assessed. The results showed that when the temperature of reservoir was at 17-25°C, bio-deposition rates of the two kinds of filter-feeding bivalves were 1.08-1.32 g/(ind&middotd) (Crassostrea gigas) and 0.65~0.85 g/(ind&middotd) (Mytilus galloprovincialis), respectively. Compared with no bivalves in reservoir, the bio-deposition rates with cultivation of a large number of bivalves in the reservoir was higher than no bivalves. The study shows that filter-feeding bivalve could remove suspended particles in fresh seawater and reduce the treatment load of fresh seawater.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Seawater
Controlled terms:Aquaculture - Deposition - Deposition rates - Feeding - Pollution - Shellfish
Uncontrolled terms:Biodeposition - Blue mussels - Crassostrea gigas - Filter-feeding - Foam separation - Gravity sedimentation - Mechanical filters - Mytilus galloprovincialis - Pacific oyster - Spot experiments  - Suspended particles
Classification code:813.1 Coating Techniques - 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 617 Turbines and Steam Turbines - 471.5 Sea as Source of Minerals and Food - 471.4 Seawater, Tides and Waves - 461.9 Biology - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.052
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 23>

Accession number:20113814343616
Title:Profile data acquisition and quantitative analysis of the pronotum of oriental mole cricket
Authors:Gao, Hang (1); Li, Yuzhu (1); Tong, Jin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Henan University of Science and Technology, LuoYang 471003, China; (2) Jilin University, ChangChun 130025, China 
Corresponding author:Tong, J.(jtong@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:201-205
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To reveal the action of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister)'s pronotum in digging caves, 3D-scanner was used to obtain the outer contour data of the oriental mole cricket's pronotum in this paper. The geometrical surface of the pronotum was reconstructed by reverse engineering software. Extracted The section curves of the pronotum was extracted and analyzed using Matlab software to got the curve fitting expression. The results show that, the curvature change of the vertical section is small, the change of every curvature of the vertical section and cross section is basically in accordance. The results indicate that the particular geometrical morphology of the oriental mole cricket's pronotum plays an important role in digging caves. The research can be a foundation for the research of the hole reaming working parts in construction machinery.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Curve fitting
Controlled terms:Bionics - Caves - Chemical analysis - Construction equipment - Data acquisition - Machinery - Reverse engineering - Three dimensional
Uncontrolled terms:3-D scanner - Construction machinery - Cross section - Engineering software - Geometrical morphology - Geometrical surfaces - Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister - Matlab- software - Mole cricket - Section curve  - Vertical section - Working parts
Classification code:804 Chemical Products Generally - 801 Chemistry - 731.1 Control Systems - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 481.1 Geology - 405.1 Construction Equipment - 601 Mechanical Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 24>

Accession number:20113814343638
Title:Sustainability of farmland ecosystem with high yield based on emergy analysis method
Authors:Zhao, Guishen (1); Jiang, Haoru (2); Wu, Wenliang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Ecology and Ecological Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (2) School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, G.(zhgsh@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:318-323
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Whether the regional farmland ecosystem with high yield is sustainable or not is a key issue concerned food security. Based on the methods of emergy analysis and household questionnaire investigation, this paper studied the changes of the total amount of emergy input and output, the structure of emergy input and output and the comprehensive indexes of sustainable development from 1996 to 2006 in Huantai County with high yield in North China. The results showed that during the last 10 years, the total amount of emergy input rised by 26.50% while total amount of emergy output only rised by 5.71% per hectare; from the perspective of the structure of emergy, the farmland ecosystem used less organic energy and more natural resources and industrial energy; according to the comprehensive indexes of sustainable development, the environmental load ratio was increased that showed the environment carried more pressure; the emergy yield ratio was decreased; the emergy sustainable index was decreased which showed that the sustainability of farmland ecosystem in Huantai County was reduced.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Ecosystems
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Farms - Food supply - Planning - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms:Emergy analysis - Emergy yield ratio - Environmental loads - Farmland ecosystem - Food security - High yield - Industrial energy - Input and outputs - North China - Output only
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 404.2 Civil Defense - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 911.2 Industrial Economics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.056
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 25>

Accession number:20113814343598
Title:Effects of high-TDS on capillary rise of phreatic water in sand soil
Authors:Li, Xianwen (1); Zhou, Jinlong (1); Zhao, Yujie (2); Liu, Yanfeng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, J.(zjzhoujl@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:84-89
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Capillary rise is a significant contributor of soil salinity in extremely arid areas and is highly dependent on soil grains and total dissolved solids (TDS) in phreatic water. In this paper, experiments about effects of different grains of sand soil and TDS of phreatic water (1, 30, 100, 250 g/L) on capillary rise were conduced. The results showed that the height of capillary rise was steadily increasing in later stage of experiments and TDS had significant effects on capillary rise. For coarse sand, the higher TDS made the lower height of capillary rise. But for fine sand, the height of capillary rise of 1g/L was obviously larger than others. The sequence of height from lower to larger of capillary rise in silt was 30, 100, 250 and 1g/L. At the beginning of experiments about coarse sand, the higher TDS made the lower velocity of capillary rise, but other soil groups were not. Compared to high-TDS condition, the grain of sand soil was a more primary controlling factor of capillary rise. The research indicates that high-TDS not only changes the gravity of capillary water but also the pore size of soil during the period of capillary rise in fine sand.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Soils
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Capillarity - Experiments - Moisture - Sand
Uncontrolled terms:Arid area - Capillary rise - Capillary water - Controlling factors - Fine sand - Phreatic water - Sand soils - Soil groups - Soil salinity - Total dissolved solids
Classification code:443 Meteorology - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 444 Water Resources - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 26>

Accession number:20113814343628
Title:Sensor nodes deployment based on regular patterns in farmland environmental monitoring
Authors:Liu, Hui (1); Meng, Zhijun (2); Xu, Min (1); Shang, Yuanyuan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Information Engineering College, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China 
Corresponding author:Meng, Z.(mengzj@nercita.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:265-270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To realize feasible wireless sensor nodes deployment in farmland environmental monitoring, the sampling range r<inf>s</inf> and the communication range r<inf>c</inf> were proposed for deployment decision based on application requirements. Systematic random deployment and systematic regular deployment in patterns such as triangular lattice, square lattice and hexagon lattice were described in the paper, and the maximum lattice side in each pattern was also given. In addition, deployment cost and connectivity in these three regular patterns were discussed. The method can provide a reference for decision of sensor nodes deployment in farmland environmental monitoring.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Sensor nodes
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Electric network synthesis - Environmental engineering - Farms
Uncontrolled terms:Application requirements - Communication range - Deployment costs - Environmental Monitoring - Random deployment - Regular patterns - Square lattices - Triangular lattice - Wireless sensor - Wireless sensor node
Classification code:454 Environmental Engineering - 703.1.2 Electric Network Synthesis - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 27>

Accession number:20113814343626
Title:Comparison and mathematical analysis of locust phototactic response to spectral illumination
Authors:Liu, Qihang (1); Zhou, Qiang (1); Niu, Huli (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering College of China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Zhou, Q.(zq@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:252-256
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Photoelectric inducing and trapping locusts is a technology for utilizing locust's resource and avoiding environmental pollution of pesticide. To investigate the appropriate spectral illumination of locust's photoelectric inducement, different spectral illumination of light sources were tested comparatively on locust's photoelectric response using LED light source and phototactic behavioural trial equipment. On the basis of the comparative data of experiment, by establishing the mathematical model of locust's photoelectric response to different spectral illumination, the scope of different spectral illumination threshold on locust's phototactic response rate was analyzed, and the principle of different spectral illumination influence on the locust's phototactic effect was discussed. The results show that under the same illumination of light source, locust's inner phototactic response to purple light is the best, blue-green-purple light is the next. The result of mathematical solution show that locust's phototactic response to its sensitive spectra has the requirement of the highest phototactic illumination threshold and the lowest phototactic sensitive threshold, and locust's phototactic response to purple light is the lowest. Spectrum and light intensity influence the sensitive degree of locust's phototactic response, so enhancing light intensity of locust's sensitive spectrum can stimulate locust and intensify its phototactic response. In a certain range of illumination threshold, we can attain the approaching effect of locust's phototactic response to purple light through reinforcing the light intensity of blue-green-purple light.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms:Insecticides - Light sources - Lighting - Mathematical models - Photoelectricity - Pollution control
Uncontrolled terms:Comparative data - Crop protection - Environmental pollutions - LED light source - Light intensity - Mathematical analysis - Mathematical solutions - Photoelectric response - Phototactic response - Response rate  - Threshold
Classification code:454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 707 Illuminating Engineering - 741.1 Light/Optics - 744 Lasers - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 28>

Accession number:20113814343591
Title:Effect of brackish water irrigation on water and salt movement in repellent soils
Authors:Liu, Chuncheng (1); Li, Yi (1); Guo, Lijun (1); Guan, Bingyi (1); Liao, Yiqun (1); Wang, Juan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 71200, China 
Corresponding author:Li, Y.(liyikitty@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:39-45
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The existence of soil water-repellency had impacts on crop yields. In order to study soil water and salt movements of water-repellent soils irrigated by brackish water, laboratory soil column infiltration experiments were conducted. Impacts of different mineralization degrees and different water-repellency degrees on the movements of soil water and soil salt were compared for two soil textures. The variations of soil water-repellency during infiltration were also discussed. The results showed that infiltration ability of non-water-repellent soils increased with the increase of mineralization degrees. Both the infiltration rates of wettable and repellent soils could be simply fitted by Kostiakov equation. For the water repellent soils, the infiltration ability was largest at mineral degree of 1g/L, but decreased with the increase of mineralization degree when mineralization degree were larger than 1g/L. There was good linear relationship between cumulative infiltration and the wetting front distance when irrigated by brackish water. Soil water content and soil salt content at the same depth of the water repellent soil profiles were smaller than those of the wettable soil profiles. To some extent, soil water repellency was caused after irrigated by brackish water. This work indicated that brackish water irrigation had some impacts on distributions of soil water and soil salt as well as water-repellency of salinized soil.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Soil moisture
Controlled terms:Infiltration - Irrigation - Mineralogy - Salts - Seepage - Water - Waterproofing
Uncontrolled terms:Brackish water - Crop yield - Infiltration rate - Kostiakov equations - Linear relationships - Mineralization degree - Soil column - Soil profiles - Soil salt content - Soil textures  - Soil water - Soil water content - Soil water repellency - Water repellency - Water repellent soils - Wetting fronts
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 482 Mineralogy - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 29>

Accession number:20113814343640
Title:Risk grade assessment for farmland pollution of heavy metals in Beijing
Authors:Jiang, Feifei (1); Sun, Danfeng (1); Li, Hong (2); Zhou, Liandi (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (2) Institute of Comprehensive Research, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 10097, China 
Corresponding author:Sun, D.(sundf@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:330-337
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to fully investigate the environmental pollution risks of Heavy Metals and its spatial distribution in Beijing cultivated soils, environmental risk of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Hg in 1018 soil samples were evaluated using Hakanson potential ecological risk index, and the probability distribution maps of their risk were produced by indicator Kriging method, also their spatial distribution were analyzed. The results showed that the heavy metals' environmental risk of Beijing reached medium level and low level, and the respective samples ratio of low, moderate, severe and very serious risk level was 42.63%, 34.97%, 18.57% and 3.83%. The risks of Cd and Hg were at a higher level, the risks of Cr, Ni, and Zn were relatively slight. Risk probability map indicates that the urban fringe around the city, Daxing, Tongzhou, and Miyun are in the high-risk areas.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Risk assessment
Controlled terms:Cadmium - Copper - Heavy metals - Interpolation - Lead - Metals - Probability distributions - Rating - Soil pollution - Soil surveys  - Soils - Spatial distribution - Zinc
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivated soils - Environmental pollutions - Environmental risks - Hakanson index - High-risk areas - Indicator Kriging - Low level - Potential ecological risk - Risk grade - Risk levels  - Risk probabilities - Soil sample
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 922.1 Probability Theory - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 544.1 Copper - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 546.1 Lead and Alloys
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.058
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 30>

Accession number:20113814343621
Title:Positioning method of vehicle navigation system based on improved particle filter
Authors:Ji, Ying (1); Zhang, Man (2); Liu, Gang (2); Liu, Zhaoxiang (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Science and Technology Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, G.(pac@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:227-231
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In agriculture machinery navigation system, Kalman filter is widely used, but it is not good for non-linear system. An improved particles filter methodology used in data fusion was discussed to fuse the data for the better position information. The method involves three parts, the first is anti-outlie step to reduce the error effectively made by GPS; the second is to induct the UKF as the important function, and resample to avoid the degradation; the third is to use MCMC step to reduce the sample impoverishment. The simulation results show that the improved particle filter method can increase the accuracy and reduce the position error. The method can meet the requirements of agriculture machinery navigation.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Navigation systems
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Data fusion - Linear systems - Machinery - Navigation - Nonlinear filtering
Uncontrolled terms:Agriculture machinery - MCMC - Non-linear model - Particle filter - Resampling
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 731.1 Control Systems - 961 Systems Science - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 601 Mechanical Design - 434.4 Waterway Navigation - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 31>

Accession number:20113814343606
Title:Air-impingement rotary drying experiments of Elymus dahuricus seeds
Authors:Yao, Xuedong (1); Gao, Zhenjiang (2); Lin, Hai (1); Xiao, Hongwei (2); Wang, Lihong (1); Zhang, Qian (1); Meng, Hewei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Drying Technology and Equipment Laboratory, College of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Gao, Z.(zjgao@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:132-137
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For studying the impact of air-impingement rotary drying structural parameters (nozzle diameter, nozzle height and nozzle angle) and process parameters (air temperature, wind speed and rotor speed) changes in the drying rate and germination rate of herbage seeds, air-impingement rotary drying technology was applied to Elymus dahuricus seeds. A predicted model of the average drying rate was established through the application of Design-Expert 7.0 software to optimize the experimental design. Experimental results showed that air-impingement rotary drying technology was better for Elymus dahuricus seeds drying and the drying results reached national first-class seed quality standard. Within the experimental conditions, the effects of air temperature, wind speed, the interaction of air temperature and nozzle angle, the interaction of wind speed and rotary speed on the average drying rate were significant and the size of the order was air temperature > wind speed > the interaction of wind speed and rotary speed > the interaction of air temperature and nozzle angle. The effects of all factors and their two-factor interactions on germination rate were not significant. This research can provide technical reference for applying the air-impingement rotary drying technology in Elymus dahuricus seeds drying.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Air quality standards - Atmospheric temperature - Cultivation - Design - Experiments - Nozzles - Seed - Speed - Wind effects
Uncontrolled terms:Air temperature - Design-expert - Drying rates - Experimental conditions - Germination rates - Nozzle angle - Nozzle diameter - Process parameters - Rotary drying - Rotary speed  - Rotor speed - Seed quality - Structural parameter - Wind speed
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 642.1 Process Heating - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 408 Structural Design
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 32>

Accession number:20113814344636
Title:Separation efficiency analysis and numerical simulation of lubricant separator inner flow field
Authors:Zhao, Zhiguo (1); Shi, Boqiang (1); Li, Yan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (2) School of Traffic Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, Z.(zhaozhiguo2010@sohu.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:163-168
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For researching on disc separator's inner flow field, the numerical method was an important means to optimize the design. Aimed at lubricant disc separator, the numerical simulations of inner oil-fluid-solid separation process and separation efficiency were completed by using VOF multiphase flow model, RNG k-Ε turbulence model and discrete phase model. The simulation results showed that laminar flow was in the discs space and turbulence folw was in the center hole and disc edge, and the inlet velocity had little influence on the result of oil-water separation but had a greater impact on the solid particles separation. The solid particles' separation efficiency maximum relative error between the calculated and the measured was 1.5%, and when the rated capacity was 700 L/h and the inlet velocity was 2.5 m/s, the separation efficiency was 97.2%, which satisfied the design requirement. The results indicates that the three-phase flow analysis method is available, the method is very importance to optimize the structure design of disc separator. At the same time, it can reduce the time and cost required for experiments.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Inlet flow
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Design - Efficiency - Flow fields - Flow simulation - Laminar flow - Lubricants - Multiphase flow - Numerical methods - Optimization  - Separators - Solid lubricants - Turbulence models
Uncontrolled terms:Design requirements - Discrete phase model - Inlet velocity - Inner flow field - Maximum relative errors - Multi-phase flow models - Oil water separation - Separation efficiency - Separation process - Solid particles  - Structure design - Three-phase flow
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 913.1 Production Engineering - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 723.5 Computer Applications - 607.1 Lubricants - 408 Structural Design - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 33>

Accession number:20113814343589
Title:Water production function and optimal irrigation schedules for onion with drip irrigation and mulch of plastic film in arid region
Authors:Zheng, Jianhua (1); Huang, Guanhua (1); Huang, Quanzhong (1); Wang, Jun (1); Jia, Dongdong (1); Zheng, Kezhen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, G.(ghuang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:25-30
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate a water-saving, high yield and efficient irrigation schedule for onion in arid region of Northwest China, a two-year field experiment with regulated deficit irrigation for onion has been conducted. Crop evapotranspiration and its influencing factors for onion were analyzed, crop water production function was established, and the optimal irrigation schedule for onion was determined. Results showed that the crop evapotranspiration of onion with drip irrigation under mulch of plastic film was 170.1-395.7 mm. With the increasing of irrigation and crop evapotranspiration, the onion bulb yield increased, while the water use efficiency decreased. Onion bulb yield and water use efficiency were not significantly affected by water stress during the establishment and ripening stages. The sensitive index was found the largest at the bulbification stage, followed by the development stage and relatively small at the establishment and ripening stages. Higher onion bulb yield can be obtained when the irrigation depth was up to 375 mm in drought years in arid region of Northwest China. The recommended amount of irrigation is 30-40, 130-140, 170-190 mm and 25 mm for the stages of establishment, development, bulbification and ripening, respectively, and the irrigation intervals are 5 days. The optimal irrigation schedule is expected to provide scientific implications for water-saving irrigation of onion crops in the arid region of Northwest China.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Arid regions - Crops - Efficiency - Evapotranspiration - Forestry - Functions - Optimization - Plants (botany) - Plastic films - Water conservation  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Crop evapotranspiration - Crop water production function - Development stages - Drip irrigation - Field experiment - High yield - Influencing factor - Irrigation depth - Irrigation interval - Irrigation schedule  - NorthWest China - Onion - Onion crops - Regulated deficit irrigation - Sensitive index - Water production - Water stress - Water use efficiency - Water-saving - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 817.1 Polymer Products - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 461.9 Biology - 444.1 Surface Water - 444 Water Resources - 443 Meteorology - 446.1 Water Supply Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 34>

Accession number:20113814343613
Title:Process mechanism of wear-resisting gradient borides material on cast surface by FEM analysis of temperature field
Authors:Song, Yuepeng (1); Liu, Hongjie (3); Li, Xuechao (1); Kim, Hyoug Soep (2); Lee, Chong Soo (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea, Republic of; (3) College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (4) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machineries and Equipments, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China 
Corresponding author:Song, Y.(ustbsong@sina.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:184-188
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The temperature during the fabrication of wear-resisting functional gradient borides material (FGM) on cast surface was simulated and verified by using ANSYS10.0 program. The simulation results agreed very well with the experimental ones. The process mechanism of wear-resisting FGM at different positions was investigated. The results indicate that the temperature variation at different positions of the gradient alloying powders block will affect the quality of FGM. The temperature of inner and medium layer of block is higher and the duration continues longer, which leads the FGM more strongly. However, because of the temperature quick-drop in the alloy powders block on corners, lower amount in outer layer, many defects and poor quality will proceed. Further results indicate that the thermal conductivity of sand mold and the high fraction of binder alloying for the low melt point in the block will affect the quality of FGM.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Thermal conductivity
Controlled terms:Alloying - Alloys - Borides - Cerium alloys - Computer simulation - Powders - Surfaces - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Alloy powder - Cast surface - FEM analysis - Functional gradient - Outer layer - Process mechanisms - Sand mold - Temperature field - Temperature variation
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.5 Computer Applications - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 547.2 Rare Earth Metals - 536 Powder Metallurgy - 531.1 Metallurgy
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 35>

Accession number:20113814343625
Title:Computation and simulation of intensity distribution of black light lamp
Authors:Lu, Jun (1); Teng, Ziwen (2); Tan, Zuojun (1); Chen, Jianjun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China 
Corresponding author:Tan, Z.(tanzuojun@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:247-251
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the relevant knowledge of photometry, the intensity distribution of a black light lamp on work platform was computed and measured, then simulated by using Matlab. A physical model of the black light lamp was established and the formula of radiated intensity was deduced at each point of the work platform via some reasonable assumptions. The simulation and experimental result clearly showed that one hour after the black light lamp had been switched on, the distribution of light intensity was gradually stabilized and a 30cm × 20cm steady rectangle light field varying within 12.5% could be obtained. Furthermore, the result manifested that using the LED light source array instead of the black light lamp could obviously improve the uniformity and stability of the intensity distribution of the light field.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Light sources - MATLAB - Models - Ultraviolet radiation
Uncontrolled terms:Black light lamps - Black lightlamp - Intensity distribution - LED light source - Light fields - Light intensity - Physical model
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 36>

Accession number:20113814343615
Title:Mechanism of vibratory fruit harvest and review of current advance
Authors:Chen, Du (1); Du, Xiaoqiang (2); Wang, Shumao (1); Zhang, Qin (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (3) Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, United States 
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(wangshumao@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:195-200
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In recent years, fruit tree mechanical harvest technologies were widely and intensively investigated in developed countries due to continuously rising labor cost. Some significant accomplishments have been published regarding new methods of fruit harvest and development of harvest machine. The dynamic model of 'tree-machine' harvest system was analyzed in this paper at first, and the essential elements and design procedure of continuous harvest machine were also briefly summarized. The latest research status of vibratory fruit harvest was introduced and existing technologies were then classified into four different kinds of groups which were then analyzed accordingly. Finally, the prospects of vibratory harvesting technology were discussed.
Number of references:44
Main heading:Harvesting
Controlled terms:Cost accounting - Dynamic models - Dynamics - Employment - Fruits - Machine design - Machinery - Orchards - Plant extracts - Wages
Uncontrolled terms:Design procedure - Developed countries - Essential elements - Fruit trees - Labor costs - Mechanical harvest - Vibratory
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 921 Mathematics - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 911.1 Cost Accounting - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 601 Mechanical Design - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 37>

Accession number:20113814343602
Title:Rainfall analysis on slope land of wind-water erosion crisscross region in northern Loess Plateau
Authors:Huang, Jinbai (1); Fu, Qiang (1); Wang, Bin (1); Hiroshi, Yasuda (2); Zheng, Jiyong (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Architecture of Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (2) Arid Land Research Center of Tottori University, Tottori 680-0001, Japan; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China 
Corresponding author:Fu, Q.(fuqiang@neau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:108-114
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to clarify rainfall characteristics, and to provide scientific basis for researches on soil erosion, development and utility on rainfall and surface runoff of the wind-water erosion crisscross region in the northern Loess Plateau, rainfall analysis were performed on the slope land of the Liudaogou Basin in the rainy season in the five years (2006-2010). The observed rainfall data was separated on the time axis by different time intervals of 3 min, 5 min, 10 min and 1 h using Box Car Pro 4.3 software. Rain intensity, distribution of rain duration and rainfall were analyzed. The results showed that the maximum rain intensity of 3 min, 5 min, 10 min and 1 h were 2.2, 2.08, 1.68 and 0.70 mm/min, respectively; average rain intensity of the total rain duration in the rainy season of the five years (2006-2010) were 0.12, 0.09, 0.06 and 0.03 mm/min, respectively; with increasing of the time interval the rain intensity decreased; the event probability of the low rain intensity was much higher than that of the high rain intensity for all series of time intervals; the event probability for 3 min rain intensity > 1 mm/min, 5 min rain intensity >1 mm/min, 10 min rain intensity >0.8 mm/min and 1 h rain intensity > 0.4 mm/min were 0.4%, 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1%, respectively. The number of rainfall events whose rain duration was less than 30 min accounted for approximately 50% of the total rainfall events, and the number of rain duration > 2 h accounted for approximately 23% of the total; the number of rain duration > 12 h only accounted for 2.6% of the total rainfall events. The number of rainfall events whose rainfall was no more than 1 mm accounted for approximately 50% of the annual mean whereas their total rainfall only accounted for less than 7% of average annual precipitation; annual mean of the rainfall events whose rainfall was more than 20 mm was 5, and the total rainfall of such rainfall events exceeded 20% of average annual precipitation. The rainfall characteristics on the slope land of the wind-water erosion crisscross region in the northern Loess Plateau were clarified to a certain degree.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Rain
Controlled terms:Erosion - Infiltration - Wind
Uncontrolled terms:Annual mean - Average annual precipitation - Event probability - Liudaogou Basin - Loess Plateau - Rain intensity - Rainfall analysis - Rainfall characteristics - Rainfall data - Rainfall event  - Rainy seasons - Soil erosion - Surface runoffs - Time axis - Time interval - Total rainfall - Wind-water erosion crisscross region
Classification code:407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 443.3 Precipitation - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 38>

Accession number:20113814343642
Title:Clustering method of unknown sort samples based on near infrared spectroscopy
Authors:Xu, Yun (1); Wu, Jingzhu (2); Wang, Yiming (1); Wang, Wenxin (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; (2) School of Information Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100037, China; (3) College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, W.(wwxin@cau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:345-349
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the case of a large numbers of samples participating in the modeling, classification modeling on the sample set could reduce the range of variation of the sample, and improve the prediction capability of the model. In this paper, 222 wheat samples across China were used as modeling sample. Combined with near-infrared spectral information of samples, the sample set was classified by probing-based unknown classes samples clustering methods (nearest neighbor approximation and maximum-minimum distance algorithm), under the condition that the component content of samples and type of ownership were unknown. When the threshold of the nearest neighbor approximation algorithm was 1.9, and the threshold of the maximum-minimum distance algorithm was half of the maximum distance, the classification model indicators were better than unclassified model. The classification process and results indicated that many times of training was not a necessity with the probing-based method of sample clustering with unknown categories, but the classification threshold need to be determined, the classification changing accordingly with different threshold values. This study provided a reference method for unknown category sample classification during the near-infrared modeling process.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Cluster analysis
Controlled terms:Approximation algorithms - Classification (of information) - Clustering algorithms - Infrared devices - Near infrared spectroscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Classification models - Classification process - Clustering methods - Distance algorithm - Maximum distance - Modeling process - Near Infrared - Nearest neighbors - Prediction capability - Reference method  - Sample classification - Sample sets - Spectral information - Unknown class
Classification code:716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 721 Computer Circuits and Logic Elements - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 921 Mathematics - 922 Statistical Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.060
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 39>

Accession number:20113814343593
Title:Estimating method of irrigation and drainage engineering technical parameters for coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation in Tianjin
Authors:Zhang, Jinlong (1); Zhang, Qing (1); Wang, Zhenyu (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin TEDA Landscape Construction Limited Company, Tianjin 300457, China; (2) Tianjin Engineering Center of Saline-alkali Soil Eco-landscaping, Tianjin 300457, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Q.(localplant@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:52-55
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to control the quality of irrigation and drainage, save water and land resources and reduce the cost of saline-alkali soil reclamation, it was necessary to design rationally irrigation and drainage engineering technical parameters. The paper proposed a new method to estimate technical parameters of irrigation and drainage engineering for coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation in Tianjin. It was assumed that soil was a homogeneous and isotropic porous medium, and the depth of flooded water on the surface of the land was very small. Under the condition of flooded leaching and draining, the water flow state can be considered two-dimensional steady. Based on Vedernikov infiltration equation, Van der Molen leaching equation and water balance equation, the solution for technical parameters was established. The proposed method was demonstrates through a case on reclamation of coastal saline-alkali soil by leaching and draining, and the results were more consistent with experience values in practical engineering. The research provided guidance for planning and design of saline-alkali soil improvement in Tianjin.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Saline water
Controlled terms:Drainage - Irrigation - Land reclamation - Leaching - Porous materials - Salts - Soils - Wastewater reclamation - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms:Drainage engineering - Estimating method - Isotropic porous medium - Land resources - Planning and design - Practical engineering - Soil improvement - Technical parameters - Tianjin - Water balance equation  - Water flows
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 502 Mines and Quarry Equipment and Operations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 951 Materials Science - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 442.2 Land Reclamation - 442 Flood Control; Land Reclamation - 406 Highway Engineering - 401 Bridges and Tunnels - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 40>

Accession number:20113814343645
Title:Extrusion mechanical properties of fresh litchi
Authors:Chen, Yan (1); Cai, Weiliang (1); Zou, Xiangjun (1); Xiang, Heping (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Y.(cy123@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:360-364
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reduce the mechanical damage of litchi in harvesting, storage and transportation, and provide the design basis for operation equipment, the geometric characteristics of fresh litchi were determined in this paper, the extrusion tests were conducted for litchi under different loading conditions. Moreover, tensile tests were carried out for the hulls of fresh litchi. The rupture force of cultivar Feizixiao and Guiwei were 76.46-112.90 N and 38.67-53.83 N under five loading rates and two loading directions, while the relative deformation were 27.93%-32.57% and 18.87%-21.27%, and the elastic modulus were 2.52-4.69 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> Pa and 4.26-5.93 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> Pa. The results of tests showed that the anti-extrusion capacity of litchi fruit was anisotropic and was stronger in the vertical direction than in horizontal direction. The anisotropy of cultivar Feizixiao was more significant than Guiwei, and its anti-extrusion capacity was also greater than Guiwei. The loading rate in this experiment had no significant anti-extrusion capacity. Therefore, litchi fruit can be simplified as uniform thickness shell sphere, and its stone was elongated ellipsoid. According to simplified structure and anisotropy of hulls, the mechanical principle of extrusion properties and cracking characteristics were analyzed. The results can provide a theoretical basis for litchi harvesting, processing and transporting.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Mechanical properties
Controlled terms:Anisotropy - Extrusion - Fruits - Loading - Spheres - Tensile strength - Tensile testing
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivar - Geometric characteristics - Hulls - Litchi fruit - Loading condition - Loading direction - Loading rate - Mechanical damages - Mechanical principles - Relative deformation  - Rupture forces - Tensile tests - Theoretical basis - Vertical direction
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 672 Naval Vessels - 631 Fluid Flow - 535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice - 422.2 Strength of Building Materials : Test Methods - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.063
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 41>

Accession number:20113814343601
Title:Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization rate on yield and nitrogen utilization of winter wheat in dryland of Loess Plateau
Authors:Wang, Bing (1); Liu, Wenzhao (2); Dang, Tinghui (2); Gao, Changqing (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Changwu Centre of Agricultural Technology Extension of Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 713600, China 
Corresponding author:Liu, W.(wzliu@iswc.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:101-107
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on long term positioned fertilization experiment of rainfed farmland ecosystem in the Middle and South Loess Plateau, effect of nitrogen rate and phosphorus rate on crop yield, nitrogen absorption and utilization in two precipitation-type years were researched by selecting ten treatments. Crop yield increased rapidly with increasing nitrogen in the range of 0-45 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> during average year and 0-90 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> during dry year, while there were little difference out of this range. In the range of 0-45 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> crop yield could be improved rapidly but phosphorus application reduced harvesting index in dry year. Nitrogen absorptions by crop had a similar tendency with yields while nitrogen and phosphorus application changing. Nitrogen harvesting indexes under different nitrogen rates had no significant difference in both precipitation years, but increased with increasing phosphorus rates in dry year and had no significant difference in average year. Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) decreased with increasing nitrogen rates in average year while there was no significant difference in dry year among nitrogen rate treatments. Phosphorus application improved NUE while little difference to higher phosphorus rate treatments. Yield had a significant relationship with nitrogen absorption which was expressed to quadratic curve and hence NUE decreased with nitrogen absorption to linear curve in dry year. Nitrogen and phosphorus application combined with temperate rate were important for ensuring higher nitrogen absorption and NUE, at the same time, higher yield could be obtained and preventing drought ability of winter wheat could be stronger for in dryland on the Loess Plateau.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Absorption - Crops - Ecosystems - Phosphorus - Precipitation (chemical)
Uncontrolled terms:Crop yield - Dryland - Farmland ecosystem - Fertilization - Fertilization experiment - Fertilization rates - Higher yield - Linear curve - Loess Plateau - Nitrogen absorption  - Nitrogen rate - Nitrogen utilization - Quadratic curves - Rainfed - Winter wheat
Classification code:454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 42>

Accession number:20113814343594
Title:Application of nutrient and super absorbent polymer compound and effect of fertilizer slow-release
Authors:Yue, Zhengwen (1); Wang, Baitian (1); Wang, Hongliu (2); Yang, Hao (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, B.(wbaitian@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:56-62
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To explore the slow-release and water-saving effect of mixture of super absorbent polymers and fertilizer, In this paper, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, three nutrients necessary for plants, were mixed with superabsorbent polymer to produce a compound named compound-SAP that was able to retain these nutrients and water in an enduring way. The efficacy of the compound-SAP was tested by using plot method and applying it to plants divided into different treatments and comparing its effects on them by observing Plant growth indicators and N, P and K content of plant and plant water content. The results showed: there was not a significant difference between the emergence rates of the reference sample and treated with the compound concerned, mixed fertilizers or superabsorbent polymers of different particle sizes. The seedling growth of treated with the compound-SAP was 12-47 percent higher than that of the reference, and the biomass of the group treated with the compound was 1.3-5.6 times higher than that of the reference; the treated with compound SAP was able to significant increase water content and flow of water of plant; the biomass of the group with the same level of fertilizer treatment was 3.88 times higher than the average. The nitrogen apparent utilization rate of the group treated with the compound was 0.2-1.9 times larger than that of the group treated with fertilizers of the same nutrient level, the phosphorus apparent utilization rate of was 0.23-2 times larger, but the rate of potassium was 33 percent-200 percent smaller. The Conclusions show that: the compound-SAP has no significant effect on the emergence rate and is able to significantly increase seedling growth of annual ryegrass. The compound-SAP significantly increased the apparent utilization of nitrogen and potassium, the compound of nutrients and superabsorbent polymer increases the utilization of fertilizer, thus making it possible to use less fertilizer to achieve the same growth effect. Therefore, a compound that mixes nutrients and superabsorbent polymer by made mixture method is able to retain water and fertilizer.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Nutrients
Controlled terms:Absorption - Agricultural chemicals - Ecology - Fertilizers - Forestry - Mixtures - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Phosphorus - Polymers  - Potassium - Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms:Annual ryegrass - Growth effects - Mixture method - Nutrient levels - Plant growth - Plant water content - Seedling growth - Slow release - Superabsorbent polymer - Utilization rates  - Water retaining and fertilizer efficiency - Water-saving
Classification code:821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 43>

Accession number:20113814343637
Title:Effects of light intensity on photohydrogen production from straw enzymatic hydrolysates
Authors:Yue, Jianzhi (1); Li, Gang (1); Jiao, Youzhou (1); Zhang, Quanguo (1); Zhang, Zhiping (1); Chen, Jidong (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, Q.(zquanguo@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:313-317
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the hydrogen production ability and light conversion efficiency of photosynthetic bacteria,, effects of light intensity on cumulative hydrogen production, hydrogen production rate and light conversion efficiency in the photohydrogen production from sorghum straw enzymatic hydrolysates within 48 h were investigated under the reaction temperature 30°C and the mixed culture of photosynthetic bacteria inoculums 20%(volume fraction). The results showed that cumulative hydrogen production and hydrogen production rate increased with the increasing light intensity when it was lower than 5000 lx, but decreased when it was higher than 5000 lx. This phenomenon was similar with the light saturation point of plant, photoinhibition occurred when the light intensity were higher than light saturation point. The maximum influence coefficient of light increments occurred when the light intensity increased from 1000 lx to 3000 lx, which indicated the light intensity was more appropriate in this range from the point of light conversion efficiency.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Hydrogen production
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Conversion efficiency - Efficiency - Enzymes - Hydrogen - Straw
Uncontrolled terms:Hydrogen production rate - Influence coefficient - Light conversion - Light intensity - Light saturation - Mixed cultures - Photoinhibition - Photosynthetic bacterias - Reaction temperature - Sorghum straw
Classification code:913.1 Production Engineering - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues - 522 Gas Fuels - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.055
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 44>

Accession number:20113814343624
Title:Data collection scheme for mobile terminal in farmland WSNs
Authors:Lu, Mingzhou (1); Shen, Mingxia (1); Sun, Yuwen (1); Xiong, Yingjun (1); Liu, Longshen (1); Lin, Xiangze (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China 
Corresponding author:Shen, M.(mingxia@njau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:242-246
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Farmland wireless sensor network is characterised by its large deployment area and the unfixed location of sink node. In order to work out a more efficient and less energy-consuming way for the mobile sink node to collect the data of the network, the paper proposed a data collection scheme for mobile terminal based on hierarchical topology-DCSMT_H. Taking the location of nodes and residual energy into account, a clustering topology was built by selecting the cluster heads in the scheme, and finally a inter-cluster data routing was constructed flexibly according to the current location of the mobile terminal. Simulation experiments showed that DCSMT_H possessed low energy-comsumption network and extend the lifetime of the network by about 15% compared with LEACH. So DCSMT_H being appliod to the mobile terminal can well fit for collecting the environmental information of large-scale farmlands. This research can provide references for improving the application of wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Data acquisition
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Computer terminals - Electric network topology - Farms - Leaching - Mobile phones - Sensor nodes - Topology
Uncontrolled terms:Cluster head - Data collection - Data collection scheme - Data routing - Environmental information - Mobile sinks - Mobile terminal - Precision Agriculture - Residual energy - Simulation experiments  - Sink nodes - Wireless sensor
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 703.1 Electric Networks - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 45>

Accession number:20113814344637
Title:Mechanical properties and microstructure of new species forage stems in harvesting period
Authors:Zhao, Chunhua (1); Han, Zhengsheng (2); Shi, Shangli (1); Zhang, Fengwei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem Ministry of Education(Gansu Agricultural University), Lanzhou 730070, China; (2) Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 
Corresponding author:Shi, S.(shishl@gsau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:179-183
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to analysis relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure of tangled forage stems, then to provide guidance for breeding fine varieties and designing new herbage haverster, four kinds of stems at fruiting stage of perennial forage legumes (Medicago sativa lower cellulose, Erect crownvetch strain and Medicago sativa Gannong No.3, Creeping type crownvetch) were chosen to perform the tensile and shear tests by the electronic testing machine CMT2502. The microstructure of forage stems was observed, and the SEM images of transverse and longitudinal section of forage stem were got by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that forage stem is a typical kind of porous, no-continuous, no-homogeneous and anisotropic composite material. Forage stems have enough strength and good flexibility, and its strength depends on the thickness of thick-walled cells and the numbers of vascular bundles, as well as the connection form and strength of cells in stems. The average Young's modulus of forage stems in the 4 species are 1 427.3, 673.0, 1377.5, 441.7 MPa, respectively; The average maximum shearing stress with the slippery angle of 30° are 96.24, 60.9, 124.1, 84.4 N, respectively. The new species of Medicago sativa lower cellulose and erect crownvetch strain were easier for mechanical harvesting because of high strength, low flexibility and less shearing force.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Strain
Controlled terms:Biomechanics - Cellulose - Mechanical properties - Microstructure - Plants (botany) - Scanning electron microscopy - Shearing - Tensile testing
Uncontrolled terms:Anisotropic composites - Connection forms - Electronic testing - Forage legumes - Harvesting periods - High strength - Longitudinal section - Medicago - New species - Properties and microstructures  - SEM image - Shear tests - Shearing force - Shearing stress - Stress-strain - Vascular bundle - Young's Modulus
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 933 Solid State Physics - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 741.1 Light/Optics - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 461.9 Biology - 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics - 422.2 Strength of Building Materials : Test Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 46>

Accession number:20113814343620
Title:Precision control system of no-tillage corn planter
Authors:Yuan, Yanwei (1); Zhang, Xiaochao (2); Wu, Caicong (1); Zhang, Junning (2); Zhou, Liming (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (2) State Key Lab of Soil Plant Machinery System Technology, Beijing 100083, China 
Corresponding author:Yuan, Y.(yyw215@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:222-226
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To solve the problem of low usage of seed and fertilizer while seeding and fertilizing, precise detection and control system of no-tillage planter was developed. According to moisture and fertility of soil, together with corn planting agronomy, seed distance adjusting system was studied. Seed axis was derived by servo motor according to tractor travel speed to adjust the seed distances automatically. According to prescription operation maps and GPS information, combined with the weight of fertilizer box and speed, fertilizer signal was got to drive the servo motor Test results showed that control accuracy of fertilizer was 2%, and seed space could be adjusted from 10 to 20 cm steplessly, with the maximum error of 4.48%. This study realizes variable rate fertilize and precision plant.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Seed
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Control equipment - Control systems - Design - Fertilizers - Maps - Plants (botany) - Precision engineering
Uncontrolled terms:Adjusting system - Control accuracy - Corn planting - Corn space adjust - Maximum error - No tillage - No-tillage planter - Precision control - Travel speed - Variable rate  - Virtual rate fertilizing
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 761 Nanotechnology - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 732.1 Control Equipment - 461.9 Biology - 408 Structural Design - 731.1 Control Systems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 47>

Accession number:20113814343586
Title:Evaluating drought vulnerability of agricultural system in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, China
Authors:Chen, Ping (1); Chen, Xiaoling (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Geographical Science School, Southwest University of China, Chongqing 400715, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan, 430079, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330022, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, P.(cp_chenping@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:8-13
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Drought is one of the principal pertubations in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone(PLEEZ). It is important to investigate the mechanism of droughts in order to evaluate potential losses of droughts and provide a scientific basis for policymaking. We selected fourteen indicators representing exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to droughts respectively. The weights of the indicators were calculated by analytic hierarchy process. Then using the composite index approach these indicators were combined into a drought vulnerability index of agricultural system by a linear aggregation. Maps of drought vulnerability and its elements in PLEEZ were drawn by applying the software of ArcGIS9.3. The results showed that the drought vulnerability of the agricultural system in PLEEZ were mainly at middle rank. Spatial differentiation of the drought vulnerablity existed that the rank of the drought vulnerability in the northern areas of PLEEZ were higher than that in the south. On the basis of the relationship between the drought vulnerability and exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capability, some suggestions for the drought hazard management in the future were proposed.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Drought
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Ecology - Lakes
Uncontrolled terms:Adaptive capabilities - Adaptive capacity - Agricultural system - Composite index - Ecological economics - Hazard management - Linear aggregation - Policy making - Potential loss - Poyang Lake  - Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone - Sensitioity analysis - Spatial differentiation - Vulnerability - Vulnerability index
Classification code:407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 444 Water Resources - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 48>

Accession number:20113814343627
Title:Regional crop yield simulation based on crop growth model and remote sensing data
Authors:Ren, Jianqiang (1); Chen, Zhongxin (1); Tang, Huajun (1); Zhou, Qingbo (1); Qin, Jun (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Resources Remote Sensing and Digital Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (3) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 
Corresponding author:Chen, Z.(zxchen@mail.caas.net.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:257-264
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Assimilating external data into crop growth model to improve accuracy of crop growth monitoring and yield estimation is a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, the global optimization algorithm SCE-UA (Shuffled Complex Evolution method - University of Arizona) was used to integrate remote sensing leaf area index (LAI) with crop growth model EPIC to simulate regional yield, sowing date, plant density, and net nitrogen fertilizer application amount of summer maize in Huanghuaihai Plain. The results showed that the average relative error of estimated summer maize yield was 4.37%, and RMSE was 0.44 t/hm<sup>2</sup>. By comparison of the observation data, the root mean square error (RMSE) of simulated sowing date, plant density and net nitrogen fertilization application amount was 4.16 days, 1.0 plant/m<sup>2</sup>, 40.64 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> respectively. The absolute error of simulated sowing date was 3 days, the average relative error of simulated plant density and net nitrogen fertilization application amount was -7.78% and -10.60% respectively. The accuracy of simulated results could meet the need of crop monitoring at regional scale, and it was proved that integrating remote sensing LAI with EPIC model based on global optimization algorithm SCE-UA for simulation of crop growth condition and crop yield was feasible.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Crops - Data processing - Global optimization - Grain (agricultural product) - Mean square error - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Optimization - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Crop growth model - Data assimilation - Global optimization algorithm - LAI - Yield estimation
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 49>

Accession number:20113814343633
Title:Simulation and estimation of methane emissions from rice paddies in Sanjiang Plain of the Northeast China
Authors:Zhang, Yuan (1); Li, Ying (1); Wang, Yiyong (1); Song, Shuyi (3); Li, Changsheng (4) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Remote Sensing and Geoscience, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS, Changchun 130012, China; (2) School of Resources and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (3) College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (4) Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, United States 
Corresponding author:Wang, Y.(wangyiyong@neigae.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:293-298
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The Sanjiang Plain (SJP) of the Northeast China was selected as study area. Remote sensing (RS) information abstracting technology was applied to acquire spatial distribution of rice paddies, and a process-based biogeochemical model, the Denitrification and Decomposition (DNDC) model, was used to simulate and estimate the seasonal methane (CH<inf>4</inf>) emissions from rice paddies. Results showed that a total of 1.428&times;10<sup>6</sup> ha rice paddies cover the entire SJP released 0.424-0.513 Tg CH<inf>4</inf>-C to the atmosphere in 2006. Distinct variations in the spatial pattern of CH<inf>4</inf> emissions were also recognized within the Plain. This study indicated that the integration of RS techniques and ecological modeling will be a potential alternative for developing the regional inventories of greenhouse gas emissions and making CH<inf>4</inf> mitigation strategies in rice cropping system.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Gas emissions
Controlled terms:Greenhouse gases - Methane - Models - Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms:Biogeochemical models - Cormputer simulation - Cropping systems - Ecological modeling - Methane emissions - Mitigation strategy - Northeast China - Rice paddy - Sanjiang plain - Spatial patterns  - Study areas
Classification code:451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 522 Gas Fuels - 731.1 Control Systems - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.051
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 50>

Accession number:20113814343597
Title:Changing characteristics of reference crop evapotranspiration and main causes in the Northwest China
Authors:Duan, Chunfeng (1); Miao, Qilong (1); Cao, Wen (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Key Lab of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (2) College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China 
Corresponding author:Miao, Q.(miaoqilong@126.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:77-83
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is important to understand the effect of climate change on reference crop evapotranspiration. Based on the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation, the temporal-spatial variation characteristics of ET<inf>0</inf> (reference crop evapotranspiration), ET<inf>rad</inf> and ET<inf>aero</inf> and the possible causes of their changes were studied in growing season in Northwest China using a 49-year dataset. The results showed that ET<inf>0</inf> decreased significantly in the whole study area due to the increasing trend of ET<inf>rad</inf> and the decreasing trend of ET<inf>aero</inf>. The yearly change trends of ET<inf>0</inf> were more significant in the first region than in the other two regions because of their different climate characteristics. The absolute values of partial correlation coefficients between ET<inf>0</inf> and four climate variables indicated that wind played the most important role in the changes of ET<inf>0</inf> in Northwest China, followed by solar radiation and air temperature. The contributions of climate variables to ET<inf>0</inf> in first region were similar to the whole region, while in second region the contributions of wind, solar radiation and air temperature were equivalent. The relative humidity showed larger contribution in third region than in the other two regions.
Number of references:35
Main heading:Climate change
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Correlation methods - Crops - Evapotranspiration - Heat radiation - Solar radiation - Sun - Temperature - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute values - Air temperature - Change trends - Climate characteristics - Climate variables - Crop evapotranspiration - Data sets - Growing season - Northwest China - Partial correlation  - Penman-Monteith equations - Study areas - Trends - Variation characteristics
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena - 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.1 Surface Water - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 51>

Accession number:20113814343646
Title:Development and test of electrical stimulation instrument of beef carcasses
Authors:Jiang, Yinghong (1); Wang, Shucai (1); Ma, Meihu (2); Wang, Shiquan (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China 
Corresponding author:Wang, S.(wsc01@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:365-370
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to meet the tenderizing requirements for different varieties and parts of the beef, an electrical stimulation instrument was designed in this paper. Based on pulse-width modulation (PWM), this instrument was composed of single-chip microcomputer MSP430 and H-bridge with four MOSFET. By controlling the duty cycle of the PWM/SPWM(Sinusoidal PWM) produced by single-chip microcomputer, this instrument could realise the inversion of direct current by H-bridge, and thus generae different wave forms the functions, operation principles, hardware and software structure of the instrument were introduced in this paper. Test results showed that: the instrument could produce 5 types of the waveforms, namely, DC, square wave, sine wave, triangular wave and sawtooth wave. The parameters of electrical stimulation instrument were all adjustable. The peak voltage range of each waveform was 0-110 V and frequency adjustment range was 1-450 Hz. The output of electrical stimulation parameters can achieve the tenderizing requirements with its high precision, which provides the technical support for the beef tenderizing processing.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Instruments
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Beef - Bridges - Computers - Counting circuits - Design - Equipment - Meats - Microcomputers - Voltage control
Uncontrolled terms:Direct current - Duty cycles - Electrical stimulations - Frequency adjustment - H-bridges - Hardware and software - High precision - MOS-FET - Operation principles - Peak voltage  - Saw-tooth waves - Sine-wave - Single chip microcomputers - Square waves - Technical support - Tenderization - Triangular wave - Wave forms
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.3 Food Products - 901 Engineering Profession - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 713.4 Pulse Circuits - 408 Structural Design - 401.1 Bridges - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.064
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 52>

Accession number:20113814343592
Title:Effect of winter warming on soil moisture and salinization
Authors:Xiao, Guoju (1); Zhang, Qiang (2); Li, Yu (2); Zhang, Fengju (1); Luo, Chengke (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) New Technology Application, Research and Development Center of Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (2) China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou Arid Climate Research Institute, Gansu Key Lab for Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction, Lanzhou 730020, China 
Corresponding author:Xiao, G.(xiaoguoju1972@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:46-51
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the effect of winter warming on soil moisture and salinization, the field experiments that increased temperature by an infrared radiator were designed at Xidatan experiment station of Yellow River irrigation areas in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The results showed that compared with no warming, winter warming by 0.5-2.5°C reduced the moisture content of 0-20, >20-40 and >40-60 cm soil horizons by 0.2%-3.9%, 0.4%-1.4% and 0.3%-0.6%, respectively; correspondingly alkalization increased by 1.2%-4.4%, 0.1%-0.4% and 0.2%-0.6%; total alkalinity increased by 0.01~0.04, 0.01~0.03 and 0.01-0.02 cmol/kg; pH value increased by 0.1-1.0, 0.1-0.5 and 0.1-0.6; and total salt content increased by 0.05-0.71, 0.02-0.20 and 0.01-0.11 g/kg. Winter warming intensifies soil moisture evaporation and then increases the soil salinization.
Number of references:21
Main heading:Climate change
Controlled terms:Alkalinity - Experiments - Irrigation - pH - Soil moisture - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms:Field experiment - Increased temperature - Infrared radiators - Irrigation area - Moisture evaporation - pH value - Salt content - Soil horizon - Soil salinization - Yellow river
Classification code:451 Air Pollution - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 53>

Accession number:20113814343619
Title:High-frequency capacitive soil water content sensor based on detecting of true root mean square
Authors:Li, Jianian (1); Hong, Tiansheng (1); Feng, Ruijue (1); Yue, Xuejun (1); Luo, Yuqing (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China 
Corresponding author:Hong, T.(tshong@scau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:216-221
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Measurement of soil water content is the basis of implementing water-saving irrigation in precision agriculture. A high-frequency capacitive soil water content sensor which is consist of power supply filter circuit, 100MHz oscillator, XC74UL14AA, probe electrode which is made up of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and is part of the whole PCB, and AD8361 was developed based on True RMS detection technology, by using the dielectric properties of the soil. The output of the sensor is in form of DC voltage, and the output range is 20%-70% of supply voltage, measured in air and deionized water respectively, under different supply voltages. The sensor was calibrated, and the temperature variation of the sensor was tested in the range of 5-40&deg;C according to the basis of 24.8&deg;C, in a series of tested solution with different equivalent soil volumetric water content, under different supply voltages. The tested solution was prepared through 2-isopropoxy ethanol, dioxane and deionized water three kind of solution. The results show that: there is a significant dependency of the sensor's output on the supply voltage, the output voltage of the sensor increases with the supply voltage in specific soil volumetric water content; the out voltage of the sensor has a negative linear correlation with soil volumetric water content in specific supply voltage, and the coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup>&gt;0.987; the greater the temperature difference, the greater the measurement error of the sensor, and the maximum error is 4.44%. Verification of the sensor was done through preparing a series of soil samples, and the maximum error is 4.95%.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Capacitance - DC power transmission - Deionized water - Dielectric properties - Ethanol - Ethers - Oscillators (electronic) - Printed circuit boards - Sensors - Soil moisture  - Soils - Water conservation - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of determination - DC voltage - Detection technology - Filter circuits - High frequency - High frequency HF - Linear correlation - Maximum error - Output range - Output voltages  - Power supply - Precision Agriculture - Probe electrode - Root Mean Square - Soil sample - Soil water content - Supply voltages - Temperature differences - Temperature variation - Volumetric water content  - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:801 Chemistry - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 713.2 Oscillators - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 444 Water Resources - 701 Electricity and Magnetism
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 54>

Accession number:20113814343614
Title:Casting method of rib-like bionic non-smooth surface
Authors:Tian, Limei (1); Bu, Zhaoguo (1); Chen, Qinghai (1); Li, Wenyuan (1); Li, Xinhong (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering of China Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China; (2) Jilin City Fang Tian Pump Co., Ltd, Jilin 132001, China 
Corresponding author:Tian, L.(lmtian@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:189-194
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is already confirmed that the riblets on the shark skin have the function of drag reduction, however, it is very difficult to achieve on surfaces of complex casting parts for such bionic non-smooth surface, which seriously restricted its engineering applications. This paper took non-smooth structure of triangle section as a example, and took the centrifugal pump impeller surface of rib-like on the type of 200QJ50-26 as a carrier and discussed a casting forming principle and process of bionic non-smooth surface. First, according to designing request, rib-like non-smooth structures were sculptured using knife and ruler on the hard rubber pad. Second, heat-resisting lacquer was spread evenly on the two side of the riblet and made them natural drying. Third, utilizing the characteristic of rubber, the rib-shape rubber was adhered to the sand moulding surface of impeller according to the shape of it. Finally, cast molding. Selecting heating-resisting lacquer and painting it play a vital role in casting process.The sharp edges of the triangle groove that meet the design requirements can be formed by using a casting shaping method of bionic non-smooth surface, and non-smooth surface can be formed in the full port of impeller internal, and this method adapts to the processing of the non-smooth surface of complex parts.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Casting
Controlled terms:Bionics - Centrifugal pumps - Drag reduction - Impellers - Lacquers - Molding - Protective coatings - Rubber
Uncontrolled terms:Cast molding - Casting method - Centrifugal pump impellers - Complex parts - Design requirements - Engineering applications - Heat-resisting - Natural drying - Non-smooth - Non-smooth surface  - Process - Rib-like - Riblets - Shaping method - Sharp edges
Classification code:818.1 Natural Rubber - 813.2 Coating Materials - 731.1 Control Systems - 818.3 Rubber and Elastomer Processing - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 601.2 Machine Components - 534.2 Foundry Practice - 618.2 Pumps
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 55>

Accession number:20113814343609
Title:Dynamic simulation experiment on effects of sugarcane cutting beneath surface soil
Authors:Yang, Wang (1); Yang, Jian (1); Liu, Zenghan (1); Liang, Zhaoxin (2); Mo, Jianlin (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (2) Guangxi Research Institute of Agricultural Machinery, Nanning 530001, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, J.(yangokok@gxu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:150-156
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Sugarcane-cutter system dynamics simulation model was established and suitable material parameter model of sugarcane was obtained by using explicit dynamic simulation software ANSYS/LS-DYNA and inverse method. The precision of the simulation model was verified by physical experiment. Based on the establishment of soil-sugarcane-cutter system dynamics simulation model, dynamics simulation experiments were carried out and correlative mathematic models were built. The effects of soil soft-hard state on sugarcane maximum cutting force and broken biennial root was investigated. The results showed that the soil soft-hard state had more effective on sugarcane axial shear stress than that on sugarcane maximum cutting force. The maximum cutting force of two-blade cutting sugarcane is smaller than that of one-blade. The maximum force for cutting under the ground was larger than that for cutting over the ground, but the average axial shear stress for one-blade cutting under the ground was 43.3% less than that for cutting over the ground. Moreover, the average axial shear stress for two-blade cutting under the ground was 49% less than that for cutting over the ground. Cutting sugarcane under the ground could effectively reduce the rate of broken biennial root.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Computer software - Cutting - Experiments - Geologic models - Inverse problems - Shear stress - Soils - Sugar cane - Sugars - System theory
Uncontrolled terms:Axial shear stress - Dynamic simulation experiment - Dynamics simulation - Explicit dynamics - Inverse - Inverse methods - Material parameter - Mathematic model - Maximum cutting force - Physical experiments  - Simulation model - Soil condition - Surface soil - System dynamics simulation - Two-blade
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 56>

Accession number:20113814343610
Title:Co-application of flow field analyzing and intelligent modeling on CAD of oil pump
Authors:Tong, Baohong (1); Yin, Jun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, China 
Corresponding author:Tong, B.(bh_tong@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:157-162
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to improve the efficiency of performance predicting and decrease the cost of testing in the procedure of product development, a CAD method for engine oil pump which based on co-application of flow field analyzing and intelligent modeling was introduced. Numerical simulation model of oil pump internal flow field based on CFD was developed combining with the structural parameters of oil pump. And information data about oil pump rotate speed, supplying pressure, oil temperature and oil flow rate were obtained by CFD simulating. A BP neural network model that described the delivery performance of oil pump was established, and the model was trained by learning samples which selected from those above information data. And lastly, predicting for the delivery performance of oil pump under various operating conditions was carried out by this BP intelligent model. Experiments showed that the simulation results fitted the testing results quite well. From these results, the conclusion is that the method introduced here can give useful support for optimization design of structural parameters of engine oil pump and control of its delivery performance in the procedure of new product development.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Oil field development
Controlled terms:Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Flow fields - Lubricating oils - Models - Neural networks - Oil well pumps - Product development - Pumps - Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms:BP neural network model - Delivery performance - Engine oil - Information data - Intelligent modeling - Intelligent models - Internal flow field - Learning samples - New product development - Numerical simulation models  - Oil flow rate - Oil pump - Oil temperature - Operating condition - Optimization design - Rotate speed - Structural parameter - Testing results
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 913.1 Production Engineering - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 618.2 Pumps - 607.1 Lubricants - 512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 57>

Accession number:20113814343595
Title:Combined global-local interpolation method for regional groundwater level
Authors:Wang, Chunying (1); Shang, Songhao (2); Mao, Xiaomin (1); Yamamoto, Jorge Kazuo (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (3) Department of Environmental and Sedimentary Geology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil 
Corresponding author:Mao, X.(maoxiaomin@tsinghua.org.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:63-68
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Trend surface analysis method for spatial interpolation presents a smoothed surface which may be very different from the real spatial distribution, especially for local area with distinct variable data. To solve this problem, a combined global - local interpolation method was proposed, which integrates the trend surface analysis method for global interpolation and the ordinary Kriging method with a post-processing procedure of Yamamoto to correct the smoothing effect for local interpolation. This combined interpolation method was used for the interpolation of regional groundwater level. The spatial distribution results using this combined approach were closer to the observed data. Therefore, the combined interpolation method not only ensured the global optimum but also corrected the smoothing effect of trend surface analysis and increased local estimation accuracy. The interpolation results can depict the distribution of groundwater level more precisely by integrating global and local information of observed data.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Interpolation
Controlled terms:Groundwater - Models - Real variables - Regression analysis - Spatial distribution - Surface analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Global optimum - Global-local - Interpolation method - Local estimation - Local information - Local interpolation - Observed data - Ordinary kriging - Post-processing procedure - Regional groundwater  - Smoothing effects - Spatial interpolation - Trend-surface analysis - Variable data
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 444.2 Groundwater - 423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 58>

Accession number:20113814343611
Title:Pressure loss of urea-SCR converter and its influence on diesel engine performance
Authors:Xin, Zhe (1); Wang, Shunxi (1); Zhang, Yin (1); Li, Zhaojing (1); Zhang, Yunlong (2); Yun, Feng (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 
Corresponding author:Xin, Z.(xinzhecau@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:169-173
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Urea-SCR catalytic converter can effectively reduce the NO<inf>x</inf> emission of diesel engines, but meanwhile catalytic converter will cause some pressure loss in the exhaust system, which has negative influences on the engine performances. With the aid of BOOST (engine cycle simulation software) coupled with FIRE (computational fluid dynamic software), the pressure loss caused by converter was calculated and a modeling simulation and validity test were conducted on the power performance and fuel economy of diesel engine with urea-SCR catalyst. The results show that the pressure losses mainly come from the monolith resistance along the converter. The exhaust back pressure rising caused by SCR catalyst has some influence on the diesel fuel economy and power performance, which are reduced by about 5%. The results can provide a reference for optimum design of SCR catalytic converters and assembling.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Diesel engines
Controlled terms:Catalysts - Catalytic converters - Computational fluid dynamics - DC-DC converters - Diesel fuels - Emission control - Exhaust systems (engine) - Fuel economy - Machine design - Metabolism  - Software testing - Thyristors - Urea
Uncontrolled terms:Back pressures - Diesel engine performance - Engine cycle simulation - Engine performance - Modeling simulation - Negative influence - Optimum designs - Performances - Power performance - Pressure loss  - SCR catalysts - Simulations - Validity tests
Classification code:804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 723.5 Computer Applications - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 704.1 Electric Components - 612 Engines - 601 Mechanical Design - 521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 461.9 Biology - 451.2 Air Pollution Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 59>

Accession number:20113814343587
Title:Effects of water-saving irrigation on seasonal characteristics of N<inf>2</inf>O emission from paddy fields
Authors:Peng, Shizhang (1); Hou, Huijing (1); Xu, Junzeng (1); Wu, Xiarui (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China 
Corresponding author:Xu, J.(xjz481@hhu.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:14-18
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the effects of water-saving irrigation on seasonal characteristics of N<inf>2</inf>O emission from paddy fields, N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from water-saving irrigation paddy fields (WIPF) were investigated by the method of static chamber/gas chromatography. The results showed that the average flux of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from WIPF was 41.84 &mu;g/(m<sup>2</sup> &middot h), increased by 33.3% compared with that from flooded paddy fields (FPF). The cumulative N<inf>2</inf>O emission from WIPF was 119.86 mg/m<sup>2</sup>, increased significantly by 17.8% compared with that from FPF (p&lt;0.05). Seasonal variations of N<inf>2</inf>O emission from WIPF were obvious. There were two peaks during the rice growing season. These peaks of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions mainly appeared about 7 days just after fertilizer applications. Soil drying in WIPF incurred N<inf>2</inf>O emission. Moreover, variations of N<inf>2</inf>O flux caused by re-flooding were different and the extent of these variations was not large. Soil drying in FPF during the yellow ripeness stage led to the compensation effect of N<inf>2</inf>O emission. Seasonal variations of N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from paddy fields under different water managements were depended on soil moisture. Compared with flooded irrigation, the controlled irrigation significantly increased cumulative N<inf>2</inf>O emission.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Neutron emission - Nitrogen oxides - Soil moisture - Water conservation - Water management
Uncontrolled terms:Average flux - Compensation effects - Fertilizer applications - Growing season - Nitrous oxide - Paddy fields - Seasonal characteristics - Seasonal variation - Soil drying - Static chambers  - Water-saving irrigation
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446 Waterworks - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 932.1 High Energy Physics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 60>

Accession number:20113814343635
Title:Development of clean development mechanism (CDM) project of biomass densified biofuels in China
Authors:Sun, Liying (1); Tian, Yishui (1); Meng, Haibo (1); Zhao, Lixin (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Rural Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, MOA, Beijing 100125, China 
Corresponding author:Tian, Y.(yishuit@yahoo.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:304-307
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to promote development of biomass densified biofuel CDM project in China, the paper made a study on small scale biomass densified biofuel CDM project development by using small scale methodology AMS.I.C and other methodologies based on a Beijing biomass densified biofuel factory. The paper mainly determined the project boundary, set the baseline scenario and main parameters and made a monitoring plan. The result showed that, a biomass densified biofuel factory with the production of 10000 ton could reduce 13688.22 t greenhouse gas emissions in one year; the emission reduction potential was great. It shows that the development of CDM projects in the area has good feasibility and great significance for China to achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction targets.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Biofuels
Controlled terms:Biomass - Emission control - Energy policy - Gas emissions - Greenhouse gases
Uncontrolled terms:CDM projects - Clean Development Mechanism - Emission reduction - Greenhouse gas emission reduction - Main parameters - Methodology - Small scale
Classification code:451.1 Air Pollution Sources - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 525.6 Energy Policy
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.053
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 61>

Accession number:20113814343639
Title:Impacts of land consolidation on soil organic carbon content
Authors:Tan, Meng (1); Huang, Xianjin (1); Zhong, Taiyang (1); Zhao, Rongqin (1); Gu, Liuqi (1); Xu, Zeji (1); Jiang, Chaojun (1); Huang, Jinbi (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (2) Technology and Engineering Center of Land Development and Consolidation in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210093, China 
Corresponding author:Huang, X.(hxj369@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:324-329
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Disturbance on the soil caused by land consolidation will affect the balance of soil carbon cycle. In order to study influences of land consolidation on farmland soil carbon storage, soil samples before and after land consolidation were collected and organic matter was measured based on indirect sampling and random sampling in three land consolidation areas of Jiangsu Province. The changes and reasons for the differences of soil carbon storage in different and consolidation areas were analyzed. The results showed that soil carbon storage was increased in all the three land consolidation areas. Organic carbon storage in Dan Yang land consolidation area increased by 26.05%, organic carbon density increased by 23.87% which increased most; Carbon density change shared the same direction with organic carbon storage change, with lower increase than carbon storage. It was closely related to the original soil condition, land consolidation engineering method and construction time of different land consolidation areas; Before land consolidation, organic carbon storage in paddy fields was significantly higher than that in dry fields. After land consolidation, organic carbon storage of dry fields increased a lot more than that of paddy fields, while organic carbon storage in paddy fields remained the same. (3)Reasonable land consolidation planning is required before the implementation of land consolidation project, and land consolidation project which was beneficial to carbon fixation in soil was recommended.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Organic carbon
Controlled terms:Consolidation - Forestry - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Carbon density - Carbon fixation - Carbon sequestration - Carbon storage - Consolidation projects - Construction time - Engineering methods - Farmland soils - Jiangsu province - Land consolidation  - Organic carbon content - Paddy fields - Random sampling - Soil carbon - Soil carbon storage - Soil conditions - Soil organic carbon content - Soil sample
Classification code:483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.057
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 62>

Accession number:20113814343604
Title:Residual soil nitrogen estimation of black soil farmland at county scale in Heilongjiang province
Authors:Li, Yong (1); Zhao, Jun (1); Yang, Jingyi (3); Fu, Wei (1); Xie, Yewei (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; (3) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Greenhouse Processing and Crop Research Centre, Harrow, Ontario, N0R 1G0, Canada; (4) School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China 
Corresponding author:Zhao, J.(zhaojun@neigaehrb.ac.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:120-125
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the theory of nitrogen "input - output" balance, the residual soil nitrogen (RSN) of the farmland in Heilongjiang province from 1980 to 2002 was estimate. The data were obtained from Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbooks, and parameters were acquired from recent references. Results showed that the N inputs (fertilizer, manure-N, biological fixation, and atmospheric deposition) increased by 77.8% from 1982 (83.7 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>) to 2002 (148.8 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>), mean value was 118.1 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. N outputs (N removed in crop harvest, N lost from ammonia volatilization denitrification) increased by 72.1% from 49.8 to 85.7 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, mean value was 74.8 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, and RSN increased by 86.2% from 33.9 to 63.2 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> in the same period. Regional difference was evident, for example, the RSN in west region of Heilongjiang province was higher than that in the east. The results were consistent with previous studies and actual situation. During the non-growing season, the surplus RSN could change to NO<inf>3</inf>, and lost by runoff, leached into rivers and groundwater or emitted into atmosphere as N<inf>2</inf>O or N<inf>2</inf>, which caused the waste of nitrogen resources and potential environmental risk. Quantification study on RSN with spatial and temporal scales in Heilongjiang province can provide a new method for the macro-management of N resources.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Estimation - Fertilizers - Groundwater - Groundwater pollution - Groundwater resources - Leaching - Manures - Meteorological problems - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agro ecosystems - Black soil - Nitrogen balance - Nitrogen pollution - Residual soil
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 533.1 Ore Treatment - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 452.3 Industrial Wastes - 444.2 Groundwater - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 63>

Accession number:20113814343603
Title:Application of sprinkler with variable range of spray in sloping land
Authors:Xiang, Qingjiang (1); Chen, Chao (1); Wei, Yangyang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China 
Corresponding author:Xiang, Q.(xiang_qj@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:115-119
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:When the traditional single sprinkler was used in sloping land, the water distribution would be changed. In order to improve the water distribution uniformity of sloping land, a pressure and flow rate adjusting device was put forward and combined with the PXH20 complete fluidic sprinkler. by using of the new device, the throw radius decreased in down slope direction and increased in upslope direction. According to three constraint conditions of rotating uniformity, the difference of spraying range and the pressure loss, the key dimension of the adjusting device was optimized. The results showed that the sprinkler worked with the best raindrop uniformity when the radius of the overflow orifice on the adjusting disk was 3 mm. The experimental data of the water distribution curve and the throw radius in up and down direction showed that this kind of sprinkler could be applied to approximate 10 degree slope land to improve the raindrop distribution. It has great advantage in the sprinkler combination irrigation on sloping land.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Sprinkler systems (irrigation)
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Applications - Water supply systems
Uncontrolled terms:Complete fluidic sprinkler - Constraint conditions - Experimental data - Key dimensions - New devices - Pressure loss - Radius of throws - Sloping land - Variable range - Water distributions
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 451.2 Air Pollution Control - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 64>

Accession number:20113814343612
Title:Performance and emission of vehicle fueled with gasified biomass gas
Authors:Meng, Fanbin (1); Li, Xiaowei (2); Wang, Guilu (2); Liu, Jiankun (2); Zhang, Dalei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (2) Liaoning Institute of Energy and Resources, Yingkou 115003, China 
Corresponding author:Zhang, D.(daleizhang@163.com)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:174-178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The producer gases derived from air and oxygen rich biomass gasification were used as the vehicle fuel for testing the running performance and its emission behavior. The results were as following: under the same road condition and for the same vehicle, the kilometers of travel with air gasification producer gas as fuel were one third of that with oxygen rich gasification producer gas as fuel, and the kilometers of travel with oxygen rich gasification producer gas as fuel were one third of that with CNG as fuel; the producer gas composition had little influence on the carbon monoxide emission in the exhaust gas, but the excess air ratio had crucial impact on the carbon monoxide emission; with air gasification producer gas as fuel, the content of the hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas was lower, and it was higher when being with oxygen rich gasification producer gas as fuel, for both fuel gases, the content of the hydrocarbons had the same tendency of increasing along with the increasing of the RPM of the engine; the producer gas composition had definite influence on the NO<inf>x</inf> emission in the exhaust gas, meanwhile, the temperature was the dominating factor of the thermal NO<inf>x</inf> emission. The results showed that the biomass gasification producer gas could be a kind of clean and renewable substitute fuel.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Gasification
Controlled terms:Behavioral research - Biomass - Carbon monoxide - Exhaust gases - Experiments - Fuels - Gases - Hydrocarbons - Oxygen
Uncontrolled terms:Air gasification - Biomass Gasification - Carbon monoxide emissions - Dominating factors - Driving - Emission behavior - Emission features - Excess air ratios - Gasified biomass - Performance and emissions  - Producer gas - Renewable substitutes - Road condition
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 901.3 Engineering Research - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 971 Social Sciences - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 524 Solid Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels - 612.1 Internal Combustion Engines, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 65>

Accession number:20113814343643
Title:Detection of geographical origin of honey using near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors:Li, Shuifang (1); Shan, Yang (2); Zhu, Xiangrong (2); Li, Zhonghai (3) 
Author affiliation:(1) College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (2) Hunan Food Test and Analysis Center, Changsha 410025, China; (3) College of Food Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China 
Corresponding author:Shan, Y.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:350-354
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods has been used to detect the geographical origin of honey samples. The samples were divided into the training set and the test set by kennard-Stone algorithm. After being pre-treated with first derivative and autoscaling, the spectral data were compressed and de-noised using wavelet transform (WT). The radical basis function neural networks (RBFNN) and partial least squares-line discriminant analysis (PLS-LDA) were applied to develop classification models, respectively. The performances of different wavelet functions and decomposition levels were evaluated in relation to the total prediction accuracy for the test set. For apple honey samples, when wavelet function was db1 and decomposition level was 2, both WT-RBFNN model and WT-PLS-LDA model produced the largest total prediction accuracy of 96.2%. For rape honey samples, when wavelet function was db4 and decomposition level was 1, WT-RBFNN model made the largest total prediction accuracy of 85.7%; while when wavelet function was db9 and decomposition level was also 1, WT-PLS-LDA model got the largest total prediction accuracy of 90.5%; The results indicated that linear WT-PLS-LDA model was more suitable for geographical classification of honey samples than no-linear WT-RBFNN model. Near infrared spectroscopy technique have a potential for quickly detecting geographical classification of honey samples.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Wavelet decomposition
Controlled terms:Discriminant analysis - Food products - Forecasting - Infrared devices - Mathematical transformations - Models - Near infrared spectroscopy - Neural networks - Spectrum analysis - Textiles
Uncontrolled terms:Chemometrics - Classification models - Decomposition level - First derivative - Geographical origins - Honey - Kennard-Stone algorithm - Partial least squares-line discriminant analysis (PLS-LDA) - Prediction accuracy - Radical basis function neural networks  - Spectral data - Test sets - Training sets - Wavelet function
Classification code:943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 922 Statistical Methods - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 822.3 Food Products - 819 Synthetic and Natural Fibers; Textile Technology - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.061
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 66>

Accession number:20113814343630
Title:Research and implementation of home wind-hydro-solar micro-grid control strategy
Authors:Du, Haijiang (1); Yang, Minghao (1); Chou, Lili (1); Zhang, Zejun (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) China Agricultural University, Beijing 10083, China 
Corresponding author:Yang, M.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:277-282
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Distributed energy, micro-grid and smart grid are hot topics in the field of electric system. Main research subjects are focused on grid-connected control, power flow calculation, modeling and simulation, topology and control and so on, real operation systems are very few. Based on current research results, a set of home micro-grid is designed and developed. This system consists of such units as wind, hydro, solar power resources, battery and inverter. The micro-grid is monitored and dispatched by micro-grid energy manager and remote SCADA system. Based on system analysis, model building, simulation and operation design, three important functions are achieved, which include intelligent dispatch and power automated balance, plug and play and fault self-cure. This system has been put into operation for test in a village. The research achievements have reference values for energy management and dispatch control of smart grid.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Smart power grids
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Control - Electric inverters - Electricity - Energy management - Research - SCADA systems - Solar energy - Systems analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Control strategies - Distributed energies - Electric systems - Energy dispatch - Energy managers - Grid-connected controls - Home system - Micro grid - Modeling and simulation - On currents  - Operation system - Plug and play - Power flow calculations - Reference values - Research results - Research subjects - Smart grid
Classification code:732 Control Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 901.3 Engineering Research - 706.1 Electric Power Systems - 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 615.2 Solar Power - 525 Energy Management and Conversion - 704.2 Electric Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.048
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 67>

Accession number:20113814343641
Title:Cultivated land ecological security and spatial aggregation pattern in Hebei Province
Authors:Wang, Qian (1); Jin, Xiaobin (1); Zhou, Yinkang (1) 
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 
Corresponding author:Jin, X.(jinxb@nju.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:338-344
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Scientific evaluation of ecological security situation and the pattern of cultivated land is the key to sustainable use of regional land and premises. The results showed that: County of Hebei Province, 138 were arable land ecological security spatial distribution pattern of aggregation, Moran's I valueies was 0.630; range of memory in two provincial gathering area, gathering area by the high value of Shijiazhuang, Handan, Xingtai, and formed a total of 23 counties, the average arable land ecological security index was 0.377, low accumulation area from the Zhangjiakou and Chengde most of the composition, a total of 22 counties, the average arable land ecological security index 0.169; high value of the Theil index for large counties and the region gathered in the low accumulation area; macro perspective on the topography, rainfall, soil, land quality and other factors were the spatial distribution and aggregation patterns of the main drivers of differences. Land ecological security evaluation of Pattern Analysis and space science gathered designated areas of regional ecological security features to protect the region provide the scientific basis of food safety.
Number of references:30
Main heading:Ecology
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Geologic models - Land use - Models - Rain - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Aggregation patterns - Arable land - Cultivated lands - Ecological security - Energy theory - Hebei - Hebei Province - Land quality - Pattern analysis - Space science  - Spatial aggregation - Spatial agqregation pattern - Spatial distribution patterns - Sustainable use
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 443.3 Precipitation - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 481.1 Geology - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.059
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

<RECORD 68>

Accession number:20113814343644
Title:Soybean seeds selection based on computer vision
Authors:Wang, Runtao (1); Zhang, Changli (1); Fang, Junlong (1); Wang, Shuwen (1); Yang, Fang (1); Tian, Lei (2) 
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (2) Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois, Champaign 61801, United States 
Corresponding author:Fang, J.(jlfang@neau.edu.cn)
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:8
Issue date:August 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:355-359
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To achieve the design of soybean selected model, the normal soybean, gray spot soybean, moldy soybean and worm-eaten soybean were chosen from the three kinds of soybean, (DongNong 405, DongNong 410, DongNong 634). The soybean images were obtained and analyzed with the intelligent camera working without PC. The 15 characteristic parameters of soybean image, such as shape, color and texture were extracted by means of separating the soybean and background with dynamic threshold separation algorithm. The average recognition accuracy of model reached 98% by building the BP neutral network classification model. The 2000 soybeans were used to test of selected device and the test results showed that the selected accuracy of normal soybean, gray spot soybean, moldy soybean and worm-eaten soybean were 98.3%, 93.4%, 92.2% and 95.9%, respectively. The selection rate was 300 per minute. Soybean selected device with machine vision technology was feasible.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Computer vision
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Computer crime - Image processing - Models
Uncontrolled terms:BP neutral network - Characteristic parameter - Dynamic threshold - Intelligent cameras - Machine vision technologies - Recognition accuracy - Selection based - Separation algorithms - Soybean - Soybean seeds  - Winnow
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 741.2 Vision - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.08.062
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.