Accession number:20112013990424Title:Design and implementation of tree individual modeling tool based on compounded L-system
Authors:Lin, Yuxin (1); Tang, Liyu (1); Chen, Chongcheng (1); Lin, Minquan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab Of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of MOE, Spatial Information Research Center of Fujian, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Corresponding author:Chen, C.
      (chencc@fzu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:185-190
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A tree geometric modeling method based on the theory of L-systems was proposed in this paper, which was faithful to the plant morphology and the physiological ecology of tree growth process. Under its guidance and restraints, the dual purposes of "to restore status truly" and "to simulate processes scientifically" were reached. A method to compound L-system rule from organ scale to the whole tree scale was proposed, which could make the plant morphological and growth rule be reused easily. The function and architecture of LSTree software was designed. It was developed with VC , OpenGL Graphics standard, VRML (virtual reality modeling language) and Microsoft's MSXML application programming interface. The system has many functions such as input and output of tree model, three-dimensional display of trees, simulation of the tree growth process, etc. It provides a better human-computer interaction and a flexible, scientific way to manage and organize the model. The system is useful in many fields such as education, propaganda and scientific research on botany and ecology, precision agriculture.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Plant extracts
Controlled terms:Application programming interfaces (API) - Display devices - Ecology - Flexible displays - Human computer interaction - Knowledge management - Three dimensional - Virtual reality
Uncontrolled terms:Geometric modeling - Human-computer - Individual modeling - Input and outputs - L-systems - LSTree - MicroSoft - Morphological topology - OpenGL graphics - Plant morphology  - Precision Agriculture - Scientific researches - Three-dimensional display - Tree growth - Tree individual modeling - Tree models - Virtual reality modeling language
Classification code:454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 461.9 Biology - 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.035
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990413Title:Positioning method of integrated navigation based on GPS and machine vision
Authors:Chen, Yan (1); Zhang, Man (1); Ma, Wenqiang (1); Liu, Zhaoxiang (1); Ji, Ying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, China Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, M.
      (cauzm@cau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:126-130
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Accurate and reliable location information is the basis for the autonomous navigation of off-road vehicle. In this paper, a multi-sensor navigation positioning system, integrated with a RTK-GPS (Trimble AgGPS332/MS750) and a CCD camera (OK AC1310) was constructed. The RTK-GPS was used for obtaining the absolute position data, heading angle and speed of the vehicle; and the calibrated CCD camera was used for obtaining the baseline for navigation through the image processing and the feature points of crop rows. Based on the kinematics model of navigation vehicle, UKF filter was established to filter the information of the two sensors. An electric power vehicle was applied to the platform, and the position effects before and after filtering were compared. Experiments results showed that the standard deviations of X and Y were 2.44 m and 0.07 m separately with smoother location curves and the impact of jump points reduced after filtering by UKF. This multi-sensor navigation positioning system can overcome the disadvantages for using a single sensor and meet the requirements of the autonomous navigation system of off-road vehicles.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Global positioning system
Controlled terms:Automobile manufacture - CCD cameras - Computer vision - Machinery - Mathematical models - Navigation - Navigation systems - Off road vehicles - Roads and streets - Sensors  - Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms:Absolute position - Autonomous navigation - Autonomous navigation systems - Crop rows - Electric power - Feature point - Guidance - Heading angles - Integrated navigation - Kinematics models  - Location information - Machine vision - Multi sensor - Navigation vehicle - Position effect - Positioning methods - Positioning system - RTK-GPS - Single sensor - Standard deviation  - Unscented Kalman Filter
Classification code:801 Chemistry - 723.5 Computer Applications - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 663 Buses, Tractors and Trucks - 921 Mathematics - 662.1 Automobiles - 601 Mechanical Design - 434.4 Waterway Navigation - 432 Highway Transportation - 406.2 Roads and Streets - 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.024
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990449Title:Near-infrared spectral detection of moldy chestnut based on GA-LSSVM and FFT
Authors:Zhou, Zhu (1); Li, Xiaoyu (1); Li, Peiwu (2); Gao, Yun (1); Zhan, Hui (1); Liu, Jie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (2) Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430062, China
Corresponding author:Li, X.
      (lixiaoyu@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:331-335
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To overcome the shortage of massive data and multi colinearity in near infrared spectroscopy analysis, Fourier transform was employed on chestnut NIR spectra which was preprocessed with standard normal variate (SNV), and different modeling methods were utilized to improve recognition accuracy. Fourier coefficients were extracted from NIR spectra through trial method, and then discrimination models of moldy chestnuts were established based on least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). The highest mean accurate recognition rate of 93.56% was obtained when the first 35 Fourier coefficients were selected, and a hybrid algorithm, GA-LSSVM was developed and used to optimize the number of Fourier coefficients. As a result, the number of Fourier coefficients used for building recognition models was successfully reduced to 13, while the mean accurate recognition rate was raised to 97.54% and the discriminating rates of qualified chestnut, surface moldy chestnut and internal moldy chestnut were 95.89%, 100% and 98.25% for prediction, respectively. It is suggested that near infrared spectroscopy coupled with Fourier transform and GA-LSSVM methods can be used for rapid detection of moldy chestnut.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Fourier transforms
Controlled terms:Fourier analysis - Fruits - Genetic algorithms - Infrared devices - Least squares approximations - Metadata - Near infrared spectroscopy - Support vector machines - Waveform analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Building recognition - Chestnut - Colinearity - Discrimination model - Fourier coefficients - Hybrid algorithms - Identification - Least squares support vector machines - Massive data - Modeling method  - Near Infrared - NIR spectrum - Rapid detection - Recognition accuracy - Recognition rates - Spectral detection - Standard normal variates
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.060
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990429Title:Dynamic characteristic extraction of the draft tube vortex based on EMD multi-scale feature entropy
Authors:Xue, Yangang (1); Luo, Xingqi (1); Wang, Han (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; (2) Hydro-China Xibei Engineering Corporation, Xi'an 710046, China
Corresponding author:Wang, H.
      (hwang_spirit@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:210-214
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The key of hydroturbine fault diagnosis is to extract fault feature from monitoring signal. According to signal feature extraction, the combination method of empirical mode decomposition and index energy was used to extract the dynamic characteristic of draft tube. First, the signal was processed by EMD. Then, the index energy of IMF components were computed. Finally, based on the index energy, the multi-scale feature entropy as the characteristic vector of fault pattern recognition was established. The application of this theory was tested with an example of dynamic signal of prototype hydroturbine in non-optimal operating condition. The results showed that the developed method was more convenient and effective in extracting true characteristic parameters of hydroturbine. In addition, this method was appropriate for the analysis of complex and particular dynamic characteristics of hydroturbine.
Number of references:9
Main heading:Feature extraction
Controlled terms:Character recognition - Entropy - Hydraulic turbines - Signal processing
Uncontrolled terms:Characteristic parameter - Characteristic vectors - Combination method - Draft tubes - Dynamic characteristics - Dynamic signals - Empirical Mode Decomposition - Fault diagnosis - Fault feature - Hydroturbines  - Monitoring signals - Multi-scale features - Operating condition
Classification code:617.1 Hydraulic Turbines - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.040
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990440Title:Effects of crop stubbles on cotton yield and soil environment in continuously cropped cotton field
Authors:Xu, Wenxiu (1); Luo, Ming (1); Li, Yinping (1); Han, Jian (1); Wang, Jiao (1); Shu, Chunxia (1); Yu, Hong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (2) Cotton Engineering Research Centre of Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, China
Corresponding author:Xu, W.
      (xjxwx@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:271-275
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The cotton field continuously cropped for eight years was investigated between 2007 and 2008 in order to find out the effects on soil nutrients, soil microflora and cotton yield with different crop stubbles and the optimum stubbles for cotton. The result revealed that the content of soil organic matter, soil available nutrients and cotton yield with different crop stubbles treatment were all higher than that with continuous cotton cropping treatment, among which processing tomato stubble had a significant increase in soil available phosphorus, while wheat and corn stubbles had a significant increase in soil available potassium. All crop stubbles had apparent increases in the mass of microorganism in soil compared to that in cotton. In general, there was a increase in the number of bacteria and actinomycets, while a decrease in eumyophyta. The volume of ammonibacteria and physiological groups of nitrifying bacteria had significant increases in both sweet clover and processing tomato stubbles. The ranking (high to low) by cotton yield with different crop stubbles is processing tomato, sweet clover, wheat, corn, cotton; and processing tomato, corn and wheat can serve as appropriate interplant stubbles in cotton field.
Number of references:25
Main heading:Cotton
Controlled terms:Bacteria - Bacteriology - Crops - Fruits - Nitrification - Nutrients - Phosphorus - Potassium - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Available nutrients - Available phosphorus - Cotton yield - High-to-low - Interplant - Nitrifying bacteria - Soil environment - Soil microflora - Soil microorganism - Soil nutrient  - Soil nutrients - Soil organic matters - Stubble
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.051
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990427Title:Adaptive regulator control of the servo system location
Authors:He, Xianzhong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University of Industry, Zhuzhou 412011, China
Corresponding author:He, X.
      (hxzcxh@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:200-204
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:According to the characteristics of the servo system, and based on the control strategy of generalized time varying systems (4695) of model reference adaptive, a method was realized to adjust parameters of PID controller automatically. As the condition, disturbing, loads changed, the output waveform could be obtained according to the disturbance of the given value. Therefore the vector of characteristic parameters was got by the waveform identification device, and the parameters of PID controller could be updated through expert system, and the output response waveform of adjustable system was tending to ideal waveform. Simulation results show that the output can follow the input position change rapidly, steadily and accurately, and it has strong anti-interference ability as well.
Number of references:8
Main heading:Model reference adaptive control
Controlled terms:Controllers - Electric control equipment - Expert systems - Identification (control systems) - Proportional control systems - Time varying systems - Two term control systems
Uncontrolled terms:Adaptive regulators - Anti-interference - Characteristic parameter - Control strategies - Hybrid motors - Identification model - Model reference adaptive - Output response - Output waveform - PID controllers  - Self-adaptive - Servo system - Simulation result - Time varying - Wave forms - Waveform identification
Classification code:723.4.1 Expert Systems - 731.1 Control Systems - 732.1 Control Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.038
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990395Title:Effect of irrigation frequency on yield and leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat
Authors:Li, Quanqi (1); Shen, Jiayin (2); Zhao, Dandan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Lab for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
Corresponding author:Li, Q.
      (quanqili@sdau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:33-36
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the optimal water-saving and high-efficient irrigation pattern of winter wheat in North China, 3 irrigation treatments, irrigating 120 mm only at jointing stage, irrigating 60 mm each at jointing and heading stages, and irrigating 40 mm each at jointing, heading, and milking stages were conducted to study the effect of irrigation frequency on yield and leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat in Huabei Plain of North China. The results showed that under the condition of irrigating 120 mm during the growing season of winter wheat, the treatment which irrigated 60 mm at jointing and heading stages, respectively, the net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of winter wheat flag leaves significantly increased at milky stage and dough stage. With irrigating 60 mm at jointing and heading stages, respectively, the water use efficiency in flag leaves was significantly improved at milky and dough stages. The results indicated that irrigating 60 mm at jointing and heading stages during the winter wheat growing season, grain yield was the highest, which can be attributed to increased spike number. Under the condition of irrigation amount 120 mm at the growing season of winter wheat in North China, it was suggest that winter wheat should be irrigated 60 mm at jointing and heading stages to achieve reasonable water use efficiency and grain yield.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Efficiency - Irrigation - Water conservation - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Grain yield - Growing season - Irrigation frequency - Irrigation patterns - Irrigation treatments - Leaf water - Net photosynthesis rate - North China - Transpiration rates - Water use efficiency  - Water-saving - Winter wheat
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.1 Production Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.006
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990397Title:Effects of different rates of straw mulch on soil moisture and yield of spring maize in Weibei Highland area of China
Authors:Cai, Taiyi (1); Jia, Zhikuan (1); Meng, Lei (3); Guo, Fangqian (3); Yang, Baoping (1); Huang, Yaowei (4); Ren, Xiaolong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) The Chinese Arid Area Research Institute of Water-saving Agriculture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100026, China; (4) The Agriculture Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450008, China
Corresponding author:Jia, Z.
      (Zhikuan@tom.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:43-48
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A field experiment (2008-2009) was conducted at the Heyang Dryland Farming Experimental Station in Shaanxi Province of China to determine the effects of straw mulch rates on soil moisture and spring maize (Zea mays L.) yield. Maize straw at rates of 0 (CK), 4500, 9000 and 13500 kg/hm² was placed on field plots. The results indicated that the average soil water storage in the 0-200 cm soil layers under the three different rates of straw mulch were 16.52, 25.52 and 34.04 mm, respectively, significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of CK, and the average field evapotranspiration (ET) in the 0-200 cm soil layers were 4.43, 8.23 and 6.96 mm, respectively, significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of CK during 0-60 days after sowing. Besides, the average grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of the treatment with 9000 kg/hm² of straw mulch were optimal among the treatments, its grain yield and WUE increased by 11.03% (P<0.05) and 9.25% (P<0.05) compared with the CK, while it was medium with the treatment of 13000 kg/hm², and lowest with the treatment with 4500 kg/hm². It is suggested that the treatment with 9000 kg/hm² of straw mulch is preferable for Weibei highland area in China, as the precipitation is below than 390 mm during the maize growing season.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Moisture determination - Soil moisture - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Average field - Dryland farming - Experimental stations - Field experiment - Field plot - Grain yield - Maize growing season - Maize straw - Mulch rates - Soil layer  - Soil water storage - Spring maize - Straw mulch - Water-use efficiency - Weibei Highland - Yield
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 944.2 Moisture Measurements
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.008
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990450Title:Investigation of moldy corn fast detection based on signal-to-noise ratio spectrum analysis technique
Authors:Hui, Guohua (1); Ni, Yu (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China
Corresponding author:Hui, G.
      (ghui@zjgsu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:336-340
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Moldy corn not only causes huge financial losses to our country, but also does great harm to human health and life safety. Stochastic resonance signal-to-noise ratio analysis technique is a novel method in sensor signal feature extraction field. In this paper, a gas detection method using semiconductor gas sensor and stochastic resonance signal-to-noise ratio analysis technique was established for rapid detection of moldy corn. Four kinds of corn samples were detected by the proposed method. The results showed that the signal-to-noise ratio analysis technique could characterize the moldy corn feature, and the detecting signal did not need pre-processing. The system has the advantages such as fast response, shorter desorption time, easy to use, low cost, durable, and so on. The system is promising in practical application.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Signal detection
Controlled terms:Chemical sensors - Circuit resonance - Desorption - Feature extraction - Gas detectors - Interferometry - Losses - Magnetic resonance - Signal to noise ratio - Spectrum analysis  - Stochastic systems
Uncontrolled terms:Analysis techniques - Desorption time - Extraction fields - Fast response - Financial loss - Gas detection methods - Gas sensors - Human health - Life safety - Low costs  - Moldy corn - Novel methods - Pre-processing - Rapid detection - Ratio analysis - Ratio spectra - Semiconductor gas sensors - Sensor signals - Signal to noise - Signal-to-noise ratio spectrum analysis  - Stochastic resonances
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 921 Mathematics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 941.4 Optical Variables Measurements - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 801 Chemistry - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 703.1.1 Electric Network Analysis - 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 802.3 Chemical Operations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.061
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990391Title:Application and improvement of Hydrus-1D model for analyzing water cycle in an agricultural field
Authors:Ma, Huan (1); Yang, Dawen (1); Lei, Huimin (1); Cai, Jianfeng (2); Tetsuya, Kusuda (3)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (2) Management Office of the Weishan Irrigation District, Liaocheng 252000, China; (3) Department of Environmental Resources and Systems, University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Japan
Corresponding author:Ma, H.
      (mah06@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:6-12
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Water cycle during 2006-2009 in a typical agricultural field of the Weishan irrigation district, which is located along the downstream of Yellow River in the North China Plain, was analyzed using the Hydrus-1D model. The equation for calculating the bulk surface resistance was modified according to the observed data. The simulated ET was compared with the observed ET by the eddy covariance system, and the result showed that simulation using modified resistance equation provided much better results than that of the original model. ET analysis showed that, for areas covered with seasonal vegetation, LAI determined the seasonal variation of ET, while weather condition determined ET variation at a much smaller time scale (e.g., one week). Comparing the simulated soil water content with the observed data by TDR, showed that the model could simulate soil water appropriately. Water balance analysis showed that about 80% of the rainfall and irrigation were consumed by ET, and drainage from the field mainly occurred during rainy season.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Water content
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Geologic models - Irrigation - Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural fields - Eddy covariance systems - HYDRUS-1D - Irrigation districts - North China Plain - Observed data - Original model - Rainy seasons - Resistance equations - Seasonal variation  - Soil water - Soil water content - Time-scales - Water balance - Water balance analysis - Water cycle - Weather conditions - Weishan irrigation district - Yellow river
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.002
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990448Title:Integration of cultivated land quality grades and environmental assessment achievements by using searching method
Authors:Zhang, Xiaopei (1); Zhang, Chao (1); Zhu, Dehai (1); Sang, Lingling (1); Yun, Wenju (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Recources Compehensive Survey, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China; (3) Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, The Ministry of Land Resources, Beijing 100035, China
Corresponding author:Yun, W.
      (yunwenju@vip.sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:325-330
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:On the premise of the necessity of integration of cultivated land quality grades and geochemical assessment achievements and aiming at the weights determination in the integration process, the searching method was put forward to determine weights value range of cultivated land utilizations and environmental health grades by analyzing the changes of errors. Considering the influences the grade numbers on the changes of errors, the equal interval was changed and three gradation projects were designed on the premise of unchanged data base, which aimed to the integration and analysis of errors. The method proposed was verified in a county of west part in Jilin Province. The results indicated that the reasonable value range of cultivated land utilization grades was [0.7, 0.9]. The integration achievements can reflect the distribution of cultivated land quality by using different gradation projects in the integrated evaluation of the cultivated land in the researching region.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Analytical geochemistry - Errors - Integration - Rating
Uncontrolled terms:Cultivated lands - Data base - Environment assessments - Environmental assessment - Environmental health - Equal intervals - Farmland classifiction - Geochemical assessment - Geochemical assessments - Integrated evaluation  - Integration process - Jilin Province - Reasonable value - Searching method - Searching methods
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 801 Chemistry - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 921 Mathematics - 921.2 Calculus
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.059
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990396Title:Effects of water-retaining agent on soil water moverment and water use efficiency of maize sowed with absolved water-storing irrigation
Authors:Li, Haiyan (1); Zhang, Rui (1); Wang, Fuxia (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (2) Institute of Survey and Design for Hydro-engineering in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
Corresponding author:Li, H.
      (lihaiyan@gsau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:37-42
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on field experiment of maize sowing with absolved water-storing irrigation, the effects of water-retaining agent on soil water momvent, dynamic of soil water, water consumption amount during whole growth period, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) were studied. The results showed that application of water-retaining agent 2.5 g/m² (YB2.5) could enhance yield and soil water content near the root of crop significantly, and could save water remarkably. Water holding efficiency for the application of water-retaining agent 1.5 g/m² (YB1.5) and seed dressing with water-retaining agent (YBH) treatment was good within 101 days after sowing, but the effect of water holding gradually decreased after 101 days. There was no apparent difference on soil water content between treatments YB0.5 and YB0, so water holding efficiency would not be improved obviously if little water-retaining agent was applied.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Water content
Controlled terms:Efficiency - Irrigation - Soil moisture - Water conservation - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Maize - Soil water movement - Sowed with water - Water use efficiency - Water-holding agent
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.1 Production Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.007
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990459Title:Predicting grain protein content in winter wheat based on TM images and partial least squares regression
Authors:Tan, Changwei (1); Wang, Jihua (2); Huang, Wenjiang (2); Wang, Junchan (2); Zhu, Xinkai (1); Guo, Wenshan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100089, China
Corresponding author:Guo, W.
      (guows@yzu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:388-392
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to further improve the accuracy of predicting winter wheat grain protein content (GPC) by remote sensing, the study analyzed the quantitative relationship between satellite remote sensing variables and GPC. Depending on the partial least squares regression (PLS), the multivariable remote sensing prediction model and the space level distribution map of winter wheat grain protein content were constructed. For the PLS model, the number of the best principal components was 5, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), structure insensitive pigment index (SIPI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), nitrogenous reflection index (NRI) and plant senescence reflectance index (PSRI) were identified as the sensitive remote sensing variables for predicting GPC. The determination coefficient (R²) and the root mean square error (RMSE) between estimated value and measured value of GPC were 0.642 and 0.307%, respectively. The results indicate that PLS method can provide an effective way to improve the accuracy of predicting wheat grain quality at large scale by remote sensing data.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Mammals - Mathematical models - Model predictive control - Predictive control systems - Principal component analysis - Proteins - Remote sensing - Space optics - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms:Determination coefficients - Grain protein contents - LANDSAT TM - Level distribution - Multi variables - Normalized difference vegetation index - Partial least squares regression - PLS models - Prediction model - Principal Components  - Ratio vegetation indices - Reflectance index - Reflection index - Remote sensing data - Root mean square errors - Satellite remote sensing - TM image - Wheat grains - Winter wheat
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 741.1 Light/Optics - 732 Control Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.070
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990436Title:Microbial degradation of steam exploded cotton stalks and optimization of fermentation technology
Authors:Zhang, Qin (1); Li, Yanbin (1); Pu, Yunfeng (1); Liu, Zhanwen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China; (2) Xinjiang Prod. and Constr. Corps Key Lab. of Protect. and Utiliz. of Biol. Rsrc. in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.
      (ydhant@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:248-253
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to understand the microbial degradation of steam exploded cotton stalks, the microbial fermentation period and fermentation technical parameters were studied. Curves of cellulase activity were built to determine the microbial fermentation period of steam exploded cotton stalks, and on the basis of single factors experiments, orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the fermentation technical parameters. The results revealed that the microbial degradation of steam exploded cotton stalks started quickly, at the 4th day of the fermentation process, CMCase and FPase gained the highest value, so 4-day-stage was determined as the fermentation period. Factors as nitrogen source, fermentation temperature, original pH value and inoculation quantity set in process of steam exploded cotton stalks degradation showed very significant effects on CMCase and glycosylated ratio. Effects of nitrogen source on FPase and cellulose-decomposing ratio reached very significant levels, and the original pH value affected the cellulose-decomposing ratio significantly, while other factors had no significant affect. Considering the effects of all the four factors on cellulase production, glycosylation and cellulose-degradation of steam exploded cotton stalks, the optimized technical conditions were gained: bran extract as nitrogen source, temperature at 30°C, original pH value at 6.5, inoculation quantity at 1.0%. The research results provide technical reference for further exploitation of cotton stalks.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Fermentation
Controlled terms:Biodegradation - Cellulose - Cotton - Curve fitting - Degradation - Experiments - Nitrogen - Optimization - pH effects - Steam
Uncontrolled terms:Cellulase activity - Cellulase production - Cotton stalk - Fermentation process - Fermentation temperature - Glycosylated - In-process - Microbial degradation - Microbial fermentation - Nitrogen sources  - Orthogonal experiment - pH value - Research results - Technical conditions
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 819.1 Natural Fibers - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.2 Biochemistry - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 614 Steam Power Plants
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.047
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990411Title:Virtual ergonomics design and evaluation of agricultural equipment cab
Authors:Qiu, Ying (1); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1); Mao, Enrong (1); Song, Zhenghe (1); Liu, Hui (1); Xu, Jing (1); Li, Chencheng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Song, Z.
      (songzhenghe@gmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:117-121
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In this paper, ergonomics and virtual reality were used to evaluate the agricultural equipment cab. Firstly, typical agricultural equipments such as tractors and combine harvesters were chosen as the research object. The ergonomics evaluation index system was established, and parametric model was designed by using OpenGL and virtual reality system was developed for interactive features. The objective evaluation method based on hierarchical fuzzy synthetically evaluation and subjective evaluation method based on virtual cruise and interaction were researched. Finally, based on VS.NET development system and Multigen Vega Prime VR platform, the virtual ergonomics design and evaluation system for agricultural equipment was realized. The cab of a tractor was built and evaluated through the system. The results show that the system is an important approach to design and evaluate agricultural equipment cab.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Ergonomics
Controlled terms:Equipment - Harvesters - Machine design - Machinery - Rating - Tractors (agricultural) - Tractors (truck) - User interfaces - Virtual reality
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural equipment - Cab - Combine harvesters - Development systems - Ergonomics design - Evaluation - Evaluation index system - Evaluation system - Hierarchical fuzzy - Interactive features  - Objective evaluation - Parametric models - Research object - Subjective evaluations - Vega primes - Virtual reality system
Classification code:901 Engineering Profession - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment - 601 Mechanical Design - 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.022
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990399Title:Prediction of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load in Jialing River watershed based on distributed hydrological model
Authors:Wu, Lei (1); Long, Tianyu (1); Wang, Yuxia (1); Lu, Qiqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Eco-environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; (2) Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing 400045, China
Corresponding author:Long, T.
      (longty128@yahoo.com.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:55-60
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To study non-point source pollution carried by rainfall runoff in the large-scale basins, based on semi-distributed land use runoff processes (SLURP) model, the construction method for prediction models of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) load, and the future meteorological parameters and land-use map were proposed respectively. By application of the proposed approaches, the monthly TP and TN loads of land use, livestock and agricultural population on the Jialing River watershed in the future were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that the increased volume of rainfall runoff, livestock and poultry in predicting year led to increased pollution load. Compared with the base year, the monthly maximum increases of nitrogen and phosphorus load were both in June, which were 28.6% and 22.5% respectively. The total land-use output load changed little together with changes of land-use types due to measures such as returning farmland to forests, but it was still the largest contribution.
Number of references:22
Main heading:River pollution
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Climate models - Forecasting - Land use - Landforms - Nitrogen - Phosphorus - Pollution - Rain - Rivers  - Runoff - Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms:Hydrological models - Loads - Non-point source pollution - River watersheds - Simulation analysis
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 481.1 Geology - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 921 Mathematics - 453 Water Pollution - 443.3 Precipitation - 443 Meteorology - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 444.1 Surface Water
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.010
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990456Title:Optimization of intermittent microwave drying technology for lees by response surface methodology
Authors:Zhang, Lihua (1); Zhang, Wen (2); Lü, Zhenzhen (3); Wang, Zhisheng (4)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 610044, China; (2) College of Information and Engineering Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; (3) College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; (4) Research Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z.
      (wangzs@sicau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:369-374
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The intermittent microwave drying experiments were conducted to optimize the lees drying process and improve its quality after drying. Taking drying rate, energy consumption and quality as target parameters, the three factors were scored by using the comprehensive evaluation of the membership-degree method. According to the central composite experimental design principle, the response surface methodology was adopted to discuss the influence caused by microwave power, lees thickness and pulse ratio. In addition, the quadratic polynomial regression model was established to optimize the drying techniques. The results showed that effects order of three factors on lees drying were as follows: pulse ratio first, lees thickness second, and then microwave power. The optimal parameters of intermittent microwave drying method for lees were microwave power of 480 W, lees thickness of 2.78 cm and pulse ratio of 6.625, then the largest comprehensive score of 0.723 was obtained. The study provides a theoretical basis for further study on microwave drying equipment and technology for lees.
Number of references:22
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Energy utilization - Microwave generation - Microwave heating - Microwave power transmission - Optimization - Regression analysis - Surface properties
Uncontrolled terms:Central composite - Comprehensive evaluation - Drying process - Drying rates - Drying technique - Energy consumption - Experimental design - Intermittent microwave - Lees - Microwave drying  - Microwave power - Optimal parameter - Parameters extraction - Quadratic polynomial - Response surface methodology - Target parameter - Theoretical basis
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 951 Materials Science - 711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media - 642.1 Process Heating - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.067
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990451Title:Color linear CCD black germ segmentation of wheat kernel based on self-adapting dual threshold
Authors:Chen, Fengnong (1); Cheng, Fang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Corresponding author:Cheng, F.
      (fcheng@zju.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:341-344
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In the assessment of food quality grade, the number of black germ kernels will affect the overall classification of wheat. With 710 wheat kernels containing black germ kernels, 627 break kernels and 1167 normal wheat kernels produced in Xinjiang and Henan province, the color linear CCD was used to acquire images of the wheat kernels. After removing the margin of original image background, correcting color offset, image enhancing, morphological processing and ternary of the original image, the feature of black germ kernels was extracted effectively. In the experiment, the recognition accuracy of black germ kernel, break kernel and normal kernel were 95.1%, 96.0% and 98.3%, respectively. The results show that the method is feasible and effective to segment black germ kernels.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Color
Controlled terms:Feature extraction - Grain (agricultural product) - Image enhancement
Uncontrolled terms:Black germ kernel - Food quality - Henan Province - Image enhancing - Linear CCD - Morphological processing - Original images - Recognition accuracy - Self adapting - Wheat  - Wheat kernels - Xinjiang
Classification code:741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.062
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990454Title:Effects of grape seed extracts on shelf life of no starch ham sausage
Authors:Yan, Wenjie (1); Li, Xingmin (2); Li, Miaoxuan (1); Wang, Ran (1); Cui, Jianyun (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Applied Arts and Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Cui, J.
      (jycui@cau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:357-361
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the effects of grape seed extracts on shelf life of no starch ham sausage, different concentrations of grape seed extracts solutions (0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20%) were added to ham sausage, and total bacterial count, pH value etc were detected after storage at 0-4°C. The results showed that sensory quality of ham sausage with grape seed extracts was significantly better than that of controlled samples. Total bacterial count, pH value, TVB-N value, TBA value and b ^* of treatment samples were significantly lower than that of controlled group, and L ^* and a ^* were significantly higher than controlled group. The higher concentration of grape seed extracts had significant effect on total bacterial count, pH value and L ^*, but had no significant effect on TVB-N value, TBA value, a ^* and b ^*. Based on an overall consideration of production costs and application results, 0.20% grape seed extracts was recommended in production.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Meats
Controlled terms:Bacteriology - Fruits - pH effects - Quality control - Seed - Starch
Uncontrolled terms:Grape seed extract - Grape seeds - Ham sausage - pH value - Production cost - Sensory qualities - Shelf life - Total bacterial count
Classification code:801.1 Chemistry, General - 801.2 Biochemistry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.3 Food Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.065
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990403Title:Optimization on variable speed operation with VFD for No.3 Huaiyin pumping station based on decomposition-dynamic programming aggregation method
Authors:Gong, Yi (1); Cheng, Jilin (1); Zhang, Rentian (1); Zhang, Lihua (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (2) Jiangsu Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China
Corresponding author:Cheng, J.
      (jlcheng@yzu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:79-83
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The mathematical model of optimal daily operation with variable speed for multiple pump units in single pumping station was constructed by taking the minimal daily electric cost as objective function. Considering the efficiency of variable frequency drive (VFD) varied with the unit rotational speed, the decomposition-dynamic programming aggregation method was applied to solve the model above. Taking minimal daily electric cost as objective function, the water quantity pumped by units as coordinated variable, this model was decomposed into several sub-models of daily optimal operation with variable speed for single pump unit. The constructed aggregation model took water quantity pumped by each pump unit as decision variable, the discrete values of water quantity pumped by pumping station as state variable. Both sub-model and aggregation model were solved by means of dynamic programming method. The decomposition-dynamic programming aggregation method could solve the optimal variable speed operation issues for multiple pump units with different types or the units of the same type with performance differences in single pumping station. Through the study on the operation of No.3 Huaiyin Pumping Station which is the third stage pumping station of South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China, a series of optimization results were obtained.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Dynamic programming
Controlled terms:Dynamic models - Flood control - Functions - Hydraulic control equipment - Optimization - Pumping plants - Pumps - Runoff - Speed - Variable speed drives  - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Aggregation - Aggregation methods - Aggregation model - Decision variables - Discrete values - Dynamic programming methods - Electric costs - Multiple pump units - Objective functions - Optimal daily operation  - Optimal operation - Optimal variables - Pumping stations - Rotational speed - Single pumps - South-to-North water diversion project - State variables - Submodels - Variable frequency drives - Variable speed  - Variable speed operation with VFD - Variable speed operations - Water quantities
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 732.1 Control Equipment - 705.1 Electric Machinery, General - 931.1 Mechanics - 618.2 Pumps - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 446 Waterworks - 444.1 Surface Water - 454.1 Environmental Engineering, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.014
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990453Title:Effects of ultrasound pretreatment on drying time for intermediate-dried litchi
Authors:Yan, Xiaohui (1); Yu, Xiaolin (1); Hu, Zhuoyan (1); Yu, Kai (1); Zheng, Yinle (1); Li, Yongjie (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Yu, X.
      (yuxiaolin2002@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:351-356
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the drying time for intermediate-dried litchi drying and its mechanism. Based on the results of single factor experiments, the conditions of ultrasound pretreatment were optimized and the predictive regression model was established by response surface methodology. The results showed that the efficiency of litchi drying was improved indicated by the reduction of drying time. The optimal drying conditions of intermediate-dried litchi were concluded as follows: ultrasound frequency 40 kHz, ultrasound pretreatment time 32.6 min and ultrasound power 354 W, the time needed for the wet basis moisture content of litchi pulp reached 32% was 15.65 h in the predicted optimal condition, compared to 26.80 h in control experiment. The observed mean value in the confirmation experiments was 15.93 h, which was close to the predicted value. The results indicated that the established optimized model was reliable. The observation of microstructure by scanning electron microscope showed that different ultrasound pretreatment conditions led to the damage of cell structure of litchi exocarp and endocarp, which allowed increasing water diffusivity and therefore reduced the drying time.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Drying
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Diffusion in liquids - Experiments - Fruit juices - Optimization - Regression analysis - Scanning electron microscopy - Surface properties - Ultrasonics
Uncontrolled terms:Cell structure - Drying condition - Drying time - In-control - Intermediate-dried litchi - Mean values - Moisture contents - Optimal conditions - Regression model - Response surface methodology  - Scanning Electron Microscope - Ultrasound frequency - Ultrasound pretreatment - Water diffusivity
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 901.3 Engineering Research - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 822.3 Food Products - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves - 642.1 Process Heating - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.064
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990443Title:Calculating method of effective area of arable land based on fuzzy and trend prediction model
Authors:Zhang, Zhanlu (1); Yin, Xiuyun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Z.
      (gongwu007@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:288-294
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The areas of arable lands in most statistical surveys in China today are not the effective areas of arable lands. It contains the areas of many small land features. This paper presented a mathematic analysys method to compute the effective area of arable lands by deducting the area of small land features from the statistical data on the area of arable lands. The method integrated the relevant remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) technologies with a fuzzy GM (1, 1) model and a prediction model. Once the area of non-cultivatable small land features was calculated by the model, the effective area of arable lands was then computed by subtracting the calculated area of those land features from the total area of the arable lands. The method was empirically applied in Shunyi district, Beijing to test its applicability. The case study results indicated the method was effective with minimum labor, material and financial costs, and can be easily applied to other regions to calculate the effective area of the arable lands.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Forecasting - Geographic information systems - Land use - Mathematical models - Remote sensing - System theory
Uncontrolled terms:Arable land - Calculating methods - Effective area - Financial costs - GM (1, 1) model - Prediction model - Shunyi District - Small land feature - Statistical datas - Statistical survey  - Trend prediction - Trend prediction model
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 723.3 Database Systems - 731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics - 961 Systems Science
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.054
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990405Title:Effects of deep mechanized application of slow-release fertilizers on physiological characteristics of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice
Authors:Shu, Shifu (1); Tang, Xiangru (1); Luo, Xiwen (2); Li, Guoxi (1); Wang, Zaiman (2); Zheng, Tianxiang (1); Jia, Xingna (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (2) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Corresponding author:Tang, X.
      (tangxr@scau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:89-92
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the high-yield mechanism of deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers, the field experiments were carried out to study effects of deep mechanized application of slow-release fertilizers on physiological characteristics of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice which were Peizataifeng (Super Hybrid Rice) and Yuxiangyouzhan (Super Inbred Rice). Results showed that compared with manual broadcast application of the slow-release fertilizers at the full heading stage and the mature stage, the photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content (SPARD value) increased significantly by 22.00%-4.13%, 9.5%-12.37%, 2.74%-4.44% and 6.01%-6.66%, respectively, and the activities of super-oxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice of all treatments (including T1, T2 and T3) for deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers increased significantly, while their malondialdehyde (MDA) content reduced significantly at full heading stage, 15 days after full heading and mature stage. These results indicated that the deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers can promote photosynthesis and resist, then enhance yield of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Aldehydes - Chlorophyll - Experiments - Physiology - Principal component analysis - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll contents - Deep mechanized application of fertilizers - Dismutase - Field experiment - Malondialdehyde - Photosynthetic rate - Physiological characteristics - Precision hill-direct-seeding - Slow release fertilizers
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.016
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990419Title:Feature extraction based on visual invariance and species identification of weed seeds
Authors:Zhao, Wencang (1); Wang, Junxin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, W.
      (wencangzhao@gmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:158-161
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the biological stability genetic characteristics of seeds, a method of feature extraction was presented based on visual invariance. The paper analyzed the morphological characteristics and the Hu's invariant moments, and extracted 16 features of weed seeds on the basis of the analysis. These features could effectively represent the weed seeds of biological stability genetic characteristics. Experiment results showed that the extracted 16 features with visual invariant which were taken as Back Propagation (BP) neural network identification and classification of the feature sets could quickly identify the weed seeds with a high recognition rate. Therefore, the method is important in the plant quarantine and agricultural production.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Feature extraction
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Backpropagation - Neural networks - Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Back propagation neural networks - Biological stability - Feature sets - Genetic characteristics - Invariant moment - Morphological characteristic - Recognition rates - Species identification - Visual invariance  - Weed seed - Weed seeds
Classification code:716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.030
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990401Title:Simulation of soil water content in farm lands with the BEPS ecological model
Authors:Liu, Zhao (1); Zhou, Yanlian (1); Ju, Weimin (2); Gao, Ping (3)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (2) International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (3) Meteorological Observatory of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Zhou, Y.
      (zhouyl@nju.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:67-72
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Soil water content (SWC) is an important factor which affects the growth of crops and also a valuable parameter required for scientific agricultural water management. Therefore, simulation and prediction of SWC are of significance for agriculture. The aim of the paper was to validate the ability of the mechanistic ecosystem model BEPS to simulate SWC of farm lands in areas with a monsoon climate and to investigate the major factors causing uncertainties in simulated SWC. Simulated SWC was compared with measurements in the growing seasons of winter wheat during 2000 to 2004 at Xuzhou agrometeorological station, Jiangsu province. The results showed that BEPS model was in general able to capture the seasonal and interannual variations of SWC, with R² in the range from 0.1339 to 0.9225, root mean square error and mean absolute error in the range from 0.026113 to 0.06317 and 0.0232 to 0.0525, respectively. Simulated SWC was sensitive to saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) and the parameter b. The reliability and sensitivity of the simulated results depended on the condition of SWC and prepipitation. Simulated SWC was underestimated by the model and its sensitivity to K and b increased during the period with continuously sparse precipitation and low SWC.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Climate models - Ecology - Geologic models - Hydraulic conductivity - Sensitivity analysis - Soil moisture - Water content - Water management
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural water management - BEPS model - Ecological models - Ecosystem model - Farm land - Growing season - Jiangsu province - Major factors - Mean absolute error - Monsoon climate  - Reliability and sensitivity - Root mean square errors - Saturated hydraulic conductivity - Seasonal and interannual variations - Simulated results - Soil water content - Winter wheat
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 632.1 Hydraulics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 921 Mathematics - 481.1 Geology - 444 Water Resources - 443 Meteorology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.012
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990445Title:Scenarios simulation of town land use change under different spatial constraints
Authors:Zhou, Rui (1); Su, Hailong (1); Hu, Yuanman (2); Li, Yuehui (2); Liu, Miao (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Urban Planning and Development Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (2) Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Corresponding author:Su, H.
      (fdsuhailong@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:300-308
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The purpose of the paper is to study the land use change under different scenarios of Xinzhuang Town in the future decades. Based on land-use historical data extracted from four periods high-resolution remote sensing images of Xinzhuang Town, integrated with GIS spatial analysis technology, three scenarios were designed: 1) current trend (CT), 2) urban planning and basic farmland protection (PF), 3) ecological and environmental protection (EE), under current land-use trend, farmland protection and ecological safety, to make different spatial constraints. The CLUE-S model was used to forecast land use change in the next 20 years of Xinzhuang Town under different scenarios, and the spatio-temporal characteristics, spatial pattern and ecological risks of different modeling results were compared. The results showed that Xinzhuang Town would be faced with continuous construction land increasing, and the scenario CT would be the most significant, and a large amount of farmland would be lost under all scenarios. But the land use change characteristics, landscape pattern and ecological security showed obvious differentiation under different scenarios. It is concluded that the scenario PF is the recommended future land use change scenario from comprehensively compared results. Simulation results of CLUE-S model can reflect future land use change and potential ecological risk of different constraints, and the scenario design and spatial modeling method of CLUE-S model will be useful for decision-making of land use plan.
Number of references:28
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Computerized tomography - Ecology - Farms - Image reconstruction - Remote sensing - Risk perception - Urban planning
Uncontrolled terms:CLUE-S - Construction land - Current trends - Ecological risks - Ecological safety - Ecological security - High resolution remote sensing - Historical data - Land-use change - Land-use plan  - Landscape pattern - Modeling results - Potential ecological risk - Scenario design - Simulation result - Space constraints - Spatial analysis - Spatial constraints - Spatial modeling - Spatial patterns  - Spatiotemporal characteristics
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 731.1 Control Systems - 922.1 Probability Theory - 723.5 Computer Applications - 403.1 Urban Planning and Development - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.056
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990417Title:Theoretical analysis of volumetric efficiency and phenomenon of trapped oil under centrifugation in external spur-gear pump
Authors:Li, Yulong (1); Sun, Fuchun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Industrial Manufacturing College of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.
      (leo-world@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:147-151
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For understanding the impact of high-speed centrifugation caused by rotating hydraulic oil on volumetric efficiency and phenomenon of trapped oil in external spur-gear pump, the amendment to original gas volume percentage mixed in inlet working oil was presented for analysis of this impact. From the assumption on only considering the compressibility of oil mixed with gas, and pure hydraulic oil and mixed oil respectively accumulated in outside and inside of non-tooth space, the formula of volumetric efficiency only under the impact of centrifugation, gas volume percentage mixed in trapped oil and amendment to original mixed gas volume percentage were derived. The simulation results of two sets of data showed that the impact on phenomenon of trapped oil under centrifugation was opposite to volume efficiency, the higher rotate speed, the smaller volume efficiency; the lower outlet pressure, the better effect of centrifugation on phenomenon of trapped oil. These indicate that the general parameters of gear pair in external spur-gear pump should be optimally designed, and the method can provide a reference for high-speed development of external spur-gear pump.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Centrifugation
Controlled terms:Centrifuges - Efficiency - Gases - Gear pumps - Hydraulic fluids - Hydraulics - Pressure effects - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Gas volume - High-speed - Hydraulic oil - Mixed gas - Outlet pressures - Phenomenon of trapped oil - Rotate speed - Simulation result - Volume efficiency - Volumetric efficiency
Classification code:931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 931.1 Mechanics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 632.1 Hydraulics - 618.2 Pumps
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.028
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990432Title:Predicting mature date of winter wheat with HJ-1A/1B data
Authors:Meng, Jihua (1); Wu, Bingfang (1); Du, Xin (1); Dong, Taifeng (1); Niu, Liming (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Corresponding author:Wu, B.
      (wubf@irsa.ac.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:225-230
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Predicting crop mature date and producing harvesting order is an important field of applying remote sensing in precision farming. Current crop phenophase monitoring method with remote sensing cannot meet the needs of precision farming, due to its low spatial resolution and time lag in information acquiring. Taking Yucheng (Shandong) as study area, this paper analyzed the dynamic variation of moisture content and chlorophyll in the maturing period of winter wheat to provide theoretical basis for mature date prediction. Winter wheat mature date predicting model was developed through regression analysis by using VI from HJ-1A CCD to describe the change of chlorophyll and NDWI from HJ-1B IRS to describe the change of water content. The winter wheat mature date map of Yucheng was produced. The a correlation between predicted and observed mature dates has reached very significant level. A rather consistent maturing order could be concluded. Taking the predictions with errors less than 1 day as successful prediction, the accuracy was 65%. The study showed that HJ-1A/1B data can be effectively used for winter wheat mature data prediction, universal predicting model with remote sensing data of different temporal period will be the focus in the following research.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Forecasting
Controlled terms:Chlorophyll - Control system analysis - Crops - Regression analysis - Remote sensing - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Data prediction - Dynamic variations - HJ data - Information acquiring - Mature date - Moisture contents - Monitoring methods - Phenophase - Precision farming - Predicting models  - Pridictive control systems - Remote sensing data - Shandong - Spatial resolution - Study areas - Theoretical basis - Time lag - Winter wheat
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 731.1 Control Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.043
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990458Title:Effects of heat-shock treatments on storage of fresh-cut cucumbers
Authors:Su, Yadong (1); Wang, Qingguo (1); Chen, Yuzhen (2); Feng, Xiaohui (1); Zhou, Xiaolin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; (2) Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Q.
      (wqgyyy@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:381-387
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the effective method to extend shelf-life of fresh-cut cucumbers and improve its quality and safety, effects on storage quality and microorganism of heat-shock treatment on fresh-cut cucumbers during storage were studied. The results showed that the reduction of water content, soluble solids concentrations, firmness and vitamin C content were defered by heat-shock treatment, and high quality was maintained throughout storage. The 48-49°C, 10 min heat-shock treatment showed the best effects, and storage time was up to 9 days. During storage of fresh-cut cucumbers at 5°C, populations of coliforms, molds and yeasts increased by days while staphylococcus aureus was not detected. After heat-shock treatment, populations of coliforms, molds and yeasts were reduced effectively and the growth of them was clearly inhibited. Preliminary studies showed that microbial resistance of fresh-cut cucumbers was induced by heat-shock treatment, and the growth of microorganism was also inhibited by heat-shock treatment at the later period of storage.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Heat resistance
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Bacteria - Molds - Population statistics - Vitamins - Water content - Yeast
Uncontrolled terms:Coliforms - Fresh-cut - Heat-shock - Heat-shock treatment - High quality - Microbial resistance - Preservation - Shelf life - Soluble solids - Staphylococcus aureus  - Storage quality - Storage time - Vitamin C
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 816.2 Plants and Machinery for Plastics and Other Polymers - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 461.9 Biology - 444 Water Resources - 801.2 Biochemistry
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.069
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990425Title:Identification of varieties of rice based on sparse representation
Authors:Yang, Shuqin (1); Ning, Jifeng (2); He, Dongjian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China
Corresponding author:He, D.
      (hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:191-195
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:An identification method based on sparse representation was proposed for discriminating the varieties of rice precisely. The rice images of six varieties such as long glutinous rice, round glutinous rice, non-glutinous rice, Thailand aromatic rice, red aromatic rice and black rice were taken as the research objects. To represent single rice kernel, its color and morphological characters were extracted. For each varieties, 50 grains of rice were selected randomly as the training samples, and 200 grains of rice were treated as the testing samples. All of the training samples made up the data dictionary of the sparse representation, and the projection of the testing sample on the data dictionary was calculated. The breed, which had the minimum projection error, would be regarded as the right kind of rice. At last, the identifying results on the proposed method were analyzed and compared with those of the BP network and SVM. Experimental results demonstrated that the overall identification accuracy of the proposed algorithm for the six rice breeds was 99.6%, which was the best classification effect among three methods. Therefore, the proposed method can provide a new effective method for identification of rice breed.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Aromatic compounds - Image processing - Sampling
Uncontrolled terms:BP networks - Data dictionary - Glutinous rice - Identification - Identification accuracy - Identification method - Projection error - Research object - Rice kernels - Sparse representation  - Testing samples - Thailand - Training sample
Classification code:723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 801 Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.036
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990407Title:Reverse design of compulsory seedling-pushing mechanism based on conjugate cam
Authors:Chen, Jianneng (1); Wang, Ying (1); Zhang, Xiang (2); Zhao, Xiong (1); Zhao, Yun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and ForestryUniversity, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
Corresponding author:Chen, J.
      (jiannengchen@zstu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:98-102
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to solve the problems of traditional seedling-pushing mechanism whose ending time of seedling-pushing was advanced or delayed, the compulsory seedling-pushing mechanism based on the conjugate cam was proposed. This novel seedling-pushing mechanism realized pushing out and retractating the seedling-pushing rod by the conjugate cam mechanism. According to kinematic curves of the seedling-pushing rod which were got from the driving mechanism with planetary elliptic-gear trains and requirements of planting agriculture, the reverse solution model of the seedling-pushing mechanism was established. A reverse design and simulation software of this seedling-pushing mechanism was compiled based on Visual Basic 6.0, and a set of optimum parameters which could satisfy the requirements of planting agriculture were obtained by the software, including the mechanical parameters and the profile of the conjugate cam. The maximum pressure angles of the master cam and the vice-cam were smaller than the allowable pressure angles, which indicated that this new kind of mechanism could meet the efficiency and stress requirements of seedling-pushing mechanism.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Mechanisms
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Cams - Computer software - Design
Uncontrolled terms:Cam mechanism - Compulsory seedling-pushing mechanism - Conjugate cam - Design and simulation - Driving mechanism - Kinematic curves - Maximum pressure - Mechanical parameters - Optimum parameters - Pressure angles  - Reverse engneering - Reverse solution model - Transplanters - Visual Basic 6.0
Classification code:408 Structural Design - 601.3 Mechanisms - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.018
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990393Title:Coupled simulation on soil-water-nitrogen transport and transformation and crop growth
Authors:Wang, Xiangping (1); Huang, Guanhua (1); Yu, Lipeng (1); Huang, Quanzhong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Irrigation and Drainage, College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (2) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (3) Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Huang, G.
      (ghuang@cau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:19-25
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Quantitative description of the soil-water-nitrogen transport and transformation in soil-crop system is very important to the high efficient use of water and nitrogen resources and protection of water and soil environment. A coupling model was developed to simulate the soil-water-nitrogen transport and transformation and crop growth based on the dynamic processes of soil water, heat and solute transport and transformation, and with considering the variation of meteorological factors and the dynamics of soil water and nitrogen and their impact on crop growth. The data sets of 2007-2008 field experiments for winter wheat with different irrigation depth were used to validate the soil-water-nitrogen transport and transformation with crop growth simulation model. The results indicated that the simulated values of soil water content, soil nitrate concentration, grain yield, biomass and evapotranspiration were in good agreement with the observed values. The model can be used to simulate the dynamics of soil water and nitrogen change pattern and crop growing pattern for different crop species under different water and nitrogen management practices, and thus the optimal water and fertilizer management pattern for farmland can be obtained.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Soil surveys
Controlled terms:Atmospheric movements - Computer simulation - Crops - Cultivation - Ecology - Geologic models - Metadata - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Soil moisture  - Solute transport - Water content - Water resources - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Change patterns - Coupled simulation - Coupling models - Crop growth - Data sets - Dynamic process - Efficient use of water - Fertilizer management - Field experiment - Grain yield  - Irrigation depth - Meteorological factors - Nitrogen management - Quantitative description - Soil environment - Soil nitrate concentrations - Soil water - Soil water content - Soil-crop system - Transformation  - Transport and transformation - Winter wheat
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444 Water Resources - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.004
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990442Title:Land-use functional regionalization based on niche-fitness model
Authors:Meng, Lina (1); Zheng, Xinqi (2); Zhao, Lu (2); Deng, Jing (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Department of Geography and Resources Management, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (2) School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (3) Land Resources Information Development Research Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Zheng, X.
      (zxqsd@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:282-287
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Land-use regionalization is one of important contents of general land-use planning. Land-use functional regionalization was studied quantitatively based on niche theory in the paper. Firstly, the concept of land-use niche was proposed, and then land-use niche-fitness model was built based on the coupling relationship between requirement niche and realistic niche. Secondly, indices of land-use niche-fitness evaluation were constructed. Finally, taking the result of land-use niche-fitness evaluation as a criterion, land-use was regionalized based on GIS. Taking Jinan City as a study area, the results showed that the regionalization project was optimal and reasonable, and the practicality of the model was verified. This work can provide a new technique for the similar research of land-use regionalization from a view of niche-fitness.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Engineering research - Health - Regional planning
Uncontrolled terms:Functional regionalization - Land-use planning - Niche-fitness model - Study areas
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 901.3 Engineering Research - 914.3 Industrial Hygiene
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.053
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990394Title:Determining the active region model parameter for modeling preferential flow in unsaturated soil
Authors:Sheng, Feng (1); Zhang, Renduo (3); Liu, Huihai (4)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China; (2) Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Science and Water Hazard Prevention, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China; (3) School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (4) Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
Corresponding author:Sheng, F.
      (shengf.china@gmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:26-32
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The active region model (ARM) parameter (γ) controls the generation and development of the preferential flow. Therefore, to obtain an accurate ARM parameter (γ) is essential for getting a precise prediction using ARM. In this study, dye staining methods were used to visualize the preferential flow patterns from their flow background, and the digital imaging procedure and soil sampling were conducted to obtain the distributions of dye stained region and soil water content of stained region, from which the ARM parameter (γ) was estimated by fitting these data according to the constitutive relation of ARM after infiltration. The determination methods for ARM parameter (γ) were presented according to 3 different kinds of distribution patterns of the soil water content of stained region after infiltration. The results indicated that, 1) as a result of soil water redistribution, the active region and the dye stained region might not coincide with each other in the entire infiltrated soil profile, therefore, not all the data (soil water content and fraction of the dye stained region) from the entire infiltrated soil profile but only the data from the soil layer where the soil water contents were under increasing and less affected by the initial soil water contents could be used to determine the ARM parameter (γ); 2) the soil texture generally had obviously significant impacts on the distribution of soil water content after infiltration, making the maximum soil water content of stained region occurred more probably at the soil surface in the fine-textured soil (e.g. silty clay and loam in this research) while making the maximum soil water content of stained region occurred more probably under the soil surface in the coarse-textured soil (e.g. sand in this research).
Number of references:15
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Groundwater flow - Seepage - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Solute transport - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Active region model - Active regions - Coarse-textured soils - Constitutive relation - Constitutive relations - Digital imaging - Distribution patterns - Fine-textured soils - Preferential flows - Significant impacts  - Silty clay - Soil layer - Soil profiles - Soil sampling - Soil surfaces - Soil textures - Soil water - Soil water content - Staining method - Unsaturated soil
Classification code:407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 444 Water Resources - 444.2 Groundwater - 481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.005
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990421Title:Development of quick graphics traceability system for agricultural products
Authors:Qian, Jianping (1); Yang, Xinting (1); Liu, Xuexin (1); Wu, Xiaoming (1); Fan, Beilei (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Information Technologies in Agriculture, The Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
Corresponding author:Yang, X.
      (yangxt@nercita.org.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:167-171
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Quick graphics traceability of agricultural products is an important means, which can ensure the reliability of traceability process, enhance the visibility of traceability results and improve the public participation. A traceability flow was designed based on the trace coding method with geographical coordinates and multiple encryption and display tool of Google Earth. Its mainline was composed of correctness validation, trace code analysis, production area orientation, attribute tracing and result display. Then, a quick graphics traceability system for agricultural products was developed with Browser/Server (B/S) structure, by adopting.Net platform and calling Google Maps API. The system was used in the Supervision and Management Platform for Agricultural Product Quality Safety in Guangzhou. The results showed that this system reflected the characters of graphics tracing and quick orientation to improve the traditional traceability system. The system is favorable for extending the application of traceability systems and the management of emergency incidents for agricultural product quality safety.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Agricultural products
Controlled terms:Quality control - Trace analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Browser/server - Coding methods - Geographical coordinates - Google maps - Google Maps API - Graphics - Guangzhou - Management platforms - Product quality - Production area  - Public participation - Trace code - Traceability - Traceability systems
Classification code:801 Chemistry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.032
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990423Title:Geometric model and visualization of wheat spike
Authors:Lei, Xiaojun (1); Tang, Liang (1); Zhang, Yonghui (1); Jiang, Haiyan (1); Cao, Weixing (1); Zhu, Yan (1)
Author affiliation:(1) National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Corresponding author:Zhu, Y.
      (yanzhu@njau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:179-184
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Crop organ morphological model is one of the key technologies of virual crop. By observing and analyzing the morphological and topological structures of wheat spike, the morphological parameter-based 3D geometric model and visualization method were developed. Based on the existing morphological model of spike in wheat, the 3D morphological geometric model of wheat spike was constructed by integrating the topological structure of spike, including the submodels of ear axis, spikelet (including outer bran, awn and anther) and spike shape. The ear axis was constructed by connected proglottids which were represented by slant cylinder. Based on the surface vertical curve, the outer bran was simulated by approximate semiellipsoid with triangular faces. The awn, with transversal surface as nearly equilateral triangular, was constructed by triangular faces based on the curve of awn. The anther on the top of floret in flowering stage was simulated with NURBS surface. In addition, the spike shape was controlled by using hierarchical model. Then according to the topological structure, the above organ models were organized together to rebuild the whole 3D geometric model of wheat spike. By further integrating the rendering models of color, texture and light, the visualization of growth dynamic of wheat spike was realized based on the platform of Microsoft.Net and CSOpenGL graphic library. The reconstructed geometric model with three dimensions can simulate visualization of growth dynamic of wheat spike under different varieties and treatments. The result will be helpful to realizing the realistic simulation of wheat plant, and the digitalization and visualization of growth dynamic of wheat.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Three dimensional
Controlled terms:Crops - Geometry - Hierarchical systems - Splines - Superconducting films - Topology - Visualization
Uncontrolled terms:3D geometric model - Flowering stage - Geometric models - Graphic library - Growth dynamics - Hierarchical model - Key technologies - Microsoft .NET - Morphological model - NURBS surface  - Realistic simulation - Semi-ellipsoid - Spike shape - Submodels - Three dimensions - Topological structure - Vertical curve - Visualization method - Wheat - Wheat plants
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 708.3 Superconducting Materials - 601.2 Machine Components
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.034
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990444Title:Evaluation methodology for resource and economic profits of land consolidation
Authors:Zhang, Zhengfeng (1); Zhao, Wei (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Land Management Department, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; (2) Institute of Agriculture Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Z.
      (zhengfengzh@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:295-299
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:It is instructive for instructing practical activities after land consolidation to evaluate quantitatively resource and economic profits of land consolidation and analyze its effects on economic and social development. Based on survey of land consolidation, resource and economic profits of land consolidation were explained. Several indices were selected to evaluate resource and economic profits, including the annual increase of crop production, net increase production value and the output-input ratio per unit area. Moreover, quantitative method was used for each indicator according to its connotation. Furthermore, based on the statistical and surveyed data, the resource and economic profits of land consolidation were evaluated according to the farmer inquiry in Daxing district of Beijing.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Economic and social effects
Controlled terms:Crops - Cultivation - Economic analysis - Profitability - Rating - Resource valuation - Surveys
Uncontrolled terms:Crop production - Economic profit - Evaluation methodologies - Increase of crop production - Increase of production value - Land consolidation - Per unit - Production value - Quantitative method - Social development
Classification code:405.3 Surveying - 512 Petroleum and Related Deposits - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 911.2 Industrial Economics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.055
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990400Title:Irrigation infiltration and recharge coefficient in Hetao irrigation district in Inner Mongolia
Authors:Zhang, Zhijie (1); Yang, Shuqing (1); Shi, Haibin (1); Ma, Jinhui (1); Li, Ruiping (1); Han, Wenguang (2); Zhang, Wujun (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (2) Yongji Administration Bureau Experiment Station, Linhe 015000, China
Corresponding author:Yang, S.
      (nmndysq@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:61-66
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to accurately estimate the groundwater recharge due to irrigation deep percolation, the groundwater recharge coefficients were calculated based on changes of groundwater level and soil water content before and after water application jointly using field experiment method and numerical simulation method, and the results were verified using numerical simulation based on principles of soil water dynamics. The groundwater recharge coefficients were 0.15 and 0.3 for crop growth period and autumn respectively. With a shallow groundwater level in Hetao irrigation district, the results from change of groundwater and numerical simulation showed that the groundwater recharge reached maximum at 2-4 days after water application and groundwater recharge process completed at 8-10 days after water application. The deep percolations of different water applications followed the same pattern and the groundwater recharge and time were closely related to water application. The research results may provide a reference to the determination of threshold value of water diversion for sound development of ecological environment of the district.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Recharging (underground waters)
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Experiments - Flood control - Irrigation - Numerical methods - Percolation (fluids) - Soil moisture - Solvents - Water content - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Crop growth - Deep percolation - Ecological environments - Field experiment - Ground water level - Ground water recharge - Inner Mongolia - Irrigation districts - Numerical simulation - Numerical simulation method  - Recharge coefficient of groundwater - Research results - Shallow groundwater - Soil water content - Soil water dynamics - SWAP - Water diversions
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 444.2 Groundwater - 444 Water Resources - 454.1 Environmental Engineering, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.011
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990418Title:Nondestructive testing method for rape water stress based on multi-spectral vision
Authors:Zhang, Xiaodong (1); Mao, Hanping (1); Zuo, Zhiyu (1); Gao, Hongyan (1); Sun, Jun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
Corresponding author:Mao, H.
      (maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:152-157
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Multi-spectral image analysis method was utilized to quantitatively analyze the rape moisture content for the nondestructive testing of rape water stress. Median-filtering method was used to preprocess the images. Two dimensional maximum entropy segment approach was used to complete background segmentation of multi-spectral images. The mean & ratio features of multi-spectral images of rape canopy were extracted. It was found that the features of the image mean value at 560, 960, 810 nm and the 960 nm/810 nm ratio were highly correlated with the rape moisture content during the rape's whole growth period. With the consideration of the existence of the multi-collinearity among the multi-spectral variables, the prediction model of moisture content of rape in different growth phases was built by stepwise regression method. The result showed that the multi-spectral image prediction method can be used to quantitatively analyze the rape moisture content. The correlation coefficient between the predicted value and the measured one was 0.83, and the RMSE was 4.52%. The average relative error was less than 8% in the seeding stage. The prediction model in this study may provide scientific evidence for water-efficient irrigation.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Image segmentation
Controlled terms:Elastic constants - Forecasting - Mathematical models - Moisture determination - Nondestructive examination - Regression analysis - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Average relative error - Background segmentation - Correlation coefficient - Growth period - Growth phasis - Highly-correlated - Maximum entropy - Mean values - Moisture contents - Multi-spectral  - Multi-spectral image - Multi-spectral image analysis - Multispectral images - Non destructive testing - Nondestructive testing method - Prediction model - Preprocess - Rape - Ratio features - Scientific evidence  - Stepwise regression method - Water stress
Classification code:944.2 Moisture Measurements - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921 Mathematics - 741.1 Light/Optics - 444 Water Resources - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.029
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990438Title:Characteristics of anaerobic digestion and physico-chemical properties of Spartina alterniflora at different growth stages
Authors:Chen, Guangyin (1); Zheng, Zheng (3); Chang, Zhizhou (1); Luo, Yan (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Corresponding author:Zheng, Z.
      (zzhenghj@fudan.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:260-265
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To assess the physico-chemical properties and the anaerobic biodegradability of S.alterniflora harvested at different growth stages, a wet mesophilic anaerobic experiment was performed. With the extension of growth period, the content of easily biodegradable organic matter decreased while lignocellulose content and C/N ratio increased, moreover, lignocellulosic structure became mature and the crystalinity of cellulose decreased which made the biodegradability of S.alterniflora decreased with the growth stage. However, the metal cations content decreased with the growth stage, it meant that the possibility of inhibitory to anaerobic digestion was decreased. The biotransformation rate was rather low when S. alterniflora was directly digested. The highest value of 42.55% was obtained when S. alterniflora was collected at May and the lowest value of 18.76% by August. Taking the biomass and the biogas stability into consideration, August is the optimum stage for harvest.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Biodegradation - Biogas - Cellulose - Chemical properties
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic biodegradability - Biodegradable organic matter - C/N ratio - Different growth stages - Growth period - Growth stages - Mesophilic - Metal cation - Physicochemical property - Spartina alterniflora
Classification code:423 Non Mechanical Properties and Tests of Building Materials - 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.049
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990409Title:Manufacture of type holes wheel based on three dimensional printing technology
Authors:Wang, Chong (1); Song, Jiannong (1); Li, Yonglei (1); Dong, Xiangqian (1); Wang, Jicheng (1); Zhang, Junkui (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Song, J.
      (songjn@cau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:108-111
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Type holes wheel is a core component of mechanical seed metering device, traditional manufacture method for the irregular type holes can not meet the requirements of accuracy and cost. Three dimensional printing (3DP) technology is different from the traditional manufacture method. The physical entity can be directly printed out by 3-D printer from the CAD model. Type holes wheel was modeled by the three-dimensional software Pro/E, and the model file was imported into 3D printer after converted by the pre-processing software. With three-dimensional printing technology, the type holes wheel can meet accuracy requirement, reduce the trial time, which were restricted by the complexity parts before. Three dimensional printing (3DP) technology can be applied in the design and manufacture of complexity and important agricultural products.
Number of references:9
Main heading:Three dimensional
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agricultural products - Computer aided design - Manufacture - Printing - Printing presses - Technology - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:3D printers - CAD models - Core components - Irregular type - Pre-processing software - Rapid manufacturing - Seed metering devices - Three dimensional printing (3DP) technology - Three-dimensional printing - Three-dimensional printing (3DP)  - Type holes wheel
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 745.1.1 Printing Equipment - 901 Engineering Profession - 745.1 Printing - 601.2 Machine Components - 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes - 723.5 Computer Applications
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.020
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990390Title:Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based assessment of soil alkaline desertification in typical arid area of Xinjiang
Authors:Liu, Guangming (1); Yang, Jingsong (1); He, Lidan (1); Yu, Shipeng (1); Yao, Rongjiang (1); Lü, Zhenzhen (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J.
      (jsyang@issas.ac.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:1-5
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Taking soil degradation into account, Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was adopted to construct prediction model of soil alkaline desertification in Xinjiang, and southern Junggar Basin was chosen as study area. Soil salt content, groundwater depth, clay content, organic matter, alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, and pH value, were selected as assessment indexes. Risks of soil degradation were comprehensively assessed according to the prediction model in the study area. The results obtained indicated that there were different ranks of risk that increased from south to north in this area; moderate, high and middle-high risks were major parts and separately took up 46.56%, 23.01% and 20.59% of the total area, at the same time low and sky-high risks occupied very small part. The results of assessment could provide theoretical value on instructing local agricultural production and reasonable utilization of soil resources.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Geologic models
Controlled terms:Agriculture - Alkalinity - Arid regions - Climatology - Degradation - Fuzzy logic - Fuzzy set theory - Groundwater - Groundwater resources - Mathematical models  - pH - Phosphorus - Rating - Risk analysis - Risk perception - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural productions - Arid area - Available phosphorus - Clay content - Desertification - Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation - Junggar Basin - Organic matter - pH value - Prediction model  - Soil degradation - Soil resources - Soil salt content - South-to-North - Study areas - Theoretical values - Xinjiang
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 902.2 Codes and Standards - 911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics - 912 Industrial Engineering and Management - 914 Safety Engineering - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 921 Mathematics - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 922 Statistical Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 443 Meteorology - 444.2 Groundwater - 481.1 Geology - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.001
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990406Title:Effects of different threshing components on grain threshing and separating by tangential-axial test device
Authors:Tang, Zhong (1); Li, Yaoming (1); Xu, Lizhang (1); Zhao, Zhan (1); Li, Hongchang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Li, Y.
      (ymli@ujs.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:93-97
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the effects of different threshing components on threshing and separating performance, a test of grain threshing and separating performance was carried out by using the rectangular tooth, short-rasp-bar, spike tooth, cutter tooth and trapezoidal tooth. The threshing and separating indexes, such as power, losing rate, impurity rate, primary threshing-separating rate, distribution of mixture along the axial and cylinder radial of the tangential-axial test device, were compared with the different threshing components under grain feed rate of 7 and 8 kg/s. Result showed that primary threshing-separating rate of the tangential flowing test-device with cutter tooth was 47.71%, and loss rate of axial flowing test-device was 0.25% at the grain feed rate of 7 kg/s. Unit power consumption, the loss rate and the completely threshing rate were 8.51 kW/(kg·s), 0.31%, and 99.96% respectively with the cutter tooth tangential flowing test-device and the spike tooth axial flowing test-device at the grain feed rate of 8 kg/s.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Agriculture
Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Axial flow - Equipment - Grain (agricultural product) - Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Axial-threshing flow test-device - Cutter teeth - Feed-rates - Loss rates - Power Consumption - Tangential flow - Test device - Threshing components - Threshing- separating
Classification code:423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901 Engineering Profession
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.017
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990455Title:Effects of high CO2 shock treatment on physiological metabolism and quality of postharvest blueberry fruits
Authors:Jiang, Aili (1); Meng, Xianjun (1); Hu, Wenzhong (2); Tian, Mixia (2); Wang, Yanying (2)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
Corresponding author:Meng, X.
      (mengxjsy@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:362-368
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to explore the effects of high CO2 on physiological metabolism of postharvest blueberry fruits as well as the mechanism, fresh blueberry fruits were put in 99.9% CO2 condition for 48 h, 96 h and 144 h, respectively. Then the fruits were moved into a polyethylene film bag with a slackened tie storage at 1°C. During the period of storage, fruit flavor index, respiration rate, rot rate, respiratory quotient, ethanol content in pulp and pH value were measured. Meanwhile, the activities of some free radical scavenging and formation-related enzyme such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and lipoxygenase (LOX) were analyzed. The results indicated that the pH value in pulp and fruit rot rate were significantly decreased, fruit firmness was well maintained, the storage period was effectively extended to 50 days, POD activity was increased and the LOX activity was decreased after the high CO2 shock treatments for 48 h and 96 h. The results indicated that the treatments slowed down the rate of metabolism and maintained the fruit quality of blueberry fruits. In contrast, 144 h high CO2 shock treatment caused irreversible damage, resulting in anaerobic respiration, off-flavor and fruit rot. It is suggested that as a shock-impact method, high CO2 shock treatment may be used before the storage of blueberry fruits to inhibit the physiological metabolism and maintain the fruits quality.
Number of references:27
Main heading:Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms:Ethanol - Free radicals - Fruits - Metabolism - pH - Physiology - Principal component analysis - Spoilage
Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic respiration - Free radical scavenging - Fruit firmness - Fruit quality - Irreversible damage - Lipoxygenases - LOX activity - Off-flavors - pH value - Polyethylene film  - Polyphenol oxidase - Postharvest - Postharvest blueberry fruits - Respiration rate - Respiratory quotients - Shock treatment - Storage - Storage periods
Classification code:922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 523 Liquid Fuels - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.066
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990404Title:Investigation of salinity accumulating and its movement characters in original saline wasteland
Authors:Guo, Wencong (1); Fan, Guisheng (3)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (2) Shanxi Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Taiyuan 030002, China; (3) College of Water Resoures Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Corresponding author:Fan, G.
      (fanguis5507@263.net)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:84-88
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on the tracking and monitoring data of the salinity in original saline wasteland in north China during two years, the salinity accumulation and its movement characters under natural conditions in original saline wasteland were investigated. The experimental results showed that the amount of topsoil salinity accumulating under natural conditions in original saline wasteland is limited. The soil salinity accumulating and moving of unsaturated belt beneath the surface can be separated into three regions, the severe change region, the storage adjustment region and saline conducting region. The salt content in the severe change region fluctuates acutely because of rainfall and evaporation, the water and salt waved in the upper and lower layer are stored and adjusted in the storage adjustment region, and the salinity can hardly be accumulated in layer but keeps stably in the saline conducting region owing to great hydraulic conductivity.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Saline water
Controlled terms:Salinity measurement - Water content
Uncontrolled terms:Change region - Natural conditions - North China - Original saline wasteland - Salt content - Sanility accumulation and its movement characters - Soil salinity
Classification code:444 Water Resources
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.015
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990433Title:Suitability evaluation of tea trees cultivation based on GIS in Zhejiang Province
Authors:Jin, Zhifeng (1); Huang, Jingfeng (2); Li, Bo (3); Luo, Liewan (4); Yao, Yiping (1); Li, Renzhong (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310017, China; (2) College of Resource and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; (3) Institute of Public Administration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; (4) Industrial Crop Bureau, Agriculture Department of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310029, China
Corresponding author:Jin, Z.
      (jzfeng0423@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:231-236
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A precisely comprehensive regionalization of tea trees cultivation can provide a scientific basis for the optimal distribution of tea industry in Zhejiang. Based on the analysis of the relationships among tea yield, meteorological conditions, topographic conditions, and soil conditions, this study proposed comprehensive regionalization indices including 4 climate factors (the annual mean temperature, the annual accumulated temperature above 10°C, the frequency of extreme low temperature below -13°C and the mean humidity in 4-10 months), 2 soil factors (soil type, soil texture) and 3 topographic factors(slope, aspect, altitude). Mixed interpolation methods (the trend surface modeling and residual interpolation) were applied to calculate grids of climate factors. Methods of the exponential weighted algorithm were adopted to establish the evaluation model of comprehensive regionalization of the cultivation of tea trees. The distribution of comprehensive evaluation indices was calculated based on GIS. Non-planting areas were extracted from the land-use map, and the comprehensive regionalization of tea tree cultivation was completed and divided into 3 classes including suitable, sub-suitable and unsuitable regions. The results showed that the suitable, sub-suitable and unsuitable regions of tea trees cultivation account for 46.40%, 44.94% and 8.66% respectively. The suitable region was mainly distributed at the altitude of 600-900m in the semi-alpine areas. The sub-suitable region was mainly distributed below the altitude of 600m in plains, hilly and low mountains or between the altitude of 900-1 200 mountains. The unsuitable regions was mainly distributed in the mountainous areas which was higher than the altitude of 1 200 m. Considering the current cultivation of tea, the planting suitability was discussed for each class, which provides a technical support for tree production in Zhejiang.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Trees (mathematics)
Controlled terms:Forestry - Geographic information systems - Interpolation - Landforms - Plant extracts - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Regional planing - Spatial interpolation - Suitability evaluation - Tea trees - Zhejiang Province
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 723.3 Database Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 461.9 Biology
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.044
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990437Title:Preparation of biodiesel from cottonseed oil catalyzed by solid based catalyst
Authors:Jiang, Shaotong (1); Xu, Lianyi (1); Zhou, Qinli (1); Pan, Lijun (1); Zhang, Fujian (1); Zhang, Yi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Corresponding author:Jiang, S.
      (jiangshaotong@yahoo.com.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:254-259
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the related technology for preparing biodiesel by transesterification of cottonseed oil using solid based catalyst, with supported solid base Na3PO4/MgO as catalyst and biodiesel conversion rate as index, the optimum conditions for catalyst preparation were analyzed by single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The catalyst was characterized by methods of XRD, SEM and TG. Furthermore, the transesterification conditions from cottonseed oil to biodiesel were investigated using solid base catalyst. It was obtained that the optimum conditions for catalyst preparation were: 32% of Na3PO4 dosage on MgO, 600°C of roasting temperature, 3 h of roasting time and 70°C of blending temperature. Catalytic activity was related to Na3PO4 crystalline phase. The optimal conditions of transesterification with optimized catalyst were: 2.5 h of reaction time, 70°C of reaction temperature, 15:1 of mass ratio of methanol to oil, 5% of quality ratio of catalyst to oil.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Catalyst activity
Controlled terms:Biodiesel - Blending - Calcination - Cottonseed oil - Methanol - Oilseeds - Optimization - Sodium - Transesterification
Uncontrolled terms:Blending temperature - Catalyst preparation - Catalytic activity - Conversion rates - Crystalline phase - Mass ratio - Optimal conditions - Optimum conditions - Orthogonal experiment - Reaction temperature  - Reaction time - Roasting temperature - SEM - Solid base - Solid base catalysts - Solid based catalysts - XRD
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 822.3 Food Products - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 523 Liquid Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.048
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990447Title:Land use and land cover classification and verification in Northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau
Authors:Song, Fuqiang (1); Kang, Muyi (2); Zheng, Zhuangli (3); Wang, Lingchao (1); Wang, Guoqiang (1); Feng, Dexian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (3) South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China; (4) Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Corresponding author:Kang, M.
      (kangmy@bnu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:316-324
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Since the implementation of the Grain for Green project in 1999, land use and land cover had changed apparently in Northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau. Land cover classification after the implementation of Grain for Green project, which was important in monitoring the land use and land cover change (LUCC) and assessing the project. Based on the previous classification system and the field survey of the different land cover distribution, a suitable land cover classification system for Northern Shaanxi was constructed firstly, and then according to MODIS/NDVI, DEM and land surface temperature data, the land cover classification in the Northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau was finished by decision tree method. Finally, using the field survey data and Google Earth high-resolution remote sensing data, the classification accuracy of the whole area and different land cover types was verified by error matrix method. The results showed that land cover classification of this study not only reflect the whole distribution of land use and land cover, but also the distinction between different land cover types.
Number of references:20
Main heading:Landforms
Controlled terms:Atmospheric temperature - Decision trees - Land use - Remote sensing - Surveys - Trees (mathematics)
Uncontrolled terms:Classification - Grain for Green project - Land use and land cover change (LUCC) - MODIS/NDVI - Northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau
Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 405.3 Surveying - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 481.1 Geology - 731.1 Control Systems - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.058
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990457Title:Optimization on quick freezing technology of agaricus bisporus by high pressure carbon dioxide
Authors:Tan, Xiyao (1); Wu, Jihong (1); Liao, Xiaojun (1); Pang, Xueli (1); Sun, Zhijian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wu, J.
      (wjhcau@yahoo.com.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:375-380
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to reduce freezing time and moisture loss of quick frozen fruits and vegetables, the HPCD (high pressure carbon dioxide) technology was used in quick freezing process of agaricus bisporus. Based on blanching treatments, single factor experiment, orthogonal experiment and sensory evaluation were designed to optimize the quick-freezing technology parameters. The results showed that the best sensory quality of the quick-freezing products could attain, when the pressure-relief time was 4 minutes and the initial temperature and setting pressure of the reaction vessel was 6°C, 7 MPa, respectively. Moreover, pressure-relief time had the most significant influence on product quality. Industrialization prospect of HPCD (high pressure carbon dioxide) technology is suggested.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Freezing
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Carbon dioxide - Experiments - Optimization - Quality control - Technology
Uncontrolled terms:Agaricus bisporus - Freezing process - Freezing time - High-pressure carbon dioxide - Moisture loss - Orthogonal experiment - Product quality - Quick freezing - Reaction vessel - Sensory evaluation  - Sensory qualities - Technology parameters
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 901.3 Engineering Research - 901 Engineering Profession - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.068
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990392Title:Experiment of the nitrogen transformation and transportation in controlled pipe-drainage cotton field
Authors:Yuan, Niannian (1); Huang, Jiesheng (1); Xie, Hua (1); Huang, Zhiqiang (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Hubei 430072, China
Corresponding author:Huang, J.
      (jshuanga@public.wh.hb.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:13-18
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:A filed contrastive experiment project was set up at Drainage and Irrigation Experimental Station, Jingzhou Yajiao to study how controlled pipe-drainage influence the N transformation and transportation. The depth of outlet was fixed through the whole growth period in 2008 and adjusted according to different stages in 2009. The results showed that nitrate concentration in the vertical soil profile decreased with the depth increase. Ammonia concentration had no obvious variation with depth in 2008 and was higher in 20, 40 cm layers than that in 60, 80 cm layers. Nitrate concentration was higher in surface and 20 cm layers in controlled treatments. Ammonia concentration was higher in the same layers in controlled treatments than that in conditional treatment. The ratio between nitrate and ammonia concentration was larger in 2008 than that in 2009. Adjusting the depth of the drainage outlet according to the growth stages could keep the nitrogen content more stable than fixing the depth in the whole growth period, and reduce nitrogen losses.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Nitrogen
Controlled terms:Ammonia - Concentration (process) - Experiments - Nitrates - Pipe - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonia concentrations - Drainage outlet - Experimental stations - Growth period - Growth stages - N transformation - Nitrate concentration - Nitrogen content - Nitrogen loss - Nitrogen transformations  - Outlet depth - Ratio between nitrate and ammonia concentration - Soil profiles
Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.003
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990414Title:Strength analysis on stamping and welding impeller in centrifugal pump based on fluid-structure interaction theorem
Authors:Wang, Yang (1); Wang, Hongyu (1); Zhang, Xiang (1); Xu, Xiaomin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Technical and Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Wang, H.
      (wang330783396@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:131-136
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to accurately calculate the stress and deformation of the stamping and welding impeller in the flow field, the numerical simulation of the impeller coupled system was carried out by the CAE co-simulation platform used for the multi-physical fields-ANSYS Workbench, with one-way fluid-structure interaction method. The results showed that the stress of the impeller was markedly uneven and the local stress concentration appeared in each operation condition. The total displacement of the distortion increased continuously as the radius increasing and it reached the maximum value at the edge of the impeller. The maximum equivalent stress of impeller was 48.7 MPa under the low flow rate condition of 0.6 times of design discharge, and decreased continuously as the flow rate increasing. The greatest displacement of total deformation was 0.0234 mm under low flow rate operations, which decreased firstly and then increased, and it reached the minimum value of 0.0170 mm at the larger flow rate operation of 1.2 times of design discharge. In order to enhance the reliability, the impeller should not be operated at the low flow rate condition as far as possible. The results can provide effective references to the structural design and analysis for the stamping and welding impeller.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Impellers
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Deformation - Finite element method - Flow rate - Fluid structure interaction - Fluids - Hydraulic machinery - Numerical methods - Pumping plants - Pumps  - Stamping - Stress analysis - Stress concentration - Structural design - Welding
Uncontrolled terms:Cosimulation - Coupled systems - Design and analysis - Design discharge - Equivalent stress - Local stress concentration - Low flow - Maximum values - Minimum value - Numerical simulation  - Operation conditions - Strength analysis - Stress and deformation
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 538.2 Welding - 535.2 Metal Forming - 446 Waterworks - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408.1 Structural Design, General
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.025
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990410Title:Experiments on working parameters of separating equipment for stockbreeding mixed rejectamenta
Authors:Wang, Xiaobing (1); Liu, Hongxin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Liu, H.
      (Lcc98@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:112-116
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to validate the function and optimize the working parameters of a new stockbreeding mixed rejectamenta separating machine, water ratio, feed rate and rotating speed of flexible sundries separating shaft were taken as the experiment parameters, the recursive model of flexible sundries separating rate was gotten by means of quadratic orthogonal rotation experimental design. Result showed that the equipment could separate the mixture by sundries sort rightly, and the best working parameters combination were water ratio at 87.8%, feed rate at 41.6 L/min, rotating speed at 64.5 r/min, and the suitable rotating speed of the sediment separating shaft taken by additional experiment was 6 r/min. The results can provide references for improving the performance of the separating equipment.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Equipment
Controlled terms:Anoxic sediments - Design of experiments - Experiments - Machine design - Orthogonal functions - Rotating machinery - Rotation
Uncontrolled terms:Discharge - Experimental design - Feed-rates - Quadratic orthogonal rotation - Rotating speed - Separation rate - Water ratio - Working parameters
Classification code:483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 601 Mechanical Design - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.021
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990452Title:Effects of microwave far-infrared coupling fixation processes on quality of green tea
Authors:Zhu, Dewen (1); Yue, Pengxiang (1); Yuan, Dishun (3); Chen, Yongsheng (2); Wu, Aibing (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Science and Technology College of Tea and Food, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China; (3) College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Corresponding author:Yue, P.
      (yueyue606@hotmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:345-350
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to study the influence of microwave far-infrared coupling fixation technology on the quality of green tea. The effect of fixation time, fixation power and input quantity on green tea aroma and taste quality were analyzed. Compared with other fixation methods, the microwave far-infrared coupling fixation technology of green tea was optimized through the L9 (3⁴) orthogonal experimental design. The results showed that the fixation effects was best when fixation power of microwave was 10 kW, fixation power of far-infrared was 6 kW, and input quantity was 0.5 kg/min, and green tea was fixed for 1.5 min with microwave before fixed for 1.5 min with far-infrared. The taste and aroma of green tea was best and sensory quality slore was 91.40. And tea polyphenols, catechins, caffeine, amino acids, soluble sugar and aromatic oil quality score reached 17.24%, 12.62%, 3.10%, 3.72%, 4.64%, 15.40×10^-2 mg/g, respectively. Aromatic and taste quality were better than that with the other fixation ways. The fixation time was 1/4-1/3 of the traditional heating fixation, and the energy consumption was 1/3-1/2 of the traditional heating fixation. The insufficiency of the only using microwave fixation technology could be overcome with microwave far-infrared coupling fixation technology, which will provide the reference for the green tea processing production.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Microwaves
Controlled terms:Agricultural products - Amino acids - Energy utilization - Heating - Phenols - Quality control - Sugars - Technology
Uncontrolled terms:Aromatic oil - Energy consumption - Far-infrared - Fixation methods - Fixation process - Green tea - Microwave fixation - Orthogonal experimental design - Sensory qualities - Soluble sugars  - Taste quality - Tea polyphenols - Traditional heating
Classification code:913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 901 Engineering Profession - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 643.1 Space Heating - 525.3 Energy Utilization
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.063
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990420Title:Detection technology for recognizing multi-type foreign bodies from fruit flesh based on machine vision
Authors:Quan, Yanming (1); Li, Shumei (1); Cheng, Xichun (1); Lin, Ziqi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Mechanical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
Corresponding author:Quan, Y.
      (meymquan@scut.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:162-166
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Based on machine vision, the wet fruit flesh of jelling with different kind and size can be inspected automatically for multi-type foreign bodies detection before filled into containers. According to the difference degree in color and brightness between fruit flesh and foreign bodies, two approaches of image processing for foreign bodies reorganization were put forwarded. For high-saturation color fruit flesh, a segmentation algorithm based on the independence of HSI three components was adopted. For low-saturation color fruit flesh, an edge detection algorithm on mathematical morphology was taken as the main means. Then the result images were divided into several regions according to the size of fruit flesh, and the judgment whether foreign bodies existed in each region was worked out. As for these approaches, the specific processes and programs were given and verified by experiments. The results show that the method can detect a variety of foreign bodies on wet fruit flesh with a high accuracy.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Carbon fiber reinforced plastics - Color - Computer vision - Edge detection - Mathematical morphology - Morphology
Uncontrolled terms:Detection technology - Edge detection algorithms - Foreign body detection - HSI model - Machine vision - On-machines - Segmentation algorithms - Three component
Classification code:921 Mathematics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 817.1 Polymer Products - 951 Materials Science - 741.2 Vision - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.1 Light/Optics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.031
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990422Title:Agricultural image de-noising algorithm based on hybrid wavelet transform
Authors:Yang, Fuzeng (1); Tian, Yanna (2); Yang, Liangliang (1); He, Jinyi (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China; (2) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Vehicle Robotics Research Room, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan; (4) College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Corresponding author:Yang, F.
      (yfz0701@163.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:172-178
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The current image de-noising methods cannot remove the noise effectively, and they have the disadvantage of losing minutiae easily. A new de-noising method based on Hybrid Wavelet Transform was proposed in this study. Wavelet de-noising has the advantage of keeping the image's detail information, and Wiener Filter can obtain an optimal solution. This algorithm synthesized the advantages of Wavelet de-noising and Wiener Filter. Firstly, the image de-noised by Wavelet was used as male parent of the Hybrid Wavelet Transform's initial population, and image de-noised by Wiener Filter as female parent. Then, the individuals with fitness function of maximum between-cluster variance were evaluated. Through the hybrid and mutate operation, the gene recombination was realized, and then the superior gene of the two images de-noised was extracted by Wavelet and Wiener Filter. Finally, with the finite order hereditary algebra, an offspring image was obtained which has both advantages of male parent and female parent. The performance of this algorithm was tested by the red jujube images and wheat images. The results showed that images of red jujube and wheat de-noised by the proposed method had a higher PSNR (178.44 and 183.24) than those processed by conventional methods such as neighborhood average (176.76 and 175.16), median filter (174.79 and 173.13), Wiener filter (172.75 and 173.48) and Gauss filter (167.50 and 165.60) etc. The experimental results showed that the Hybrid Wavelet Transform de-noising method used on agricultural image had the advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio, and good visual effect. Therefore, the method proposed is effective and practicable.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Wavelet transforms
Controlled terms:Adaptive filtering - Algorithms - Fading (radio) - Filter banks - Genes - Signal to noise ratio
Uncontrolled terms:Conventional methods - Current image - Denoising methods - Finite order - Fitness functions - Gauss filter - High signal-to-noise ratio - Image de-noising - Initial population - Median filter  - Mise abatement - Neighborhood average - Optimal solutions - PSNR - Visual effects - Wavelet denoising - WIENER filters
Classification code:921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 921 Mathematics - 731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 713 Electronic Circuits - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.033
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990439Title:Application of partial-sunlight intermittent misting system for fruit trees rapid propagation
Authors:Zhang, Daohui (1); Liu, Qingzhong (1); Wang, Jiawei (1); Zong, Xiaojuan (1); Wei, Hairong (1); Li, Guotian (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Shandong Institute of Pomology, Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong, Tai'an 271000, China
Corresponding author:Liu, Q.
      (QZLIU@126.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:266-270
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:To overcome the difficulties in some fruit trees rapid propagation, a partial-sunlight intermittent misting system was designed and used in the new shootings of the sweet cherry dwarf rootstock Gisela 6 with softwood cutting. In conditions of controlling the environmental factors accurately in the greenhouse, the rooting rate of the new shoots reached to 93.66% in 45 days and the average number of roots was 7.29. The survival rate of the new shoots was up to 95%. Compared with the traditional tissue culture and rapid propagation, the technique can shorten the propagation period and cut down the cost distinctively.
Number of references:24
Main heading:Orchards
Controlled terms:Cutting - Fog dispersal - Fruits - Greenhouses - Humidity control - Plant extracts - Softwoods - Tissue - Tissue culture
Uncontrolled terms:Average numbers - Environmental factors - Fruit trees - Propagation system - Softwood cuttings - Survival rate - Sweet cherries - Sweet cherry rootstock
Classification code:821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 461.9 Biology - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 431.4 Airports - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 402 Buildings and Towers
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.050
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990434Title:Determination of leaf area of sweet pepper based on support vector machine model and image processing
Authors:Zai, Songmei (1); Wen, Ji (1); Guo, Dongdong (1); Han, Qibiao (1); Deng, Zhong (1); Sun, Hao (1); Zhao, Dongbin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China
Corresponding author:Wen, J.
      (wenji60@yahoo.com.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:237-241
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:As a vital organ for crop photosynthesis, leaf is one of the major biological indicators in the study on light absorption by crops. Support Vector Machine (SVM) theory was used to set up a SVM model for determination of leaf area of sweet pepper, the input parameters were the leaf length, maximum width of the leaf, and the output parameters were the leaf areas. Data measured by computer image processing technology were trained as samples, the length, maximum width of the leaf were used as input parameters to simulate and test the leaf area. The results were compared with those of linear regression and artificial neural network model. The results showed that the maximum error of leaf area determined by support vector machine model was 6.09%, and the average error was 2.73%, the simulation accuracy was 0.996. This method can well reflect the actual size of leaf area of sweet pepper, and has good practical value and application prospect.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Plants (botany)
Controlled terms:Biological organs - Computer simulation - Crops - Image processing - Imaging systems - Neural networks - Support vector machines - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms:Application prospect - Artificial neural network models - Average errors - Biological indicators - Computer image processing - Determination - Input parameter - Leaf area - Leaf length - Maximum error  - Output parameters - Simulation accuracy - Support vector - SVM model - Sweet pepper
Classification code:461 Bioengineering and Biology - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 746 Imaging Techniques - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.1 Algebra
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.045
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990415Title:Mathematical model of diesel wall-flow filter for ash deep-bed deposition process
Authors:Gong, Jinke (1); Huang, Ying (1); Cai, Hao (1); Liu, Yunqing (2); Wu, Gang (1); Long, Gang (1); Yu, Mingguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (2) Institute of Zhejiang Geely Automobile, Hangzhou 317000, China
Corresponding author:Huang, Y.
      (soso151@yahoo.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:137-141
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The characteristics of ash deposition in the wall-flow filter with active regeneration were analyzed, and a computational model of wall-flow diesel particulate filter for ash deep-bed deposition process was proposed. Based on the mathematical model, the effect of ash deposition on the flow resistance of filters was studied, and the accuracy of mathematical model was verified by the experimental data. The results showed that the flow resistance of filters increased quickly with the ash depth deposition. The flow resistance incrensed linearly at the beginning of the ash cake filtration phase, but the increase accelerated when the ash deposition amount exceed 15 g/L. The ash layer had a more significant influence on filter pressure drop than ash end-plugs. This study reveals some characteristics of ash depth deposition process, and is helpful for enhancing the durability of diesel particulate filter.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Mathematical models
Controlled terms:Active filters - Air filters - Deposition - Diesel engines - Fuel filters - Wall flow
Uncontrolled terms:Ash deposition - Ash layer - Cake filtration - Computational model - Deep-bed - Deposition process - Diesel particulate filters - Experimental data - Filter pressure - Flow resistance  - Particulate filter
Classification code:813.1 Coating Techniques - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 703.2 Electric Filters - 921 Mathematics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 523 Liquid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels - 612.2 Diesel Engines
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.026
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990441Title:Effects of water-soaked corn stalk substrate on tomato seedling culture
Authors:Wang, Jiqing (1); Zhao, Yueping (2); Liu, Chaojie (3)
Author affiliation:(1) Horticulture College of Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (2) College of Resource and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (3) Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
Corresponding author:Wang, J.
      (wjq16@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:276-281
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Peat moss as a kind of optical substrate is widely used in horticultural industry, it will be harmful to environment if peat moss is be unrestrained exploited. Exploring alternative substrate with stable performance becomes a hot spot of scientific research at home and abroad. In this experiment, the corn stalk substrate mixed with vermiculite in definite proportion was used for tomato seedling culture and was compared with peat moss. The corn stalk substrate was soaked in water in different time with the volume radio of 1:2 corn stalk substrate to water the soaked substrates would be air dried before using for growing tomato seedling. The effects of corn stalk substrate soaking in water in different time on the seedling growth were studied by measuring the coefficients of aboveground and underground parts growth and dry matter quantities regularly during the tomato seedling growing stage. The results indicated that the water-soaked corn stalk substrate could accelerated the tomato seedling growth and increased aboveground, underground parts growth and whole plant fresh and dry matter weight, the longer the tomato seedling growth, the more obviously the effects of these were. It was different that the effects of different soaking time in water on tomato seedling growth, prolonging soaking time properly could promote tomato growth and seedling dry matter accumulation, but these effects would be decreased with overtime soaking. The corn stalk substrate soaked in water in 10 d was an optimal treatment and could alternative peat moss in growing tomato seedling. It was an effective method for modified physicochemical properties of corn stalk substrate by soaked in water in some time.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Substrates
Controlled terms:Agricultural wastes - Clay minerals - Forestry - Fruits - Peat
Uncontrolled terms:Alternative substrates - Corn stalk - Dry matter accumulation - Dry matters - Grow seedling - Horticultural industry - Hot spot - Optical substrates - Optimal treatment - Peat moss  - Physicochemical property - Scientific researches - Seedling growth - Soaking time - Tomato - Tomato seedlings - Water-soak - Whole plants
Classification code:461 Bioengineering and Biology - 482.2 Minerals - 503 Mines and Mining, Coal - 524 Solid Fuels - 801 Chemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.052
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990398Title:Effects of Polyacrylamide application on ammonium nitrogen transport to surface runoff and its analytical modeling
Authors:Zhao, Liang (1); Tang, Zejun (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Tang, Z.
      (tangzejun@sina.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:49-54
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Nitrogen transport in runoff has a significant effect on nitrogen loss. In order to observe the effect of Polyacrylamide (PAM) addition on ammonium nitrogen transport in runoff, experiments were conducted with rainfall simulator under laboratory conditions. The results showed that PAM addition decreased ammonium nitrogen concentration dissolved in runoff, which was significant in initial reduction of ammonium nitrogen concentration, and it turned to a stead process of ammonium nitrogen loss. Based on the mixing zone theory and nitrogen mass conservation principle, a non-uniform and incompletely model was established to describe ammonium nitrogen transport in runoff. The model analytical result indicated that ammonium nitrogen concentration in runoff could be expressed as an exponential decrease with time, and was in accordance with the experimental data.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Ammonium compounds
Controlled terms:Mathematical models - Nitrogen - Rain - Runoff
Uncontrolled terms:Ammonium nitrogen - Ammonium nitrogen transport in runoff - Analytical model - Analytical modeling - Analytical results - Experimental data - Laboratory conditions - Mass conservation - Mixing zones - Nitrogen loss  - Nitrogen transport - Polyacry lamide - Polyacrylamide (PAM) - Polyacrylamides - Rainfall simulators - Soil mixing zone - Surface runoffs
Classification code:443.3 Precipitation - 444.1 Surface Water - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.009
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990446Title:Assessment of eco-efficiency of land use based on DEA
Authors:You, Heyuan (1); Wu, Cifang (1); Lin, Ning (2); Shen, Ping (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Institute of Land Science and Property Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; (2) Subbureau of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou Bureau of Land and Resources, Hangzhou 311200, China
Corresponding author:You, H.
      (youheyuan@gmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:309-315
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Land use change will impact land ecology. The eco-efficiency of land use can reflect the ecology effect of land use by input-output analysis, which can minimize cost of land use and maximize ecological value. Firstly, CCR-I model based on date envelopment analysis (DEA) was selected, and the input-output index of land use was ascertained, then the ecological efficiency value of land use was calculated. Secondly, spatial distribution pattern of eco-efficiency of land use was analyzed by using the ecological efficiency value of land use. Thirdly, in order to insure DEA-efficiency of eco-efficiency, the inputs and outputs optimization of land use in 31 provinces were designed based on optimization principles. And the alterative value of regulation factor under fixed land area and GDP were acquired. The results indicated that the assessment of eco-efficiency of land use was feasible. There is a relationship between the spatial distribution pattern of eco-efficiency of land use and regional land use characteristics. The land use can achieve the DEA-efficiency of eco-efficiency by input-output optimization.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Land use
Controlled terms:Data envelopment analysis - Ecology - Efficiency - Forestry - Optimization - Regional planning - Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms:Date envelopment analysis - Eco-efficiency - Ecological analysis - Ecological efficiency - Efficiency optimization - Input output analysis - Input-output - Land areas - Land-use change - Model-based  - Optimization principle - Regulation factors - Spatial distribution patterns
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 913.1 Production Engineering - 922 Statistical Methods - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 403.2 Regional Planning and Development - 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.057
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990426Title:Automatic control system of orchard tractor based on laser navigation
Authors:Liu, Pei (1); Chen, Jun (1); Zhang, Mingying (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Shanxi 712100, China
Corresponding author:Chen, J.
      (chenjun_shx@yahoo.com.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:196-199
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to develop an automatic guidance system for orchard machinery, laser navigation method was used on an orchard tractor. A laser scanner was used to collect the real time information of fruit trees' location and a path planning program was developed based on the least square method. A proportional controller was designed with the information of course deviation and lateral deviation as its input and the speed of steering motor as output to navigate the tractor moving straightly. The system realized the control function of navigating the tractor to move in a straight line in alleyways of the orchard. The maximum lateral deviation was 0.15 m after the tractor moved 30 m path at the speed of 0.27 m/s. Test results indicated that the system could be applied to the automatic navigation of orchard machinery and had certain reliability.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Orchards
Controlled terms:Automation - Control - Laser applications - Least squares approximations - Machinery - Navigation - Tractors (agricultural) - Tractors (truck)
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic guidance - Fitting path - Heading angles - Lateral deviation - Tractors
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods - 744.9 Laser Applications - 732 Control Devices - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 601 Mechanical Design - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.037
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990402Title:Relationship between the spatial distribution of flow velocity and sediment concentration
Authors:Li, Junlan (1); Cai, Qiangguo (1); Sun, Liying (1); Zheng, Mingguo (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (2) China National Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China; (3) Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China
Corresponding author:Cai, Q.
      (caiqg@igsnrr.ac.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:73-78
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Though conducting rain simulation experiments which used deionized water under different slopes (10°, 15°, 20°, 25°), different slope lengths (5, 10 m) and different rainfall intensities (90 mm/h, 120 mm/h), the distribution of flow velocity and the relationship between it and sediment concentration were discussed. From the top of the slope to the foot, the flow velocity gradually increased; and it was mainly affected by rainfall intensity and the distance it flew, while it was independent of slope, a simple equation was obtained. Relationship between velocity and rainfall intensity and the distance from the top was acquired. The results showed that sediment concentration was dependent of gradient slope, rainfall intensity and flow velocity, however sediment concentration measured of the 10 m slope was similar to that of 5 m slope. The energy of overland flow can be divided into three parts: the energy needed for its own mobile, the energy consumption of soil erosion and the energy needed to bring the soil particles. Within certain slope lengths, the energy of flow was enough for soil erosion and transport. Beyond this distance, although velocity of flow increased, the removal of sediment would consume more energy, so that there would not be more energy for the erosion of soil, thus sediment concentration didn't increase significantly.
Number of references:26
Main heading:Anoxic sediments
Controlled terms:Concentration (process) - Deionized water - Energy utilization - Erosion - Experiments - Flow velocity - Rain - Sedimentation - Sedimentology - Soil mechanics  - Soils - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms:Different slopes - Energy consumption - Overland flow - Rainfall intensity - Rill erosion - Sediment concentration - Simulation experiments - Slope length - Soil erosion - Soil particles
Classification code:901.3 Engineering Research - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 631 Fluid Flow - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 931.1 Mechanics - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 443.3 Precipitation - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.013
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990416Title:Application of gas bubble model to fuel injection system simulation
Authors:He, Yongling (1); Li, Runing (1)
Author affiliation:(1) School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Corresponding author:Li, R.
      (liruning@foxmail.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:142-146
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to predict pressure fluctuation of the diesel fuel injection system accurately, the gas bubble model based on gas bubble resolving and releasing physical processes was applied to the diesel fuel injection system model, and simulation program of diesel fuel injection system model was presented. The diesel fuel injection system model with the constant void fraction and the gas bubble model were simulated respectively, and the simulation results were compared with experimental data. The results showed that the simulation result curve of the diesel fuel injection system model with constant void fraction was smooth. But for the model of fuel injection system simulation with gas bubble, the simulation result was more coherent with the experimental data because the gas bubble volume varied with system pressure and time, particularly when the pressure exceeded 45 MPa, and the increasing of reduction rate of gas bubble volume caused the pressure shock. The study not only verifies the application feasibility of gas bubble model in diesel fuel injection system, but also provides reference for diesel fuel injection system model under two-phase condition.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Fuel injection
Controlled terms:Bubbles (in fluids) - Computer simulation - Diesel engines - Diesel fuels - Fuels - Gases - Two phase flow - Void fraction
Uncontrolled terms:Application feasibility - Experimental data - Fuel injection system - Fuel injection systems - Gas bubble - Physical process - Pressure fluctuation - Pressure shocks - Reduction rate - Simulation  - Simulation program - Simulation result - System pressure
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 631.1.2 Gas Dynamics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 523 Liquid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels - 521 Fuel Combustion and Flame Research - 524 Solid Fuels
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.027
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990412Title:Analysis of statics performance for a novel elbow joint of agricultural robot
Authors:Cui, Bingyan (1); Jin, Zhenlin (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (2) Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao 066003, China
Corresponding author:Jin, Z.
      (zljin@ysu.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:122-125
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:For raising automation level of farm operation, improving popularity and adaptability of agricultural robot and advancing its service efficiency, a novel elbow joint of agricultural robot was proposed based on 2-D orthogonal spherical parallel mechanism. The architecture of the mechanism was comprised of a moving platform attached to a frame through two linkages, and the moving platform relative to the frame had two-rotation-freedom. Compared with the others robot elbow joint, the elbow joint had the advantage of structure symmetry, easy assembly, good kinematics character and large workspace. In this paper, the statics performance of the novel elbow joint of agricultural robot was analyzed. Firstly, the static transmission equation of the elbow joint was established by using the principle of virtual works. Further, the force Jacobian matrix was introduced into the statics performance evaluation index by using the norm in Matrix theory, and the torque input stability evaluation index as well as the torque transitivity evaluation index were defined, and the performance atlas of the statics performance evaluation indexes were plotted at the work spaces of the elbow joint. Results showed that the statics transitivity evaluation index and the torque input stability evaluation index of the novel elbow joint presented a symmetric distribution, and the statics transitivity decreased as the angle increasing, and had good static performance and motion stability at initial position nearby 50% range. Important information for optimization design in the novel elbow joint of agricultural robot was provided in this paper.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Machine design
Controlled terms:Agricultural engineering - Jacobian matrices - Mechanisms - Robots - Torque
Uncontrolled terms:A-frames - Agricultural robot - Automation levels - Elbow joints - Evaluation index - Initial position - Large workspace - Matrix theory - Motion stability - Moving platform  - Optimization design - Performance atlas - Performance evaluation - Performance evaluation index - Principle of virtual work - Spherical parallel mechanism - Stability evaluation - Static performance - Structure symmetry - Symmetric distributions  - The torque performance evaluation index - Transmission equation - Work space
Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 601 Mechanical Design - 601.3 Mechanisms - 731.5 Robotics - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921.1 Algebra
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.023
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990430Title:Research of sugarcane harvest process monitoring with multi-temporal HJ-1 satellite data
Authors:Ma, Shangjie (1); Pei, Zhiyuan (1); Wang, Qingfa (1); Guo, Lin (1); Liang, Zili (2); Teng, Dongjian (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China; (2) Office of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning 530022, China
Corresponding author:Pei, Z.
      (peizhiyuan@agri.gov.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:215-219
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Guangxi Autonomous Region is the largest sugar production area in China, whose sugarcane planting area and sugar production account for about 60% of the country. Timely and accurately monitoring sugarcane planting and harvesting information is of great significance for sugarcane production. The multi-temporal HJ-1 A, B satellite CCD data were used to extract the sugarcane planting and harvesting information and area in Fusui county, Guangxi Autonomous Region. In this paper, We chose four temporal images from Nov.5th, 2009 to Feb 19th, 2010 and extracted the sugarcane information in each image, then overlaid the adjacent temporal sugarcane information and got the harvest area during the period. The research showed that: 1) The spatial resolution, waveband, radiation resolution of HJ-1 A, B satellite CCD data can meet the requirement of extracting main crop growth information and calculation area in complex land cover area at county scale and above; 2) The multi-temporal HJ-1 A, B satellite CCD data can be applied to monitoring the sugarcane harvest process and survey and statistic of agricultural resources which need high-temporal remote sense data.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Harvesting
Controlled terms:Process monitoring - Remote sensing - Satellites - Sugars
Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural resources - Crop growth - Guangxi - HJ-1 A, B satellite CCD data - Land cover - Multi-temporal - Production area - Radiation resolution - Satellite data - Spatial resolution  - Temporal images - Wavebands
Classification code:655.2 Satellites - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.041
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990408Title:Design and experiment on dairy cow precision-feeding device based on equal-diameter and variable-pitch
Authors:Meng, Hewei (1); Gao, Zhenjiang (2); Kan, Za (1); Lin, Hai (1)
Author affiliation:(1) College of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Gao, Z.
      (zjgao@cau.edu.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:103-107
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:In order to achieve the precision-feeding of dairy cow, the device accuracy must be assured. Based on the study of traditional feeding device, dairy cow precision feeding spiral device was designed using equal-diameter and variable-pitch methods in this study. The effect of different spiral spindle speeds and feeding times of testing device on the stability of precision feeding were studied through the experiment. Then, the spiral spindle speed was determined and the feeding model was designed. The experimental results showed that the 150 r/min was the most stable screw speed, feeding precision was above 95% and the maximum time of feeding was 11 s. The precision of feeding can meet the requirements of precision feeding of dairy cow.
Number of references:8
Main heading:Feeding
Controlled terms:Equipment - Experiments
Uncontrolled terms:Dairy cow - Precision-feeding - Screw speed - Spindle speed - Testing device - Variable-pitch
Classification code:691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.019
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990431Title:Comparison of ground-based LAI measuring methods on winter wheat
Authors:Liu, Rongyuan (1); Wang, Jihua (1); Yang, Guijun (1); Huang, Wenjiang (1); Li, Weiguo (1); Chang, Hong (1); Li, Xiaowen (2)
Author affiliation:(1) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100089, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Corresponding author:Wang, J.
      (wangjh@nercita.org.cn)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:220-224
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:This paper compared three ground-based LAI measuring methods (lamina mass per unit area method (LMA), a photographic method and SUNSCAN measurement) from three aspects: maneuverability, error sources and suitable condition and presented a preliminary analysis result. It was found that the LMA method and photographic method can be used during the whole growth stage of winter wheat, while SUNSCAN method should be further studied at the early growth stage before sealing ridges. SUNSCAN measurement was taken once per hour in a day, and the result showed the best time for measurement is from 13 to 15 o'clock. The photographic method revealed higher accuracy than LMA method. It is suggested that the measurement of SUNSCAN needs to process a revision of the anger distribution parameter according to the characteristic of winter wheat in different growth stage. This paper presented a method to revise the angle distribution parameter of SUNSCAN, and applied this method to three varieties of winter wheat on three typical growth stages.
Number of references:15
Uncontrolled terms:LAI - Lamina mass per unit area - Photographic method - Revise parameter - SUNSCAN - Winter wheat
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.042
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990428Title:Precision spraying model based on acoustic emission for crops disease stress
Authors:Wang, Xiuqing (1); You, Guodong (1); Yang, Shifeng (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
Corresponding author:You, G.
      (yougdong1973@sohu.com)
   
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:205-209
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:Acoustic emission technology of crop disease stress will be the important tendency of pesticide application information in the future. With analyzing relationships among crop disease stress degree, acoustic emission and environmental factors, precision spraying system based on acoustic emission for crop disease stress was designed in the paper. Self-learning fuzzy arithmetic for precision spraying to field was put forward. The model was simulated successfully with the Matlab platform. The result showed an expected effect for the spray rate control system. The study provided a new control strategy and method to realize intelligent control of precision spraying for crop.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Acoustic emissions
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Control systems - Crops - Fuzzy control - Fuzzy sets
Uncontrolled terms:Control strategies - Crop disease - Emission technology - Environmental factors - Expected effects - Fuzzy arithmetics - MATLAB platform - Model-based - Precision spraying - Self-learning  - Self-learning fuzzy control system - Spray rates - Spraying system
Classification code:723.5 Computer Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 751.2 Acoustic Properties of Materials - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.039
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Accession number:20112013990435Title:Optimization of technical parameters for making mulch from rice straw fiber
Authors:Han, Yongjun (1); Chen, Haitao (1); Liu, Lixue (1); Li, Hao (1)
Author affiliation:(1) Engineering College, North-east Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China
Corresponding author:Chen, H.
Source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao
Volume:27
Issue:3
Issue date:March 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:242-247
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10026819
CODEN:NGOXEO
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South, Beijing, 100026, China
Abstract:The technique for producing a kind of bio-degraded mulch from the straw fiber was studied. It is an alternative to plastic mulch with the same price and weed control, reducing evaporation functions. Rice straw fiber was the main material, and KP (wood fiber) as well as environment-friendly additives such as wet strength agent, rosin and bauxite were added. A central composite rotary orthogonal experimental design of RSM, with five factors and five levels for each factor was employed. Conventional paper producing technology was adopted, and pulp degree, mixture ratio, grammage, wet strength agent and conditioning agents were the input variables, dry tension strength, wet tension strength, sizing value were the response functions. The optimal technical parameters were obtained, the grammage value, conditioning agents content, wet strength agent content, mixture ratio and pulp degree were 90 g/m², 0.2%, 0.8%, less than 68% and more than 45°SR respectively. Under the condition, dry tension strength of the sample mulch was higher than 30 N, the wet tension stress was higher than 10 N, and the sizing value was higher than 100 s. The sample of mulch made from rice straw fiber could meet the need of mechanical performance for laying field.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Wood
Controlled terms:Fibers - Optimization - Pulp - Stresses - Weed control
Uncontrolled terms:Central composite - Degradable mulch - Environment friendly - Grammage - Input variables - Mechanical performance - Mixture ratio - Orthogonal experimental design - Plastic mulch - Response functions  - Rice straws - Tension strength - Tension stress - Wet strength agent - Wood fiber
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass - 811.2 Wood and Wood Products - 811.1 Pulp and Paper - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.046
Database:Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc.