王晓彤, 胡振琪, 赖小君, 梁宇生. 黏土夹层位置对黄河泥沙充填复垦土壤水分入渗的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(18): 86-93. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.011
    引用本文: 王晓彤, 胡振琪, 赖小君, 梁宇生. 黏土夹层位置对黄河泥沙充填复垦土壤水分入渗的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(18): 86-93. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.011
    Wang Xiaotong, Hu Zhenqi, Lai Xiaojun, Liang Yusheng. Influence of clay interlayer position on infiltration of reclaimed soil filled with Yellow River sediment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2019, 35(18): 86-93. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.011
    Citation: Wang Xiaotong, Hu Zhenqi, Lai Xiaojun, Liang Yusheng. Influence of clay interlayer position on infiltration of reclaimed soil filled with Yellow River sediment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2019, 35(18): 86-93. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.18.011

    黏土夹层位置对黄河泥沙充填复垦土壤水分入渗的影响

    Influence of clay interlayer position on infiltration of reclaimed soil filled with Yellow River sediment

    • 摘要: 在中国东部地区,土地复垦的一项重要任务是将采煤沉陷地复垦为耕地,复垦后的耕地生产力水平应接近损毁前的水平。然而,采用传统的黄河泥沙一次性充填后覆盖一定厚度土壤层的复垦方式,复垦后土壤持水性差,生产力水平低。夹层式充填复垦能够有效改善传统充填复垦土壤的水分特性,该文研究夹层位置对黄河泥沙填复垦土壤水分入渗过程的影响,共设计当地普通农田土壤剖面(CK1),传统"上土下沙"土壤剖面构型(CK2)及5个夹层式土壤剖面构型处理T1~T5:在60 cm厚的黄河泥沙充填层中的不同位置夹20 cm厚心土层(黏土层),夹层距离表土距离分别为50 cm(T1),55 cm(T2),60 cm(T3),65 cm(T4)及70 cm(T5)。通过室内入渗试验,分析不同位置设置夹层后土壤水分入渗特性及含水率分布情况,优选适应于该地区的夹层式土壤剖面构型。结果表明:入渗率随着夹层深度的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,即夹层位置距离土表55 cm为一临界深度,此时重构土壤的入渗率最低、湿润锋的运移速度最慢、阻水效果最强,但考虑到研究区强降雨天气,易形成地表径流。当心土夹层位置距离土表60 cm时,更接近普通农田土壤水分入渗特性,是黄河泥沙夹层式充填复垦的理想选择。该研究对深入探讨黄河泥沙夹层式充填复垦内部作用机理和指导滨黄河地区采煤沉陷地的土地复垦具有重要意义。

       

      Abstract: Coal is the primary energy source in china, large-scale coal mining causes serious ecological and environmental problems in China. For restoring farmland in such areas, reclaiming subsided land with Yellow River sediment is an effective reclamation technology. In this study, we investigated the influence of interlayer positions on soil water infiltration process of reclaimed soil filled with Yellow River sediment. The laboratory experiments of infiltration were conducted in the soil columns of 120 cm with 2 control treatments (CK1, CK2) and 5 interlayer treatments (T1-T5). CK1 consisted of 20-cm topsoil overlying subsoil, representing native undisturbed farmland. CK2 represented conventional reconstructed soil profile consisted of 20-cm topsoil and 40-cm subsoil overlying sediment and 60 cm Yellow River sediment on the bottom. Treatments T1-T5 represented reconstruct multi-layered soil profiles consisted of 20-cm topsoil, 20-cm subsoil and different combinations of sediment and 20-cm thick subsoil interlayer located at different position between the Yellow River sediment layer. In treatments of T1-T5, subsoil interlayer was filled into the column at the 50, 55, 60, 65, 70 cm away from the soil surface, respectively. The soil texture of subsoil was clay. Thus, the subsoil interlayer was also the clay interlayer. By the laboratory infiltration experiments, the influence of interlayer position on water infiltration was analyzed, and the subsoil interlayer position of the reclaimed soil filled with Yellow River sediment was optimized. Calculated index included infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, depth to the wetting front, and water content volume distribution of the reclaimed soils. Finally, the filtration was fitted by Kostiakov model. The results showed that subsoil clay interlayer was more effective in inhibiting water leakage and improving the water-holding capacity of conventional reconstructed soil profile. The infiltration rate increased and then decreased with the increasing depth of subsoil interlayers with the same thickness. The position of the subsoil interlayer at 55 cm below the soil surface was a threshold where the infiltration rate was the lowest, the migration speed of the wetting front was the slowest, and the water resistance effect was the strongest. However, considering the heavy rainfall in the study area, surface runoff was easy to form. When the position of interlayer was 60 cm below the soil surface, the water infiltration characteristic was closer to that of undamaged farmland, and it was the optimal position of interlayer for land reclamation with Yellow River sediments. Moreover, the Kostiakov model could fit the infiltration process well for the reclaimed soil with clay interlayer in the Yellow River sediment layer (R2 was higher than 0.99 and relative root mean square error was not higher than 0.07). This study has important practical significance for extension of interlayer soil profile reclamations with Yellow River sediment.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回