Abstract: The strategic value of farmland usufruct abandonment is becoming more and more prominent, which makes the practice of exploring farmland usufruct abandonment come into being. It is not only the government's guidance but also the farmers participation and decision-making that are needed to invigorate the farmland usufruct. In order to investigate the factors that affect the decision of the farmer's farmland usufruct abandonment, we obtain 607 questionnaire survey and interview data of rural households in 33 villages in Zhengzhou and Zhoukou of Henan Province in April ,2018.This paper uses Logistic regression model to explore influence mechanisms of influencing factors on the individual and family characteristics of farmers, resource endowment, ability of abandoning the farmland usufruct, risk estimation of abandoning the farmland usufruct, and cognitive level, which influence the willingness of farmers to abandon the farmland usufruct from different sample areas (taking total sample as a whole, typical rural and urban-rural interface). The possible endogenous problems are also discussed. At the same time, in order to examine the applicability of the farmland usufruct abandonment in various places, This paper systematically analyzes the intention and mode selection orientation of farmers in the study area under the four simulated scenarios of "Pingluo mode", "Liangping mode", "Neijiang mode" and "Chengdu mode". The results show that: 1) The intention of the farmer's farmland usufruct abandonment is markedly influenced by the farmer's own situation, resource endowment, ability to abandon the farmland usufruct, risk expectation, and cognitive level. Variables like respondents' gender, skill status, village cadre experience, land transfer status, distance between the nearest county, perennial place of residence, urban settlement plan, income source differentiation, whether has pension insurance or not ,land importance perception and legal cognition are significantly affecting the willingness of rural households to abandon farmland usufruct. Variables such as the level of education, the total number of families, the degree of expected risk, and the willingness to plant land have a significant negative impact on the willingness of farmers to abandon farmland usufruct. Farmers with better family conditions, poor resource endowment, high ability to abandon farmland usufruct, low expected risk, high level of cognition have a strong willingness to abandon farmland usufruct which may be the main groups of farmland usufruct abandonment. 2) Under the unbalanced development of the region, the factors affecting the withdrawal of the farmland usufruct of rural households in typical rural and urban-rural areas are not the same. 3) After using the CMP method to control possible endogenous problems, the influence of variable risk level estimation on the willingness of farmers to abandon farmland usufruct is still significant. However, the absolute value of the coefficient has decreased. This shows that if the endogenous problems are not considered, the impact of risk level estimation on the willingness of farmers to abandon farmland usufruct may be overestimated. 4) Farmers in the research area have higher acceptance of farmland usufruct abandonment mode of Neijiang and Liangping, and lower acceptance of the mode in Pingluo and Chengdu. Farmers are most concerned about compensation, matching social security and forms of abandonment. Based on the research conclusions, the paper proposes policy recommendations for optimizing the system of farmland usufruct abandonment from multiple angles.