Abstract: Abstract: The Mollisols degradation induced by water erosion is a big issue in the slope farmland of northeast China. Ridge direction as the same with contour line (contour tillage) could markedly decrease surface runoff and soil loss compared to downslope tillage, which was wildly applied to control soil erosion in the northeast of China. In order to identify the recovery of soil organic matter (SOM) under contour tillage, 102 soil samples were collected and measured in a 1.4 hm2 and 3.8° slope farmland by standard grid method in Guangrong village, Heilongjiang province, northeast China, and the soil properties such as SOM and soil water content were measured and compared before and after 10 years of contour tillage by classic statistics (CS) and geostatistics (GS) analysis. The results showed: 1) There was no difference of soil water content before and after 10 years of contour tillage by CS analysis, while GS analysis could well reveal the spatial variation of soil properties in the field before and after ridge direction changed by Range, ratio of Nugget to Sill and spatial distribution maps. 2) The Range of soil water content decreased from 510.7 to 193.2 m, which revealed the spatial heterogeneity of soil water content decreased by contour tillage, namely the water redistribution by surface runoff declined after 10 years of contour tilleage. Meanwhile the ratio of Nugget to Sill of soil water content increased from 11.7% to 46.9% indicated that the spatial autocorrelation level changed from intense to medium. 3) The soil erosion was well controlled by contour tillage in the field with the surface runoff coefficient decreased from 9.8% to 0.48%, and annual soil loss changed from 35.2 to 0.43 t/hm2. 4) The SOM in the top soil layer of 0-20 cm was increased with 2.61 g/kg and improved by 8.4%, except for a decrease of 3.7% in a small area of the west part of the middle-upper part of the slope after 10 years of contour tillage. 5) The soil total nitrogen (TN) content in the top soil layer of 0-20 cm decreased with 0.04 g/kg and reduced by 2.8%. The TN content increased in the upper slope and foot slope, as that in most part of the middle and lower slope decreased and the area amounted to 63% of the total. Therefore, in order to improve the soil fertility of degraded farmland, water and soil conservation measures are not enough, more nitrogen fertilizer should also be added properly. This study presents important references for soil and water conservation in the Mollisols slope farmland of Northeast China.