张猛, 曾永年. 长株潭城市群湿地景观时空动态变化及驱动力分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(1): 241-249. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.01.033
    引用本文: 张猛, 曾永年. 长株潭城市群湿地景观时空动态变化及驱动力分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(1): 241-249. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.01.033
    Zhang Meng, Zeng Yongnian. Temporal and spatial dynamic changes and driving forces analysis of wetland landscape of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(1): 241-249. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.01.033
    Citation: Zhang Meng, Zeng Yongnian. Temporal and spatial dynamic changes and driving forces analysis of wetland landscape of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(1): 241-249. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.01.033

    长株潭城市群湿地景观时空动态变化及驱动力分析

    Temporal and spatial dynamic changes and driving forces analysis of wetland landscape of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration

    • 摘要: 针对长株潭城市群的湿地景观面积迅速减少、破碎化程度增加等情况,该文基于时间序列Landsat数据及物候特征参数,采用面向对象方法的随机森林算法获得了长株潭城市群2000-2015年湿地时空格局及变化数据,利用景观格局指数、质心迁移等方法分析了近16 a来长株潭城市群湿地时空格局及变化特征,并通过Logistics回归模型分析了城市群湿地演化的驱动力因素。研究结果表明:1)湿地类型主要为人工湿地水田,其次为河流湿地与库塘湿地,湖泊湿地与苔草沼泽分布面积相对较小;2)2000-2015年研究区湿地总面积呈减少趋势,减少231.12 km2,减少6.64%,同时湿地的空间转移也十分剧烈。3)研究期间,长株潭城市群湿地景观破碎度在呈增强趋势,且景观形状也趋于复杂。同时,研究区景观连通性在不断降低,而景观丰富度在不断增加。4)研究期间,长株潭城市群5种湿地类型的质心在均发生了不同程度的的迁移,其中河流、库塘和水田的质心迁移相对较大,湖泊的质心位置相对稳定。5)长株潭城市群地区降水量的减少及气温的升高,加之高强度人类干扰是近年来湿地变化的主要原因,其中人类活动加剧了湿地变化的复杂性和差异性。该研究可为长株潭城市群湿地资源的可持续发展提供科学、可靠的数据支持。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Urban wetland is an important ecological base of urban agglomeration, and is crucial to the ecological environment of the city. In this study, we selected Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration as the study area. The time series Landsat data and phenology characteristics, as well as the random forest algorithm with object-oriented method were employed to get wetland landscape data of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration. Then, the Markov matrix, landscape pattern index, and mass migration method were used to analyze the spatial and temporal changes characteristics of wetland landscape. And we also analyzed the driving forces of wetland degradation by logistics regression model. The results showed that: 1) The major wetland type was paddy field, followed by river and pond, and lake and sedge marsh areas were relatively small, and the areas of these wetland types were 3008.32, 179.98, 48.20, 4.96, and 4.85 km2, respectively. Wetlands were mainly distributed outside the city suburbs, hills and valleys, or areas with relatively dense irrigation facilities. Wetlands were mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest of the study area, and the area in the northeast and southeast was relatively small. 2) The total wetland area of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration during 2000-2015 was decreased by about 231.12 km2. Among them, the reduction of paddy field was the most intense, which reached 227.38 km2. There was a great deal of conversion between wetlands and non-wetland landscape types, as well as the conversion between wetland types. 3) In the past 16 years, the coordinates of the centers of mass of the 4 wetland types have been shifted obviously. The migration of the mass centers of the river and pond was the most obvious, while the center of mass of the lake was relatively stable. The center of mass of the lake moved eastward firstly and then northward. 4) The mean patch area of the river in the study area was the largest, followed by paddy fields, lakes, ponds and sedge marsh. The landscape fragmentation of paddy field, ponds and sedge marsh was higher than other wetland types, the patch shape of sedge marsh and ponds was the most complicated, and the aggregation index of paddy field and ponds was relatively higher than others. The landscape patch number, shape index and Shannon diversity index of study area were obviously increased, while the aggregation index decreased significantly. 5) The reduction of precipitation and increasing of temperature coupled with the high intensity of human disturbance were the main reasons to wetland degeneration in recent years in Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration. The change of temperature in study area was gentle, and it had a relatively less significant influence on wetland area change than precipitation. Among the social economic factors affecting the wetland change of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration during 2000-2015, the most important was the urbanization rate index, and Wald statistic (reflecting contribution rate) was 9.82. Another major economic factor was GDP (gross domestic product) per capita, with Wald statistic of 9.27. The resident population was also an important factor of wetland change, with Wald statistic of 7.85.

       

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