程琳琳, 赵云肖, 陈良. 高潜水位采煤沉陷区土地损毁程度评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(21): 253-260. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.21.031
    引用本文: 程琳琳, 赵云肖, 陈良. 高潜水位采煤沉陷区土地损毁程度评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(21): 253-260. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.21.031
    Cheng Linlin, Zhao Yunxiao, Chen Liang. Evaluation of land damage degree of miningsubsidence area with high groundwater level[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(21): 253-260. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.21.031
    Citation: Cheng Linlin, Zhao Yunxiao, Chen Liang. Evaluation of land damage degree of miningsubsidence area with high groundwater level[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(21): 253-260. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.21.031

    高潜水位采煤沉陷区土地损毁程度评价

    Evaluation of land damage degree of miningsubsidence area with high groundwater level

    • 摘要: 土地损毁程度评价是采煤沉陷区土地复垦方案编制和受损农民补偿标准制定的重要依据。该文以东滩煤矿为例,在系统梳理已有研究的基础上,构建评价指标体系,划分评价单元,采用基于模糊意见集中决策的序关系分析法(G1法)确定指标权重,针对高潜水位矿区的特点,将极限条件法和可拓评价方法相结合,对其2014-2018年开采造成的采煤沉陷区的土地损毁程度进行评价,结果表明:拟损毁的土地面积总共为1 675 hm2,其中轻度损毁面积为968.2 hm2,中度损毁面积为379.53 hm2,重度损毁面积为327.27 hm2。与简单的以积水状况确定损毁程度的经验方法比较表明,经验做法往往低估了高潜水位采煤沉陷区土地的损毁水平。该研究为东滩煤矿科学合理编制土地复垦方案、确定受损农民补偿标准提供了支持,为同类型的其他高潜水位采煤沉陷区土地损毁程度的评价提供了借鉴。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: The evaluation of land damage degree is an important basis for the formulation of land reclamation plan and the establishment of compensation standard for farmers in coal mining subsidence area. Mining subsidence area with high groundwater level has the characteristics of flat terrain, lower phreatic water depth, more recoverable coal seams, large thickness and big surface subsidence coefficient which lead to severe surface subsidence and seeper. Land is seriously destroyed. Thus, this paper takes Dongtan coal mine as an example to evaluate land damage degree of subsidence area with high groundwater level that will be damaged by coal mining from 2014 to 2018. The underground water level more easily rises above the surface elevation after mining, which leads to surface seeper in coal mining area with high groundwater level and when the perennial seeper is formed, there will be total crop failure for farmland. In Dongtan coal mine, the maximum buried depth of groundwater is 4 m. When the surface subsidence depth is more than 4 m, there will be perennial seeper, and therefore, the area with sinking depth of more than 4 m is designated as severely damaged area by the limit condition method. Based on a systematic review of existing research, the evaluation index system of other areas with sinking depth of no more than 4 m is constructed and evaluation units are divided with proper method. The weights of the indices are determined by the method of relationship of the order based on centralized decision-making of fuzzy opinions. Damage degrees are evaluated by the extension method. The final evaluation results show that the total damaged area of land is 1 675 hm2, of which the slightly damaged area is 968.2 hm2, the moderately damaged area is 379.53 hm2, and the severely damaged area is 327.27 hm2. The comparison with the simple empirical method of determining damage degree by means of surface seeper shows that the empirical method often underestimates the level of land damage in the mining area with high groundwater level. Areas where differences occur are concentrated in the middle and lower slopes of subsidence basins. Tilt deformation causes the slope of the land to become larger, and increases soil erosion; the area is under tensile force, and soil compaction is reduced, which is not conducive to the growth of crops, so the region near middle slopes can also be moderately damaged area. For the subsidence basin in downhill region, squeezed effect improves the land compaction, which is not conducive to the absorption of water and fertilizer for crops, and the area is prone to salinization and swamping, which is not conducive to the growth of crops. Although there is no perennial water area, the extent of the damage can be severe. Therefore, when determining damage degree of the land in coal mining subsidence area with high groundwater level, the condition of surface seeper should not be deemed as the only standard. The method proposed in this paper provides a reference for this type of subsidence area: The perennial water area is designated as severe damage area by the limit condition method, and comprehensive evaluation index system should be constructed to evaluate damage degree of land in other areas. The study provides theoretical support for the development of land reclamation plan and the establishment of compensation standards of farmers in Dongtan coal mine, and provides a reference for the evaluation of land damage degree in the same type of coal mining subsidence areas with high groundwater level.

       

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