Abstract:
Abstract: In order to verify the estimated result of different chilling requirement estimation models and heat requirement estimation models, and screen the early maturing cultivars which are suitable for planting in protected cultivation, 3 different estimation models (≤7.2 ℃ model, the 0-7.2 ℃ model and the Utah model) for estimating chilling requirements and 2 different estimation models (the growing degree hour model and the effective accumulated temperature model) for estimating heat requirements were used and compared with 22 grape cultivars for 3 years. The experimental materials include Hongqitezaomeigui, Zizhenxiang, Wuhezaohong, Hongbiaowuhe, 87-1, Cardinal, Centenial Seedless, Pearl of Csaba, Otilia, Xiangfei, Hongxiangfei, Hongshuangwei, Kyoho, Superior Seedless, Jingya, Jumeigui, Fujiminori, Bronx Seedless, Mars Seedless, Summer Black, Jingxiu and Yatomi Rosa, which were grafted on Bata. They are planted in the grape center technology demonstration areas of Fruit Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Xingcheng, Liaoning Province, 120.51°E, 40.45°N). Their planting distance and row spacing are 0.5 and 1 m, respectively, double-plant plantation, horizontal dragon shape with vertical leaf canopy. Among the 3 chilling requirement models, the annual variation coefficient of chilling requirement for each grape variety was the smallest in the Utah model, followed by the 0-7.2 ℃ model, and the ≤7.2 ℃ model was the largest. The annual variation coefficient of heat requirement for each grape variety was both small in the growing degree hour model and the effective accumulated temperature model. Considering the ease of calculation, we suggested to use the effective accumulated temperature model. All in all, for the chilling requirement calculation of different grape cultivars in greenhouse, the results from the Utah model are the best. For the heat requirement calculation of different grape cultivars in greenhouse, the effective accumulated temperature model was suggested to be adopted for calculation. Based on the calculation of the Utah model and the effective accumulated temperature model, we found that the high chilling requirement varieties were more than those with low chilling requirement in the common grape varieties, and the low heat requirement varieties were more than those with high heat requirement. The chilling and heat requirements were both low in Wuhezaohong, 87-1, Pearl of Csaba, Xiangfei and Hongxiangfei. They were early flowering and more conducive to the regulation for fruit maturity, so they were suitable for protected cultivation.