Abstract: Abstract: In the treatment of the rural domestic sewage, the total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） effluent concentration has been too high to comply with the class A of Pollutant Discharge Standard of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plan(GB18918-2002). To solve this problem, a new type of denitrification and dephosphorization filer adopted in an anoxic filter (AF) - biological aerated filter (BAF) system was developed. The mass percentage of the raw materials of this fillers, namely steel slag, iron scrap, zeolite, activated carbon and cement, was 45%, 10%, 20%, 10% and 15%, respectively. The mixture of these materials at this mass ratio was then wrapped on the hollow float in the coating machine. The final product was produced after curing for a certain time. Due to the fact that the new fillers presented excellent synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal performances and were easy to prepare with low cost, they could be beneficial for promotion and application. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results demonstrated that the fillers were of good hydrophilicity and rough surface. A large number of voids and large specific surface area was conductive to biofilm colonization. Optical microscope results showed that the biofilm was of good growth and high activity, which could remain long-term stable operation without backwash. And five main influencing factors (HRT, gas water ratio, reflux ratio and temperature) were investigated for the advanced treatment research. In the single factor experiment, when the value of the study factor was changed, TN and TP concentrations were measured for consecutive 4 days after the system got stable, and the average value was taken as the final result. The results showed that, within a certain range, the pollutants removal rate was proportional to HRT and temperature which means that the improvement of HRT and temperature exerted a positive effect on pollutant removal within a certain range. Besides, the removal rate tended to increase at first and then decrease with the rising of gas water ratio and reflux ratio. At the same time, the TN removal efficiency was significantly affected by temperature. The TN removal rate experienced an upward then a following downward trend with the increasing of temperature. In contrast, the TP removal rate increased slightly as temperature rose, drawing the conclusion that the changes of temperature had little effect on TP removal. Overall, the optimum conditions of this technology were as follows: HRT 5h, gas water ratio 10:1, reflux ratio 50% and 27℃, which was best for the nitrogen removal. With a stable system operation achieved, the effluent COD (chemical oxygen demand), NH3-N, TN and TP were 18.53, 0.66, 9.78 and 0.30 mg/L respectively and the removal efficiencies were 89.82%, 99.80%, 59.05% and 88.31%, respectively, which could meet the A class criteria specified in Pollutant Discharge Standard of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plan(GB18918-2002). Through the comparative test conducted, the effect of the new filters was better than that of the ordinary commercial ceramic filters, which was of obvious advantages and development prospects. The results have provided reference for the practical engineering and theoretical study.