郑思宁, 刘强, 郑逸芳. 规模化水产养殖技术效率及其影响因素分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(20): 229-235. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.030
    引用本文: 郑思宁, 刘强, 郑逸芳. 规模化水产养殖技术效率及其影响因素分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(20): 229-235. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.030
    Zheng Sining, Liu Qiang, Zheng Yifang. Analysis of scale aquaculture production efficiency and analysis of its determinants[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(20): 229-235. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.030
    Citation: Zheng Sining, Liu Qiang, Zheng Yifang. Analysis of scale aquaculture production efficiency and analysis of its determinants[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(20): 229-235. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.030

    规模化水产养殖技术效率及其影响因素分析

    Analysis of scale aquaculture production efficiency and analysis of its determinants

    • 摘要: 水产养殖园区是推动水产养殖业规模化生产的一种重要形式,对于促进中国水产养殖业生产方式转变和供给侧结构性改革具有重要意义。该文以浙江省为例,采用随机前沿方法分析了水产养殖产业园区的技术效率及其影响因素。结果表明:1)规模化水产养殖园区提高了养殖生产效率园区技术效率,技术效率从建成前的0.673上升到建成后的0.712;2)水产养殖园区标准化水平提升了养殖业技术效率,对技术无效率的回归系数为−0.0003;3)疾病控制设备对技术无效率起到积极的促进作用(回归对系数为0.0033),这意味着过度的基础设施投资将导致设备闲置,阻碍了提高技术效率;4)品牌建设对提高养殖技术效率起到积极作,回归对系数为0.0033;5)龙头企业对提高技术效率有最大的积极作用,渔业合作组织次之,养殖大户促进作用最小,三者对技术无效率的回归系数分别是−0.0017、−0.0015和−0.0008;而普通养殖户的回归系数则为0.0012,不利于提高养殖技术的效率。上述结果至少具有如下政策启示:应加大对水产养殖园区生产要素的投入,基础设施投入应遵循规模适度原则,注重品牌建设和创新渔业组织模式。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Aquaculture park is an important form to promote scale breeding, which has an important significance for the transformation of aquaculture production style and the structural reform of supply side. In this paper, we use the stochastic frontier approach to analyze the production efficiency of aquaculture park with large scale in Zhejiang Province and its influencing factors. The stochastic frontier analysis method is widely used in the studies on agricultural production, yet the research using this method to calculate the technology efficiency of aquaculture park and analyze its influencing factors is relatively few. The technical efficiency of tilapia culture in Guangxi and the technical efficiency of freshwater aquaculture in China have been studied by some scholars. However, most of these studies are limited to a single aquatic species or based on macro data, lacking the analysis of the operating efficiency of the micro main varieties. This paper chooses Zhejiang Province as the research area because of its developed aquaculture industry, typical park construction, standard breeding and industrial organization system. Based on previous studies, we investigate the technical efficiency of aquatic breeding park and its influencing factors, which aimed to provide reference for the healthy development of the aquaculture industry in China. The data of empirical analysis come from the Agriculture Department and the Financial Department of Zhejiang Province, which cover 116 modern fishery parks. Cross-sectional data of both before and after the construction of modern fishery park are collected. Statistical indicators mainly include the scale and efficiency (breeding area, total production, total output value, labor productivity per capita), capital investments (provincial capital investment, capital investment of owners), facilities and equipment investments (reservoir, cold storage preservation, supporting house for production, oxygen increasing machine, feeding machine), technology application and brand building (standardized production area, sewage purification treatment, disease prevention and treatment, aquatic products brand), and business entities (main operating company, cooperatives and farmers). Case data are discarded if key information is missing. At last, a total of 108 valid cases are obtained. In order to eliminate the impact of price changes, the output value of fishery park, the capital investments and other variables are divided by production price index. The results show that: 1) Scale production exerts a positive effect on the aquaculture production efficiency which has increased from 0.673 to 0.712 since the completion of the park; 2) The standardization level effectively improves the breeding technology efficiency of the park, with a regression coefficient of -0.0003; 3) Disease control equipment improves the technical inefficiency (the regression coefficient is 0.0033), which means that excessive investment in infrastructure will lead to idle equipment and hinder the improvement of technical efficiency; 4) Brand building positively influences the breeding technology efficiency of the park, with a regression coefficient of -0.0033; 5) Leading enterprises have the greatest positive effect on the level of technical efficiency, followed by the organization of fishery cooperation and the large professional farmers, with the regression coefficients of technical inefficiency being -0.0017, 0.0015 and -0.0008 respectively. But the regression coefficient of ordinary farmers is 0.0012, which implies no significant effect on the efficiency of aquaculture technology. Some policy implications can be drawn from the results of the empirical study. Increasing production of aquaculture park inputs, investing infrastructure following principle of moderate scale, paying attention to brand building and innovating the mode of fishery organization and so on may enhance the technical efficiency of aquaculture park.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回