靳姗姗, 汪星, 汪有科, 佘檀. 不同覆盖措施对减少枣林休眠期土壤水分损失的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(14): 153-160. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.14.021
    引用本文: 靳姗姗, 汪星, 汪有科, 佘檀. 不同覆盖措施对减少枣林休眠期土壤水分损失的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(14): 153-160. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.14.021
    Jin Shanshan, Wang Xing, Wang Youke, She Tan. Effects of typical mulching patterns on soil water loss in jujube land during dormancy period[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(14): 153-160. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.14.021
    Citation: Jin Shanshan, Wang Xing, Wang Youke, She Tan. Effects of typical mulching patterns on soil water loss in jujube land during dormancy period[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(14): 153-160. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.14.021

    不同覆盖措施对减少枣林休眠期土壤水分损失的影响

    Effects of typical mulching patterns on soil water loss in jujube land during dormancy period

    • 摘要: 针对黄土丘陵半干旱区林地土壤干化缺水严重的现象,利用2012-2015年3种覆盖措施下土壤水分定位实测数据,探讨和分析全年覆盖措施对枣林休眠期土壤水分损失的影响。结果表明:休眠期是枣林地土壤水分损失的重要时期,无覆盖枣林地土壤水分损失85.64~92.34 mm,是同期降雨量的2.12倍。当地枣林地土壤水分损失的土层深度基本在0~200 cm范围。在0~200 cm范围土壤垂直剖面上,休眠期3种覆盖措施下土壤水分损失均呈现随深度增加而均匀减少的规律。休眠期0~200 cm土层秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖和石子覆盖土壤水分总损失量分别较裸地减少38.32、50.56、40.48 mm。覆盖措施可以促进休眠期土壤水分向深层运移。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: To promote development of the forestry and alleviate soil water depletion in forest land, a better understanding of the effects of different mulching patterns on soil moisture region, and further seeking reasonable soil conservation measures in loess hilly-gully are paramount important. As the severe soil water depletion existed in forest land in the semiarid area of the Loess Plateau, the soil water contents under 3 different mulching patterns in jujube orchard were measured using a neutron probe (CNC100 DR, ChaoNeng, China) that had been calibrated using standard methods. From March 2012 to October 2015, volumetric soil water content was measured 3 times per month. Measurements were made at the depth increment of 0.1 and 0.2 m in the 0-1 and 1-5 m soil layer, respectively. Meanwhile, the meteorological data were collected from meteorological station near the experimental plots. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mulching patterns on soil water loss in jujube orchard during dormancy period. The test plots were located at Yuanzhi Mount in Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province. The test plots were selected in the 11-aged dwarf close planting jujube forest in October 2011. Three level-terraces with similar slope and aspect were established on a hillslope. For each level-terrace, 4 treatments (straw mulching, plastic film mulching, gravel mulching, and bare land) were set to explore the effects of mulching patterns on soil moisture. The plot scale for 4 treatments was 2 m × 3 m and the area for each plot was thus 6 m2. The 20 cm wide and 5 m deep ditch all around each plot was excavated for each plot. To isolate the surrounding soil water and root on the test plot, about 1 mm thick plastic was used. There was no irrigation during the experiment. The thickness of the straw mulching was 10-12 cm, while the particle size of gravel mulching was 0.5-1.0 cm with a thickness about 5 cm. In the plastic film mulching treatment plot, the terrain around the trunk of jujube tree was lower than the surrounding soil. Furthermore, 1-2 cm gap between the trunk and the plastic film was maintained to make sure that the ground water could flow into the trunk and infiltrate to the soil. The results indicated that in growth period the soil water was at increasing stage on the whole, while the soil water exhibited a decreasing trend in dormancy period. Hence, dormancy period occupied a dominant role in causing soil water loss in jujube orchard. The soil water loss of bare land ranged from 85.64 to 92.34 mm, which was approximately 2.12 times greater than the rainfall of the corresponding period. The depth of soil water loss could reach 200 cm in local jujube orchard. In the vertical direction of soil profile (0-200 cm), the soil water loss gradually decreased with the soil depth. The soil water loss of straw mulching, plastic film mulching, and gravel mulching was 38.32, 50.56, and 40.48 mm lower than that of bare land, respectively. Therefore, mulching can promote the soil water movement from shallow to deep soil layer.

       

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