张光发, 张斌, 许家帅, 吕健. 近海捕贝作业平台技术经济论证模型及应用[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(8): 278-284. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.08.039
    引用本文: 张光发, 张斌, 许家帅, 吕健. 近海捕贝作业平台技术经济论证模型及应用[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(8): 278-284. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.08.039
    Zhang Guangfa, Zhang Bin, Xu Jiashuai, Lü Jian. Technical and economical evaluation model of offshore scallops capture operation platform and its application[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(8): 278-284. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.08.039
    Citation: Zhang Guangfa, Zhang Bin, Xu Jiashuai, Lü Jian. Technical and economical evaluation model of offshore scallops capture operation platform and its application[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(8): 278-284. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.08.039

    近海捕贝作业平台技术经济论证模型及应用

    Technical and economical evaluation model of offshore scallops capture operation platform and its application

    • 摘要: 为了辅助一种近海捕贝作业平台的方案决策,使其达到较佳经济效果,以解决近海扇贝养殖捕捞生产中的能耗大、劳动强度高、捕捞效率低以及捕捞效果差的问题,该文根据给定的营运条件、捕捞能力和贝类资源情况,对其进行了技术经济论证研究。选取捕贝平台的拖网主机功率、平台跨距、平台锚次横移时间、平台总建造成本、平台拖网速度作为论证的参数,以单位面积捕捞油耗、单位捕捞成本、捕捞效率为经济评价指标,建立了近海捕贝作业平台技术经济论证模型。基于该模型利用比较论证方法对渔船捕捞方式与捕贝作业平台捕捞方式进行了经济性计算,然后对选取的技术经济参数进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:当平台拖网主机功率400~470 kW、平台跨距0.5~3.0 km、平台锚次横移时间2.0 h以下、平台捕捞拖网速度1.4 kn以上、平台总建造成本低于2750万元时,平台捕捞方案比渔船捕捞方案具有明显的优势。实例计算证明,利用该文提出的技术经济论证模型,通过比较分析论证方法,可得到捕捞作业平台的技术参数范围,为新型近海捕贝作业平台的技术参数设计与实施提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: At present, trawl fishing as a traditional method is widely used in shellfish harvesting at home and abroad. However, using this method to catch the scallops has many disadvantages, such as huge energy consumption, high labor intensity, and poor fishing efficiency, which have become the key questions to restrict the sustainable development of marine fishing industry. Therefore, it's very worth researching alternative scallop fishing equipment to meet the requirements of green development. The offshore scallop capture equipment is made up of platform deck, floating body and mooring, which is a kind of floating offshore engineering structure. This equipment occupies multiple functions, such as fishing, sorting, refining, storage and so on. Winch motors (ground net machine and anchor winch), cargo winch, generator unit, scallop separator, working cabin, accommodation and diesel generator were installed on the platform, and solar power as the source of power. In addition, to keep the scallops fresh and achieve the purpose of saving space, 2 shellfish purification storage networks were also set below the platform. Compared with the trawl fishing, it would substantially reduce energy consumption, realize precision fishing, raise fishing efficiency, and decrease the cost of purification. In this paper, based on the comparative methods, the technologic and economic parameters and the economic assessment indices were selected for the establishment of the technical and economic evaluation model, which was to investigate the economy of offshore scallops capture working platform. Firstly, the platform trawling engine power, the platform span, the hauls of platform anchored one time, the lateral movement time of platform anchored one time, the trawling speed of platform and the total construction cost of platform were selected as the technologic and economic parameters. Secondly, the capture fuel consumption per unit area, the unit cost of fishing and the capture efficiency were selected as the economic assessment indices. Next, the technical and economic evaluation model was established according to the technologic and economic parameters and the economic assessment indices. At last, based on this model, the economic calculation of fishing methods including fishing vessels and scallops capture working platform was carried out by using the comparative method. The results showed that when the platform trawling engine power was 400-470 kW, the platform span was 0.5-3.0 km, the lateral movement time of platform anchored one time was less than 2 h, the trawling speed of platform was beyond 1.4 kn, the total construction cost of platform was less than 27.5 million yuan, the scallops capture working platform project had more advantages over the fishing method of fishing vessels. Meanwhile, from these data, it was concluded that the haul of platform anchored one time was not very sensitive to the effect of scallops capture working platform project. The offshore scallops capture working platform conformed the policy of energy saving and emission reduction that was in line with the national "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". By further experimental verification, the analysis model and method can provide the economic theory reference for the fundamental changes in fisheries production mode in China.

       

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