Abstract:
Abstract: Corn has already been the first major grain crop in China and its planting area is growing quickly. Compared to the wheat mechanical harvesting, corn mechanical harvesting level is very low. For traditional corn harvesting machine, snapping device most snaps corn ear. It makes extrusion or nibbling on the corn ear caused by snapping roller, leading to the high loss rate. It hinders the development of mechanization. As the subsidies on agriculture are generous in recent years, corn harvesters have been developed rapidly. But there are also many problems that can't be solved in current corn harvesters, such as high grain damage rate, high impurity rate and high power consumption. So a new way to pick up corn is needed urgently. In order to solve these current problems, our research team designs the bionic device of breaking corn ears. This design's inspiration is from artificially picking up corn ears; people pick up corn ears from top to bottom, and this way does not have the problem of hurting corn ears, so we break through the traditional way and use a new way to design this device. The working principle of this device is that power is provided by the speed regulating motor. After driving sprocket drives the power, the left driving wheel for breaking ears rotates clockwise and the right driving wheel for breaking ears rotates counterclockwise. The breaking ear hands move from the top to the bottom in the breaking ears space, which does not allow the corn ears to cross the space, and when the hands touch the corn ear, they will pick up it. Many tests have already been done to prove the feasibility of the device. First we do the single-factor tests, and we test the force required by picking up corn ears in the traditional way and the bionic way respectively under the static and dynamic condition. In traditional way we fix the corn on the equipment along the direction of plant growth, and in bionic way we fix the corn on the equipment against the direction of plant growth; under static condition we provide tension slowly, under dynamic condition we provide tension suddenly, we analyze the data and get the relationship between them; and then we do the power consumption test that is used by bionic device of breaking corn ears. We do the test in laboratory in which the device can't move but corn plants move; we design a device system and fix the corn plants in the track that can be driven by motor, and the traveling speed is set as 1.0 m/s. The speed of breaking corn ears hand is different, and the ko camera is used to record the test process and the power meter is used to record the power consumption. Finally we get the relationship between the speed of breaking corn ears hand and the pure power consumption. Tests show that the force required in the bionic way is significantly reduced, which is only one tenth of the traditional way, and this is decided by physiological characteristics of corn; compared with the current corn harvesters with snapping rollers or snapping boards, this device does not hurt corn ears and consumes less power, which is only one sixth of the snapping rollers' power consumption; and the relationship between the pure power consumption and speed of breaking corn ears hand is quadratic function.