甄少波, 刘奕忍, 郭慧媛, 潘腾, 任发政. 运输季节对生猪应激及猪肉品质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(1): 333-338. DOI: doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.01.044
    引用本文: 甄少波, 刘奕忍, 郭慧媛, 潘腾, 任发政. 运输季节对生猪应激及猪肉品质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(1): 333-338. DOI: doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.01.044
    Zhen Shaobo, Liu Yiren, Guo Huiyuan, Pan Teng, Ren Fazheng. Effects of transport seasons on stress and meat quality of pigs[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(1): 333-338. DOI: doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.01.044
    Citation: Zhen Shaobo, Liu Yiren, Guo Huiyuan, Pan Teng, Ren Fazheng. Effects of transport seasons on stress and meat quality of pigs[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(1): 333-338. DOI: doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.01.044

    运输季节对生猪应激及猪肉品质的影响

    Effects of transport seasons on stress and meat quality of pigs

    • 摘要: 为了研究运输季节对猪宰前应激及宰后猪肉品质的影响,该文以杜大长三元杂交猪为对象,测定了夏、秋和冬3个季节运输条件下猪的血液生化指标、血细胞系数以及宰后猪肉温度、pH值、保水性、色泽和剪切力的变化。结果表明:秋季运输猪血液中白细胞数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、葡萄糖、促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇浓度显著低于夏季和冬季组(P<0.05),胴体表面皮肤损伤也显著降低(P<0.05)。运输季节对宰后猪肉胴体温度、pH值、色泽及保水性有显著性影响(P<0.05)。与秋季运输相比,夏季运输猪宰后45 min胴体温度、滴水损失率、L值显著升高,a*值和剪切力显著下降(P<0.05);冬季运输猪宰后猪肉a*值增加(P<0.05),但滴水损失率与秋季组相比并无显著性差异(P>0.05)。因此猪在秋季运输能显著降低宰前动物应激,提高宰后猪肉品质,夏季和冬季如能对运输环境分别进行防暑和保暖处理可能会对猪应激反应和猪肉品质产生积极的作用。该研究结果对于屠宰行业实际生产过程中缓解生猪宰前运输应激,改善动物福利以及提高猪肉品质提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Pre-slaughter stress is both an animal welfare issue and a quality issue, as it has long been recognized that pre-slaughter stress can adversely affect the quality of pork. Pre-slaughter handling includes mixing of unfamiliar animals, loading, unloading, transportation and abattoir lairage. All these handling practices can induce stress. Transport season is a crucial factor governing the amount of animal stress and influencing the meat quality. It is known that cold and heat stress have an impact on ante-mortem and post-mortem muscle glycogen stores leading to higher incidence of DFD (dark, firm, dry) and PSE (pale, soft, exudative) pork respectively. Several studies on the effects of transport season on meat quality have been reported in the countries like UK or Denmark, where the climate conditions are relatively stable, but few studies was reported in regions of large temperature difference, and did not mention animal stress. In order to investigate the effects of transport seasons on the animal stress and meat quality of pigs, a total of sixty Duroc × Large White × Landrace pigs came from the same farm were transported in summer, autumn and winter in Beijing. The carcass skin blemish, blood biochemical parameters and blood constituents as the indicators of animal stress and the meat quality traits of pH value, temperature, color, drip loss, cooking loss and shear force were measured in this sutdy. The results showed that pigs transported in autumn presented lower white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, cortisol and glucose in blood compared with summer and winter (P<0.05). Carcass skin blemish scores were lowest in pigs transported in autumn (P<0.05). Plasma enzymatic activities of creatine kinase and lactic dehydrogenase were significantly higher in summer than the other groups (P<0.05). Lactate, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelet count were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). With the exception of b* and muscle temperature at 24h postmortem, transport seasons significantly influenced other meat quality parameters (P<0.05). Compared with autumn, pigs transported in summer showed significant higher muscle temperature at 45min postmortem, drip loss, cooking loss and L* value, the shear force and a* value dramatically reduced (P<0.05), while a* color coordinate value significantly increased in winter (P<0.05), drip loss and shear force had no significant difference (P>0.05). The research identified that the proper transport season for the test pigs in Beijing was autumn, both from the viewpoint of animal welfare and meat quality. Pigs transported both in summer and winter presented higher stress and worse meat quality. In conclusion, more attention should be paid to the effect of transport seasons on stress and meat quality in pigs in order to improve the animal welfare and obtain better pork quality.

       

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