陈文旭, 刘逸飞, 蒋思楠, 武泽月, 王骞旗, 李国学, 李彦明, 宫小燕. 微生物菌剂对厨余垃圾堆肥温室气体减排的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(23): 181-187. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.23.019
    引用本文: 陈文旭, 刘逸飞, 蒋思楠, 武泽月, 王骞旗, 李国学, 李彦明, 宫小燕. 微生物菌剂对厨余垃圾堆肥温室气体减排的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(23): 181-187. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.23.019
    Chen Wenxu, Liu Yifei, Jiang Sinan, Wu Zeyue, Wang Qianqi, Li Guoxue, Li Yanming, Gong Xiaoyan. Mitigation effects of microbial agents on greenhouse gas emissions from kitchen waste composting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(23): 181-187. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.23.019
    Citation: Chen Wenxu, Liu Yifei, Jiang Sinan, Wu Zeyue, Wang Qianqi, Li Guoxue, Li Yanming, Gong Xiaoyan. Mitigation effects of microbial agents on greenhouse gas emissions from kitchen waste composting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(23): 181-187. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.23.019

    微生物菌剂对厨余垃圾堆肥温室气体减排的影响

    Mitigation effects of microbial agents on greenhouse gas emissions from kitchen waste composting

    • 摘要: 为对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中的温室气体进行减排,在60 L强制通风静态堆肥装置中进行为期35 d的厨余垃圾和园林废弃物的联合好氧堆肥试验。在堆肥原料中分别添加复合微生物菌剂VT1000(VT)、枯草芽孢杆菌(BS)和地衣芽孢杆菌(BL)三种菌剂,并以不加菌剂的堆肥处理(CK)作为对照,监测堆肥过程中的CH4和N2O排放,以研究不同微生物菌剂对于厨余垃圾堆肥温室气体排放的影响。结果表明:微生物菌剂的添加会加快堆体升温和促进腐熟,同时能够实现不同程度的温室气体减排。堆肥过程中N2O的排放量在总温室气体二氧化碳排放当量中占比远高于甲烷,达到总排放当量的76.83%~88.57%,排放高峰期分别出现在堆肥初期和腐熟期。各处理的总温室气体排放当量分别为95.84 kg/t(CK)、52.31 kg/t(VT)、42.03 kg/t(BS)和62.49 kg/t(BL)。与CK处理相比,BS处理的总温室气体的减排效果最好,减排率为56.15%,BL处理的减排率最低,为34.80%,VT处理减排率为45.42%。相较于CH4,菌剂对N2O的减排效果更好,可达35.32%~61.86%。结合堆肥过程的温度及各腐熟度指标,该研究选取的微生物菌剂能够在保证堆肥效率和产品质量的前提下有效减少温室气体排放。

       

      Abstract: High-temperature aerobic composting has been ever-increasing developed rapidly for the fastest way to make high quality compost without any foul odors. However, the greenhouse gas (GHG) can also be produced during composting, including CH4 and N2O. In this study, a 35-day aerobic co-composting of kitchen waste and yard trimming (chipped stems) was carried out in 60 L forced aerated static composting reactors, in order to reduce the GHG emission during composting. Three commercial microbial agents were also added to compost materials, including the VT1000 compound consortia (VT), Bacillus subtilize (BS), and Bacillus licheniformis (BL). Among them, the addition of fungi was 1.5% of the dry weight of all raw materials. The treatment without bacterial agents was used as the control (CK). Furthermore, CH4 and N2O emissions during composting were monitored to investigate the effect of the microbial agents on the GHG emission. The results showed that the microbial agents significantly accelerated the maturity of compost with the rise of temperature, whereas, relatively reduced the GHG emission in the varying degrees. The duration of high temperature in all treatments was fully met the harmless requirements, in terms of reactor heating. But the treatment with the microbial agents presented the better secondary heating. The fastest temperature recovery and the highest temperature were achieved in the VT, followed by the BS, and the BL was slower than the CK. In maturity, the electric conductivity and pH value in all treatments were met the industrial requirements of compost quality. Specifically, the uninoculated microbial agent failed to the rot standard in the CK treatment. A slightly better compost maturity was obtained in the BS treatment, compared with the VT and BL. Among the GHG emission reduction, the N2O emission was accounted by 76.83%-88.57% of the total as the CO2-C equivalent, indicating the much higher amount than that of CH4. The peaks of emission occurred at the initial and mature stage. The CH4 emission peak occurred at the cooling stage, where the cumulative emissions reached 1.65%-2.40% of the total GHG emissions equivalent. The cumulative CH4 emissions in the four treatments were ranked as CK, BL, BS, VT in the descending order. As such, the best performances (18.89%) of the CH4 and N2O emission reduction were achieved in the VT and BS treatment, respectively. The reduction rates were 49.22%, 61.86%, and 35.32% in the BS, VT, and BL treatment, respectively. The total GHG emissions equivalent were 95.84 (CK), 52.31 (VT), 42.03 (BS), and 62.49 kg/t (BL). Compared with the CK, the best total GHG mitigation was obtained in the BS treatment, with the reduction rate of 56.15%, the BL treatment was the lowest of 34.80%, while the VT treatment was 45.42%. The N2O abatement was better performed than methane with the inoculants, ranging from 35.32% to 61.87%. Taken together, the best effect was achieved in the treatment with 1.5% BS. Therefore, the microbial agents can be expected to effectively mitigate the GHG for the better quality of composting products.

       

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