李明珠, 张文超, 王淑娟, 李彦, 赵永敢, 刘娟, 李二珍, 仲生柱. 适宜脱硫石膏施用方式改良河套灌区盐碱土提高向日葵产量[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(6): 89-95. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.06.010
    引用本文: 李明珠, 张文超, 王淑娟, 李彦, 赵永敢, 刘娟, 李二珍, 仲生柱. 适宜脱硫石膏施用方式改良河套灌区盐碱土提高向日葵产量[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(6): 89-95. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.06.010
    Li Mingzhu, Zhang Wenchao, Wang Shujuan, Li Yan, Zhao Yonggan, Liu Juan, Li Erzhen, Zhong Shengzhu. Suitable application of flue gas desulphurized gypsum to improve the sunflower yield in saline-alkali soil in the Hetao irrigation areas of Inner Mongolia[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(6): 89-95. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.06.010
    Citation: Li Mingzhu, Zhang Wenchao, Wang Shujuan, Li Yan, Zhao Yonggan, Liu Juan, Li Erzhen, Zhong Shengzhu. Suitable application of flue gas desulphurized gypsum to improve the sunflower yield in saline-alkali soil in the Hetao irrigation areas of Inner Mongolia[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(6): 89-95. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.06.010

    适宜脱硫石膏施用方式改良河套灌区盐碱土提高向日葵产量

    Suitable application of flue gas desulphurized gypsum to improve the sunflower yield in saline-alkali soil in the Hetao irrigation areas of Inner Mongolia

    • 摘要: 为了探究脱硫石膏改良盐碱土壤的适宜施用方式,在内蒙古河套灌区进行田间小区试验,设置对照和3种脱硫石膏施用方式(穴施、条施、撒施)。经过一个向日葵生长季后,采集0~100 cm土壤剖面样品,对比分析脱硫石膏施用方式对土壤pH值、电导率和水溶性盐基离子剖面分布的影响。结果表明:与对照处理相比,3种脱硫石膏施用方式均可显著降低0~20 cm土层土壤pH值和钠吸附比,明显增加了水溶性盐基离子浓度,进而增加了土壤电导率。在向日葵种植处0~20 cm土层中,条施处理下土壤pH值和钠吸附比较对照处理分别降低了20%和41%,而电导率和水溶性Ca2+浓度分别增加了44%和509%。随着土壤深度的增加,水溶性阳离子浓度呈逐渐降低趋势,但3种脱硫石膏方式在>80~100 cm土层土壤水溶性钙离子的浓度比对照处理增加了47%~105%。此外,3种脱硫石膏施用方式在>20~100 cm土层土壤水溶性钠离子的浓度高于对照处理,导致钠吸附比也有所增加。脱硫石膏条施和穴施处理对向日葵种植处土壤的改良效果明显优于小行距中点处土壤,而撒施处理向日葵种植处和小行距中点处土壤的改良效果无明显差异。3种脱硫石膏施用方式均可显著增加向日葵出苗率和产量,其中条施的增产效果最佳。整体来看,条施脱硫石膏能集中有效成分改良向日葵根系周围土壤,可在河套灌区及同类型地区进行推广应用。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Gypsum can be one of the by-products of the wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) process in coal-fired power plants. FGD gypsum can also be widely expected to ameliorate the saline-alkali soil in recent years. In this study, suitable application of desulphurized gypsum to improve the yield of sunflower in saline soil of Hetao irrigation area was selected from three applications of desulphurized gypsum. A field experiment was carried out with three applications (hole, strip, and spread) of FGD gypsum in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia (108°11′ east longitude and 41° 02′ north latitude). The optimal application was determined for the more efficient and low-cost soil amelioration. The treatment without FGD gypsum was also used as the control. Soil samples were collected after the first season of sunflower harvest, with a depth of 100 cm and 20 cm increments at the sites of the sunflower planting strip and the center of small row spacing. An investigation was also made on the effects of different applications of FGD gypsum on the soil pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and water-soluble cations distribution in the soil profile. The results showed that the three applications of FGD gypsum significantly reduced the soil pH and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) in the topsoil (0-20 cm), whereas, there was an increase in the concentration of water-soluble cations and the soil EC, compared with the control. The topsoil pH and SAR in the strip application were 20% and 41% lower, while the EC and water-soluble Ca2+ concentrations were 44% and 509% higher than that in the control, respectively. The concentration of water-soluble ions decreased gradually, with the increase of soil depth. However, the concentrations of water-soluble Ca2+ increased by 47%-105% at the 80-100 cm soil layer in the FGD gypsum application. In addition, the concentrations of water-soluble Na+ at the 20-100 cm soil layer in the three FGD gypsum applications were higher than that in the control, resulting in an increase in SAR. The effects of strip and hole on the saline-alkali soil amelioration were greater than that at the center of small row spacing, while there was no significant difference between the two sampling sites in the spread treatment. The three applications of FGD gypsum significantly increased the emergence rate and yield of sunflower, where the highest yield of sunflower was obtained from the strip treatment. Therefore, the effective components under the FGD gypsum strip can be concentrated around the sunflower roots to ameliorate the saline-alkali soil in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia in China.

       

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