Abstract: Spatial layout of permanent basic farmland can greatly contribute to better preserve high-quality farmland resources, further optimize the spatial pattern of the country for national food security. It is necessary to coordinate the red line of ecological protection and the boundary of urban development. However, there were unclear boundaries of departmental space management authority and low efficiency of resource space management and control, due mainly to the inconsistent delineation time of "three lines", technical standards, coordination of delineation, and the overlaps of delineated space. In this review, the policy and regulations were systematically sorted out using the protection red line of permanent basic farmland, the ecological protection red line, and the urban development boundary (hereinafter referred to as the "three lines"). Some indicators were selected from the current planning, pollution damage, ecological conditions, utilization status, and comprehensive quality. Some rules were established to optimize the layout of permanent basic farmland in the province under the "three lines" coordination. An example was also selected to verify in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The results show that: 1) The overall planning was made for the "three lines" of permanent basic farmland, according to the national utilization of arable land, as well as the degree of concentration and contiguous areas. All 7 413.46 hm2 of permanent basic farmland was withdrawn in the core area of ecological protection red line, and 5 073.05 hm2 high-quality contiguous permanent basic farmland was retained in the form of "skylights" within the general area of the ecological protection red line and the urban development boundary. 2) The whole study area withdrew 1 426 540.77 hm2 of permanent basic farmland, where non-arable land was mainly marked as engineering restoration and unmarked. Specifically, the compensation of 525 614.37 hm2 of permanent basic farmland was located mainly in the high-quality contiguous arable land outside the red line of ecological protection and urban development boundaries. The protection rate of permanent basic farmland was as high as 85.62% after the layout optimization. 3) All concentrated and contiguous permanent basic farmland reached 95.08%, indicating no severe damage, rocky desertification, and sloping land above 25°. The utility grade of permanent basic farmland increased by 0.06. There was also no overlap between the permanent basic farmland and the ecological protection red line, as well as the urban development boundary. Consequently, the established rules were achieved to optimize the layout of permanent basic farmland for the goal of "protection priority, layout optimization, quality improvement, and three-line coordination". This review can also be conducive to coordinating the contradiction between food security, ecological security, and economic development in the province. The finding can provide a sound reference for the cities and counties in provinces, further delineating the protection red lines of permanent basic farmland under the "Three Lines".