陈盛德, 兰玉彬, 李继宇, 徐小杰, 王志国, 彭斌. 植保无人机航空喷施作业有效喷幅的评定与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(7): 82-90. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.07.011
    引用本文: 陈盛德, 兰玉彬, 李继宇, 徐小杰, 王志国, 彭斌. 植保无人机航空喷施作业有效喷幅的评定与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(7): 82-90. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.07.011
    Chen Shengde, Lan Yubin, Li Jiyu, Xu Xiaojie, Wang Zhiguo, Peng Bin. Evaluation and test of effective spraying width of aerial spraying on plant protection UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(7): 82-90. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.07.011
    Citation: Chen Shengde, Lan Yubin, Li Jiyu, Xu Xiaojie, Wang Zhiguo, Peng Bin. Evaluation and test of effective spraying width of aerial spraying on plant protection UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(7): 82-90. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.07.011

    植保无人机航空喷施作业有效喷幅的评定与试验

    Evaluation and test of effective spraying width of aerial spraying on plant protection UAV

    • 摘要: 植保无人机有效喷幅宽度的准确评定是农业航空精准作业的前提,对其作业航线的规划及喷施作业质量的提升均有着重要意义。该文以不同参数的单旋翼植保无人机和多旋翼植保无人机为例,分别通过12架次不同飞行参数下的航空喷施试验及目前国内常用的雾滴密度判定法和50%有效沉积量判定法来评定植保无人机的有效喷幅宽度,并根据雾滴处理软件DepositScan对水敏纸等采集卡上的图像处理原理对不同评定方法进行了深入分析。结果表明:50%有效沉积量判定法更适于雾滴粒径相对较大的3WQF120-12型植保无人机有效喷幅宽度的评定,且评定的平均有效喷幅宽度为≥4.44 m;雾滴密度判定法更适于雾滴粒径相对较小的P-20型植保无人机有效喷幅宽度的评定,且评定的平均有效喷幅宽度为≥2.58 m;评定的有效喷幅结果与实际情况相符合。另外,由分析可知,由于当前图像处理技术的限制,不同粒径大小的雾滴斑点图像,软件DepositScan所产生的相对误差不同,因此,应根据植保无人机喷施雾滴粒径的范围选择合适的有效喷幅宽度评定方法。该结果为不同参数的植保无人机选择较优的有效喷幅评定方法提供了指导,降低了航空喷施作业的重喷率和漏喷率,提高了植保无人机航空喷施作业质量,可为植保无人机精准喷施作业的实施提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: With the extensive application of plant protection UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) in China, the research of its low-attitude and low-volume spray technology has gradually become a research hotspot. At present, the domestic research on the aerial spraying application of plant protection UAV mainly focuses on the effect of aerial spraying operation parameters on the distribution of droplet deposition, while neglecting the evaluation and test of the effective spraying width of aerial spraying by plant protection UAV. It is a prerequisite for precision spraying operation of agricultural aviation to evaluate the effective spraying width of plant protection UAV accurately, and it has great significance to the planning of operation route and the improvement of spraying quality. Therefore, the effective spraying width of single-rotor and multi-rotor plant protection UAV was evaluated with the evaluation method of droplet density and 50% effective deposition amount method which were commonly used in China by the tests of 12 times with different flight parameters; and different evaluation methods were deeply analyzed with the image processing principle of DepositScan, which is an image processing software used to analyze the results of droplet deposition with the image of water-sensitive paper and other cards. The test results showed that: The evaluation method of 50% effective deposition amount was more suitable than the evaluation method of droplet density for evaluating the effective spraying width of plant protection UAV 3WQF120-12, which had a relatively larger droplets size, and the volume median diameter of droplet was about 270-380 μm. The average effective spraying width of plant protection UAV 3WQF120-12 was greater than or equal to 4.44 m with the evaluation method of 50% effective deposition amount. The evaluation method of droplet density was more suitable than the evaluation method of 50% effective deposition amount for evaluating the effective spraying width of plant protection UAV P-20, which had a relatively smaller droplets size, and the volume median diameter of droplet was about 130-175 μm. The average effective spraying width was greater than or equal to 2.58 m with the evaluation method of droplet density. The evaluating results of the effective spraying width of plant protection UAV P-20 were in accordance with the actual situation. At the same time, the droplet deposition midline of plant protection UAV 3WQF120-12 had shift with the wind direction, as well as plant protection UAV P-20. In addition, the analysis showed that the relative error produced by the software of DepositScan was different with the spot image produced by the droplets of different size due to the limitation of current image processing techniques. The relative differences of average diameters between the software of DepositScan and the stereoscopic microscope were 34.1%, 16.3%, 7.8%, 1.4% and 1.2% for 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1 000 μm spots, respectively, and the relative measurement error of droplet diameter would increase with the droplet size decreasing. Therefore, we should choose the suitable evaluation method for the effective spraying width based on different droplets size of plant protection UAV. The evaluation method of 50% effective deposition amount should be chosen by plant protection UAV with a relatively larger droplets size, and the evaluation method of droplet density should be chosen by plant protection UAV with a relatively smaller droplets size. The results provide a guidance for selecting the more suitable evaluating method of effective spraying width for plant protection UAVs with different parameters, reduce the re-spraying rate and the missing spraying rate of aerial spraying operation, and improve the spraying quality of aerial spraying operation. The results provide the theoretical guidance and data support for precision spraying operation of plant protection UAV.

       

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