严伟, 胡志超, 吴努, 徐弘博, 游兆延, 周新星. 铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构参数优化与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(1): 17-24. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.003
    引用本文: 严伟, 胡志超, 吴努, 徐弘博, 游兆延, 周新星. 铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构参数优化与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(1): 17-24. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.003
    Yan Wei, Hu Zhichao, Wu Nu, Xu Hongbo, You Zhaoyan, Zhou Xinxing. Parameter optimization and experiment for plastic film transport mechanism of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(1): 17-24. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.003
    Citation: Yan Wei, Hu Zhichao, Wu Nu, Xu Hongbo, You Zhaoyan, Zhou Xinxing. Parameter optimization and experiment for plastic film transport mechanism of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(1): 17-24. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.003

    铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构参数优化与试验

    Parameter optimization and experiment for plastic film transport mechanism of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector

    • 摘要: 垄作残膜回收对机具幅宽要求较高、地膜利用低、垄体高、垄沟残膜回收难、残膜碎片多、埋膜深等特点。铲筛式残膜回收机对土下残膜具有回收能力,在垄作残膜回收领域具有良好的应用前景。输膜机构缠膜率高和收获后残膜含土率高是制约铲筛式残膜回收机推广的主要问题,为了提高铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构作业质量,降低输膜机构的缠膜率及收获后残膜的含土率,该文运用单因素试验方法得出最优筛面结构形式,在单因素试验基础上运用Box-Benhnken的中心组合试验方法对残膜回收机输膜机构的工作参数进行了试验研究,以振动筛振动频率、振动筛振幅、齿片间距进行三因素三水平二次回归正交试验设计。建立了响应面数学模型,分析了各因素对作业质量的影响,同时,对影响因素进行了综合优化。试验结果表明:缠膜率影响显著性顺序为振动筛振动频率?齿片间距?振动筛振幅;含土率影响显著性顺序为齿片间距?振动筛振动频率?振动筛振幅;最优工作参数组合为振动筛振动频率3.9 Hz、振动筛振幅42 mm,齿片间距15 mm,对应的缠膜率和含土率分别为1.72%、32.81%,且各评价指标与其理论优化值的相对误差均小于5%。研究结果可为铲筛式残膜回收机输膜机构的结构完善设计和作业参数优化提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract:Residual film not only affects the crop emergence and yield but also causes serious soil and environmental damage and affects the smooth operation of the agricultural machinery, so residual film recovery is imperative. Ridge tillage residual film recovery has the same characteristics with the residual film recovery equipment, and it has higher requirements for ridge width of residual film recovery equipment. The plastic film has not been fully utilized and the ridge body is relatively high. Furrow residual film recovery is difficult and a lot of plastic films used can not be completely recovered. A lot of plastic films are buried very deep. As one of the key means to control plastic film residue pollution, mechanically collecting technique of plastic film residue has shown a good developing prospect. But, there are many problems in the existing residual film recycling machines, such as high rate of film wrapping, incomplete recovery of residual film, and so on. Shovel screen type plastic film residue collector has a recycling capacity to the film in soil. It has a good application prospect in the field of ridge tillage plastic film recycling. The high rate of film wrapping for plastic film transport mechanism and the high rate of soil content in residual film after harvest are the major problems in the promotion of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector. To reduce the high film wrapping rate and soil containing rate in residual film after harvest, and improve the working quality of plastic film transport mechanism, single-factor test was used to get the best form of the screen surface structure in this paper. The Box-Benhnken central composite experimental design principle was adopted on the basis of single factor experiment to research the working parameters of the plastic film transport mechanism of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector. The vibrating screen's vibration frequency, vibrating screen amplitude, and distance between jagged pieces were taken as 3 factors which influenced the working quality, and a three-factor and three-level response surface experiment was conducted. In the experiment, when the vibration frequency of vibrating screen was less than 2.3 Hz, the separation effect was poor; when the altitude of vibrating screen was less than 40 mm, the film conveying performance was poor; when the distance between jagged pieces was less than 8 mm, the separation effect was poor; when the vibration frequency of vibrating screen was higher than 4.3 Hz, the resonance phenomenon was serious; when the altitude of vibrating screen was more than 80 mm, the effect of separation was poor; and when the distance between jagged pieces was more than 20 mm, the residual film phenomenon was serious. Therefore, the vibration frequency of vibrating screen was selected from 2.3 to 4.3 Hz, the altitude of vibrating screen from 40 to 80 mm, and the distance between jagged pieces from 8 to 20 mm. The mathematical model of the response surface was established. And the influence of each factor on the working quality was analyzed and each factor was optimized comprehensively. The results showed that the significant effects of vibration screen frequency, distance between jagged pieces and vibrating screen amplitude on reducing the rate of film wrapping were in a decreasing order, and the significant effects of distance between jagged pieces, vibrating screen amplitude and vibration screen frequency on reducing the rate of soil content were in a decreasing order. The best work parameters were as bellow: when the vibrating screen's vibration frequency was 3.9 Hz, the vibrating screen amplitude was 42 mm and the distance between jagged pieces was 15 mm, the rate of film wrapping was 1.72%, and the rate of soil content was 32.81%. Through comparing the mathematical model and the experimental result, it turned out that the relative errors of all the property indices between the two were less than 5%, which meant that the model established was useful and could be used for prediction and optimization. The research results can provide the references for the plastic film transport mechanism of plastic film residue collector and the optimization of working parameters.

       

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