Abstract: Study was carried out on Fluvo aquic soil of low fertility coming from Huanghe River plain for 14 years. The results show that the long term returning straw to soil changes soil properties. Soil organic matter, soil porosity, availible N,Zn,Fe,Mn and enzyme are all positively related to the amount of straw applied remarkably, while soil specific weight is negatively correlative. These indexes are affected by climate, plant growth seasons and soil texture, etc. The result of combination use of straw and fertilizer is better.