Construction and development countermeasures for pastoral ecosystem construction in Zhejiang Province

Abstract: The pastoral ecosystem is an important component of the whole natural ecosystem, its ecosystem service function is diversified and irreplaceable. Construction of pastoral ecosystem is the key reform task for the green development of agriculture in China. It is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization in China and an important gripper for the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization. Opinions on the innovating institutional mechanism to promote the green development of agriculture pointed out that China will develop the pastoral ecosystem with the combination of crop-animal combined production, ecological cycle, beautiful environment. The important position for restoration and conservation of pastoral ecosystems is further clarified in the green development of agriculture in China. Being a big province of agricultural green development, Zhejiang province has carried out work exploration about more than 20 years. Based on in-depth investigations, the study assessed the progress for construction and management of pastoral ecosystem in Zhejiang province. Zhejiang province pays attention to top-level design, introduces the forced mechanism, implements precise subsidy, and innovating technology, remarkable achievements have been made in the construction of the pastoral ecosystem. The results showed that 1) The preliminary ecological recycling agricultural system, including 110 eco-agricultural demonstration zones and 1000 demonstration subjects and more than 10 000 eco-beautiful pastures, has established. Its total area was 100 000 hm2, the three stage recycling pattern of "small circulation of main body, circulation in the park, and great circulation in the county" has formed. 2) The level of farmland environmental management has been significantly improved; zero growth and continuous reduction of pesticide and chemical fertilizer use have been achieved in Zhejiang Province. The utilization rates of livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, waste fungus rods from edible fungi and waste agricultural film reached 96%, 92%, 90% and 89% respectively, and the utilization rate of clean energy in rural areas reached 79%, formed the daily cleaning mechanism of farmland. 3) Effective protection and utilization of pastoral biological resources not only created pastoral landscape, but also improved pastoral infrastructure and promotes organic links between agricultural production, processing and service industries, promoted the fusion of eco-environment, industry and living in Zhejiang Province, promote the park transforming into scenic area, the pastoral transforming into garden, raised the pastoral value. The enormously positive progress in Zhejiang province have been made in industrialization of ecological agriculture, classification and recycling of input package, conservation and utilization of biological diversity and green subsidy system. However, restricted by lack of theoretical and technical basis for the government and operating entities, the overall development is still in the groping stage, the common problems such as low standardization, imperfect market mechanism and weak brand construction need to be solved urgently. We propose that the theoretical system and technical system of the pastoral ecosystem should be thoroughly studied and perfected, and then the top-level design scheme is formed and issued in time. On the other hand, in order to establish and improve the institutional mechanism, we suggested that pilot program for the construction of pastoral ecosystem are carried out, in order to construct system both green production technology and environmental management for pastoral ecosystem, launched legislation for ecological recycling agriculture, perfected the mechanism of industrial construction and market operation for the idyllic ecosystem.