Suitability evaluation of urban land development based on niche and anti-planning

Abstract: The evaluation of urban land development suitability is of great significance to the overall planning of urban land use. In order to know more about the suitability of urban land development, this study put forward the concept of urban land niche, and constructed the niche suitability model of urban land according to the urban land real ecology degree and the most suitable niche. The evaluation factor system of the model was constructed by referring to the anti-planning idea of giving priority to controlling the construction area. The evaluation factor system was divided into strong restrictive factor and stronger restrictive factor. The optimal value of urban land evaluation factor was influenced by multiple factors. The realistic resource niche of urban land in the study area was taken into account, and combined with relevant historical documents, the corresponding score was given for each evaluation factor. The strong restrictive factor was assigned with 0 and 1. And the stronger restrictive factor was assigned the values using the expert scoring method. And the score 100 was regarded as its optimal value. Considering the slope transition point of urban land niche suitability distribution curve, combined with the natural break-point method, based on the relevant historical literature, the urban land development suitability of the study area was divided into 4 grades: the first grade (the most suitability), the second grade (basic suitability), the third grade (not suitable), and the fourth grade (especially unsuitable). Finally, based on the urban land ecological suitability, this paper divided the suitability of urban land comprehensive development in Fangshan District, Beijing City, and evaluated from the 3 aspects i.e. the plain area, the shallow mountain area and the deep mountain area. The results were as follows: 1) The first grade area is 2 645.93 hm2, accounting for 13.27% of the total area; the second grade area is 1 697.79 hm2, accounting for 8.52% of the total area; the third grade area is 11 533.68 hm2, accounting for 57.86% of the total area; and the fourth grade area is 4 057.77 hm2, accounting for 20.35% of the total area. 2) The ecological suitability of urban land in the study area is ladder-like on the whole, and the land development suitability is gradually increasing from west to east. 3) In the plain area, the most suitable area of urban land development is the most, and the deep mountainous areas and shallow mountainous areas are mostly inappropriate areas and particularly unsuitable areas. 4) The deep mountainous areas and shallow mountainous areas are affected by the factors such as ecological control and mining subsidence. The evaluation of the suitability of urban land comprehensive development was made by using niche suitability model and anti-planning idea, which enriches the application field of anti-planning and niche theory.