Abstract:
Abstract: In Chinese solar greenhouse production, pipe stereo-cultivation of vegetables or strawberry on the greenhouse back wall could improve the space utilization and increase the cultivation area and yield. However, it is possible that shading of pipes and plantings may reduce the back wall heat storage and result in the decreasing of internal temperature of the greenhouse in winter. The objective of this study is to find out whether the back wall pipe cultivation affects the temperature variations of solar greenhouse in winter. In this article, the experiment was conducted in two solar greenhouses of a strawberry park in suburb Beijing. The structure type, growing conditions and management methods of the two experimental greenhouses are exactly the same. Pipe strawberry cultivation facility was installed on the back wall (2.3m high) in one solar greenhouse. The pipe cultivation facility is composed of 4 rows of horizontal PVC pipe, center distance of each row is 40 cm, diameter of the pipe is 160 mm with 9cm width's notch on the upper side. Cultivation substrate (peat: perlite: vermiculite = 1:1:1 (v/v), depth is 10 cm) and drip irrigation to fertilizer nutrient solution were used. Five measurement points were arranged in both greenhouses, to measure the temperature of strawberry growth canopy and 1.5 m above the ground. Temperature condition of the two greenhouses for 31 days (from Jan. 20th, 2013 to Feb. 20th, 2013) was continuously monitored, and the temperature variations of solar greenhouse with equipment (ESG) and solar greenhouse with no equipment (NSG) of three typical climatic conditions (sunny, cloudy and snowy) were analyzed.The results showed that the monthly mean temperature in ESG was 0.84℃ higher than that in NSG, and the maximum and minimum of daily temperature difference was 2.22℃ and 0.14℃, respectively. In sunny days, daily mean canopy temperature and daily mean air temperature at 1.5m height in ESG were 10.68℃ and 11.04℃, but they were 10.68℃ and 11.04℃ in NSG, respectively. The highest and lowest canopy temperatures in ESG were 24.70℃ and 4.68℃, compared to they were 20.70℃ and 4.10℃ in NSG. The highest and lowest air temperatures at 1.5m height were 26.95℃ and 4.65℃ in ESG, while they were 22.73℃ and 4.13℃ in NSG. It could be inferred that the sunny day temperature condition in ESG was better than in NSG. In the cloudy and snowy days, there was no significant difference in temperature condition in ESG and NSG. Therefore, it can be concluded that back wall stereo-cultivation of strawberry in solar greenhouse increased the internal temperature in winter. There is a promising prospect of back wall stereo-cultivation and it is an efficient cultivation technology worthy of popularization and application in Chinese solar greenhouse.