Abstract: In this paper, anticholinesterase activity of cassava peel was researched in vitro internationally, including the activity of acetylcholinesterase(AChE) inhibitor and butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE) inhibitor. The optimal technological condition of anticholinesterase activity ethanol extraction from cassava peels by ultrasonic was determined by the single factor experiment and Box-Behnken Design test. The results indicate that the optimal extraction conditions are as follows: ethanol concentration 95%, ultrasonic power 550 W, ultrasonic extraction time 90?min, ultrasonic extraction temperature 60℃, liquid/solid ratio 12 mL/g. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the average yield of avtive extraction was 8.97%, and the obtained extraction had 54.62% AChE inhibition rate and 45.7% BuChE inhibition rate at 0.5 mg/mL concentration. The effect sequence of four main factors for the yield are as follows: ultrasonic power, extraction temperature, extraction time, liquid/solid ratio. Compared with traditional solvent extraction, ultrasonic extraction had obvious advantages including the higher yield, faster extraction speed, good extraction activity, less solvent.