Abstract: Abstract: There were the features of a large area and remote location in large-scale aquaculture farming. The communication cables were needed for wire communication, and it was difficult to promote because of expensive costs. In wireless measuring network, some individual nodes failed prematurely because of uneven energy consumption of the measuring nodes which were energized by a lithium battery. The effective life cycle of the wireless network was reduced due to the premature failure of the nodes. In the paper, the comparison test was implemented between the flat routing protocols and the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchical routing protocol (LEACH), and the results showed that the life cycle of wireless network adopted LEACH effectively extended 19% more than the wireless network adopted flat routing protocols. There were two weaknesses in the wireless network adopted LEACH protocol. Firstly, the cluster heads were selected randomly in LEACH protocol to keep a balance of energy in each node. The power consumptions of the cluster heads were far greater than the ordinary nodes, and the energy consumption in the cluster heads were different. The optimized LEACH protocol was adopted based on residual energy of the node to keep the balance of energy in each node. Secondly, in the conventional LEACH protocol, the nodes far from the base station were easier to fail prematurely in aquaculture, because the monitoring area was large and single hop communication was applied between the cluster head node and the base station. When the remote node was selected as the cluster heads, multi-path fading channel model was adopted in path loss, and the attenuation index was 4. In the optimized LEACH protocol, dual-hop communication was applied between the cluster heads and the base station. Free-space channel model was adopted in the path loss, and the attenuation index was 2. The effective life cycle of the wireless sensor network was extended by 8% by the optimized LEACH protocol.