Abstract: In this paper, we took Hebei Province as an example to establish a coupling model between farmers' livelihood and rural housing land utilization, and then we analyzed the main factors affecting the average area per household of rural housing land, and determined the factors that regulated and controlled the time sequence and patterns of rural housing land consolidation in different zones. By constructing methods to measure the livelihood potential and standard potential of rural housing land consolidation, the potential and area standard of different zones were determined so that reference for rural housing land consolidation work could be provided. Our results showed were that due to irrational factors brought about by farmers' dependence on land, the average area per household of rural housing land showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the increase of farmers' non-agricultural employment level. The inflection point of non-agricultural employment in counties was between 0.496 and 0.564. The inadequate household differentiation caused by local non-agricultural employment in the eastern region made the inflection point of non-agricultural employment higher. Because of the restriction of the circulation of rural housing land and the promotion of economic level, urbanization and per capita GDP had a promoting effect on the expansion of rural housing land area. The western inland area had a strong promoting effect because of the difficulty of farmers to settle in cities and towns. Because of the influence of the demand for productive land, the expansion of production scale had a promoting effect on the expansion of rural housing land area. The southern region is located in the main grain producing area, which had a strong promoting effect. Because of the low level of production in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, the smaller scale of productive land led to the smaller scale of homestead. As the demand for non-residential land exceeded the common sense, plot ratio of rural housing land was negatively correlated with the average area per household of rural housing land, especially in the northwest region due to the diversification of livelihoods and extensive management. Our results also showed that according to farmers' livelihood and average area per household of rural housing land, consolidation timing zone were divided into priority consolidation, moderate consolidation, moderate potential tapping and restriction consolidation. With the reference to the dominant factors affecting the change of the rural housing land area, consolidation pattern zone were divided into five types according to the reformation of rural housing land system, optimization of agricultural structure, and the deepening of the level of rural land management. In addition, the results also showed that according to the differences of farmers' livelihoods and average area per household of rural housing land, the livelihood potential and standard potential of rural housing land consolidation were divided. The consolidation potential and the average area standard per household of rural housing land in the priority consolidation zone were 45 429.70 hm2 and 401 m2, respectively, and economic conditions were the main factor that restricted rural housing land consolidation. The consolidation potential and the average area standard per household of rural housing land in the moderate consolidation zone were 446.32 hm2 and 26 m2, respectively; its rural housing land needed less. The consolidation potential and the average area standard per household of rural housing land in the moderate potential tapping zone were 33 471.92 hm2 and 407 m2, respectively, natural and economic conditions were the main factors that restrict rural housing land consolidation.