任越, 杨俊杰, 曹洪军, 张秋艳, 刘乾. 农村生活垃圾全自动全组分分类处理技术与应用[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(4): 248-254. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.04.031
    引用本文: 任越, 杨俊杰, 曹洪军, 张秋艳, 刘乾. 农村生活垃圾全自动全组分分类处理技术与应用[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(4): 248-254. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.04.031
    Ren Yue, Yang Junjie, Cao Hongjun, Zhang Qiuyan, Liu Qian. All components resourcing system of rural garbage based on post-gather automatic sorting and disposal technology and its application[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2019, 35(4): 248-254. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.04.031
    Citation: Ren Yue, Yang Junjie, Cao Hongjun, Zhang Qiuyan, Liu Qian. All components resourcing system of rural garbage based on post-gather automatic sorting and disposal technology and its application[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2019, 35(4): 248-254. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.04.031

    农村生活垃圾全自动全组分分类处理技术与应用

    All components resourcing system of rural garbage based on post-gather automatic sorting and disposal technology and its application

    • 摘要: 为解决农村生活垃圾的处理难题,研究了一种生活垃圾末端全自动全组分分类处置技术,通过生物酶液化方法能将生活垃圾中的有机成分首先分解、分离,再通过湿式自动分选系统,将混合生活垃圾中的金属、塑料、废纸、竹木、纺织物等全部有效分离,经清洗后可直接循环再利用,实现资源化率90%以上。应用该技术实际建成运营一年的垃圾处理厂的数据显示,处理1 t垃圾平均可得到有机肥65 kg、纸浆105 kg、塑料124 kg、垃圾衍生燃料133 kg、砂石135 kg、沼气55 kg和金属11 kg;需要成本约180元,产值约325元,投资成本较焚烧节约近40%,污水经处理后各项污染因子去除率平均达到88.76%,供系统循环使用。证明该技术能提高垃圾处置效率,经济效益可观,环境友好,有较高推广价值。

       

      Abstract: In order to solve the rural living garbage processing problems, we independently developed a unique technology of clean and comprehensive utilization of rural garbage resources, referred to as PGAS technology. Based on modern biodegradation and automatic sorting, we built a complete industrial chain with mixed domestic waste as mineral raw material. The garbage trucks transport rural garbage and directly discharged into the hopper. Quickly biofilm is sprayed to deodorize garbage, then the garbage bags are teared at the same time of feeding. At the transportation, we utilize magnetic and eddy current sorting to get metal products and residues, while the residue will be transferred into the tearing machine and the biological treatment silo, where the raw garbage is mixed by composite bacteria liquid and enzyme liquid. The organic pus would be pumped to anaerobic fermentation system, while the residue would be alternatively tearing through broken drum to main sorting system. By our innovated equipment, we obtain inorganic material as sand and glass, pulp and sundries like bamboo textiles, and pure plastic at last. The products would be further processing to industrial materials as required of market. The sand and gravel glass and other inorganic materials can produce hollow blocks, paving brick and sponge brick. The pulp would change to the pulp products which can be directly used for producing cardboard and corrugated paper. The plastic can be packaged directly to sale, or be used in oil refining, even can be further sorted to monomer plastic, such as PE, and to produce particles. The slurry is pumped into the biogas tank for producing the methane gas through anaerobic fermentation system, which can be reused as energy. And the slurry after anaerobic fermentation, through evaporation, can be sprayed into powder or granular fertilizer. This technology subverted the traditional mode of rural waste disposal, which is the only comprehensive utilization of rural garbage with all components. The whole processing line is close with no smelly gas. There is no sewer in the whole plant with no waste water emissions, the water is in circulation. There is no operator in the whole plant, the sorting is automatic. Take the PGAS demonstration project in Yuanqu County, Shanxi Province as an example. The project was completed in 2017 and has been put into operation for 1 year with a processing capacity of 100 t/d. The radiation area includes 2 towns and 3 townships with about 100 000 people. According to this waste plant's operation data, treating 1 ton waste by PGAS, we can obtain the average amount of 65 kg organic fertilizer, 105 kg pulp, 124 kg plastic, 133 kg waste derived fuel, 135 kg sand, 55 kg methane and 11 kg metal. The cost is about 180 yuan, and the output value is about 325 yuan. The investment cost is nearly 40% less than that of incineration. After the sewage treatment, the removal rate of various pollution factors reaches 88.76% on average, which is used for recycling. It is proved that this technology can improve the efficiency of waste disposal. This technology has considerable economic benefits, is environmentally friendly, and has high promotion value.

       

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