拖拉机耕深模糊自动控制方法与试验研究

    Study on auto-control method and experiment for tractor depth based on fuzzy control

    • 摘要: 研究了拖拉机电控液压悬挂系统耕深自动控制方法,提出了一种基于模糊控制的电控液压悬挂系统耕深自动控制方法和综合度系数的概念,设计了耕深模糊控制器,并利用综合度系数将力位综合调节转化为对耕深的模糊控制。试验研究了阻力在不同综合度系数下对耕深的影响,试验结果表明:耕深从0到20 cm的响应时间低于1.7 s,当综合度系数分别为0.7、0.5和0.3时,耕深受阻力的影响分别减少了3.2、3.8和5.6 cm,过渡时间分别为0.79、0.93和1.21 s,该控制方法能够满足耕深自动控制的要求。论文提出的基于模糊控制的力位综合调节方法,利用综合度系数,以耕深和阻力为控制参数,可以实现耕深的双参数控制,为拖拉机电控液压悬挂系统耕深进行力位综合控制提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: There are many ways to control depth of tractor's electro-hydraulic lift hitch at home, however, force control or position control takes the main place and force-position combined control was studied less. The force-position combined control based on fuzzy control was brought forward in this article, and it can achieve the goal of depth's multi parameters control. Firstly, the structure of tractor's electro-hydraulic lift hitch and principle of the system are introduced. Then, the introduction of force-position combined control based on fuzzy control was proposed, the comprehensive coefficient was defined as the proportion of position control in force-position combined control. Actual value was calculated in advantage of depth value and resistance. The actual value was compared with the target value and then fuzzy control algorithm works. The essence of this control was that system transforms force-position combined control to depth fuzzy control in use of comprehensive coefficient. Besides, the depth fuzzy controller was designed. At last, the effect of resistance on depth in different comprehensive coefficient was studied through experiments. The results showed that the response of depth from 0 to 20 cm was less than 1.7 s. When comprehensive coefficients were 0.7, 0.5, 0.3, the depth's decrease showed as 3.2, 3.8 and 5.6 cm respectively. Meanwhile, the adjusting time showed as 0.79, 0.93 and 1.21 s respectively. It met the requirement of quick response of hydraulic lift hitch. When the comprehensive coefficient gets bigger, the effect of resistance to depth is less conversely. When the comprehensive coefficient is not zero, the system can keep depth and engine load stable at the same time. Driver can set the value of comprehensive coefficient to make electro-hydraulic lift hitch system adjust to many kinds of soils. Compared with the force control or position control, force-position combined control has more advantages. In the article, force-position combined control based on fuzzy control was presented and studied. The results reflect the dynamic characteristics of the electronically controlled hydraulic hitch system for ploughing depths control; and provide a theoretical basis for the controller design of the tractor's electro-hydraulic lift hitch system according to force-position combined control.

       

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