Abstract: In the context of rapid urbanization and industrialization, urban-rural spatial patterns and their associated economic-social systems are undergoing profound transformations. The entrenched urban-rural divide has generated systemic discontinuities in infrastructure allocation, public service provision, and social governance, further intensifying inequities in resources underpinning well-being. Human well-being is intrinsically multidimensional, contingent upon the interplay of ecological environment, socio-economic circumstances, and differentiated urban-rural conditions. Urban core areas typically concentrate wealth and comprehensive public services; conversely, rural base areas benefit from ecological advantages and strong social capital but suffer from limited services accessibility and constrained economic opportunities. Moreover, extensive peri-urban and interface zones, characterized by semi-urbanization and ambiguous spatial identities, frequently fall outside conventional governance categories, impeding coherent functional articulation between urban and rural systems. Against the background of global urbanization and evolving development paradigms, urban-rural integration has emerged as a critical imperative. The urban-rural continuum perspective has gained particular, positing that urban and rural spaces constitute a continuous gradient with multiple levels, nodes, and transitional forms, rather than a rigid binary. Crucially, the interaction between the urban-rural continuum and human well-being is complex and multi-dimensional. Their coupling transcends mere spatial pattern, manifesting through interdependencies among ecosystems, economic activities, social structures, and individual perceptions. A core feature of the urban-rural continuum is the continuity of space and the gradation of functions. Human well-being within this framework encompasses objective dimensions, such as material living standards, health, educational, ecological integrity, as well as subjective dimensions centered on perceived quality of life. From a systems perspective, the relationship between the urban-rural continuum and human well-being is a systematic coupling process grounded in space, linked by the factor flow, and carried by public services. By transcending the conventional urban-rural dichotomy, the continuum approach reconceptualizes urban-rural space as an integrated gradient comprising core areas, differentiated transitional zones (highly urbanized, moderately developed, and traditional agricultural types), and base areas. This reconceptualization enables a more nuanced identification of spatial heterogeneity and functional complementarities, elucidating the disparities in human well-being along the gradient. Nonetheless, this framework alone is insufficient to address governance challenges arising from blurred boundary and intensified factor circulation. Adaptive governance offers a process-oriented paradigm for managing complex systems, emphasizing iterative learning, dynamic adjustment, multi-actor collaboration, and resilience. The theoretical synergy is distinct: the urban-rural continuum framework clarifies the structural foundations and relational mechanisms of urban-rural interactions, while adaptive governance supplies operational tools for flexible intervention under uncertainty. Based on these realities, this study proposes a full-cycle regulation mechanism encompassing "pre-monitoring, mid-term regulation, post-feedback". Adaptive governance strategies are tailored to specific zones to coordinate spatial optimization, factor mobility, and public service equalization. Ultimately, this study refines the theories of urban-rural continuum and adaptive governance strategies to address heterogeneity in the integration process, providing theoretical support and policy implications for promoting urban-rural integration and sustainable rural development.