利用气幕射流强化渗透型太阳能空气集热器性能

    Performance of the unglazed solar air collector with air curtain jets

    • 摘要: 为了提高传统渗透型太阳能空气集热器抵抗横风干扰能力及其热效率,该研究提出了一种利用气幕射流强化渗透型太阳能空气集热器热性能的新方法。通过开展试验,研究了气幕射流速度、条缝开口宽度及射流方式对不同横风风速干扰下集热器热性能的影响规律。结果表明:气幕射流不仅可以隔离横风干扰,而且增强了集热板表面的对流换热强度。在试验工况范围内,存在最优射流参数组合(双侧射流、条缝宽度10 mm、射流速度0.8 m/s),使得集热器热效率较无气幕射流时最高提升14.57%,但随着横风风速的增加,气幕射流的防护效果逐渐降低。该研究揭示了气幕射流影响下的集热器性能变化规律,为渗透型集热器抵抗外界环境干扰提供了新思路。

       

      Abstract: High thermal efficiency is often required in the conventional unglazed solar air collectors (USAC) under crosswind conditions. The heat transfer can depend mainly on the specific heat capacity and flow velocity of the air in the flat-plate solar air collectors with the covers. In this study, a novel USAC with an air-curtain jet was proposed to enhance the thermal performance of the collector, in order to resist the crosswind interference. A combination of numerical simulation and experiment was adopted to verify the USAS performance. Initially, SolidWorks and FLUENT were used to conduct the numerical simulations. The reasonable range of the slot widths was determined for the air-curtain jet structure. Subsequently, an experimental platform was constructed, consisting of a porous aluminum plate, slotted rectangular air ducts, and insulation boards. The experiment was set in a controlled laboratory environment at Yanshan University, Hebei Province, China. A TRM-PD1 solar simulator was provided with a stable radiation intensity of 700 W/m². A hot-wire anemometer was used to monitor the outlet flow rate of 0.018 kg/s. An Agilent DAQ970 was used to record the temperature data at 20 measurement points on the collector plate surface at 10-second intervals. A series of experiments was conducted every day, in order to further reduce the influence of the environmental temperature. The experimental period lasted for one month. The results show that the air-curtain jet significantly improved the thermal performance of the collector. When the air-curtain jet was applied, the initial temperature of the inlet air increased in the pre-heated air that was absorbed by the small holes on the collector plate, thereby enhancing the heat utilization efficiency of the collector plate. The double-sided jet also shared the best performance. The highest outlet temperature (33.12 °C) was achieved at the lowest jet velocity of 1.2 m/s. The optimal structure was determined as a slot width of 10 mm and a double-sided jet mode. The air-curtain jet increased the collector efficiency by 14.57% under a crosswind speed of 0.6 m/s. Narrow slots caused insufficient heat absorption, due mainly to the thin jet layers, while the wide slots caused the heat loss, as the upper part of the thick jet layer diffused into the atmosphere. As such, the double-sided jet with a slot width of 10 mm exhibited the best performance under crosswind conditions, in terms of the thermal efficiency of the collector. Moreover, there was a gradually decreasing effect of the jet on the thermal efficiency as the crosswind speed increased. The velocity of the jet was often required for the optimal outlet temperature. The air-curtain jet can provide a new approach for the USAC to resist environmental interference.

       

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