射流脉冲喷头内驱动结构优化与水力性能

    Optimization of internal driving structure and hydraulic performance of jet pulse sprinkler

    • 摘要: 针对摇臂式喷头应用过程中存在的射流破碎不充分、水量分布不均、摇臂驱动装置复杂等问题,该研究设计了一种凸起高度4.7 mm、宽度8 mm、锥角120 °的棱锥体副喷嘴内驱动射流脉冲喷头。基于不同结构参数的脉冲水力性能响应特征,开展了内驱动棱锥体凸起高度、宽度、锥角的三因素、三水平正交试验,制作了最优结构参数的样机,与同条件摇臂式喷头进行水力性能对比试验。试验结果表明,在0.20~0.35MPa压力范围内,内驱动射流脉冲喷头的出口射流峰谷波动明显,主喷嘴能够确保喷头射程及远处喷洒水量,副喷嘴破碎射流并驱动喷头旋转,增加中近距离的喷洒水量,改善喷洒水量分布;水量近似“梯形”分布,远处水量分布与同类型产品接近,中间与近距离水量分布形态较好;流量减小14%~19.3%,平均喷灌强度下降11.6%~16.6%。整体性能优于同类产品,低压状态下的表现尤为突出,符合喷灌技术低压喷洒的发展趋势,可为射流脉冲喷头的新型驱动结构研究与应用提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Low-pressure spraying can be a promising potential in sprinkler irrigation. However, the current jet pulse sprinklers are limited to insufficient jet fragmentation, a single peak distribution of the spray water volume, low sprinkler uniformity, and a complex rocker arm drive device in the application of rocker arm sprinklers. In this study, a secondary nozzle was designed to drive the jet pulse sprinkler (20PM2) using the jet wall attached reversal. The specific size was a vertebral protrusion height of 4.7 mm, width of 8 mm, and cone angle of 120°. According to the response of the pulse hydraulic performance with different structural parameters, a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted on the height, width, and cone angle of the internally driven pyramid protrusion. Furthermore, 9 sets of sprinklers were selected to explore the variation of the flow rate, range, sprinkler intensity, water distribution, sprinkler uniformity coefficient, and rotation speed uniformity. A prototype with the optimal structural parameters was produced and then compared with a rocker-arm sprinkler (20PY2) under the same conditions for hydraulic performance. The experimental results show that there was a significant alternation of the peak valley in the spraying of both the main and auxiliary nozzles within the pressure range of 0.2-0.35 MPa, indicating the significant pulse spraying; Peak spraying of the main nozzle was realized the nozzle range and distant spraying water volume, while the valley spraying was improved the spraying water volume at the medium and long distances; The secondary nozzle was broken the jet and then drove the nozzle to rotate. Peak spraying increased the amount of water sprayed at medium to close distances, while the valley spraying increased the amount of water sprayed at close distances. The sprinkler flow rate and sprinkler intensity were inversely proportional to the volume of the pyramid. The nozzle range was independent of the internally driven pyramid. The height of the protrusion had a significant impact on the degree of the water flow fragmentation in the secondary nozzle and the distribution of the nearby water volume. The width of the pyramid exhibited a significant impact on the water volume in the middle and remote areas, and the cone angle had a significant impact on the spray water volume at the medium and close distances. The water volume of the 20PM2 sprinkler was distributed in an approximately "trapezoidal" pattern. While the 20PY2 sprinkler exhibited the varying "saddle-like" distribution. There was a similar distribution of the water volume at a distance between them. While there was the better distribution of the water volume in the middle and near distance of the 20PM2 sprinkler; The flow rate of the 20PM2 sprinkler decreased by 14%-19.3%, whereas, the average intensity of the sprinkler decreased by 11.6%-16.6%; When working under low water pressure, the uniformity coefficient of the 20PM2 sprinkler increased by 1.04%-1.49%, and the range increased by 0.7%-1.2%; When working under high water pressure, the uniformity coefficient of the 20PM2 sprinkler decreased by 0.96%-2.76%, and the range decreased by 1.5%-1.7%. The overall performance of the 20PM2 sprinkler was superior to that of the 20PY2 sprinkler of similar products. Its performance was particularly outstanding under low pressure. The finding can also provide a strong reference for the application of the driving structures in the jet pulse sprinklers.

       

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