Abstract:
Abstract: With the development of industry and agriculture, farmland soils irrigated with wastewater in China have been suffering heavy metal damages for many years, which have harmful impact on crops by adsorption and translocation. Therefore, it is urgent to remediate farmland soils contaminated with heavy metals as they will pose risk to human via food crop production and consumption. Agricultural measures such as fertilization have become promising methods because they are cost-effective and eco-friendly to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils. In this study, the field experiments were conducted in Fu River region to explore the effects of five different fertilization treatments on availability of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil as well as Cd and Pb translocation and accumulation in summer maize. The results showed that there were no significant difference in soil Cd and Pb availability and the translocation and accumulation in summer maize between CK (conventional fertilization: corn special compound fertilize, potassium chloride, urea) and the other two treatments, which were N-P-K (urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride) and HA-N-P (humic acid combined fertilizer, urea and diammonium phosphate) treatments. In addition, compared with CK, the soil available Cd levels in the treatments of HA-S-P (humic acid combined fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate) and S-P-K (ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate supplied) reduced by 10.60% and 6.36%, and the soil available Pb concentrations in the treatments of HA-S-P and S-P-K decreased by 11.49% and 6.00%, respectively. Cd and Pb concentrations in maize grains of these five treatments were less than the safety limitation of contaminants in food or food products (GB 2762-2012), but Pb concentrations in maize straws of these five treatments were higher than hygienical standard for feeds (GB13078-2001), accounting for 56.25%-109.13%. Therefore, summer maize straws were suitable for silage which planted on the farmland soils contaminated lightly with Cd and Pb. Furthermore, Cd and Pb bioaccumulation factors of grains were about 100 times less than those of straws. Cd bioaccumulation factors in grains and straws were 6.89-35.00 times higher and 5.13-6.17 times more than those of Pb, respectively. Pb transportation and accumulation in maize could be effectively restrained by sulfur fertilizer for Pb bioaccumulation factors of maize grains and Pb translocation factors of maize in HA-S-P and S-P-K treatments decreased by 44.44%, 77.78% and 50.33%, 77.10%, compared with that in CK, respectively. Pb concentrations in maize grains of these two treatments significantly (P<0.05) declined by 59.75% and 80.43% compared with that in CK, respectively. However, there were no significant (P>0.05) in Cd bioaccumulation factors and translocation factors of maize among five fertilization treatments. Different fertilization treatments had no significant effect on Cd accumulation and translocation in maize. In conclusion, it was the most suitable fertilization measure to apply fertilizers of ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate in farmland soils contaminated lightly with Cd and Pb when summer maize planted, followed by application of humic acid combined fertilizer, ammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate.